问答题Practice 2 Until early in this century, the isolationist tendency prevailed in American foreign policy. Then two factors projected America into world affairs: its rapidly expanding power, and the gradual collapse of the international system centered o
题目
问答题
Practice 2 Until early in this century, the isolationist tendency prevailed in American foreign policy. Then two factors projected America into world affairs: its rapidly expanding power, and the gradual collapse of the international system centered on Europe, the watershed presidencies marked this progression: Theodore Roosevelt’s and Woodrow Wilson’s. These men held the reins of government when world affairs were drawing a reluctant nation into their vortex. Both recognized that America had a crucial role to play in world affairs though they justified its emergence from isolation with opposite philosophies. Roosevelt was a sophisticated analyst of the balance of power. He insisted on an international role for America because its national interest demanded it, and because a global balance of power was inconceivable to him without American participation. For Wilson, the justification of America’s international role was messianic: America had an obligation, not to the balance of power, but to spread its principles throughout the world. During the Wilson’s Administration, America emerged as a key player in world affairs, proclaiming principles which, while reflecting the truisms of American though, nevertheless marked a revolutionary departure for Old World diplomats. These principles held that peace depends on the spread of democracy, that states should be judged by the same ethical criteria as individuals, and that the national interest consists of adhering to a universal system of law.
相似考题
更多“问答题Practice 2 Until early in this century, the isolationist tendency prevailed in American foreign policy. Then two factors projected America into world affairs: its rapidly expanding power, and the gradual collapse of the international system centered o”相关问题
-
第1题：
Text 2 Economic refugees have traditionally lined up to get into America.lAtely,they have been lining up to leave.In the past few months,half a dozen biggish comparues have announced plans to merge with foreign partners and in the process move their corporate homes abroad.The motive is simple:corporate taxes are lower in Ireland,Britain and,for that matter,almost everywhere else than they are in America.In Washington,D.C.,policymakers have reacted wiLh indignation.Jack Lew,the treasury secretary,has quesLioned che companies'patriotism and called on Congress to outlaw such transactions.His fellow Democrats are eager to oblige,and some Republicans are willing to listen.The proposals are misguided.Tightening the rules on corporate"inversions",as these moves are called,does nothing to deal with the reason why so many firms want to leave:America has the rich world's most dysfunctional corporate-tax system.It needs fundamental reform,not new complications.America's corporate tax has two horrible flaws.The first is the tax rate,which at 35%is the lughest among the 34 mostly rich-country members of the OECD.Yet it raises less revenue than the OECD average ihanks to countless loopholes and tax breaks aimed at everything from machinery investment to NASCAR race tracks.Last year these breaks cost$150 billion in forgone revenue,more than half of what America collected in total corporate taxes.The second flaw is that America levies lax on a company's income no matter where in the world it is eamed.In contrast,every other large rich country taxes only income eamed within its borders.Here,too,America's system is absurdly ineffective at collecting money.Firms do not have to pay tax on foreign profits until Lhey bring them back home.Not surprisingly,many do not:American multinationals have some$2 trillion sittiry;on their foreign units'balance-sheets,and growing.All this imposes big costs on the economy.The high rate discourages investment and loopholes distort it,because decisions are driven by tax considerations rather than a project's economic merits.The tax rate companies actually pay varies wildly,depending on cheir type of business and the creativity of their lawyers:some pay close to zero,others the fuU 35%.But as other countries chopped their rates and America's stayed the same,the incentive to flee grew.A possible solution is to lower the corporate rate,eliminate tax breaks and move America from a worldwide system to a territonal one.
Which of the following would be the best tide for the text?A.Corporate Tax in America:Time to Reform
B.The QuesLionable Tax Breaks in America
C.Corporations in America:Time to Leave
D.The Hopeless Corporate Tax in America答案：A解析：主旨题。文章第一段通过描述大量公司离开美国，引出美国企业税（corporate tax）这一问题：第二段描述官员对美国公司的行为表示愤怒，并作出一些提议；第三段引出作者观点：官员的提议具有误导性，美国企业税制需要改革；第四、五段分别讨论美国企业税的两大问题；最后一段总结美国企业税制的缺点并提出解决方案。选项[B]中Tax Breaks“税收减免”一词仅在第四、六两段出现过，只是文章讨论的部分内容，并非全文讨论的重点，该项可以排除。选项[C]中Cororations、Leave等关键词是首段讨论的内容，也非全文主旨，故也可以排除。选项[A][D]都强调了“美国企业税”这一关键词，[A]突出Reform“改革”，而[D]突出Hopeless“无可救药的”。作者在第三段最后一句提出：It needs fundamental refoIm．not new complications.又在第六段最后一句提出：A possible solution is to lower the corporate rate,eliminate tax breaks and move America from a worldwide system to a territorial one.因此，文章强调Reform“改革”一词，而非Hopeless“无可救药的”。故排除[D]选项，本题答案为[A]。 -
第2题：
共用题干
The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.
The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.
They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.What does"that hope"in the first paragraph refer to?
A:The hope that America would be discovered.
B:The hope to start a new life.
C:The hope to see the mysteries of the New Worid.
D:The hope to find poverty here.答案：B解析：由文章第一段第二句话“… a genuine hope of a new life …”可知，that hope指的是人们对在美洲新大陆开始新生活的希望。故选B。
由文章第二段第二句可知，早在大约公元1000年北欧人发现美洲之前，美洲土著居民就居住在这里。第一句说“美国文学来源于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知，美国文学产生于公元1000年前就居住在这里的美洲土著居民的生活经历。故选D。
由文章第二段第三句话“Each tribe ' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of dail life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.”可知，美洲土部落的文学是他们日常生活的真实写照。故选A。
文章最后一段的第一句话“Experience , then , is the key to early American literature."本段的主题句，说的是：美洲的生活经历是美国早期文学产生的关键因素。故选D。
由文章最后一段第四句话“They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd , wh thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”可知，这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第3题：
共用题干
The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.
The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.
They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.According to the last paragraph,which of the following statements is true about American literature?
A:Some British writers started American literature.
B:Early-day American literature is a reflection of the boring life then.
C:Some British writers had'doubts about the future of American literature.
D:Some British writers had great confidence in the future of American literature.答案：D解析：由文章第一段第二句话“… a genuine hope of a new life …”可知，that hope指的是人们对在美洲新大陆开始新生活的希望。故选B。
由文章第二段第二句可知，早在大约公元1000年北欧人发现美洲之前，美洲土著居民就居住在这里。第一句说“美国文学来源于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知，美国文学产生于公元1000年前就居住在这里的美洲土著居民的生活经历。故选D。
由文章第二段第三句话“Each tribe ' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of dail life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.”可知，美洲土部落的文学是他们日常生活的真实写照。故选A。
文章最后一段的第一句话“Experience , then , is the key to early American literature."本段的主题句，说的是：美洲的生活经历是美国早期文学产生的关键因素。故选D。
由文章最后一段第四句话“They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd , wh thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”可知，这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第4题：
共用题干
The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.
The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.
They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.What can we learn from the literature of the tribes of the native Americans?
A:About the everyday life of the native Americans.
B:About the arrival of Columbus.
C:About the experience of the first European settlers.
D:About the experience of those who died in the New England wilderness.答案：A解析：由文章第一段第二句话“… a genuine hope of a new life …”可知，that hope指的是人们对在美洲新大陆开始新生活的希望。故选B。
由文章第二段第二句可知，早在大约公元1000年北欧人发现美洲之前，美洲土著居民就居住在这里。第一句说“美国文学来源于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知，美国文学产生于公元1000年前就居住在这里的美洲土著居民的生活经历。故选D。
由文章第二段第三句话“Each tribe ' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of dail life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.”可知，美洲土部落的文学是他们日常生活的真实写照。故选A。
文章最后一段的第一句话“Experience , then , is the key to early American literature."本段的主题句，说的是：美洲的生活经历是美国早期文学产生的关键因素。故选D。
由文章最后一段第四句话“They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd , wh thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”可知，这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第5题：
共用题干
The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.
The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.
They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.When did American literature begin?
A:Before the American natives lived there.
B:When Columbus and other explorers sent reports back home.
C:When the Northmen found America in about 1000.
D:Long before the year 1000.答案：D解析：由文章第一段第二句话“… a genuine hope of a new life …”可知，that hope指的是人们对在美洲新大陆开始新生活的希望。故选B。
由文章第二段第二句可知，早在大约公元1000年北欧人发现美洲之前，美洲土著居民就居住在这里。第一句说“美国文学来源于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知，美国文学产生于公元1000年前就居住在这里的美洲土著居民的生活经历。故选D。
由文章第二段第三句话“Each tribe ' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of dail life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.”可知，美洲土部落的文学是他们日常生活的真实写照。故选A。
文章最后一段的第一句话“Experience , then , is the key to early American literature."本段的主题句，说的是：美洲的生活经历是美国早期文学产生的关键因素。故选D。
由文章最后一段第四句话“They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd , wh thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”可知，这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第6题：
共用题干
The Beg i n n i ng of America n Literature
American has always been a land of beginnings._____(51)Europeans“discovered”
America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from_____(52)and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as nation,America begins with that hope.When,______(53),does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists ar-rived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who“found”America about the year 1,000,_____(54)Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was______(55)woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land._______(56)kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers________(57)home in Spain,French and Eng-lish.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes______(58)experiences of those______(59) years.
Experience,then,is the key to early American literature .The New World______(60)a great variety of experiences,and these experiences______(61)a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers,included John Smith,______ (62)spent only two-and-a-half years on the American continent. They included Jonathan Ed-wards and William Byrd,who______(63)of themselves as British subjects,never______(64)a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.Ameni-can Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owner-they are all the______(65)of the first American literature.54._________
A: naughty
B: natural
C: national
D: native答案：D解析：空格后的“the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope”（这个神秘的新世界成了很多人的真正希望），应发生在“Europeans‘discovered' America in the fifteenth century”（欧洲人在巧世纪发现了美洲）之后。故选B。
结合上下文可知，这里指的是逃离贫穷（poverty）和压迫。happiness幸福；prosperity 繁荣；wealth财富。故选D。
空格前一句“We can say that, as nation, America begins with that hope.”（我们可以认为，美国是随着对新生活的美好希望开始的。）与“When does American literature be-gin?”（美国文学是什么时候开始的）是转折关系。but但是，表转折，后面不用逗号； however但是，表转折，后面需用逗号；and和，与，表并列；so所以，表原因。故选B。
这里指的是北美土著居民。native本地人，本地的；naughty淘气的；natural自然的； national全国性的。故选D。
空格所在分句的意思是每个部落的文学都紧密地交织到日常生活的构架中去。tightly严严实实，紧紧地；loosely松散地；densely浓密地；heavily沉重地。故选C。
这里是指另一种经历。other另外的；the other两者中的另一个；other、其他的人或物；均不符合题意和用法，只有another适合。故选A。
这里是指哥伦布及其他探险家送回家乡的用西班牙语、法语和英语写成的报告。give给；bring带来；take带走；均不符合题意和用法，只有sent适合。故选B。
这里指的是艰辛且令人心碎的经历。favourable有利的；unforgettable难忘的；heartbreaking令人心碎的；significant重要的。故选C。
这些艰辛且令人心碎的经历是早期的经历。early早期的；later后来的；final最后的; late迟到的。故选A。
空格所在分句的意思是这个新世界提供了各种各样的经历。improve提升，提高；promote促进，推进；develop发展，开发；provided提供。故选D。
空格所在分句的意思是这些经历要求很多美国早期文学家用各种各样的方式来描述。destroy摧毁; demanded要求；disrupt扰乱；dispute辩论，争论。故选B。
空格所在句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词John Smith为人，故需用wh。来引导。故选D。
think of… as…意思是“认为……是……”，是固定词组，用在这里是指认为自己是：大英帝国的臣民。故选C
这里考查的是非谓语动词，“他们”与“怀疑”的动作是主动关系，故用、uspecting，表伴随。故选B。
他们都是早期美国文学的创造者。creators创造者；conductor指挥；contributor贡献者; conqueror征服者，占领者。故选A。 -
第7题：
共用题干
第一篇
The Development of PR
The rise of multinational corporations,global marketing,new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.
Surprisingly,since modern PR was largely an American invention,the US leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries.Ten years ago,for example,the world's top five public relations agencies were American-owned.In 1991,only one was.The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative.A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate planning activities,compared to about one-third of US companies.It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.
Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race?Firstly,Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provinciel and take more of an interest in local affairs.Knowledge of world geography,for example,has never been strong in this country.Secondly,American lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language.Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshall's US employees know two languages.Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage.Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language.Finally,people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs.In the financial PR area,for instance,most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas,their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist,publications not often read in this country.
Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN(Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word"foreign"would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts.According to Turner,global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?
A:The American PR industry should develop global communication technologies.
B:People involved in PR should avoid using the word"foreign".
C:American PR companies should be more internationally minded.
D:People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages.答案：C解析：从文章的第一段可以判断A、C、D所涉及的三点是公共关系业迅速发展和增长的原因，与题意不符。根据第二段的内容可以肯定B为正确答案。
词汇题，文中说到美国雇员的地理知识从来就不是那么优秀，可见provincial应具有与local类似的意思，四个选项中：D“狭隘的世界观”最为贴切；选项B“对世界金融事务感兴趣”与以上分析相矛盾；选项A和C无从推测。
具体见文章第二段。
从第三段最后两句可以判断美国人不如他们的欧洲及亚洲同行阅读广泛，掌握第二外语的人数比例也低于外国同行，所以选项A和B不正确；世界地理知识方面了解不多不能说明他们在地理知识方面无知，所以C错误，第二段提到“the British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative”从反面证明美国公司在公共关系方面如他们的欧洲同行，所以D正确。
根据Ted Turner".the word 'foreign' would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts"，可见CNN的发展方向要放眼全世界，把世界作为自己的事业的着眼点，因此可以判断C为正确答案。 -
第8题：
问答题Power and Cooperation: An American Foreign Policy for the Age of Global Politics The age of geopolitics in American foreign policy is over; the age of global politics has begun. Throughout the twentieth century, traditional geopolitics drove U. S. thinking on foreign affairs: American security depended on preventing any one country from achieving dominion over the Eurasian landmass. That objective was achieved with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Now the United States finds itself confronting a new international environment, one without a peer competitor but that nonetheless presents serious threats to American security. The terrorists who struck the World Trade Center and the Pentagon neither represented a traditional state-based threat nor were tied to a specific geographical location. Nevertheless, nineteen people with just a few hundred thousand dollars succeeded in harming the most powerful nation on earth. For more than three centuries, the dynamics of world politics was determined by the interplay among states, especially the great powers. Today, world politics is shaped by two unprecedented phenomena that are in some tension with each other. One is the sheer predominance of the United States. Today, as never before, what matters most in international politics is how—and whether—Washington acts on any given issue. The other is globalization, which has unleashed economic, political, and social forces that are beyond the capacity of any one country, including the United States, to control. American primacy and globalization bring the United States great rewards as well as great dangers. Primacy gives Washington an unsurpassed ability to get its way in international affairs, while globalization enriches the American economy and spreads American values. But America’s great power and the penetration of its culture, products, and influence deep into other societies breed intense resentment and grievances. Great power and great wealth do not necessarily produce greater respect or greater security. American leaders and the American people are now grappling with the double-edged sword that is the age of global politics.正确答案： 【参考译文】
权力与合作:全球政治时代美国的外交政策 美国外交政策的地缘政治时代已经结束,全球政治的时代已初露端倪。整个20世纪,传统的地缘政治是美国外交事务的基点:美国的安全在于阻止任何其他国家在亚欧大陆上取得主导地位。这一目标随着苏联的解体而最终得以实现。如今,美国人发现,自己所处的国际新环境中虽然没有可以与之匹敌的国家,但是却存在着对美国安全的严重威胁。袭击世贸中心和五角大楼的恐怖分子,既不是传统的基于国家的威胁,也不能被锁定在某个特定的地理区域。然而,19个人用了区区几十万美元,便成功地对这个世界上最强大的国家造成了伤害。
三个多世纪以来,世界政治动态始终取决于国家间、尤其是大国间的互动关系。今天,主导世界政治格局的则是两大前所未有、且彼此间保持着某种张力的现象。其一是美国不容置疑的主导作用。国际政治从来没有像今天这样,取决于华盛顿对任何问题的反应。其二是全球化。全球化在经济、政治及社会领域所释放出的力量,没有任何一个国家——包括美国——能将之置于自己的控制之下。
美国的老大地位和全球化给美国带来了巨大的利益,也带来了重大的危险。老大地位给了华盛顿无可超越的能力,在国际事务中为所欲为;而全球化使美国经济更加强大,并使美国的价值观得以传播。然而美国的强大、文化产品的渗透,及对其他国家的深入影响却招致了政体强烈的憎恨和不平。大国地位和巨大的财富并不一定能带来更多的尊敬或更多的安全感。美国的领导者和美国人民正在为如何使用全球政治时代这把双刃剑而费神。解析： 暂无解析 -
第9题：
问答题Practice 5 One by one, economies around the world are stumbling. By cutting interest rates again this week-for the seventh time this year-the Federal Reserve hopes it can keep America out of recession. But in an increasing number of economies, from Japan to Taiwan to Mexico and Brazil. GDP is already shrinking. Global industrial production fell at an annual rate of 6 percent in the first half of 2001. Early estimates suggest that gross world product, as a whole, may have contracted in the second quarter, for possibly the first time in two decades. Welcome to the first global recession of the 21st century.正确答案：
【参考译文】
全球经济接二连三受挫。美国联邦储备委员会通过本星期的再次降息(即今年的第七次降息),希望力挽狂澜,避免美国陷入衰退。但是从日本到台湾、从墨西哥到巴西,国内生产总值(GDP)萎缩的国家和地区愈来愈多。2001年上半年全球工业生产下降率已达年6%的幅度。初步估计表明,全球的生产总值总体上可能会在第二季度出现20年来的第一次负增长。21世纪第一次全球性经济衰退已正式降临。解析： 暂无解析 -
第10题：
问答题Practice 15 (1) The development of jazz can be seen as part of the development of American popular music, especially dance music. In the twentieth, jazz became the hottest new thing in dance music, much as ragtime had at turn of the century, and as would rhythm and blues in the forties, rock in the fifties, and disco in the seventies. (2) But two characteristics distinguish jazz from other dance music.正确答案：
(1) 爵士乐的发展可以看做是美国流行音乐——尤其是舞蹈音乐——发展的一部分。
(2) 但是爵士乐与其他舞蹈音乐相比有两个明显不同的特点。解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
填空题Drunken debauchery was regarded as old Christmas practice in America in the 19th century?____正确答案： E解析：
根据题干中“old Christmas practice”和“19th century”定位到E段。本段指出，圣诞节在美国流行，美国人发明了一些新的习俗，Drunken debauchery为旧习俗。故匹配段落为E段。 -
第12题：
问答题Practice 4 America’s singular approach to international affairs did not develop all at once, or as the consequence of a solitary inspiration. In the early years of the Republic, American foreign policy was in fact a sophisticated reflection of the American national interest, which was, simply, to fortify the hew nation’s independence. Since no European country was capable of posing an actual threat so long as it had to contend with rivals, the Founding Fathers showed themselves quite ready to manipulate the despised balance of power when it suited their needs indeed, they could be extraordinarily skillful at maneuvering between France and Great Britain not only to preserve America’s independence but to enlarge its frontiers. Because they really wanted neither side to win a decisive victory in the wars of the French Revolution, they declared neutrality. Jefferson defined the Napoleonic Wars as a contest between the tyrant on the land (France) and the tyrant of the ocean (England) —in other words, the parties in the European struggle were morally equivalent. Practicing an early form of nonalignment, the new nation discovered the benefit of neutrality as a bargaining tool, just as many an emerging nation has since.正确答案： 【参考译文】
立国之初,美国的外交政策实质上错综复杂地折射出了美国的国家利益,即,一言以蔽之,强化这一新兴国家的独立。既然任何一个欧洲国家,只要它不得不与其对手们展开竞争,就不足以构成一种实际威胁,故美利坚共和国的奠基者们表现得十分愿意去利用受人鄙视的均势,因为均势确实能顺应他们的需要。他们极其擅长于在英法之间挑拨离间,不仅仅得以维护美国的独立,而且得以拓展其疆域。因为他们并不真正希望任何一方在法国大革命的战争中赢得决定性的胜利,他们便宣布中立。杰斐逊总统将拿破仑战争定义为陆地霸主(法国)和海洋霸主(英国)之间的一场搏杀——换言之,这场欧洲争斗中的双方在道德层面上实乃一丘之貉。通过推行一种早期的不结盟政策,美国这个新兴国家尝到了中立作为一种讨价还价的工具的甜头,正如自此以后,许多崛起中的国家大多乐此不倦那样。解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
Text 2 Economic refugees have traditionally lined up to get into America.lAtely,they have been lining up to leave.In the past few months,half a dozen biggish comparues have announced plans to merge with foreign partners and in the process move their corporate homes abroad.The motive is simple:corporate taxes are lower in Ireland,Britain and,for that matter,almost everywhere else than they are in America.In Washington,D.C.,policymakers have reacted wiLh indignation.Jack Lew,the treasury secretary,has quesLioned che companies'patriotism and called on Congress to outlaw such transactions.His fellow Democrats are eager to oblige,and some Republicans are willing to listen.The proposals are misguided.Tightening the rules on corporate"inversions",as these moves are called,does nothing to deal with the reason why so many firms want to leave:America has the rich world's most dysfunctional corporate-tax system.It needs fundamental reform,not new complications.America's corporate tax has two horrible flaws.The first is the tax rate,which at 35%is the lughest among the 34 mostly rich-country members of the OECD.Yet it raises less revenue than the OECD average ihanks to countless loopholes and tax breaks aimed at everything from machinery investment to NASCAR race tracks.Last year these breaks cost$150 billion in forgone revenue,more than half of what America collected in total corporate taxes.The second flaw is that America levies lax on a company's income no matter where in the world it is eamed.In contrast,every other large rich country taxes only income eamed within its borders.Here,too,America's system is absurdly ineffective at collecting money.Firms do not have to pay tax on foreign profits until Lhey bring them back home.Not surprisingly,many do not:American multinationals have some$2 trillion sittiry;on their foreign units'balance-sheets,and growing.All this imposes big costs on the economy.The high rate discourages investment and loopholes distort it,because decisions are driven by tax considerations rather than a project's economic merits.The tax rate companies actually pay varies wildly,depending on cheir type of business and the creativity of their lawyers:some pay close to zero,others the fuU 35%.But as other countries chopped their rates and America's stayed the same,the incentive to flee grew.A possible solution is to lower the corporate rate,eliminate tax breaks and move America from a worldwide system to a territonal one.
The author suggests that the corporate-tax system in America is_____A.misguided
B.complicated
C.incomplete
D.fundamental答案：C解析：观点题。定位到第三段第二、三行：America has the rich world's most dysfunctional corporate-tax system.其中答案关键提示词为dysfunctional“功能紊乱的，不正常的”。选项[A]misguided“误导的”；该项在本段首句出现：The proposals are misguided.文中misguided指的是第二段政府官员的提议，且“误导的”与“不正常的”无法同义替换，故排除该项。选项[B]complicated“复杂的”；同样无法替换“不正常的”。选项[D]fundamental“基本的，根本的”；最后一句提到：It needs fundamental reform...，fundamental用来修饰reform“改革”，而非corporIe-tax system“企业税体制”，且fundamental“基本的，根本的”也无法替换dysfunctional“不正常的”，故该项也可以排除。选项[C]incomplete“不完整的，不完善的”；该词与dysfunctional“不正常的”最接近；不完善的企业税体制=不正常的企业税体制，二者可以同义替换。故[C]为正确答案。 -
第14题：
共用题干
第一篇
The Beginning of American Literature
America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth
century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from
poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that
hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with Amnerican experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before
Christopher Columbus，before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,Native Americans
lived here. Each trilbe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daiiy life and reflected the unmistakably
American experience of lining with the land。Anoiher kind of experience,one filled with fear and excite-
ment,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain,French and
English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness tell
unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.
Experience,then,is the key to early American literature.The New World provided a great variety of
experiences,and these experiences deniauded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early
American writers.These wnters included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American
continent.They included Jonathlan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British sub-
jects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.
American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners一they are all the creators
of the first American literature.The main purpose of the last paragraph is to tell the readers that_____________.
A:in the early days most American writers were from Great Britain
B:people with rich life experience became writers
C:there were many writers in the early days of American history
D:early-day experience provided the foundation for American literature答案：D解析：首先找到“that hope”在文章中的位置：就是指第一段第二句中“…a genuine hope of a new life,”意思是：开始新生活的真诚希望。故选B。
从第二段第二句可知：很早以前，本上美国人就居住在这里。既然前一句说“美国文学 产生于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知美国文学产生于很早以前就居住这里的本土美国人的 生活经历。故选D。
由文章第一二段第三句话“Each tribe' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land.”可知，从美洲土著 部落的文学中，我们可以找到他们日常生活的写照。
文章最后一段的第一句“Experience, then, is the key to early American literature.”是本 段的主题句，说的是：经历是早期美国文学的关键因素。
文章最后一段中“These writers included Johon Smith , who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of them- selves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”意思是：这些文学家包括仅在美洲居住两年半的约翰·史密斯，还 有约翰逊·爱德华和维廉姆·白伊德。这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会 创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对 美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第15题：
共用题干
第一篇
The Beginning of American Literature
America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth
century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from
poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that
hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with Amnerican experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before
Christopher Columbus，before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,Native Americans
lived here. Each trilbe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daiiy life and reflected the unmistakably
American experience of lining with the land。Anoiher kind of experience,one filled with fear and excite-
ment,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain,French and
English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness tell
unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.
Experience,then,is the key to early American literature.The New World provided a great variety of
experiences,and these experiences deniauded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early
American writers.These wnters included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American
continent.They included Jonathlan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British sub-
jects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.
American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners一they are all the creators
of the first American literature.When did American literature begin?
A:Before the American natives lived there.
B:When Columbus and other explorers sent reports back home.
C:When the Northmen found America in about 1000.
D:Long before the year 1000.答案：D解析：首先找到“that hope”在文章中的位置：就是指第一段第二句中“…a genuine hope of a new life,”意思是：开始新生活的真诚希望。故选B。
从第二段第二句可知：很早以前，本上美国人就居住在这里。既然前一句说“美国文学 产生于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知美国文学产生于很早以前就居住这里的本土美国人的 生活经历。故选D。
由文章第一二段第三句话“Each tribe' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land.”可知，从美洲土著 部落的文学中，我们可以找到他们日常生活的写照。
文章最后一段的第一句“Experience, then, is the key to early American literature.”是本 段的主题句，说的是：经历是早期美国文学的关键因素。
文章最后一段中“These writers included Johon Smith , who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of them- selves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”意思是：这些文学家包括仅在美洲居住两年半的约翰·史密斯，还 有约翰逊·爱德华和维廉姆·白伊德。这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会 创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对 美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第16题：
共用题干
第一篇
The Beginning of American Literature
America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth
century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from
poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that
hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with Amnerican experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before
Christopher Columbus，before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,Native Americans
lived here. Each trilbe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daiiy life and reflected the unmistakably
American experience of lining with the land。Anoiher kind of experience,one filled with fear and excite-
ment,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain,French and
English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness tell
unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.
Experience,then,is the key to early American literature.The New World provided a great variety of
experiences,and these experiences deniauded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early
American writers.These wnters included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American
continent.They included Jonathlan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British sub-
jects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.
American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners一they are all the creators
of the first American literature.According to the last paragraph,which of the following statements is true about American literature?
A:Some British writers started American literature.
B:Early-day American literature is a reflection of the boring life then.
C:Some British writers had doubts about the future of American literature.
D:Some British writers had great confidence in the future of American literature.答案：D解析：首先找到“that hope”在文章中的位置：就是指第一段第二句中“…a genuine hope of a new life,”意思是：开始新生活的真诚希望。故选B。
从第二段第二句可知：很早以前，本上美国人就居住在这里。既然前一句说“美国文学 产生于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知美国文学产生于很早以前就居住这里的本土美国人的 生活经历。故选D。
由文章第一二段第三句话“Each tribe' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land.”可知，从美洲土著 部落的文学中，我们可以找到他们日常生活的写照。
文章最后一段的第一句“Experience, then, is the key to early American literature.”是本 段的主题句，说的是：经历是早期美国文学的关键因素。
文章最后一段中“These writers included Johon Smith , who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of them- selves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”意思是：这些文学家包括仅在美洲居住两年半的约翰·史密斯，还 有约翰逊·爱德华和维廉姆·白伊德。这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会 创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对 美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第17题：
共用题干
The Beginning of American Literature America has always been a land of beginnings.After Europeans"discovered"America in the fifteenth century,the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life,an escape from poverty and persecution,a chance to start again.We can say that,as a nation,America begins with that hope.When,however,does American literature begin?
American literature begins with American experiences.Long before the first colonists arrived,before Christopher Columbus,before the Northmen who"found"America about the year 1000,native Americans lived here.Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.Another kind of experience,one filled with fear and excitement,found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English.In addition,the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilder- ness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years. Experience,then, is the key to early American literature.
The New World provided a great variety of experiences,and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers.These writers included John Smith,who spent only two-and-a-half year on the American continent.
They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd,who thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.American Indians,explorers,Puritan ministers,frontier wives,plantation owners-they are all the creators of the first American literature.The main purpose of the last paragraph is to tell the readers that______.
A:in the early days most American writers were from Great Britain
B:people with rich life experience became writers
C:there were many writers in the early days of American history
D:early-day experience provided the foundation for American literature答案：D解析：由文章第一段第二句话“… a genuine hope of a new life …”可知，that hope指的是人们对在美洲新大陆开始新生活的希望。故选B。
由文章第二段第二句可知，早在大约公元1000年北欧人发现美洲之前，美洲土著居民就居住在这里。第一句说“美国文学来源于美国人的生活经历”，由此可知，美国文学产生于公元1000年前就居住在这里的美洲土著居民的生活经历。故选D。
由文章第二段第三句话“Each tribe ' s literature was tightly woven into the fabric of dail life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of linking with the land.”可知，美洲土部落的文学是他们日常生活的真实写照。故选A。
文章最后一段的第一句话“Experience , then , is the key to early American literature."本段的主题句，说的是：美洲的生活经历是美国早期文学产生的关键因素。故选D。
由文章最后一段第四句话“They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd , wh thought of themselves as British subjects,never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own.”可知，这两位自认为是大英帝国臣民的英国作家对一场将会创造出一个拥有自己文学的美利坚合众国的革命从来没有任何怀疑。可见，一些英国作家对美国文学的将来充满信心。故选D。 -
第18题：
共用题干
"Happy Birthday to You"
The main problem in discussing American popular culture is also one of its main characteristics:it
won't stay American.No matter what it is,whether it is films,food and fashion,music,casual sports or slang, it's soon at home elsewhere in the world.There are several theories why American popular culture has had
this appeal.
One theory is that it has been"advertised"and marketed through American films,popular music,and more
recently,television.________(46)They are,after all,in competition with those produced by other countries. Another theory,probably a more common one,is that American popular culture is internationally associ-
ted with something called"the spirit of America"._______(47)
The final theory is less complex:American popular culture is popular because a lot of people in the
world like it.
Regardless of why it spreads,American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in
many other countries.________(48)"Happy Birthday to You",for instance,is such an everyday song tha
its source,its American copyright,so to speak,is not remembered.Black leather jackets worn by many heroe
in American movies could be found,a generation later,on all those young men who wanted to make this manly-
look their own.
Two areas where this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music.Some people can
still remember a time when T-shirts,jogging clothes,tennis shoes,denim jackets,and blue jeans were not
common daily wear everywhere.Only twenty years ago,it was possible to spot an American in Paris by his or
her clothes.No longer so:Those bright colors,checkered jackets and trousers,hats and socks which were
once made fun of in cartoons are back again in Paris as the latest fashion._____(49)
The situation with American popular music is more complex because in the beginning,when it was still
clearly American,it was often strongly resisted.Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their
morals,and was actually outlawed in several countries.Today,while still showing its rather American roots,
has become so well established.Rock 'n' roll and all its variations,country & western music,all have moi
or less similar histories.They were first resisted,often in America as well,as being"low-class",and then:
"a danger to our nation's youth".______(50)And then the music became accepted and was extende
and developed,and exported back to the US.
46.________（46）
A.As a result,its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten.
B.But this theory fails to explain why American films,music,and television programs are so popular in then selves.
C.American in origin,informal clothing has become the world's first truly universal style.
D.The BBC,for example,banned rock and roll until 1962.
E.American food has become popular around the world,too.
F.This spirit is variously described as being young and free,optimistic and confident,informal and disrespectfu.________（48）
A:As a result,its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten.
B:But this theory fails to explain why American films,music,and television programs are so popular in then selves.
C:American in origin,informal clothing has become the world's first truly universal style.
D:The BBC,for example,banned rock and roll until 1962.
E:American food has become popular around the world,too.
F:This spirit is variously described as being young and free,optimistic and confident,informal and disrespectfu.答案：A解析：选项B中提到了“this theory"，且B项中的“American films , music , television programs”与后句中的They呼应，并且“美国电影、音乐、电视节目在和其他国家的同类产品竞争”意义衔接，因此B项为正确答案。
这句话解释了某一种“精神”-This spirit，那么在上文中应该提到过一种精神。第三段的第一句话就讲到了国际上都将美国流行文化和所谓“美国精神”联系在一起。这句话对这种精神作了描述。
在空前的句子“美国流行文化往往很快就被其他国家接受和移植”是说原因，后面就应该接结果。选项A以As a result开头，说明它说的是后果，故选A。
第六段主要讲的是美国服装的世界影响。C项说源自美国的休闲服饰成了世界上第一种真正的全球时尚。从内容看，我们应该在与服装有关的段落中找到填入这句话的空白处。
空格前句中看到“他们最初因······被拒绝”,“拒绝”与D项中的“banned”呼应，而D项放在空格处正好构成了“观点＋例子”的逻辑结构，因此D项为正确答案。 -
第19题：
typically represented the world pattern between the two world wars（）
AThe Versailles Treaty System
BThe Versailles Treaty System and the Washington Treaty System
CThe collapse of the German,Austro-Hungary and the Ottoman colonial systems
DBoth B and C
B
略 -
第20题：
单选题typically represented the world pattern between the two world wars（）AThe Versailles Treaty System
BThe Versailles Treaty System and the Washington Treaty System
CThe collapse of the German,Austro-Hungary and the Ottoman colonial systems
DBoth B and C
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第21题：
问答题Practice 1 France today is no superpower, but French influence in some spheres is significant. Nothing has cemented French influence in the world like the decision made by the victorious World War II powers in 1945 to include France as one of the five permanent, veto-wielding members of the Security Council. Until the end of the Cold War, France rarely found itself in disagreement with Britain or the U.S. on major issues. But the U. N. veto today takes on larger significance as France struggles to decide whether it wants to lead the European Union in defiance of American power or in partnership with it. As America’s great media outlets have begun preparing for coverage of the D-Day celebrations, the question of a “grand gesture” by the French toward the American war in Iraq, has been raised. Administration officials hint that. perhaps，just perhaps，the French President wm use the occasion of France's rescue as an opportunity to square the accounts—to issue a blanket endorsement of America 78 plan for Iraq’s future and throw its support behind the transfer of power looming at the end of the month. France certainly wants the United States-to be successful in Iraq at this point. But France seems unlikely to see D-Day as an opportunity to make good on a 60-year-old debt. Beyond nice speeches and some truly fine cuisine, don't expect France to liberate America from Iraq.正确答案： 【参考译文】
今天的法国并不是超级大国,但是法国在某些领域还是有着很大的影响力。使法国在世界上的影响力得以巩固的,莫过于第二次世界大战的战胜国在1945年作出的让法国成为联合国安理会五个可以行使否决权的常任理事国之一的决定。在冷战结束之前,法国在重大问题上很少与英国或美国发生分歧。但是由于法国在究竟是要挑战美国的势力还是与美国合作来领导欧盟一事上举棋不定,今天它在联合国拥有的否决权就变得更为重要。
随着美国各大传媒已开始准备报道纪念二次世界大战盟军在法国北部登陆日(1944年6月6日)的庆祝活动,人们提出了法国对美国在伊拉克的战争是否会表现出“高姿态”的问题。美国政府官员暗示,也许——仅仅是也许——法国总统会利用纪念法国获得拯救的机会来偿还欠美国的一笔债,即全面赞同美国关于伊拉克未来的计划,并对美国本月底向伊拉克临时政府移交权力给予支持。此刻,法国当然希望美国在伊拉克取得成功。但是法国似乎不大可能把登陆纪念日看成是一次偿还欠了60年债务的机会。除了听到漂亮的言辞和品尝些正宗的美味佳肴之外,别指望法国把美国从伊拉克解放出来。解析： 暂无解析 -
第22题：
问答题Passage 3 Certain barriers to foreign trade make selling in the international market a real challenge. Relatively few Americans are fluent in more than one language. (31)______, not all foreign traders speak English. (32)______, English is the second language in many countries, (33)______ is helping to lessen the language barrier. (34)______, an increasing number of Americans are learning a second language. Each nation has (35)______ peculiar social customs and business practices, which often serve as a hindrance to international trade. The Latin American Siesta—the long lunch hour (36)______ makes the workday longer—is not common (37)______ other ethnic groups. Many foreigners working in Latin American countries find this custom difficult to observe. For some, driving a car (38)______ the left hand side of the road is confusing. Removing your shoes to enter a residence or religious building is (39)______ unique custom. Strange and exotic foods sometimes create a diet problem for the new comer abroad. On the other hand, the American practice of one-stop shopping in shopping centers is becoming common practice in many foreign countries. One common foreign custom that has caused trouble is the “entry fee” or bribe that is often expected (40)______ dealing with foreign governments.正确答案： 31. and
逗号之前指出很少有美国人能流利地说一种以上的语言,而空缺后则提到不是所有的外商都说英语。这两部分都是在陈述语言作为国际商务障碍之一的表现,属于并列关系,因此填并列连词and。
32. However
前文讲述语言在国际商务交流中带来的不利因素,而紧接着又指出英语是许多国家的第二语言,两部分之间为转折关系,又因该空后又逗号隔开,因此填入转折副词however。
33. which
该句主要成分是“英语是许多国家的第二语言”,因此逗号之后是非限定性定语从句修饰前面所指代的内容,因此应用which引导。
34. Also
上句指出由于英语是很多国家的第二语言,因此语言障碍的问题得到缓解。该句指出“越来越多的美国人在学习第二门语言”,与前文是递进的关系,因此填Also。
35. its
该句主谓宾齐全,需填入一个词来修饰宾语,因此应该填its,指代主语nation,表明“每个国家都有自己独特的社会风俗和商业惯例”。
36. that
破折号之间的内容是对主语Latin American Siesta的解释说明,可知the long lunch hour之后的内容为一个定语从句,因此可由that引导。
37. to
be common to为惯用搭配,意为“是…所共有/共用”,文中指“Latin American Siesta不是其他民族所共有的”。siesta(气候炎热国家的)午睡,午休。因此应填入to。
38. on
该处考查介词和名词搭配。side经常与介词on连用,on the left hand side意为“在左手边”,文中指“沿着左手边开车”,因此要用介词on。
39. another
上文提到在拉美国家,许多外国人感到遵守当地习俗很困难,并且给出了沿着左手边开车的例子。该句描述了走进一所住宅或宗教场所时要脱鞋的习俗,可知本句是在列举另一个独特风俗,答案为another。
40. when
该处描述又一个习俗,即和政府打交道要被收“entry fee”,因此应用when引导一个条件状语从句。解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
问答题Practice 3 On his 10-day trip to Asia this week, President George W. Bush is likely to get a polite reception for his ambitious agenda. He wants to rally allies to the war on terror, the confrontation with North Korea and the expansion of transpacific trade. He’ll be asking Japan and China to allow their currencies to get stronger, so they will find it cheaper to buy more goods from struggling US manufacturers. Neither the Japanese nor the Chinese will say no outright, but they won’t say yes, either. Below the polite ambiguities, something disturbing is happening, at least from an American viewpoint. For all its military power, political clout and economic might, America could be losing its influence in what is arguably the most dynamic region of the world. Big changes are happening in Asia, for which America’s policies are increasingly out of step. Washington’s preoccupations—-the mess in Iraq, the jobless recovery and the escalating fiscal deficit at home—are not Asia’s preoccupations. When Bush looks into the future, he sees an American Century with a troubled story line dominated by the fight against terror. When Asians look into the future, they see an Asian Century dominated by rising prosperity and the emergence of China, with terror a minor subplot.正确答案： 【参考译文】
在于本周开始的十天亚洲之行期间,布什总统雄心勃勃的计划很可能得到彬彬有礼的回应。他希望亚洲盟国加入到反恐战争、与朝鲜对抗以及扩大太平洋两岸贸易的进程中来。他将要求日本和中国提高本国货币汇率,使两国民众能用更低的价格从身处困境的美国制造商手中购买更多商品。日本和中国都不会断然拒绝,但也不会表示同意。从美国的角度看,这种礼貌但模棱两可的答复背后隐藏着令人忧虑的问题。
尽管美国拥有强大的军事、政治和经济实力,但在世界上最有活力的亚洲地区,它的影响力可能正在减弱。亚洲正在发生巨变,而美国的政策越来越难以跟上它的步调。华盛顿担心的问题——伊拉克的烂摊子、国内失业率上升和财政赤字的扩大——对亚洲来说并非当务之急。当布什展望未来时,他看到的是一个以反恐战争为主线的美国世纪。当亚洲人展望未来时,他们看到的是一个亚洲世纪,其主线是经济的蓬勃发展和中国的崛起,而反恐战争只是细枝末节。解析： 暂无解析