参考答案和解析
正确答案：
object→objects
解析：
根据后面的列举可知不只由一个object，所以要用复数。
根据后面的列举可知不只由一个object，所以要用复数。
更多“____”相关问题
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第1题：
填空题____正确答案： if→删除if解析：
even if后面必须跟从句，表示“即使”之意。even修饰名词，表示让步。 -
第2题：
填空题____正确答案： object→objects解析：
根据后面的列举可知不只由一个object，所以要用复数。 -
第3题：
单选题Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?AStock markets in Europe and America have dropped considerably.
BThere may be a wider financial crisis in case of Greek default.
CA further round of selling has been under way.
DPortugal has seen credit rating downgraded.
正确答案： C解析：
细节判断题。由新闻材料可知，很多大型投资基金禁止债券持有者持有垃圾债券，并表示此行为可能会引发新一轮的购买。因此可推断出，另一轮购买并不存在，只是假设情况，选项C与原文内容相矛盾，故C项为正确答案。
【听力原文】
Stock markets in Europe and the United States have fallen sharply in response to further signs that the debt crisis in Greece is intensifying and could spread to other countries. Share prices in New York, London, Frankfurt and Paris fell by more than 2％ after a major international credit rating agency Standard & Poor’s downgraded Greek debt to a level known informally as junk.
Standard & Poor’s downgraded its assessment of Greek bonds to the so-called junk status because of the growing danger that the bond holders will not be paid back in full. Many big investment funds have rules that forbid them from holding junk bonds, says the move is likely to trigger a further round of selling. Share markets have taken fright, fearing that if Greece does default on its debts, it would hit many European banks which hold Greek bonds and could trigger a wider financial crisis. Already pressure is mounting on Portugal which has also seen its credit rating downgraded today, although it remains above junk status. -
第4题：
问答题Some people think that financial disparity affects friendship. What do you think? The following article is discussing this issue. Read it carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the main opinion of the article; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. When people with money are friends with people of modest means the disparities don’t typically end with the bank accounts. One person in the friendship often feels less comfortable than the other, and it tends to be the one with less money—the friend who can’t afford to join the group at the restaurant or go on the weekend trip, the one whose share may be paid for by the others. “It doesn’t disturb the rich ones to pay,” says Horst Heidbrink, a psychology lecturer at the distance learning University of Hagen. “The rich person thinks they’re being caring. But the poorer person feels under pressure to be particularly nice.” But a lack of balance puts pressure on many friendships. Aristotelian ethics would suggest dealing with the imbalance with increased devotion by the friend with less. Friendship expert Horst Heidbrink says he wouldn’t recommend this, but his research has shown him that the give and take between friends has to be balanced. Friendships between rich and poor people are not as unusual as one might think. In a 2014 study by the Bremen-based Allensbach Institute, 1,624 people of different ages were asked about their friendships. Forty-four percent of respondents said they had friends who were considerably better off than they were. And 41% said they were friends with people who were considerably less well off than they were. And yet that old saying to the effect that money issues can put an end to friendship still holds for many. According to the study, friends helped each other out with moving house and renovation work, offered an ear when needed and doled out advice. But only 10% ever accepted significant loans from their richer friends. “Many people believe that borrowing money would weigh the friendship down,” Heidbrink says. “Most people would rather go to their parents because family relationships don’t depend on symmetry as much as friendships do.” Nevertheless, he says, “A good friendship can also withstand a credit.” Although friendships between men and women are vulnerable because they are defined by different activities. With their male friends, men play sports, for example, while women and their girlfriends often just talk when they get together. “That’s where it gets harder to leave out financial situations, and there’s more comparing,” says Heidbrink. On the other hand, when two guys play soccer together, it’s not an issue if one returns to a villa and the other to a low-rent apartment. “What counts is trust,” Heidbrink says. When trust isn’t justified—when a friend refuses to help or betrays confidences—then friendships fall apart. They don’t fall apart because one person has a lot of money in the bank and the other doesn’t. If the less well-off don’t suffer from jealousy or envy, and the better-off don’t take it too much to heart if their best friend can’t join them on that spa trip, there’s a good chance of a successful friendship.正确答案：
【参考范文】
Money Don’t Make True Friends Go The passage above believes that financial disparity, to a certain extent, affects friendship and the less well-off person would feel under pressure. In a friendship, the one with less money can’t afford a group outing or a weekend trip, and in the long run, he or she may feel estranged from their richer friends. However, as mentioned by the friendship expert Heidbrink in the passage, a long lasting friendship depends crucially on trust, rather than financial equality.
Personally, I share the same idea with Heidbrink that mutual trust and understanding are indispensable for a successful friendship. There is no denying that economic disparity does make the life qualities different, but whether it can greatly affect a relationship deserves more discussion. It is not responsible at all to say that there can be a sense of insecurity and worthlessness if you associate with someone making more money, and consequently the friendship between the two will be unavoidably undermined. We can find around us a great number of people are in their own friendships with at least one richer people and they are pretty happy to be together. Friendship is not only a matter of money, but compromise, patience, and support. Money is something one can get through hard work, but successful friendship needs cultivation, great care and mutual understanding and one can get overwhelming support from a friend. If a friendship is truly sincere and supportive, he would sure to be considerate and would like to make necessary compromises. Both parties in a friendship should reflect their feelings about money and material things when they have some money-spurred differences. For example, if one can overcome his or her jealousy over a friend’s wealth and the newly affluent people feel no guilty about the changes and they would like to help their less wealthy friends, then the friendship between them can sure be everlasting.
Despite the little effects caused by financial disparity, a successful friendship is mainly determined by honesty and trust.解析：
【审题构思】
本文是一篇评论，文章针对经济差距对友谊的影响展开论述。前三段通过数据说明经济差距的确会影响友谊，之后举例论证有些友谊是不受经济差距影响的，最后明确指出“信任”才是友谊得以稳固的关键。根据题目的要求，考生可采取以下的布局：
第一段：引出话题，总结两方观点。
第二段：并提出自己的见解，即同意文章的论点，并就此展开论述。指出友谊需要包容、妥协、相互支持，真正的友谊能够把克服经济差距造成的经济紧张。
第三段：总结全文，重申真正的友谊是建立在相互信任的基础上的。 -
第5题：
单选题In first two paragraphs, the author implies that______.Aa scientist may be confused what science means.
Byoung people have not done much work in laboratory.
Cpeople who said young people should be scientifically educated have the tight idea on science.
Da philosopher is also a scientist.
正确答案： D解析：
推断题由文章可知，科学的第二个定义是：科学是一种通过对事实的观察进行逻辑推理，从而得出可靠结论的思考方法。结合上下文不难看出，作者是支持第二个定义的；根据他所列举的人们对于科学含混的概念可以推测出，作者认为科学的教育实际上是教会人进行严密的思考；哲学显然符合这些对科学的界定，故D项正确。由第二段首句可排除A项；尾句可排除C项；B项在文中没有提及，故排除。因此答案为D项。 -
第6题：
问答题In the past few decades,“generation gap” has become a quite popular phrase, signifying the barrier between parents and children. But what has caused the barrier, why do people living together disagree with each other? Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic:Who Has Dug The Generation Gap? In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
Who Has Dug the Generation Gap? Since its invention, the phrase generation gap has spread all over the world in almost an instant. In the past few decades, although human beings are striving toward more common goals, the gap between parents and children seems to be widening. It is high time that we thought about the causes of this prevailing trouble.
The most important reason is that parents and children hold different values. With the constant development of technology, social values are also undergoing continuous changes. Because parents and children belong to quite different times, they naturally belong to different value groups, and this in turn leads to the barrier between different generations. For example, our parents living in the 1960s think that people should cherish their membership in their groups, and should adapt themselves to their groups, but we emphasize individual values and are ready to leave our groups at any moment in search of a better one. It is unlikely for people holding different values to agree on everything in life, and the barrier is, therefore, also unavoidable.
Another important reason for the generation barrier is lack of communication. A good talk can sometimes dissolve the disagreement between people with different values, but the trouble is that there is not enough communication. With the ever increasing pressure in work and life, parents are spending less effort and time with children; the children, faced with heavy study load or various distractions such as IV plays and computer games, are also spending less time with their parents. This results in a lack, or an inability, of communication when it is necessary.
Besides these two general reasons, there may be some special cases. According to a recent report, about 5 per cent of generation gap results from irresponsible parents. Some parents, especially those without good education, tend to evade the duty of raising and caring their children. The same report also reveals that about 3 percent of the problem results from problematic children who consistently refuse parents~ help. This type of cases represents only a small portion, but the problem is often more serious.
In a word, except for some special cases, barriers come into being either because the two parties involved embrace too different values or because they are not talking to each other often enough. After finding out the reasons, we may know that it is wrong to blame parents or children for the barriers, and we should mainly encourage communication, for if parents and children can talk to each other more, barriers will have less opportunity to stay.解析： 本文要求分析父母与子女之间产生隔阂的原因，属于因果关系的说明文。文章引言段采用了开门见山的方式，直接以代沟开始。Thesis statement用的是It is high time that we thought…，婉转但仍然达到了目的。正文段的衔接词很好地体现了各要点间的主次关系，用得非常恰当。结论段虽然提到三个要点，其实质是在强调前面两个，更强化了文章的衔接。因为是谈问题的原因，所以结尾处的最终评论就采用解决方法，非常自然协调。 -
第7题：
单选题The statement that children learn by imitation is incomplete because _____.Athey only imitate authorities and experts
Bthey are not willing to copy their parents
Cthe process of identification has been ignored
Dthe nature of their imitation as a form of behavior has been neglected
正确答案： B解析：
作者指出儿童不仅是看样学样而且通常选择一个值得仿效的榜样来模仿，还找寻办法解决自己遇到的问题。由此可见“儿童通过模仿进行学习”的提法是片面的，因为它只注重看样学样的表面现象，故D项正确。 -
第8题：
填空题____正确答案： and→although解析：
这里的两个分句是转折关系，不是并列关系。 -
第9题：
填空题____正确答案： differ→distinguish解析：
differ表示“有区别”，这里要用distinguish，表示“区分，找出……的差别”。 -
第10题：
问答题What does the word “piquant” in the last paragraph probably mean?正确答案： Interesting.解析：
语义理解题。文章首段提到，在Virginius看来，妻子除了缺少一点令人心动的脆弱之外可以说是堪称完美。之后又表示这样的完美减少了很多乐趣，尤其是爱情的乐趣。文章尾段与首段相互呼应，提到即便是最不挑剔的丈夫也希望妻子具有一些piquant的品质，而不仅仅是善良。由此可以推断，piquant应该是一种让人觉得有趣的品质，而Victoria所缺少的正是这种品质。 -
第11题：
单选题The author proposes that in teaching science history, educators should not neglect contributions made by______.Apeople who applied scientists’ ideas.
Bscientists as individuals.
Cscientists as a group.
D“giants” who stand on one another’s shoulders.
正确答案： B解析：
推断题作者在文章倒数第二段倒数第二句指出，无论在哪种情况下，学生们都无从得知那些将原始想法转化为各类实际应用的个体或机构中间人的真实身份，而这些实际应用远远超出了科学家的最初想法。由此可见，作者认为教师们不应该忽略那些将观点转化为实际应用的人所作出的贡献，选项A与之相符。B、C两项均不合语境，可排除。D项所提到的是备受关注的群体，不合题意，可排除。故答案为A项。 -
第12题：
填空题____正确答案： instead∧on→of解析：
instead of是固定结构，表示“而不是”。 -
第13题：
填空题____正确答案： collection解析：
根据录音内容可知，论文中采用的科学方法是先提出假设，再收集证据来验证或推翻假设。题目要求填入名词，故用collect的名词形式collection。序列词之后的信息为常考点，考生应多加注意。 -
第14题：
单选题We get the impression that Virginius is a man of______.Aharmless vanity.
Bprofound knowledge.
Chigh aspiration.
Dimmovable confidence.
正确答案： B解析：
细节题。通读文章后可知，全文都没有提及Virginius无伤大雅的虚荣、渊博的知识和坚定的自信，故A、B、D三项均可排除。文章第二段第四句提到，作为一个严肃认真，拥有雄心壮志的男人，Virginius想要获得比先辈更高的地位，因此第一次见面时他就被Victoria缜密的思维和精确的条理打动了。由此可见Virginius是个很有抱负的人，故答案为C项。 -
第15题：
问答题What makes funeral business a strange industry?正确答案： Family operators or independents take a large proportion in funeral business.解析：
细节题。由题干关键词可定位到文章第二段。该段第二句冒号后的内容解释了殡葬服务业是一个奇特产业的原因，即85％的殡仪馆是归家族或独立的公司所有。 -
第16题：
问答题Nowadays more young people can enjoy university education than in the past, but they are faced with another problem: job hunting. Most graduates find it hard to find a satisfactory job, and some have to stay jobless for several years. What do you think may have caused this problem? Write a composition of about 400 words to explain your point of view. The title has been provided for you.Problems in university students' job hunting In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a toss of marks.正确答案：
Problems in university students' job hunting Many years ago, most young people could not go to university because university only accepted a small amount of students. To their delight, young people now find it easier to go to university, but to their dismay, they also find it harder to find jobs. How come university students, who are intelligent, ambitious and knowledgeable, have difficulty in finding jobs? There are several reasons to account for this problem.
One important reason is that nowadays university students pursue too high a goal. Most of them dream to work in office buildings, and hold contempt for jobs in places where things are made or sold. Some care too much about some minor factors, such as salary, location or comfortableness of the working place. Because of these, students usually narrow down their selections, thus making it harder to find a proper job. For example, most students want to work in cities or in coastal areas, such as Shanghai, Beijing or Guangzhou. Although talents are badly needed in some western provinces, the graduates are unwilling to go there. This naturally makes it hard to find a job in some areas and hard to find a talent in some other areas.
Another reason is that the majors some students study in universities do not fit in with the demands of the vacant jobs. As the society is developing so quickly, university cannot catch up with it and offer courses to satisfy all requirements. Besides, there are some majors where not many graduates are needed but are admitting many students each year. When these students graduate, they may find that there are almost no vacancies that really need their knowledge. Majors like history or philosophy are examples of this type.
The last reason is that some employers raise too strict requirements on graduates. Because students stay on campus, most of them do not have time to work. But most companies just want to employ people with at least two-year working experience. This can keep many students from applying for the jobs. Some employers also just want boys, and then the girls will lose the chance of applying for the jobs.
From the above discussion, we can see that students, universities, and employers should all be responsible for the problems in the job market. To solve the problem, graduates should hold reasonable expectations, university should offer courses to meet the latest requirements of the society and flexibly adjust admission policy, and employers should raise sensible requirements on candidates. If all these three parties make joint efforts, university students will soon find that finding a job is not as hard as they expected.解析：
这道题要求谈论原因，即why it is hard for university students to find a job。作者从学生个人的期望值过高、学校课程陈旧和雇主要求太高三个方面进行了阐述，要点合理恰当。引言段采用对照法开头，用一个问题引出讨论主题，保证了文章中心思想的清晰明了。正文段中，作者按照个人、学校、社会三个方面的顺序安排要点，符合由小到大的顺序，保证了文章的通顺。论据方面，除了推理以外，我们还可以发现很多例子，这就增强了文章的说服力。 -
第17题：
填空题____正确答案： half∧of→those解析：
这里those指代前面的blood cholesterol levels。 -
第18题：
填空题____正确答案： planet∧had→which/ that或had→having/ with解析：
此处为修饰先行词a planet的定语。 -
第19题：
填空题____正确答案： went∧for→on或went→lasted解析：
go只有加on才可表示“延续，持续”之意。 -
第20题：
填空题____正确答案： Nevertheless→Therefore/ Consequently解析：
此处表达的应为因果关系，而非转折关系。 -
第21题：
填空题____正确答案： error-free解析：
此题涉及避免错误的第一点建议。首先就是要妥善使用零错误口语规则，根据题意可知答案为error-free。 -
第22题：
填空题____正确答案： equally→删除equally或more→删除more解析：
equally和more不能连用。 -
第23题：
填空题____正确答案： self-education/ on-the-job training解析：
此题涉及讲座中的另个话题，即如何成为专家。录音中关于此话题，演讲者谈到了通过学校教育、自学、在职训练或其他渠道汲取专业知识。题目中出现etc.，因此只需填入其中一项即可。故知答案为self-education或on-the-job training。列举之处是常考点，记笔记时应多注意。 -
第24题：
问答题音乐保存极为有限，传播距离和传播方向也极为有限。当人类发明了乐谱后，音乐便开始脱离表演，演变成“文字”得以记录和传播。然而，人类音乐传播的真正革命性里程碑的建立者无疑是科学家们。他们创造了令人叹为观止的音乐传播手段，从最早的机械“留声机”到今天五花八门的“电子媒体”，音乐的传播变得如此便捷，如此高保真。正确答案：
【参考译文】
There was a severe limitation to the extent of music preservation, as well as to the distance and directions of music transmission. When mankind invented musical scores, music started to break away from the boundaries of being merely a performing art, and develop into a system of “written symbols” that can be recorded and spread. Undoubtedly, however, it was the scientists who should be crowned as the founders of the real revolutionary milestone of human musical communication. Scientists invented marvelous means of music transmission, from the earliest mechanical “record turntable” to today’s many kinds of “electronic media”. Music transmission has become something that is amazingly convenient, fast, and hi-fi supported!解析： 暂无解析