Thomas Hardy's impulses as a writer, all of which he indulged in his novels, were numerous and divergent, and they did not always work together in harmony. Hardy was to some degree interested in exploring his characters' psychologies, though impelled less
题目
Thomas Hardy's impulses as a writer, all of which he indulged in his novels, were numerous and divergent, and they did not always work together in harmony. Hardy was to some degree interested in exploring his characters' psychologies, though impelled less by curiosity than by sympathy. Occasionally he felt the impulse to comedy (in all its detached coldness) as well as the impulse to farce, but he was more often inclined to see tragedy and record it. He was also inclined to literary realism in the several senses of that phrase. He wanted to describe ordinary human beings; he wanted to speculate on their dilemma rationally (and, unfortunately, even schematically); and he wanted to record precisely the material universe. Finally, he wanted to be more than a realist. He wanted to transcend what he considered to be the banality of solely recording things exactly and to express as well his awareness of the occult and the strange.
In his novels these various impulses were sacrificed to each other inevitably and often. Inevitably, because Hardy did not care in the way that novelists such as Flaubert or James cared, and therefore took paths of least resistance. Thus, one impulse often surrendered to a fresher one and, unfortunately, instead of exacting a compromise, simply disappeared. A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give way abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower. In this instance, the new impulse was at least an energetic one, and thus its indulgence did not result in a relaxed style. But on other occasions Hardy abandoned a perilous, risky, and highly energizing impulse in favor of what was for him the fatally relaxing impulse to classify and schematize abstractly. When a relaxing impulse was indulged, the style. —that sure index of an author's literary worth —was certain to become verbose. Hardy's weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones. He submitted to first one and then another, and the spirit blew where it listed; hence the unevenness of any one of his novels. His most controlled novel, Under the Greenwood Tree, prominently exhibits two different but reconcilable impulses —a desire to be a realist-historian and a desire to be a psychologist of love —but the slight interlockings of plot are not enough to bind the two completely together. Thus even this book splits into two distinct parts.
The most appropriate title for the passage could be ______.
A．Under the Greenwood Tree: Hardy's Ambiguous Triumph
B．The Real and the Strange: the Novelist's Shifting Realms
C．Hardy's Novelistic Impulses: the Problem of Control
D．Divergent Impulses: the Issue of Unity in the Novel
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第1题：
Peter liked music very much when he was at school, but when he went to the university,he decided to study medicine instead. After he passed the examinations and became a doctor, he had to work in a hospital for some time. There he discovered that a lot of patients were happier and less worried about their illnesses if they could hear pleasant music. When Peter became a surgeon and began to work for himself, he decided to keep his patients happy by having a tape recorder in his waiting room, playing beautiful music for them. But soon after the tape recorder was put in the waiting room, Peter’s nurse heard a woman who was sitting in the crowded waiting room one morning complain, "Here we’re all waiting to see the doctor, and he’s just playing the piano in his office instead of doing his work!"
31. Peter liked music when he was at school.
A. T B. F
32. Peter had to pass some examinations after he became a doctor.
A. T B. F
33. Peter decided to play music for his patients because he couldn’t leave music.
A. T B. F
34. Peter put a recorder in his waiting room.
A. T B. F
35. The woman complained because she thought Peter wasn’t working.
A. T B. F
参考答案：ABBAA
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第2题：
共用题干
第三篇
More Than a Ride to School
The National Education Association claims,"The school bus is a mirror of the
community."They further add that,unfortunately,what appears on the exterior does not
always reflect the reality of a chosen community.They are right—sometimes it reflects
more!Just ask Liesl Denson.Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for
Liesl.
Bruce Hardy,school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been Liesl's bus driver
since kindergarten.Last year when Liesl's family moved to Parkesburg,knowing her bus
went by her new residence,she requested to ride the same bus.
This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus.She says,"It's
been a great ride so far!My bus driver is so cool and has h lways been a good friend and a
good listener. Sometimes when you're a child adults do not think that what you have to say
is important.Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel
important."Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree.
Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975.This year he
will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company.Larry Althouse,president of the
company,acknowledges Bruce Hardy's outstanding record:"You do not come by
employees like Bruce these days.He has never missed a day of work and has a perfect
driving record.He was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for
driving 350,000 accident free miles.Hardy's reputation is made further evident through the
relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus."
Althouse further adds,"Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has
been providing quality transportation ever since.My grandfather started the business with
one bus.Althouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and
safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide
quality service for many more years to come."
Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed.Thanks to drivers
like Bruce Hardy,they have been building relationships through generations.Liesl's mother
Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardy's bus to the Octorara School District.Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy?
A:He is popular with his passengers.
B:He has never missed a day of work.
C:He is an impatient person.
D:He has driven 350, 000 accident free miles.答案：C解析： -
第3题：
共用题干
第二篇
Lawrence Curry
When I tell people my name,they always ask me if I'm related to Lawrence Curry,the novelist,and when I say,yes,he was my great-uncle,they always want to know what he was like. "We've read all his books,"they say,"but please tell us what he was really like."When I described him,as I knew him,they go disappointed.It seems that they find it difficult to accept such a great figure could have had such an ordinary character.
My great-uncle was tall,with a long thin body.When he walked,he moved stiffly,with his arms clamped against his sides,looking like nothing so much as a pair of scissors.When I knew him,his hair as quite white,though it was supposed to have been yellow when he was young. His eyes were blue and deep set and had an anxious look about them as if he found the world a puzzling place.This expression of anxiety,which arose from nothing more than short-sight一he refused to wear glasses一inspire the protective instincts of his lady admirers,much to the irritation my great-aunt who thought all women were fools,except herself.
Great-uncle Curry was naturally lazy. He spent a great deal of his time in the village pub playing darts.He was also a compulsive reader from the local telephone directory to great-aunt's shopping lists.For a man whose book showed such a deep perception of the complexities of human behavior, his conversation was surprisingly trivial.He delighted in discussing English weather,the price of beer,his grandchildren's most amusing words.
He loved gossip,but he was kind.I never heard him make a malicious remark,but the wisdom of his writing never appeared in his conversation.As a child,we much preferred the company of his cousin,Stanly,who was a successful shop-owner who always brought us bags of sugar and broken biscuits.Taking it all in all,I have to admit my famous great-uncle was rather a bore.Lawrence Curry's cousin was much preferred by kids for__________.
A:he often brought kids something they liked to eat
B:he was an interesting man
C:he was a rich businessman
D:he loved kids more than Lawrence did答案：A解析：根据文章第一段最后一句：" It seems that they find it difficult to accept such a great figure could have had such an ordinary character.”由此可以判断人们失望是因为他们很难接受这样一个伟大的人物居然是这样一个普通人，所以选B。
第二段第五句提到：" This expression of anxiety , which arose from nothing more than short-sight"，他焦虑的神情来自于他的近视，所以选C“他视力不好”。 arise在文中的意思是“起因于······，由······产生”。
第二段第五句提到：" This expression of anxiety...inspire the protective in-stincts of his lady admirers" , inspire意为“激发”' protective instinct意为“保护的本能”。所以选 B，即让他的女性崇拜者想要保护他。
文章的后两段指出了劳伦斯是一个天生懒惰、无聊的人，有强迫阅读症，只有D“劳伦斯是一个幽默的人”这点在全文都没有提及，所以选D。
文章的最后一段提到：" Stanly , who...who always brought us bags of sugar and broken biscuits"，小孩子更喜欢叔祖父的表兄是因为他总带给他们糖和饼干，都是孩子爱吃的东西，所以B正确。 -
第4题：
共用题干
Father's Day:All Happy Families Are Alike
Some writers are so consumed by their art that their families are eclipsed,while other writers manage an enviable closeness with their loved ones.On the occasion of Father's Day,RBTH recalls what kind of fathers the great Russian writers were and what became of their children.
Leo Tolstoy,the giant of Russian literature,and his wife Sofia had 13 children,five of whom died in childhood.Tolstoy was very attentive to his family,but as his daughter Tatyana recalled, "________(46)"Tolstoy was more interested in them when they had grown up a little,when he would play with them and tell them stories.
His love for his family did not deter the Count and prominent writer from giving away his property to the poor,________(47)The youngest daughter Alexandra became closest of all to Tolstoy, and she became the literary executor of his estate.
Today there are more than 400 descendants of Tolstoy,the most famous of which is the writer Tatyana Tolstaya and her son Artemy Lebedev,a designer and popular blogger. Vladimir Tolstoy is the director of the"Yasnaya Polyana"Museum on the Tolstoy family estate,________(48)
Four children were born to the jewel in the crown of Russian literature,the poet Alexander Pushkin,and his wife Natalya: daughters Maria and Natalya and sons Alexander and Grigory. Pushkin became distraught（忧心如焚的）when he first saw his daughter Maria. Considering himself unattractive and finding her to resemble him,________(49)But he was worrying unduly.
Maria grew into a pretty young girl and a future lady-in-waiting（侍女）to the Empress, and some say that Tolstoy even gave her likeness to Anna Karenina. His eldest son Alexander emerged as a hero of the Russian-Turkish war and attained the rank of general,while the youngest son Grigory became a magistrate（法官）.
Pushkin's youngest daughter,the beautiful Natalya,was born just eight months before her father's fateful duel. She became the morganatic（非皇室的）spouse of the Prussian Prince Nikolai. Maria and Grigory did not have children,while Alexander fathered 13,and Natalya six.________ (50)_______（48）
A:he was deeply anxious for the little girl.
B:which caused some tension within the family.
C:Today more than 200 descendants of Pushkin live around the world.
D:Russian is famous for her many literary giants.
E:he never showed tenderness to the very small children.
F:where the descendants hold family reunions every two years.答案：F解析：空格后面提到“Tolstoy was more interested in them when they had grown up a little”,“托尔斯泰对年长点的孩子更关心”，they指孩子们，可以推测他对幼小的孩子较少呵护，所以E符合题意。
第三段空格前提到托尔斯泰爱家人，但这并不妨碍他把自己的财产送给穷人，他这样做的结果自然会家里人不快，即引起家庭内部的一些紧张关系，所以选B。Count：勋爵。
空格前面是个完整的句子，后面接非限定性定语从句，表示地点，即家族成员每隔两年在那里聚会。因此选项F正确。
空格后面的句子“But he was worrying unduly”表明他很担心，前面应该是他（普希金）具体的担心，由于自己长得并不英俊，而女儿又很像他，他担心女儿的相貌，因此选A
前面段落在谈论托尔斯泰的家庭时，最后提到他的家族目前的人数，可以预期作者也会提到普希金家族的人口，最后一段前面几句在详细讲述了普希金后代的情况后自然会谈到这一点，因此选项C最恰当。 -
第5题：
共用题干
Man of Few Words
Everyone chases success,but not all of us want to be famous.
South African writer John Maxwell Coetzee is______(51)for keeping to himself.When the 63-year-old man was named the 2003 Nobel Prize winner for literature,reporters were warned that they would find him"particularly difficult to______（52)".
Coetzee lives in Australia but spends part of the year teaching at the University of Chicago.He seemed ______(53)by the news that he won the US $1.3 million prize.
"It came as a complete surprise.I wasn't even aware they were due to make the announcement,"he said.His_______(54)of privacy led to doubts as to whether Coetzee will attend prize-giving in Stockholm, Sweden,on December 10.But despite being described as_______(55)to track down,the critics agree that his writing is easy to get to know.
Born in Cape Town,South Africa,to an English-speaking family,Coetzee______(56)his break- through in 1980 with the novel"Waiting for the Barbarians".He_______(57)his place among the wor1d's leading writers with two Booker prize victories,Britain's highest honour for novels.He first _______(58)in 1983 for the Life and Times of Michael K and his second title came in 1999 for Disgrace.
A major theme in his work is South Africa's former apartheid system,which divided whites from blacks. _______(59)with the problems of violence,crime and racial division that still exist in the country,his books have enabled ordinary people to understand apartheid_______(60)within."I have always been more interested in the past than the future,"he said in a rare interview.
"The past_______(61)its shadow over the present.I hope I have made one or two people think _______(62)about whether they want to forget the past completely."In fact,this purity in his writing seems to be______(63)in his personal life.Coetzee is a vegetarian,a cyclist rather than a motorist and he doesn't drink alcohol.But what he has______(64)to literature,culture and the people of South Africa is far greater than the things he has given up."In looking at weakness and failure in life,"the Noble prize judging panel said,"Coetzee's work_______(65)the divine spark in man."56._________
A:forced
B:caused
C:made
D:did答案：C解析：be well-known for keeping to himself意思是“以很少与人来往为大家所熟知”，符合句意。
come across , run into , bump into在语义上都有某种“偶然性”，意思是“偶然遇见”，不符合句意。particularly difficult to catch意思是“特别难找到他”，符合句意。
由后面一句话“It came as a complete surprise.”可知，Goetzee觉得这个奖来得很突然。联系上下文，可推测出当Goetzee得知他获得了诺贝尔奖时，他觉得很震惊。D项符合句意。
此处需要一个名词。like作“喜欢”解时是动词；devote是“奉献”的意思，是动词；attract 是“吸引”的意思，是动词。love既可作动词，也可作名词，因此C为正确答案。
该句意思是：尽管人们认为很难找到Goetzee，但是评论家一致认为他的作品很容易理解。despite引导的是一种反向对比，主句中有easy，那么该处应是它的反义词difficult。因此A 为正确答案。
make a breakthrough是固定搭配，意思是“取得突破”。C项符合句意。
to take one's place是固定说法，是“占据一席之地，跻身于”的意思。C项符合句意。
这个句子里没有宾语，因此需要一个不及物动词，在这四个动词中，只有“won”既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。其他三个词均为及物动词，所以C为正确答案。
除了deal外，handle , solve和remove后都不跟with。因此A为正确答案。
该句意思是：在处理这个国家依然存在的暴力、犯罪和种族隔离问题时，他的书能使一般人从内部理解种族隔离制度。“从……角度”常用from。因此D为正确答案。
cast its shadow on/over是固定说法，是“使不快，（在心理上）投下阴影”的意思。D项符合句意。
think twice是固定说法，是“再三考虑，慎重思考”的意思。B项符合句意。
这两个句子意思是：事实上，Coetzee作品中的这种纯洁性似乎也反映在他的个人生活之中。他是一个吃素食的人，他骑车而不开车，并且他也不喝酒。nuirror作动词时，是“反映” 的意思，符合句意。
从下文“far greater than the things he has given up（比他放弃的东西要多得多）”来看，应选择contributed。该句意思是：但是，他对文学、文化、南非人民所做出的贡献比他放弃的东西要多得多。A项符合句意。
该句意思是：Goetzee的作品表现了人类的非凡才华。express意思是“表达，表现”，符合句意。 -
第6题：
Popular British author,Charles Dickens′（1812--1870）family could hardly make ends meet.They could only afford to send one of their six children to school.Dickens was not that child.His parents chose to send a daughter,who had a talent for music,to an academy.Then at the age of 12,Dickens′life took another turn for the worse.
His father,a clerk,was placed in prison for unpaid debts.And,being the oldest male left at home,Dickens took up work at a factory.His horrible experience there became the fuel for his future writing.His father was freed three months later and inherited a small amount of money.Dickens was then sent to school.
From 1836 to 1837,he wrote a monthly series of stories.Thus The Pickwick,Papers,came into being,which brought fame to him.
Throughout his career,Dickens covers various situations in his novels.He wrote about the miserable lives of the poor in Oliver Twist,the French Revolution in Tale of Two Cities,and social reform in Hard Times.He also wrote David Copperfield,a book thought to be modeled on his own life.
"I do not write bitterly or angrily,for I know all these things have worked together to make me what I am,"he once said.His difficult childhood did indeed shape the person he became,as well as his writing career.There are shades of young Dickens in many of his most beloved characters,including David Copperfield and Oliver Twist.
Like the author,all these characters come from poor beginnings and are able to rise above their setbacks and achieve success."Minds,like bodies,will often fall into an ill-conditioned state from too much comfort,"he once wrote.On June 9th,1870,aged 58,Dickens died,leaving one unfinished work.The words on his tombstone read:"He was a sympathizer to the poor,the suffering and the oppressed,and by his death,one of England′s greatest writers is lost to the world."
How did Dickens see his childhood?A.He felt grateful for it.
B.He felt it a pity that things weren't in his favor.
C.He loved writing about it.
D.He chose to forget the bitterness about it.答案：A解析：考情点拨：推理判断题。应试指导：从第五段第一句话可知，狄更斯写作没有带着愤恨和生气的感情，他认为正是童年那些磨难把他塑造成现在的他。因此狄更斯应该是感激他的童年经历的。
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第7题：
In the fall of 1924 Thomas Wolfe，fresh from his courses in play writing at Harvard joined the eight or ten of us who were teaching English composition in New York University.I had never before seen a man so tall as he，and so ugly.I pitied him and went out of my way to help him with his work and make him feel at home.
His students soon let me know that he had no need of my protectiveness.They spoke of his ability to explain a poem in such a manner as to have them shouting with laughter or struggling to keep back their tears，of his readiness to quote in detail from any poet they could name.
Indeed，his students made so much of his power of observation that I decided to make a little test and see for myself.My chance came one morning when the students were slowly gathering for nine o‘clock classes.
Upon arriving at the university that day，I found Wolfe alone in the large room which served all the English composition teachers as an office.He did not say anything when I asked him to come with me out into the hall，and he only smiled when we reached a classroom door and I told him to enter alone and look around.
He stepped in，remained no more than thirty seconds and then came out.“Tell me what you see.”I said as I took his place in the room，leaving him in the hall with his back to the door.Without the least hesitation and without a single error，he gave the number of seats in the room，pointed out those which were taken by boys and those occupied by girls，named the colors each student was wearing，pointed out the Latin verb written on the blackboard，spoke of the chalk marks which the cleaner had failed to wash from the floor，and pictured in detail the view of Washington Square from the window.
As I rejoined Wolfe，I was speechless with surprise.He，on the contrary，was wholly calm as he said，“The worst thing about it is that I‘ll remember it all.”
What is the passage mainly discussingA.Thomas Wolfe‘s teaching work.
B.Thomas Wolfe‘s course in playwriting.
C.Thomas Wolfe‘s ability of explaining.
D.Thomas Wolfe‘s genius.答案：D解析： -
第8题：
Popular British author,Charles Dickens′（1812--1870）family could hardly make ends meet.They could only afford to send one of their six children to school.Dickens was not that child.His parents chose to send a daughter,who had a talent for music,to an academy.Then at the age of 12,Dickens′life took another turn for the worse.
His father,a clerk,was placed in prison for unpaid debts.And,being the oldest male left at home,Dickens took up work at a factory.His horrible experience there became the fuel for his future writing.His father was freed three months later and inherited a small amount of money.Dickens was then sent to school.
From 1836 to 1837,he wrote a monthly series of stories.Thus The Pickwick,Papers,came into being,which brought fame to him.
Throughout his career,Dickens covers various situations in his novels.He wrote about the miserable lives of the poor in Oliver Twist,the French Revolution in Tale of Two Cities,and social reform in Hard Times.He also wrote David Copperfield,a book thought to be modeled on his own life.
"I do not write bitterly or angrily,for I know all these things have worked together to make me what I am,"he once said.His difficult childhood did indeed shape the person he became,as well as his writing career.There are shades of young Dickens in many of his most beloved characters,including David Copperfield and Oliver Twist.
Like the author,all these characters come from poor beginnings and are able to rise above their setbacks and achieve success."Minds,like bodies,will often fall into an ill-conditioned state from too much comfort,"he once wrote.On June 9th,1870,aged 58,Dickens died,leaving one unfinished work.The words on his tombstone read:"He was a sympathizer to the poor,the suffering and the oppressed,and by his death,one of England′s greatest writers is lost to the world."
The underlined word"shades"in the passage meansA.symbols
B.examples
C.signs
D.reminders答案：D解析：考情点拨：词义猜测题。应试指导：shade的意思为“（人物、事情、时间的）痕迹，影子”，与reminder“使人回忆起某事的事物”意思相近。 -
第9题：
单选题He always did well at school ______ having his early education disrupted by illness.Aon account of
Bin spite of
Cin addition to
Deven though
正确答案： A解析：
句意：尽管他的早期教育由于生病中断了，但是他在学校的成绩一直很好。in spite of尽管。on account of由于。in addition to除…之外。even though即使。 -
第10题：
问答题Practice 4 Charles Darwin didn’t want to murder God, as he once put it. But he did. He didn’t want to defy his fellow Cantabrigians, his gentlemanly Victorian society, his devout wife. But he did. He waited 20 years to publish his theory of natural selection, but—fittingly, after another scientist threatened to be first—he did. Before Darwin, most people accepted some version of biblical creation. Humans were seen as the apotheosis of godly architecture. Humans could thus be an accident of natural selection, not a direct product of God. Worries about how much his theory would shake society exacerbated the strange illnesses he suffered. It’s also worth noting that Darwin’s life wasn’t Darwinian: he achieved his wealth through inheritance, not competition, and some might say his sickly children suffered because they were inbred. Darwin’s theories still provoke opposition. One hundred and forty years after The Origin of Species, backers of creationism have made a comeback in states like Kansas, pushing evolution out of the schoolroom. Yet Darwinism remains one of the most successful scientific theories ever promulgated. There is hardly an element of humanity—not capitalism, not gender relations, certainly not biology—that can be fully understood without its help.正确答案： 【参考译文】
查尔斯·达尔文并不想杀死上帝,他也曾经这样说过。但是他催毁了人们对上帝的信仰。他并不想挑衅剑桥的校友,蔑视温文尔雅的维多利亚社会,违抗虔诚的妻子。但是事与愿违。他为把自然选择的理论公之于众等待了20年,而在另一名科学家可能抢先的情况下他选择了适当的时机——论文最终发表了。
达尔文以前的人一般都相信圣经记载,即人是由上帝创造出来的。人类被神化了,被认为是上帝创造的杰作。但是人类可能只是自然选择中的偶然产物,而不是上帝直接创造的成果。由于担忧这个理论会极大地冲击社会,达尔文的怪病病情加剧。值得一提的是达尔文的一生并不符合他的理论:他的财富并非通过竞争,而是通过继承得来,据说他的孩子多病是由于父母近亲结合的缘故。
今天达尔文的理论仍然有反对的呼声。《物种起源》出版140年后,上帝造人论的支持者在美国堪萨斯等州卷土重来,要求把进化论驱出课堂。然而达尔文的理论仍然是历史上最为成功的科学理论之一。没有进化论,人类的许多问题几乎无法破解,资本主义、性别关系、当然还有生物学等都无法得到完全的认识。 解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
问答题Practice 7 There have been differences among most presidents’ advisers ever since. Thomas Jefferson was accused of relying on an “invisible, inscrutable” group of associates that engaged In backstairs influence. Franklin Roosevelt managed to be a pretty good resident, though even his idolatrous supporters concede that he took his advice from inside and outside the White House and even took a mischievous delight in playing one staff or cabinet member against another. Ike followed the military staff system. He did not spend hours listening to the disputes of his principal aides, but gave Sherman Adams and later General Bedell Smith authority and responsibility for settling differences. When his chief of staff could not settle differences, he insisted on a one-page memorandum defining the problem, no matter how complicated, and then made his decision. Harry Truman did not believe in the single chief of staff. He had six principal advisers with whom he met every morning. At the end of the day, he would have a little bourbon and branch-water with one of them in the Oval Office, then would take a bundle of papers upstairs, put on his green eyeshade and read reports until late in the night. John F. Kennedy followed much the same system with his brother Robert, Larry O’Brlen, Kenny O’Donnell and Ted Sorensen at his side, though their assignments were not limited as rigidly as those of the Truman advisers. Lyndon Johnson did not invite criticism or differences which his staff or cabinet, but bullied his advisers into compliance, which helps explain his troubles in Vietnam. Richard Nixon ran his staff by stealth. He did his homework and mastered the details of policy, but he delegated vast powers to Bob Haldeman and John Ehrlichman in an atmosphere of Byzantine secrecy and intrigue. Jimmy Carter had his troubles between his White House staff and his cabinet, particularly over the conduct of foreign policy. But his White House staff was drawn from a group of Georgia friends who got along with one another comparatively well. He met with the principal members every morning, held a foreign policy meeting often for hours every Friday morning, invited, and listened to disputes, sometimes over the most intricate details of policy. Mr. Reagan’s way is a reflection of his character and his personality. He is more interested in, presenting policy than forming it. He does not have a controlling chief of staff; he does not limit his principal advisers to a special field of concentration like Mr. Truman, but lets the Big Four—Mr. Baker, Mr. Clark, Michael Deaver and Edwin Meese play the field and run across one another; he does not dominate or intimidate his staff, like Mr. Johnson; and he does not read and work like Mr. Carter.正确答案：
【参考译文】
自从有人指责托马斯·杰弗逊依靠一帮“看不见、摸不透”、专搞“幕后活动”的幕僚以来,美国几乎所有总统的幕僚之间都发生过一些纠葛。
富兰克林·罗斯福可算是一位相当出色的总统了,但即使那些把他当偶像崇拜的人也承认:他听取了白宫内外的意见,甚至暗中得意地挑起幕僚或阁员相互争论。
艾克则沿袭军事参谋制度。他从不多花时间去听取幕僚间的争执,而是先后授权舍曼·亚当斯和比德尔·史密斯将军负责处理分歧。他的办公室主任解决不了时,不管问题多么复杂,他一定要让他们写一份不超过一页的备忘录,明确问题所在,然后他再作定夺。
哈里·杜鲁门不喜欢单一的办公室主任制度。他有6个主要顾问,他每天上午都要跟他们相见,一天工作结束后,还与其中一位在椭圆形办公室喝一杯兑清水的波旁威士忌,然后抱起一捆卷宗上楼,戴起绿色眼罩,一直看到深夜。
约翰·弗·肯尼迪大体沿袭这一制度,伴随他的是他弟弟罗伯特、拉里·奥布赖恩、肯尼·奥唐奈和特德·索伦森,不过他们的任务不像杜鲁门的顾问那样受到严格的限制。林顿·约翰逊不鼓励批评,也不鼓励阁员或僚属内存在不同意见,而总是盛气凌人地迫使顾问们顺从他,这也是导致他在越南遇到麻烦的原因所在。
理查德·尼克松则用秘密手段操纵其幕僚。他先做好必要的准备,掌握政策细节,但却把大权交给鲍勃·霍尔德曼和约翰·埃利希曼,颇有几分古拜占庭那种阴谋诡秘的气氛。
吉米·卡特也曾碰到白宫幕僚同内阁成员不和的问题,特别是在执行外交政策方面。不过他的白宫幕僚来自于佐治亚州的一帮朋友,相处起来还比较融洽。他每天上午同主要顾问碰头,每星期五上午专开一次外交政策的会议,往往要持续几个小时,鼓励并乐于倾听不同意见的争执,有时是关于一些极为错综复杂的政策细节问题。
里根先生的工作方式反映了他的气质和个性。他对宣布政策比对制定政策兴趣更浓。他没有一位起控制作用的办公室主任,也不像杜鲁门先生那样把主要顾问一个个地限制在一个专门的领域,而是让贝克先生、克拉克先生、迈克尔·迪弗、埃德温·米斯这四大员满场跑,彼此冲撞。他既不像约翰逊先生那样控制或威吓幕僚,也不像卡特先生那样看文件、那样工作。解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
问答题Practice 8 The style of Dryden is capricious and varied, that of Pope is cautious and uniform; Dryden obeys the motions of his own mind, Pope constrains his mind to his own rules of composition. Dryden is sometimes vehement and rapid; Pope is always smooth, uniform, and gentle. Dryden’s page is a natural field, rising into one qualities, and diversified by the varied exuberance of abundant vegetation; Pope’s is a velvet lawn, shaven by the scythe, and leveled by the roller. Of genius, that power which constitutes a poet; that quality without which judgment is cold, and knowledge is inert; that energy which collects, combines, amplifies, and animates; the superiority must, with some hesitation, be allowed to Dryden. It is not to be inferred, that of this poetical vigor Pope had only a little, Because Dryden had more; for every other writer since Milton must give place to Pope; and even of Dryden it must be said, that, if he has brighter paragraphs, he has not better poems. Dryden’s performances were always hasty, either excited by some external occasion, or extorted by domestic necessity; he composed without consideration, and published without correction, what his mind could supply at call, or gather in one excursion, was all that he sought, and all that he gave. The dilatory caution of Pope enabled him to condense his sentiments, to multiply his images, and to accumulate all that study might produce, or chance might supply. If of Dryden’s fire the blaze is bright, of Pope’s the heat is more regular and constant. Dryden often surpasses expectation, and Pope never falls below it. (300 words)正确答案：
【参考译文】
德莱顿的写作风格形式多样,变化多端;蒲柏则严谨而统一。德莱顿创作时直抒胸臆,蒲柏则按自己的章法创作。德莱顿有时文笔激烈恣肆,蒲柏则流畅匀整,温柔有致。德莱顿的诗篇是片自然田地,高低起伏不一,郁郁葱葱,杂然纷呈。蒲柏的诗篇则是天鹅绒般丝滑的草地,镰刀修整得法,滚筒机抚平般的平整光滑。
所谓天才,就是以其才力造就伟大诗人,并使知识见解免于晦涩呆滞。其能力可汇集万念、聚集百思、延伸四方、激活万物。从这些方面比较,德莱顿要胜出几分。然而依此来推断蒲柏诗才匮乏,德莱顿才华横溢,却又有些荒谬。须知自弥尔顿以来,除德莱顿外,蒲柏可雄踞其他文人之上。即使比较两人,德莱顿虽有些惊人语段,但通篇匀整流畅则不及蒲柏。德莱顿常因形势所迫、或家用所急而下笔匆匆。行文未加思索,付梓又不加修正。他所追求的无非是心随所想,兴致所到之处就作成诗篇。蒲柏下笔则极为谨慎,小心翼翼,所以能凝练情思,丰富意象,又能借积累之所学,机缘之巧遇。若德莱顿文章之火易熊熊燃烧,蒲柏诗篇则是微火慢炖,持久弥香。德莱顿常常出人意料,蒲柏则处处不负所望。解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
共用题干
By the year 1927,Dr. Andrew Manson had a reputation.His practice of medicine was not large,but all his patients had the greatest confidence in him.He(51)______gave medicines, but when he did so,he gave the newest,best,and often the most(52)______medicines on the market.By his use of modern medicines,Manson once prevented a serious disease from(53)______in his town,although the rest of the town suffered badly.
The committee of the Medical Society ought to have been thankful to Manson,but a few of its members,led by Chenkin,were(54)______of his success.Though Manson had many friends, he also had(55)______.
Andrew sometimes asked himself why he and Christine had remained in Manchester after the death of their child.His coal dust experiments were his only(56)______for staying,he could not leave the mines till he had completed his experiments.
He now had a great deal of information about the(57)______of coal bust on the miners' lungs.But,in order to(58)______his facts,he decided to make a few experiments on small animals,to study the action of the dust on their lungs.Here,his real problem began.Taking care to cause the animals as little(59)______as possible;Andrew made some extremely(60) ______experiments,which proved all his beliefs.He felt proud and excited.But then,a few days later,he had a(61)______.
When Andrew returned home from work,he found Christine looking( 62)______."What's the matter?"he asked her. She hesitated,"I had some visitors today.""Oh?Who were they?""Five members of the committee,including Chenkin.They had heard about your experiments on the animals,and wanted to see your(63)_____.I told them that you were not at home,but they pushed me out and went into the room.When they saw the animals,one of the men shouted,"Oh, the poor creatures!"I tried to tell them that the animals had not suffered,but they(64)______to listen.They took the animals with them."
"What!"Andrew shouted.He thought for a minute,and then went into the hall to use the phone.But,just as he reached it,the phone bell rang."Hello!"he said angrily.Then his(65) ______changed.It was Owen."Look here,Owen.""I know,I know."Owen interrupted." This is a bad business.I'll come to see you now."Owen came.Before Andrew could speak,he said,"Did you get permission?"Andrew looked at him in surprise,"Permission for what?""To experiment on animals."
"Good Heavens,no!I never thought about it!""I'm afraid there will be trouble,"Owen said. "Some members of the committee feel very bitter against you.But don't worry,everything will be ok in the end."_________(51)
A:rarely
B:often
C:never
D:frequently答案：A解析：本题为阅读理解题，根据下文内容的转折，这里应该是“很少用药”。
本题语法题，只有expensive的最高级前用the most。
本题是词组辫析。start“开始”。swing“摇摆”。show“展示”。spread“传播，散布”。
本题为阅读理解题，根据下文内容，这里应是“委员会成员嫉妒他的成功”。
本题为阅读理解题，与上半句的“朋友”相对，这里是“对手、敌人”。
本题为阅读理解题，根据上文应是表示“留下的原因”。
本题为语法词汇题。affection名词，“喜爱”;affect动词，“影响”;effect名词，“影响”;effective形容词，“有效的”。
prove“证明”; correct“改正”; create“创造”; prepare“准备”。
根据上下文这里应是“疼痛”的意思。pain“疼”; trouble"麻烦”; destruction “破坏”; damage“损伤”。
awful“极糟糕的”; interesting“有趣的”; successful“成功的”; dangerous“危险的”。
根据上下文，这里是“一件震惊的事”，因此是shock。
根据下文，妻子应该感到“焦虑”。
根据上文，安德鲁做实验，因此应该是“实验室”。
根据上下文背景，此处的闯入者应是“拒绝听”。
本题为理解题。上句说到安德鲁生气地接电话，在听到是欧文后应该是语气有所转变。 -
第14题：
共用题干
第一篇
More Than a Ride to School
The National Education Association claims,"The school bus is a mirror of the community."They further add that,unfortunately,what appears on the exterior does not
always reflect the reality of a chosen community.They are right一sometimes it reflects
more!Just ask Liesl Denson.Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for
Liesl.
Bruce Hardy,school bus driver for Aithouse Bus Company has been Liesl's bus driver
since kindergarten,Last year when Liesl's family moved to Parkesburg,knowing her bus
went by her new residence,she requested to ride the same bus.
This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus.She says,"It's
been a great ride so far!My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a
good listener.Sometimes when you're a child adults do not think that what you have to say
is important.Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel
important."Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree.
Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975.This year he
will celebrate 30 years working for Aithouse:Bus Company. Larry Aithouse , president of the
company, acknowledges Bruce Hardy's outstanding record: "You do not come by employees
like Bruce these days. He has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record.
He was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350, 000
accident free miles.Hardy's reputation is made further evident through the relationships he
has made with the students that ride his bus."
Althouse further adds,"Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has
been providing quality transportation ever since.My grandfather started the business with
one bus.Aithouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and
safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide
quality service for many more years to come."
Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed.Thanks to drivers
like Bruce Hardy,they have been building relationships through generations.Liesi's mother
Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardy's bus to the Octorara School District.Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy?
A: He is popular with his passengers.
B:He has never missed a day of work.
C: He is an impatient person.
D: He has driven 350,000 accident free miles.答案：C解析： -
第15题：
共用题干
Man of Few Words
Everyone chases success,but not all of us want to be famous.
South African writer John Maxwell Coetzee is _______(51)for keeping to himself. When the 63-
year-old man was named the 2003 Nobel Prize winner for literature,reporters were warned that they would
find him"particularly difficult to_________(52)".
Coetzee lives in Australia but spends part of the year teaching at the, University of Chicago.He seemed
_________(53)by the news that he won the US $1.3 million prize.
"It came as a complete surprise.I wasn't even aware they were due to make the announcement,"he
said. His_________(54)of privacy led to doubts as to whether Coetzee will attend prize-giving in Stockholm,
Sweden,on December 10.But despite being described as_______(55)to track down,the critics agree that
his writing is easy to get to know.
Born in Cape Town,South Africa,to an English-speakingfamily,Coetzee_______(56)his break-
through in 1980 with the novel"Waiting for the Barbarians".He__________(57)hisplace among the
world's leading writers with two Booker prize victories,Britain's highest honour for novels.He first
_______(58)in 1983 for the Life and Times of Michael K and his second title came in 1999 for Disgrace.
A major theme in his work is South Africa's former apartheid system,which divided whites from blacks.
_______(59)with the problems of violence,crime and racial division that still exist in the country,his
books have enabled ordinary people to understand apartheid_________(60)within.
"I have always been more interested in the past than the future,"he said in a rare interview.
"The past________(61)its shadow over the present.I hope I have made one or two people think
_______(62)about whether they want to forget the past completely."In fact this purity in his writing
seems to be_________(63)in his personal life.Coetzee is a vegetarian,a cyclist rather than a motorist and
he doesn't drink alcohol.But what he has________(64)to literature,culture and the people of South Africa is far greater than the things he has given up."In looking at weakness and failure in life,"the Nobel
prize judging panel said,"Coetzee's work_________(65)the divine spark in man."_________(61)
A:covers
B:puts
C:spreads
D:casts答案：D解析：be well-known for keeping to himself是“以与世隔绝为大家所熟知”的意思，符合文章意思。
come across , run into , bump mnt。在语义上都有某种“偶然性”，这是主语所指的人无法控制的，不符合句义，因而这种搭配在语义上是错误的。particularly difficult to catch的意思是“特别难找到他，”符合句意。
寻找正确的答案，常常需要借助上下文提供的信息。上下文常常可以帮助我们做出正确的判断。紧随其后的句子是“It came as a complete surprise."（这个奖来得很突然）。 "shock”跟“surprise”意思很接近，因而“shocked”是正确的答案。
like作“喜欢”解时是动词，而此处需要的是一个名词。devote是“奉献”的意思，是动词；attract是“吸引”的意思，是动词。因此“love”是正确答案。
despite引导的是一种反向对比，主句中有easy，那么它的反义词就是difficult。
make a breakthrough等于break through，是固定搭配。
to take one' s place这里是“占据一席之地，跻身于”的意思，这是固定的说法。
这个句子里没有宾语，因此需要一个不及物动词，在这四个动词中，只有“won”既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。其他三个词均为及物动词，所以C为最佳答案。
除了（leal外，handle , solve和remove后都不跟with。
整个句子说的是：在处理这个国家依然存在的暴力、犯罪和种族隔离问题时，他的书能使一般人从内部理解种族隔离制度。“从······角度”常用from。
cast its shadow是“使不快；（在心理一上）投下阴影”的意思，是固定的说法。
think twice是“再三考虑，慎重思考”的意思，这是固定的说法。
从紧随其后的句子来看，应填入“mirrored”。这两个句子说的是：事实上，Coetzee作品中的这种纯洁性似乎也反映在他的个人生活之中。他是一个吃素食的人，他骑车而不开车，并且他也不喝酒。
从下文“far greater than the thing he has given up（比他放弃的东西要多得多）”来看，应选择contributed。全句说的是：但是，他对文学、文化、南非人民所作出的贡献比他放弃的东西要多得多。
tell告诉；say说；inform通知；express表达。结合文意，应选D。 -
第16题：
共用题干
Man of Few Words
Everyone chases success,but not all of us want to be famous.
South African writer John Maxwell Coetzee is________(1)for keeping himself to
himself. When the 63-year-old was named the 2003 Nobel Prize winner for literature earlier
this month,reporters were warned that they would find him"particularly difficult to
________(2)".
Coetzee lives in Australia but spends part of the year teaching at the University of
Chicago.He seemed__________(3)by the news that he won the U. S.$1._________(1.)3 million prize.
"It came as a complete surprise.I wasn't even aware they were due to make the
announcement,"he said.
His________(4)of privacy led to doubts as to whether Coetzee will attend the
prize-giving in Stockholm,Sweden,on December 10._________(10.)
But despite being described as________(5)to track down,the critics agree that
his writing is easy to get to know.
Born in Cape Town,South Africa,to an English-speaking family,Coetzee_______(6)
his breakthrough in 1980 with the novel " Waiting for the Barbarians（野蛮人）".He
________(7)his place among the world's leading writers with two Booker prize victories,
Britain's highest honour for novels.He first_______(8)in 1983 for the"Life and Times
of Michael K",and his second title came in 1999 for"Disgrace".
A major theme in his work is South Africa's former apartheid（种族隔离）system,
which divided whites from blacks.________(9)with the problems of violence,crime
and racial division that still exist in the country,his books have enabled ordinary people to
understand apartheid_________(10)within.
"I have always been more interested in the past than the future,"he said in a rare
interview."The past_______(11)its shadow over the present.I hope I have made
one or two people think__________(12)about whether they want to forget the past
completely.”
In fact this purity in his writing seems to be______(13)in his personal life.
Coetzee is a vegetarian,a cyclist rather than a motorist and doesn't drink alcohol.
But what he has_______(14)to literature,culture and the people of South Africa
is far greater than the things he has given up."In looking at weakness and failure in life,"
the Nobel prize judging panel said, "Coetzee's work _________ (15) the divine（神圣的）
spark in man."_________(6)
A:forced
B:made
C:caused
D:did答案：B解析： -
第17题：
共用题干
Man of Few Words
Everyone chases success,but not all of us want to be famous.
South African writer John Maxwell Coetzee is _______(51)for keeping to himself. When the 63-
year-old man was named the 2003 Nobel Prize winner for literature,reporters were warned that they would
find him"particularly difficult to_________(52)".
Coetzee lives in Australia but spends part of the year teaching at the, University of Chicago.He seemed
_________(53)by the news that he won the US $1.3 million prize.
"It came as a complete surprise.I wasn't even aware they were due to make the announcement,"he
said. His_________(54)of privacy led to doubts as to whether Coetzee will attend prize-giving in Stockholm,
Sweden,on December 10.But despite being described as_______(55)to track down,the critics agree that
his writing is easy to get to know.
Born in Cape Town,South Africa,to an English-speakingfamily,Coetzee_______(56)his break-
through in 1980 with the novel"Waiting for the Barbarians".He__________(57)hisplace among the
world's leading writers with two Booker prize victories,Britain's highest honour for novels.He first
_______(58)in 1983 for the Life and Times of Michael K and his second title came in 1999 for Disgrace.
A major theme in his work is South Africa's former apartheid system,which divided whites from blacks.
_______(59)with the problems of violence,crime and racial division that still exist in the country,his
books have enabled ordinary people to understand apartheid_________(60)within.
"I have always been more interested in the past than the future,"he said in a rare interview.
"The past________(61)its shadow over the present.I hope I have made one or two people think
_______(62)about whether they want to forget the past completely."In fact this purity in his writing
seems to be_________(63)in his personal life.Coetzee is a vegetarian,a cyclist rather than a motorist and
he doesn't drink alcohol.But what he has________(64)to literature,culture and the people of South Africa is far greater than the things he has given up."In looking at weakness and failure in life,"the Nobel
prize judging panel said,"Coetzee's work_________(65)the divine spark in man."_________(56)
A:forced
B:caused
C:made
D:did答案：C解析：be well-known for keeping to himself是“以与世隔绝为大家所熟知”的意思，符合文章意思。
come across , run into , bump mnt。在语义上都有某种“偶然性”，这是主语所指的人无法控制的，不符合句义，因而这种搭配在语义上是错误的。particularly difficult to catch的意思是“特别难找到他，”符合句意。
寻找正确的答案，常常需要借助上下文提供的信息。上下文常常可以帮助我们做出正确的判断。紧随其后的句子是“It came as a complete surprise."（这个奖来得很突然）。 "shock”跟“surprise”意思很接近，因而“shocked”是正确的答案。
like作“喜欢”解时是动词，而此处需要的是一个名词。devote是“奉献”的意思，是动词；attract是“吸引”的意思，是动词。因此“love”是正确答案。
despite引导的是一种反向对比，主句中有easy，那么它的反义词就是difficult。
make a breakthrough等于break through，是固定搭配。
to take one' s place这里是“占据一席之地，跻身于”的意思，这是固定的说法。
这个句子里没有宾语，因此需要一个不及物动词，在这四个动词中，只有“won”既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。其他三个词均为及物动词，所以C为最佳答案。
除了（leal外，handle , solve和remove后都不跟with。
整个句子说的是：在处理这个国家依然存在的暴力、犯罪和种族隔离问题时，他的书能使一般人从内部理解种族隔离制度。“从······角度”常用from。
cast its shadow是“使不快；（在心理一上）投下阴影”的意思，是固定的说法。
think twice是“再三考虑，慎重思考”的意思，这是固定的说法。
从紧随其后的句子来看，应填入“mirrored”。这两个句子说的是：事实上，Coetzee作品中的这种纯洁性似乎也反映在他的个人生活之中。他是一个吃素食的人，他骑车而不开车，并且他也不喝酒。
从下文“far greater than the thing he has given up（比他放弃的东西要多得多）”来看，应选择contributed。全句说的是：但是，他对文学、文化、南非人民所作出的贡献比他放弃的东西要多得多。
tell告诉；say说；inform通知；express表达。结合文意，应选D。 -
第18题：
材料题
B
In the fall of 1924 Thomas Wolfe，fresh from his courses in play writing at Harvard joined the eight or ten of us who were teaching English composition in New York University．I had never before seen a man so tall as he，and so ugly．I pitied him and went out of my way to help him with his work and make him feel at home．
His students soon let me know that he had no need of my protectiveness．They spoke of his ability to explain a poem in such a manner as to have them shouting with laughter or struggling to keep back their tears，of his readiness to quote in detail from any poet they could name．
Indeed，his students made so much of his power of observation that I decided to make a little test and see for myself．My chance came one morning when the students were slowly gathering for nine o‘clock classes．
Upon arriving at the university that day，I found Wolfe alone in the large room which served all the English composition teachers as an office．He did not say anything when I asked him to come with me out into the hall，and he only smiled when we reached a classroom door and I told him to enter alone and look around．
He stepped in，remained no more than thirty seconds and then came out．“Tell me what you see．”I said as I took his place in the room，leaving him in the hall with his back to the door．Without the least hesitation and without a single error，he gave the number of seats in the room，pointed out those which were taken by boys and those occupied by girls，named the colors each student was wearing，pointed out the Latin verb written on the blackboard，spoke of the chalk marks which the cleaner had failed to wash from the floor，and pictured in detail the view of Washington Square from the window．
As I rejoined Wolfe，I was speechless with surprise．He，on the contrary，was wholly calm as he said，“The worst thing about it is that I‘ll remember it all．”
Which of the following is NOT said in the passageA.Wolfe‘s students praised Wolfe’s power of observatio
B.The author made an experiment on Wolfe‘s abilit
C.Wolfe‘s students asked the author to have a test of their abilit
D.Wolfe did not feel angry when he was teste答案：C解析： -
第19题：
材料题
B
In the fall of 1924 Thomas Wolfe，fresh from his courses in play writing at Harvard joined the eight or ten of us who were teaching English composition in New York University．I had never before seen a man so tall as he，and so ugly．I pitied him and went out of my way to help him with his work and make him feel at home．
His students soon let me know that he had no need of my protectiveness．They spoke of his ability to explain a poem in such a manner as to have them shouting with laughter or struggling to keep back their tears，of his readiness to quote in detail from any poet they could name．
Indeed，his students made so much of his power of observation that I decided to make a little test and see for myself．My chance came one morning when the students were slowly gathering for nine o‘clock classes．
Upon arriving at the university that day，I found Wolfe alone in the large room which served all the English composition teachers as an office．He did not say anything when I asked him to come with me out into the hall，and he only smiled when we reached a classroom door and I told him to enter alone and look around．
He stepped in，remained no more than thirty seconds and then came out．“Tell me what you see．”I said as I took his place in the room，leaving him in the hall with his back to the door．Without the least hesitation and without a single error，he gave the number of seats in the room，pointed out those which were taken by boys and those occupied by girls，named the colors each student was wearing，pointed out the Latin verb written on the blackboard，spoke of the chalk marks which the cleaner had failed to wash from the floor，and pictured in detail the view of Washington Square from the window．
As I rejoined Wolfe，I was speechless with surprise．He，on the contrary，was wholly calm as he said，“The worst thing about it is that I‘ll remember it all．”
（）What is the passage mainly discussingA.Thomas Wolfe‘s teaching wor
B.Thomas Wolfe‘s course in playwritin
C.Thomas Wolfe‘s ability of explainin
D.Thomas Wolfe‘s geniu答案：D解析： -
第20题：
Popular British author,Charles Dickens′（1812--1870）family could hardly make ends meet.They could only afford to send one of their six children to school.Dickens was not that child.His parents chose to send a daughter,who had a talent for music,to an academy.Then at the age of 12,Dickens′life took another turn for the worse.
His father,a clerk,was placed in prison for unpaid debts.And,being the oldest male left at home,Dickens took up work at a factory.His horrible experience there became the fuel for his future writing.His father was freed three months later and inherited a small amount of money.Dickens was then sent to school.
From 1836 to 1837,he wrote a monthly series of stories.Thus The Pickwick,Papers,came into being,which brought fame to him.
Throughout his career,Dickens covers various situations in his novels.He wrote about the miserable lives of the poor in Oliver Twist,the French Revolution in Tale of Two Cities,and social reform in Hard Times.He also wrote David Copperfield,a book thought to be modeled on his own life.
"I do not write bitterly or angrily,for I know all these things have worked together to make me what I am,"he once said.His difficult childhood did indeed shape the person he became,as well as his writing career.There are shades of young Dickens in many of his most beloved characters,including David Copperfield and Oliver Twist.
Like the author,all these characters come from poor beginnings and are able to rise above their setbacks and achieve success."Minds,like bodies,will often fall into an ill-conditioned state from too much comfort,"he once wrote.On June 9th,1870,aged 58,Dickens died,leaving one unfinished work.The words on his tombstone read:"He was a sympathizer to the poor,the suffering and the oppressed,and by his death,one of England′s greatest writers is lost to the world."
The book that first called public attention to Dickens wasA.The Pickwick Papers
B.Oliver Twist
C.Tale of Two Cities
D.David Copperfield答案：A解析：考情点拨：事实细节题。应试指导：从文章第三段第二句的内容可知The Pickwick Papers使他一举成名。 -
第21题：
问答题Practice 3 Einstein was one of the intellectual heroes of history, and such heroes, like Newton and like Darwin, are always twofold — rebels in their work and heretics in society. He prized the integrity of man's personality more highly than man's science. Back in the 1920's he said, in some desultory interview, that two discoveries might destroy mankind: atomic energy and universal thought-reading. The wry prophecy sums up Einstein's passions. He saw deeply into nature, her promise and her threat, but he was not too abstracted to remember .the fallibility of men. For him the key to the world lay in the minds of men. He fought for freedom of the mind from his rebellious school-days and the manifesto of 1914 to his dying day. In his last years he spoke out constantly against the inquisition which then darkened America. But even his love for science and for freedom was not abstract. These were for him the high places of the human mind, and he lived those; he loved people. His richness of sympathy made him a symbol to an age. It carried his ideas beyond their scientific setting so that, more profoundly than the work of any philosopher, they changed the outlook of philosophy. All his ideas grew from one conception: that the world is not given to us absolutely, but is something which we actively observe and thereby shape. For Einstein was a practical thinker; to him, truth was that which is experienced in action. When he died, on April 18, 1955, Einstein had created a new empiricism, as revolutionary and as lasting as that with which Galileo laid the foundation of science.正确答案： 【参考译文】
爱因斯坦是历史上杰出的知识分子之一,像他这样的杰出人物,如牛顿和达尔文,总是具有双重性——在工作上是造反派,在社会上又是离经叛道者。爱因斯坦珍视人的道德品格胜于学问。早在20年代,他在一次漫谈式采访中就说过:有两个发现可能会毁灭人类,一个是原子能,另一个是万能读心术。这个辛辣的预言集中表现了他的强烈情感。他洞悉大自然,深知它会给人类带来什么希望,又会给人类造成什么威胁。但是他并没有因为思维太抽象而忘记人类免不了要犯错误。在他看来,打开世界的钥匙是人的头脑。自学生时代造反开始,到1914年发表“宣言”,一直到临终之日,他都在为解放思想而奋斗。在生命的最后岁月里,他还不断地站出来说话,反对当时把美国搞得乌烟瘴气的对进步人士的审讯。但是,即使他对科学和自由的热爱,也不是抽象的。在他看来,科学和自由是人类思想的高峰。在这方面,他身体力行;他热爱人民。
他富有同情心,这使他成为一个时代的象征。他的同情心使他的思想超越了科学的境界,因而他的思想比任何一个哲学家的著作都更为深刻地改变了哲学的面貌。他的一切思想都来自一个观念,即这个世界不是无条件给予我们的,而是要我们去积极观察并加以塑造。爱因斯坦是个讲究实际的思想家,在他看来,真理是由行动体现出来的。到l955年4月18日逝世的时候,爱因斯坦已经创立了一种新经验论,它与伽利略用以奠定科学基础的经验论一样具有革命性,一样持久。解析： 暂无解析 -
第22题：
问答题Practice 2 Henry Ford did not invent the automobile, but he was the first man to mass-produce it, and this made it available to the ordinary man. Many automobiles were being built by the hand at the turn of the century and were much too expensive for all but the wealthy. In 1903 Henry Ford's first mass-produced Model T cars cost $850. By the early 1920s he was able to reduce the price, to $350. Between 1903 and 1927 Ford manufactured 15 million Model T Fords and earned a profit of $700 million. In 1927 he produced his sedan Model A, which was much more comfortable than the open, windswept Model T. Henry Ford was himself a born mechanic and could build a car with his own hands. So he respected his workers and treated them well. In 1914, when the basic wage for an industrial worker in Detroit was $11 a week, Ford announced that he would pay his Workers $5 a day. Ford believed in the dignity of work, and did not wish his men to become underpaid robots. He also built them a special town on the outskirts of the city.正确答案： 【参考译文】
汽车不是亨利·福特发明的,但他却是使用机器大量生产汽车的第一人,从而使普通老百姓也能拥有汽车。在20世纪初,许多汽车是手工制造的,对于除富人以外的所有其他人来说,其价格实在太贵。1903年,亨利·福特第一批大量生产的T型汽车每辆卖850美元。到20世纪20年代初,他却能把价格降到350美元。1903年至l927年期间,福特制造了1500万辆T型福特车,赚取7亿美元的利润。1927年,福特生产出A型轿车,比敞篷式不挡风的T型车舒服得多。
亨利·福特是天生的汽车机修师,他能用双手造出汽车。所以他尊重工人,并善待他们。1914年,底特律产业工人的基本工资是每周11美元,而福特却宣布他给工人的报酬是每天5美元。他信奉工作是高尚的,不希望他的工人沦为收入低下的苦力。他还在底特律郊区专门为他们建造了一个镇子。 解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
单选题In the first paragraph, the writer recalls some things that happened between him and his friends. He ______.Afeels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him
Bfeels he may not have “read” his friends true feelings correctly
Cthinks it was a mistake to have broken up with his girl friend, Helen
Dis sorry that his friends let him down
正确答案： A解析：
从第一段中的“When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad”，可知作者认为自己并不清楚他朋友的真正意思，故正确答案为B项。