单选题Many doctors think it is helpful for night-shift workers _____.A to sleep with a bright light onB to plan sleep patterns carefullyC to avoid being disturbed at workD to sleep for a long time after work
题目
单选题
Many doctors think it is helpful for night-shift workers _____.
A
to sleep with a bright light on
B
to plan sleep patterns carefully
C
to avoid being disturbed at work
D
to sleep for a long time after work
相似考题
更多“单选题Many doctors think it is helpful for night-shift workers _____.A to sleep with a bright light onB to plan sleep patterns carefullyC to avoid being disturbed at workD to sleep for a long time after work”相关问题
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第1题：
共用题干
第二篇
Sleep Deficit
Judging from recent surveys,most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流
行病）of sleepiness in the nation."I can't think of a single study that hasn't found Americans getting less
sleep than they ought to,"says Dr. David.Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably
be better off with more rest.
The beginning of our sleep-deficit (睡眠不足）crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a
century ago.From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries,sleep scien-
tists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night."The best
sleep habits once were forced on us,when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm,and it was
dark."By the 1950s and 1960s,that sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically,to between 7.5 and 8
hours,and most people had to wake up to an alarm clock."People cheat on their sleep,and they don't even
realize they're doing it,"says Dr. David."They think they're okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours,
when they really need 7.5,eight or even more to feel ideally vigorous.
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep,researchers say,is the complexity of the day.Whenever
pressures from work,family,friends and community mount,many people consider sleep the least expensive
item on his programme.In our society,you're considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5hours'
sleep.If you'ye got to get 8.5 hours,people think you lack drive and ambition.
To determine the consequences of sleep deficit,researchers have put subjects through a set of psycho-
logical and performance tests requiring them,for instance,to add columns of numbers or recall a passage
read to them only minutes earlier."We'ye found that if you're in sleep deficit,performance suffers,"says
Dr. David."Short-term memory is weakened,as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate."Many Americans believe that________.
A:sleep is the first thing that can be sacrificed when one is busy
B:they need more sleep to cope with the complexities of everyday life
C:to sleep is something one can do at any time of the day
D:enough sleep promotes people's drives and ambition答案：A解析：文章第二段第一句说：睡眠不足始于一个世纪前电灯的发明。第三句说：良好的睡眠 习惯是强加于人的，晚上天黑，地里无法干活。由此可以推断出，C项符合题意。
本题为推理判断题。在文章第二段后半部分David博士直接提出：人们在睡眠问题上 自己欺骗自己，而且他们根本没有意识到这一点。由此可以推断出美国人也经常忽略睡眠不 足产生的后果。故选B。
文章第三段第二句话说：只要来自工作、家庭、朋友或社会的压力增加了，许多人就认 为睡眠不足是不重要的事情。A项；工作一忙，首先可以牺牲的是睡眠，符合题意。
本题为词义辨析题。本题考了一个熟悉的词subject。它是一个多义词，可以表示“题目”、“科目”等。但这些义项在这里都不合适。要确定它的意思，最关键的是要准确弄清它所 在句子前后部分的意思和关系。这句话前一部分说，要确定睡眠不足引起的后果：研究人员让 subject。通过一系列的心理和能力的测验，要求them将几栏数字加起来或回忆几分钟前所听 到过的文章。所以，这里subjects是人，是“正在被研究的对象”。选项C是正确答案。
本题为判断推理题。在文章最后一段研究结果“We' ye found that if you' re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,""Short-term memory is weakened,as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”可知，睡眠关系到人的精力和表现。故选D。第三篇 本篇文章讲述了营养不良是造成发展中国家许多儿童体重过低，生长发育缓慢的主要原因。 世界卫生组织(WHO）呼呀国际社会关注这一现象。然而在世界范围内仍有一大批人正遭受营养不 良所带来的病痛。仅从数据方面看，铁缺乏是最普遍的微量元素缺乏症，发病人群主要是孕妇和儿 童。文章最后提到治疗铁缺乏症的一些措施。 -
第2题：
共用题干
第三篇
Judging from recent surveys,most experts in sleep behavior agree that it is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation."I can't think of a single study that hasn't found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,"says Dr. David.Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.
The beginning of our sleep-deficit crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago.From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries,sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were forced on us,when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm,and it was dark." By the 1950s and 1960s,that sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically,to between 7.5 and 8 hours,and most people had to wake to an alarm clock."People cheat on their sleep,and they don't even realize they're doing it,"says Dr. David."They think they're okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours,when they really need 7.5,8 or even more to feel ideally vigorous."
"Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep,"researchers say,"is the complexity of the day." Whenever pressures from work,family,friends and community mount,many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his program."In our society,you're considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours' sleep.If you've got to get 8.5 hours,people think you lack drive and ambition."
To determine the consequences of sleep deficit,researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them,for instance,to add columns of numbers or recall a page read to them only minutes earlier."We've found that if you're in sleep deficit,performance suffers,"says Dr. David."Short-term memory is weakened,as are abilities to make decision and to concentrate."Many Americans believe that__________.
A:sleep is the first thing that can be sacrificed when one is busy
B:they need more sleep to cope with the complexities of everyday life
C:to sleep is something one can do at any time of the day
D:enough sleep promotes people's drive and ambition答案：A解析：细节题。答案相关句在第二段第三句："The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark.”由此可知，以前夜晚一片漆黑，人们没有事做，因而那时的人们养成了最佳睡眠的习惯。本段首句提到了睡眠不足是因为电灯泡的发明，可推知十八九世纪的人因为没有照明，导致没有事情可做，因而养成了早睡觉的习惯。因此，选项B符合文意。选项A“没有精力和野心”和选项C “有最好的睡眠习惯”使用文中的只言片语进行干扰，不正确；选项D“第二天有很多事情要做”文中没有提及。
推断题。在第二段后半部分中，大卫博士提到其实在睡眠上人们在自欺欺人，只是他们没有意识到而已，并且人们认为睡6.5个小时他们完全可以应付。事实上，要确保精力充沛，他们需要7.5个小时、8个小时或更长时间的睡眠。在第三段中，大卫博士指出，每当面对工作、家人、朋友和社会的巨大压力时，很多人认为睡眠是最不重要的，是最可以有弹性的。由此不难得出结论，美国人不在乎睡眠不足的后果或对此视而不见，因此选项B 符合文意。
推断题。根据第三段内容可知，美国人往往通过减少睡眠时间的方式来处理生活中的事情，因为他们认为睡眠是最不重要的（the least expensive item)。因此，选项A 符合文意。选项B“需要更多的睡眠去应对生活压力”与文意正好相反；选项C“一天任何时候都可以用来睡觉”和选项D“充足的睡眠可以激发人的动力和野心”文中没有提及。
语义题。由最后一段第一句的put subjects through...tests可知，这些subjects要经过一些测试，由此推知，subjects即 “测试对象”。因此，选项C为正确答案。
推断题。由最后一段最后两句“We've found that if you're in sleep deficit, performance suffers…Short-term memory is weakened,as are abilities to make decision and to concentrate.”可知，睡眠关系到人的精力和表现，因此，选项D符合文意。虽然文章在最后一段提到了睡眠不足时，瞬时记忆力会下降，但并没有说睡多了可以提高记忆力，因此选项A“大幅度提高记忆力”不正确；选项B“被其他人认为精力充沛”是对原文的曲解；选项C“维持某人的日程安排”文中并未提及。 -
第3题：
There is no creature that does not need sleep or complete rest every day.
If you want to know why,just try going without sleep for a long period of time.You will discover that your mind and body would become too tired to work properly.You would become irritable and find it hard to think clearly or concentrate on your work.So sleep is quite simply the time when the ceils of?your body recover from the work of the day and build up supplies of energy for the next period of activity.
One of the things we all know about sleep is that we are Unconscious in sleep,We do not know what is going on around us.But that do.esn′t mean the body stops all activity.The important organs continue to work during sleep,but most of the body functions are slowed down.
For example,our breathing becomes slower and deeper.The heart beats more slowly,and the blood pressure is lower.Our arms and legs become limp(柔软的)and muscles are at rest.It would be impossible for our body to relax to such an extent if we were awake.So sleep does for us what the?most quiet rest can not do.
Your body temperature becomes lower when you are asleep,which is the reason people go to sleep under some kind of covers.And even though you are unconscious,many of your reflexes(反射动作)still work.For instance,if someone tickles(使觉得痒)your foot,you will put it away in your sleep,or even brush a fly from your forehead.You do these things without knowing it.
In the clause"...that we are unconscious in sleep"（Pam.3）,the word"unconscious"means__________.A.untiring
B.unmoved
C.quiet
D.not knowing what is happening around答案：D解析：【考情点拨】词语理解题。【应试指导】本句出现于文章的第三段第一句，接下来的一句是对unconscious一词的进一步解释，即not knowing what is going on around US。 -
第4题：
共用题干
On Sleep
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities.These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general,these"short sleepers" appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or workers full or part-time while going to school.And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or"acceptable"to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams,the"short sleepers"did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering.In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterris shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.
The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it,and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."
Many of the " long sleepers " were shy , anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）, passive,mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.According to the report,______.
A: many short sleepers need less sleep by nature
B: many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work
C: long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day
D: many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood答案：D解析：文章倒数第二段提到“these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood",“睡眠长的人”童年就已经养成这种习惯，并一直保留到他们成人，所以答案是D。
第一段最后提到“睡眠短的人”,“...view... as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines"，晚上睡眠的时间是对他们日常工作的干扰。
在第三段，“睡眠短的人”由于夜间休息时间太短，他们会出现一些“Psychological problems"，而他们对此问题的做法是回避，他们忽略了睡眠短缺会带来的后果。
当“睡眠长的人”没有足够的睡眠时，他们不会像“睡眠短的人”那样精力充沛(B)、 极为沮丧(D)或者不满意(C)，文中说他们会“quite concerned",所以选A。
第四段开头“The sleep patterns of the‘ short sleepers’were similar to, but less extreme than”表明，他们和精神病人只是有些相似，但没有他们那么极端。 -
第5题：
共用题干
On Sleep
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities.These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general,these"short sleepers" appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or workers full or part-time while going to school.And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or"acceptable"to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams,the"short sleepers"did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering.In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterris shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.
The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it,and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."
Many of the " long sleepers " were shy , anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）, passive,mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.Many"short sleepers"are likely to hold the view that______.
A: sleep is a withdrawal from the reality
B: sleep interferes with their sound judgement
C: sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program
D: sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles答案：C解析：文章倒数第二段提到“these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood",“睡眠长的人”童年就已经养成这种习惯，并一直保留到他们成人，所以答案是D。
第一段最后提到“睡眠短的人”,“...view... as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines"，晚上睡眠的时间是对他们日常工作的干扰。
在第三段，“睡眠短的人”由于夜间休息时间太短，他们会出现一些“Psychological problems"，而他们对此问题的做法是回避，他们忽略了睡眠短缺会带来的后果。
当“睡眠长的人”没有足够的睡眠时，他们不会像“睡眠短的人”那样精力充沛(B)、 极为沮丧(D)或者不满意(C)，文中说他们会“quite concerned",所以选A。
第四段开头“The sleep patterns of the‘ short sleepers’were similar to, but less extreme than”表明，他们和精神病人只是有些相似，但没有他们那么极端。 -
第6题：
共用题干
第一篇
On Sleep
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general,these"short sleeps"appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or" acceptable"to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams,the "short sleepers" did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble
would go away.
The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.
The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."
Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）,passive, mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.According to the report,________.
A:many short sleepers need less sleep by nature
B:many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work
C:long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day
D:many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood答案：D解析：文章倒数第二段提到“these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood”,“睡眠长的人”童年就已经养成这种习惯，并一直保留到他们成人，所以答案是D
第一段最后提到“睡眠短的人”,“...view...as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines”，晚上睡眠的时间是对他们日常工作的干扰。
在第三段，“睡眠短的人”由于夜间休息时间太短，他们会出现一些“psychological problems”，而他们对此问题的做法是回避，他们忽略了睡眠短缺会带来的后果。
当“睡眠长的人”没有足够的睡眠时，他们不会像“睡眠短的人”那样精力充沛（B)、极为沮丧（D）或者不满意（C)，文中说他们会“quite concerned”，所以选A。
第四段开头“The sleep patterns of the‘short sleepers' were similar to ,but less extreme than”表明，他们和精神病人只是有些相似，但没有他们那么极端。 -
第7题：
共用题干
第一篇
On Sleep
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general,these"short sleeps"appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or" acceptable"to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams,the "short sleepers" did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble
would go away.
The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.
The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."
Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）,passive, mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.Which of the following is NOT included in the passage?
A:If one sleeps inadequately,his performance suffers and his memory is weakened.
B:The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the same as those shown by many mental patients.
C:Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep.
D:Short sleepers would be better off with more rest.答案：B解析：文章倒数第二段提到“these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood”,“睡眠长的人”童年就已经养成这种习惯，并一直保留到他们成人，所以答案是D
第一段最后提到“睡眠短的人”,“...view...as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines”，晚上睡眠的时间是对他们日常工作的干扰。
在第三段，“睡眠短的人”由于夜间休息时间太短，他们会出现一些“psychological problems”，而他们对此问题的做法是回避，他们忽略了睡眠短缺会带来的后果。
当“睡眠长的人”没有足够的睡眠时，他们不会像“睡眠短的人”那样精力充沛（B)、极为沮丧（D）或者不满意（C)，文中说他们会“quite concerned”，所以选A。
第四段开头“The sleep patterns of the‘short sleepers' were similar to ,but less extreme than”表明，他们和精神病人只是有些相似，但没有他们那么极端。 -
第8题：
根据以下材料，回答
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needsuntil the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the menvoluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressuresfrom school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightlyperiods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general, these "shortsleepers" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist in theiropinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held severaljobs at once, or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many ofthem had a strong urge to appear "normal" or "acceptable"to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams, the"short sleepers" did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefernot remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing withpsychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keepbusy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the "shortsleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown bymany mental patients categorized as manic.
The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland andHartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned whenthey were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the "short sleepers."
Many of the "long sleepers" were shy,anxious, introverted, inhibited, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure ofthemselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly state that sleepwas an escape from their daily problems.
According to the report,___________.A.many short sleepers need less sleep bynature
B.many short sleepers are obliged toreduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work
C.long sleepers sleep a longer period oftime during the day
D.many long sleepers preserve theirsleeping habit formed during their childhood答案：D解析：细节题。文章在第一段指出“…at aboutage 15 or so，the men voluntarily began cutting downtheir nightly sleep time”即到了15岁左右，他们(睡眠少的人)就故意地减少了夜间睡眠的时间，由此可见，他们在童年就养成了睡觉少的习惯。故选D。 -
第9题：
Your portable computer is in sleep mode. When you resume work on the portable computer， you are not prompted for a password. You need to ensure that you are prompted for a password each time the portable computer recovers from sleep mode. What should you do？（）
- A、Configure the computer to hibernate when not in use.
- B、In the current power plan settings， configure the computer to require a password when recovering from sleep mode.
- C、Configure the computer to use the High Performance power plan.
- D、Configure the screen saver settings to require a password on resumption of work.
正确答案:B -
第10题：
问答题Practice 1 Are you a real grump (脾气坏的人) in the mornings? Do you wake up every day feeling tired, angry and upset, and all too ready to flit the snooze (瞌睡) button? If so, then a new alarm clock could be just for you. The clock, called SleepSmart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before waking you up, Its makers say that should ensure you wake up feeling refreshed (恢复精力) every morning. As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states—light sleep, deep sleep and REM sleep (快速眼动睡眼)—that repeats approximately every 90 minutes. The points in that cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how long or little you have slept. Being wakened during a light phase means you are more likely to wake up cheerful and full of life and interest. SleepSmart records the distinct pattern of brain waves produced during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped with electrodes (电极) and a microprocessor. This measures electric activity of the wearer’s brain, and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You program the clock with the latest time at which you want to be wakened, and it then at the proper time wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that. The concept was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island after a friend complained of waking up tired and performing poorly on a test. “As sleep-deprived (剥夺) people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it,” says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea. They have almost finished a prototype and plan to market the product by next year.正确答案：
【参考译文】
你在早上会是一个坏脾气的人吗?你每天醒来时都会疲惫、生气、太容易打瞌睡吗?如果这样,你应该为自己设置一个新的闹钟
这个闹钟就叫做SleepSmart,它能测量你的睡眠周期,等到你睡得最浅的时候再把你叫醒。它的发明者说这能保证你每天早上醒来的时候都能恢复精力。
当你在睡觉时,会经过一系列睡眠状态——浅睡,熟睡和快速眼动睡眠—每90分钟循环一次。你在这个周期中醒来的时间点会影响之后的感受,并可能比睡觉时间的长短对你的影响更大。在浅睡阶段醒来意味着你更容易感到精神振奋,充满活力。
SleepSmart通过一个配备电机和微处理器的头带记录每个睡眠阶段产生的不用模式的脑电波。头带能测量穿戴者脑部的电流活动并无线连接床边的闹钟。你可以把闹钟设置到你想要被叫醒的最晚时间,之后它就会在离这个时间最近的一个浅睡阶段让你醒来。
在一位朋友抱怨睡醒之后感到疲惫并在考试中状态不佳后,罗德岛布朗大学的一群学生想出了这个主意。“我们本身也是睡眠不足的人,于是就开始思考怎么解决这个问题” Eric Shashoua说道。他刚从学校毕业不久,现在是Axon睡眠研究实验室的CEO,这家由学生创立的公司让他们尽情发挥自己的想法。他们现在差不多开发出了原型并计划明年将产品打入市场。解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
单选题Night-shift workers often find it difficult to sleep in the morning because _____.Atheir internal clock will not allow them to
Bthey are often disturbed by morning visits
Cthey are not trying hard enough to do so
Dthey are too tired to go to sleep well
正确答案： D解析：
判断推理题。题目询问“夜班工人发现清晨难以入睡的原因是什么？”从文章倒数第三句“Night-shift workers often find it...”可知，难以入睡是因为身体的自然规律被打破，此时体内生物钟不允许睡觉。正确答案为A。 -
第12题：
单选题Many doctors think it is helpful for night-shift workers _____.Ato sleep with a bright light on
Bto plan sleep patterns carefully
Cto avoid being disturbed at work
Dto sleep for a long time after work
正确答案： A解析：
事实细节题。题中询问“许多医生认为夜班工人什么很有益处？”从文章第五句“Many doctors recommend...”可知，他们建议精心设计睡眠方式，正确答案为B。 -
第13题：
共用题干
第三篇
Judging from recent surveys,most experts in sleep behavior agree that it is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation."I can't think of a single study that hasn't found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,"says Dr. David.Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.
The beginning of our sleep-deficit crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago.From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries,sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were forced on us,when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm,and it was dark." By the 1950s and 1960s,that sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically,to between 7.5 and 8 hours,and most people had to wake to an alarm clock."People cheat on their sleep,and they don't even realize they're doing it,"says Dr. David."They think they're okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours,when they really need 7.5,8 or even more to feel ideally vigorous."
"Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep,"researchers say,"is the complexity of the day." Whenever pressures from work,family,friends and community mount,many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his program."In our society,you're considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours' sleep.If you've got to get 8.5 hours,people think you lack drive and ambition."
To determine the consequences of sleep deficit,researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them,for instance,to add columns of numbers or recall a page read to them only minutes earlier."We've found that if you're in sleep deficit,performance suffers,"says Dr. David."Short-term memory is weakened,as are abilities to make decision and to concentrate."The word"subjects"(line 1,Para.4)refers to__________.
A:the performance tests used in the study of sleep deficit
B:special branches of knowledge that are being studied
C:people whose behaviors or reactions are being studied
D:the psychological consequences of sleep deficit答案：C解析：细节题。答案相关句在第二段第三句："The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark.”由此可知，以前夜晚一片漆黑，人们没有事做，因而那时的人们养成了最佳睡眠的习惯。本段首句提到了睡眠不足是因为电灯泡的发明，可推知十八九世纪的人因为没有照明，导致没有事情可做，因而养成了早睡觉的习惯。因此，选项B符合文意。选项A“没有精力和野心”和选项C “有最好的睡眠习惯”使用文中的只言片语进行干扰，不正确；选项D“第二天有很多事情要做”文中没有提及。
推断题。在第二段后半部分中，大卫博士提到其实在睡眠上人们在自欺欺人，只是他们没有意识到而已，并且人们认为睡6.5个小时他们完全可以应付。事实上，要确保精力充沛，他们需要7.5个小时、8个小时或更长时间的睡眠。在第三段中，大卫博士指出，每当面对工作、家人、朋友和社会的巨大压力时，很多人认为睡眠是最不重要的，是最可以有弹性的。由此不难得出结论，美国人不在乎睡眠不足的后果或对此视而不见，因此选项B 符合文意。
推断题。根据第三段内容可知，美国人往往通过减少睡眠时间的方式来处理生活中的事情，因为他们认为睡眠是最不重要的（the least expensive item)。因此，选项A 符合文意。选项B“需要更多的睡眠去应对生活压力”与文意正好相反；选项C“一天任何时候都可以用来睡觉”和选项D“充足的睡眠可以激发人的动力和野心”文中没有提及。
语义题。由最后一段第一句的put subjects through...tests可知，这些subjects要经过一些测试，由此推知，subjects即 “测试对象”。因此，选项C为正确答案。
推断题。由最后一段最后两句“We've found that if you're in sleep deficit, performance suffers…Short-term memory is weakened,as are abilities to make decision and to concentrate.”可知，睡眠关系到人的精力和表现，因此，选项D符合文意。虽然文章在最后一段提到了睡眠不足时，瞬时记忆力会下降，但并没有说睡多了可以提高记忆力，因此选项A“大幅度提高记忆力”不正确；选项B“被其他人认为精力充沛”是对原文的曲解；选项C“维持某人的日程安排”文中并未提及。 -
第14题：
There is no creature that does not need sleep or complete rest every day.
If you want to know why,just try going without sleep for a long period of time.You will discover that your mind and body would become too tired to work properly.You would become irritable and find it hard to think clearly or concentrate on your work.So sleep is quite simply the time when the ceils of?your body recover from the work of the day and build up supplies of energy for the next period of activity.
One of the things we all know about sleep is that we are Unconscious in sleep,We do not know what is going on around us.But that do.esn′t mean the body stops all activity.The important organs continue to work during sleep,but most of the body functions are slowed down.
For example,our breathing becomes slower and deeper.The heart beats more slowly,and the blood pressure is lower.Our arms and legs become limp(柔软的)and muscles are at rest.It would be impossible for our body to relax to such an extent if we were awake.So sleep does for us what the?most quiet rest can not do.
Your body temperature becomes lower when you are asleep,which is the reason people go to sleep under some kind of covers.And even though you are unconscious,many of your reflexes(反射动作)still work.For instance,if someone tickles(使觉得痒)your foot,you will put it away in your sleep,or even brush a fly from your forehead.You do these things without knowing it.
When you are sleeping,A.all of you reflexes stop working
B.most of your reflexes stop working
C.many of your reflexes still work
D.all of your reflexes still work答案：C解析：【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第三段最后一句的意思是，睡眠中，身体的重要器官继续工作，但是身体大部分的功能放慢了，且从最后一段“…many of your?reflexes still work”一句我们得出，答案为C。 -
第15题：
There is no creature that does not need sleep or complete rest every day.
If you want to know why,just try going without sleep for a long period of time.You will discover that your mind and body would become too tired to work properly.You would become irritable and find it hard to think clearly or concentrate on your work.So sleep is quite simply the time when the ceils of?your body recover from the work of the day and build up supplies of energy for the next period of activity.
One of the things we all know about sleep is that we are Unconscious in sleep,We do not know what is going on around us.But that do.esn′t mean the body stops all activity.The important organs continue to work during sleep,but most of the body functions are slowed down.
For example,our breathing becomes slower and deeper.The heart beats more slowly,and the blood pressure is lower.Our arms and legs become limp(柔软的)and muscles are at rest.It would be impossible for our body to relax to such an extent if we were awake.So sleep does for us what the?most quiet rest can not do.
Your body temperature becomes lower when you are asleep,which is the reason people go to sleep under some kind of covers.And even though you are unconscious,many of your reflexes(反射动作)still work.For instance,if someone tickles(使觉得痒)your foot,you will put it away in your sleep,or even brush a fly from your forehead.You do these things without knowing it.
If you don′t have as much sleep as your body needs,you will__________A.work properly
B.think clearly
C.keep your attention on your work
D.easily get angry答案：D解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第二段第三句指出，如果睡眠不足，人们会容易发怒，思路也会变得不清晰，而且很难专注于工作。 -
第16题：
共用题干
On Sleep
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities.These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general,these"short sleepers" appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or workers full or part-time while going to school.And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or"acceptable"to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams,the"short sleepers"did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering.In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterris shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.
The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it,and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."
Many of the " long sleepers " were shy , anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）, passive,mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.Which of the following statement is Not mentioned in the passage?
A: If one sleeps inadequately,his performance suffers and his memory is weakened.
B: The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the same as those shown by many mental patients.
C: Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep.
D: Short sleepers would be better off with more rest.答案：B解析：文章倒数第二段提到“these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood",“睡眠长的人”童年就已经养成这种习惯，并一直保留到他们成人，所以答案是D。
第一段最后提到“睡眠短的人”,“...view... as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines"，晚上睡眠的时间是对他们日常工作的干扰。
在第三段，“睡眠短的人”由于夜间休息时间太短，他们会出现一些“Psychological problems"，而他们对此问题的做法是回避，他们忽略了睡眠短缺会带来的后果。
当“睡眠长的人”没有足够的睡眠时，他们不会像“睡眠短的人”那样精力充沛(B)、 极为沮丧(D)或者不满意(C)，文中说他们会“quite concerned",所以选A。
第四段开头“The sleep patterns of the‘ short sleepers’were similar to, but less extreme than”表明，他们和精神病人只是有些相似，但没有他们那么极端。 -
第17题：
共用题干
On Sleep
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities.These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general,these"short sleepers" appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or workers full or part-time while going to school.And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or"acceptable"to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams,the"short sleepers"did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering.In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterris shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.
The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it,and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."
Many of the " long sleepers " were shy , anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）, passive,mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.When sometimes long sleepers cannot enjoy adequate sleep,they might______.
A: appear disturbed
B: become energetic
C: feel dissatisfied
D: be extremely depressed答案：A解析：文章倒数第二段提到“these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood",“睡眠长的人”童年就已经养成这种习惯，并一直保留到他们成人，所以答案是D。
第一段最后提到“睡眠短的人”,“...view... as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines"，晚上睡眠的时间是对他们日常工作的干扰。
在第三段，“睡眠短的人”由于夜间休息时间太短，他们会出现一些“Psychological problems"，而他们对此问题的做法是回避，他们忽略了睡眠短缺会带来的后果。
当“睡眠长的人”没有足够的睡眠时，他们不会像“睡眠短的人”那样精力充沛(B)、 极为沮丧(D)或者不满意(C)，文中说他们会“quite concerned",所以选A。
第四段开头“The sleep patterns of the‘ short sleepers’were similar to, but less extreme than”表明，他们和精神病人只是有些相似，但没有他们那么极端。 -
第18题：
共用题干
第一篇
On Sleep
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general,these"short sleeps"appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or" acceptable"to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams,the "short sleepers" did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble
would go away.
The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.
The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."
Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）,passive, mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.Many"short sleepers"are likely to hold the view that________.
A:sleep is a withdrawal from the reality
B:sleep interferes with their sound judgment
C:sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program
D:sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles答案：C解析：文章倒数第二段提到“these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood”,“睡眠长的人”童年就已经养成这种习惯，并一直保留到他们成人，所以答案是D
第一段最后提到“睡眠短的人”,“...view...as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines”，晚上睡眠的时间是对他们日常工作的干扰。
在第三段，“睡眠短的人”由于夜间休息时间太短，他们会出现一些“psychological problems”，而他们对此问题的做法是回避，他们忽略了睡眠短缺会带来的后果。
当“睡眠长的人”没有足够的睡眠时，他们不会像“睡眠短的人”那样精力充沛（B)、极为沮丧（D）或者不满意（C)，文中说他们会“quite concerned”，所以选A。
第四段开头“The sleep patterns of the‘short sleepers' were similar to ,but less extreme than”表明，他们和精神病人只是有些相似，但没有他们那么极端。 -
第19题：
共用题干
第一篇
On Sleep
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general,these"short sleeps"appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or" acceptable"to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams,the "short sleepers" did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble
would go away.
The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.
The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."
Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）,passive, mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep,the long sleepers might________.
A:appear disturbed
B:become energetic
C:feel dissatisfied
D:be extremely depressed答案：A解析：文章倒数第二段提到“these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood”,“睡眠长的人”童年就已经养成这种习惯，并一直保留到他们成人，所以答案是D
第一段最后提到“睡眠短的人”,“...view...as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines”，晚上睡眠的时间是对他们日常工作的干扰。
在第三段，“睡眠短的人”由于夜间休息时间太短，他们会出现一些“psychological problems”，而他们对此问题的做法是回避，他们忽略了睡眠短缺会带来的后果。
当“睡眠长的人”没有足够的睡眠时，他们不会像“睡眠短的人”那样精力充沛（B)、极为沮丧（D）或者不满意（C)，文中说他们会“quite concerned”，所以选A。
第四段开头“The sleep patterns of the‘short sleepers' were similar to ,but less extreme than”表明，他们和精神病人只是有些相似，但没有他们那么极端。 -
第20题：
根据以下材料，回答
Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needsuntil the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the menvoluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressuresfrom school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightlyperiods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general, these "shortsleepers" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist in theiropinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held severaljobs at once, or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many ofthem had a strong urge to appear "normal" or "acceptable"to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams, the"short sleepers" did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefernot remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing withpsychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keepbusy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the "shortsleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown bymany mental patients categorized as manic.
The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland andHartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned whenthey were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the "short sleepers."
Many of the "long sleepers" were shy,anxious, introverted, inhibited, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure ofthemselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly state that sleepwas an escape from their daily problems.
Many "short sleepers" arelikely to hold the view that ___________.A.sleep is a withdrawal from the reality
B.sleep interferes with their soundjudgment
C.sleep is the least expensive item ontheir routine program
D.sleep is the best way to deal withpsychological troubles答案：C解析：细节题。第一段最后一句指出“Thesemen tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersomeinterruptions in their daily routines．”即他们认为夜间睡眠是一件令人讨厌的事情，打断了日常事务。故答案为C。 -
第21题：
单选题In order to remain fully awake at work，people working night-shifts should _____.Ahave longer sleep periods after work
Bmake the light darker than usual
Ctry to re-set their “internal clock”
Dpay more attention to their work
正确答案： C解析：
判断推理题。题目询问“为了工作时保持清醒，夜班人员应该怎样？”从原文第二句“Quite often the clock tells them to steep when their job...”可知，他们的工作要求他们完全清醒而生物钟则要求他们睡觉，从而推断，要想工作时保持清醒就要同生物钟做斗争。正确答案为C。 -
第22题：
单选题According to the passage, people have difficulty getting to sleep because ______.Athey work more than sixty hours a week
Bthey have too many enemies
Cthey do not sleep happily
Dthey are not tired enough
正确答案： C解析：
文章首段指出据爱丁堡大学的Dr. Ian Oswald称世界上十分之一的人都入睡困难，原因很简单，大多数人睡不着觉是因为自身问题：他们睡得太早了。也就是说身体还不累就睡觉了，故D项符合题意。 -
第23题：
单选题Your portable computer is in sleep mode. When you resume work on the portable computer， you are not prompted for a password. You need to ensure that you are prompted for a password each time the portable computer recovers from sleep mode. What should you do？（）AConfigure the computer to hibernate when not in use.
BIn the current power plan settings， configure the computer to require a password when recovering from sleep mode.
CConfigure the computer to use the High Performance power plan.
DConfigure the screen saver settings to require a password on resumption of work.
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第24题：
单选题According to the passage, some doctors recommend that night-shift workers should _____.Ahave frequent visits and phone calls
Bimprove their family relationship
Chave two smaller sleep periods
Drely mainly on light therapy
正确答案： C解析：
事实细节题。题目询问“根据文章，有些医生建议夜班工人如何？”从文章倒数第二句“Some experts recommend that night-shift...”可知，正确答案为C。