根据下面的语言素材，用英语完成以下的设计任务(设计意图可以用中文表达)。1．确定这节课的教学目标；2．根据所确定的教学目标，设计教学过程并说明设计意图。 Teacher: So what do you think about thestory of Yu Gong? Wang Ming: I think it′s really interesting.Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem. Claudia: Really? I think it′s a

Teaching Content: Talk about the personality and write a personality survey. Teaching Objectives :
Knowledge objective
(1) Key Vocabulary
pretty, social, bother, slight, in the slightest, fairly, plenty, plenty of, get along with, listener
(2) Reading
(3) Writing
Ability objective
Students should improve their ability of reading comprehension and writing.
Emotional objective
Students can learn that being a good listener is an art.
Teaching Key Points:
Master the key vocabulary and the point of writing and reading
Teaching Difficult Point:
How to write a personality survey
Teaching Methods :
(1) Practice method
(2) Pair work
Teaching Aid: A projector
Teaching Procedures :
Step 1 Leading-in (5 minutes)
The teacher asks "what would you do if ...? "
(1) the teacher asked you to give a speech in front of the whole school
(2) your brother borrowed your clothes without permission
(3) someone asked you to be in a movie
(4) you wanted to be friends with a new student
Encourage students to give different answers to each question. Those who speak out the most answers will get a
reward after class.
(Justification: Set a happy English learning atmosphere for students, and make a preparation for today's class.)
Step 2 Presentation (20 minutes)
3a
Show the vocabulary words on the screen by a projector.
pretty adv．相当；颇；非常social adj．社会的；社交的
bother v．打扰：扰乱slight adj．微不足道的；极不重要的
in the slightest一点儿也；根本fairly adv．相当；完全
plenty adj．很多的：足够的plenty of很多的；足够的
get along with与……相处listener n．听者；收听者
Explain the words one by one and have students repeat them several times.
Call students' attention to the personality survey results in the box. Set a time limit of two or three minutes.
Have students read the three paragraphs silently. Meanwhile, write the new words on the blackboard. Ask students to look at the questions and answers on the survey in Activity 2a.
T: The letter "a" answers all describe one type of person. The letter "b" answers describe another and "c" still another type.
Read the Activity 3a instructions to the class. Ask students to reread the personality survey results and decide which letter goes in each paragraph. Point out the sample answer.
Get students to complete the activity on their own.
Check the answers.
3b
Read the instructions to the class.
Invite a student to say the example to the class.
If a friend said something bad about you, would you ...
a. talk to the friend right away?
b. say nothing?
c. think about what he or she said?
T: What kind of person is Question A asking about?
Ss : Outgoing.
T: What about b?Ss: Shy.
T: What about c?Ss: Pretty confident.
T: You are to write your own personality survey. You can write any questions you want, but each question must be about a different personality type.
Give another example on the blackboard. If a friend misunderstood you, would you ...
a. tell him / her it is a misunderstanding at once?
b. want to explain to him / her, but have no courage?
c. invite him / her to dinner and explain?
Get students to work individually. Remind them to use the ones in the book and on the blackboard as a model.
As they work, move around the room checking their works and offering language support.
Part 4
Read the instructions to the class.
Point out the sample conversation in the box. Invite a pair of students to read it to the class.
SA: How many people would talk to the friend right away7
SB: Three. And two people would say nothing.
(Justification: The process of this step provides reading and writing practice using the target, arid introduces key vocabulary words and provides reading practice using the target language.)
Step 3 Practice (15 minutes)
Divide the class into groups of five. Ask students to give their survey to each person in their group, and circle the answers.
T: Having given your survey, talk aboot what you learned. Use the sample conversation in the box as a model.
As the groups work together, walk around the room offering any help they may need.
Ask several students to read his / her question and tell the class about the results.
(Justification: This activity provides oral practice using the target language. )
Step 4 Summary and Homework (5 minutes)
Summary: In this class, we've learned some new vocabulary words. And we've also done much reading and writing practice using the target language.
Homework: Ask students to reread the three paragraphs under the headline personality survey results for further comprehension, and write a personality survery of ten students.
?(Justification:The summary gives a specific conclusion of this class and the homework helps students consolidate the point of the class and improve their writing abilitiy. )
Blackboard Design :
1. Key vocabulary:
?pretty social
?bother slight
?in the slightest fairly
?plentyplenty of
?get along withlistener
2. If a friend misunderstood you, would you ...
?a. tell him / her it's a misunderstanding at once?
?b. want to explain to him / her, but have no courage?
?c. invite him / her to dinner and explain?

该教师采用了听说法。 (1)听说法的优点：
①重视听说训练，有利于培养学生的听力能力和自然的语音语调；
②通过句型操练，能够利用有限的语言材料使学生较快地学会口语表达；
③在加强听、说能力，提高学生外语实践水平上有一定作用。
(2)听说法的缺点：
①只注意句型本身意义，忽视物质意义和情景意义，从而造成学生往往并不了解句子的确切含义；
②一般不指明语法规则，使学生对语言体系没有一个清晰准确的概念，加上机械性重复练习．学生的语言创造生成的能力得不到培养和发挥；
③它是一个脱离语境，忽视意义的模式体系，所以不利于培养学生进行自然的语言交际的能力。

Teaching Content: A class about how to writing.
Teaching Objectives:
(1) Knowledge objectives:
① Students will be able to know more Chinese customs, such as table manners, house rules, going out with people.
② Students can give some advice and suggestions about some Chinese customs to foreigners.
(2) Ability objective:
Students will improve their writing skills of giving advice and suggestions and improve the ability of communication.
(3) Emotional objectives:
① Students will have a deep understanding of the customs in our country.
② Students will foster their cross-cultural communication awareness.
Teaching Key Points:
How to give advice and suggestions on the rules of Chinese customs: table manners, house rules, going out with people.
Teaching Difficult Points:
How to master the expressions of Chinese customs and tell them to foreigners by letter.
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Pre-writing (10 minutes)
(1) Students are divided into ten groups. The teacher asks them to read 3a and discuss how to complete the chart. Then the students are asked to present their results and the teacher concludes their answers on the blackboard.
(2) Pair work
The teacher asks students to make a dialogue with their deskmates using the expressions:
①--What are the table manners
--It's polite/impolite to ...
②--What are the house rules
--You're supposed/not supposed to ...
③-How about going out with people
--You should ...
After the practice, the teacher invites two pairs to display their dialogue in the front of the class.
(Justification: This step can make students feel interested in the class and have things to write.)
Step 2 While-writing (15 minutes)
(1) Drafting
The teacher asks students to complete the letter of 3b according to the expressions in the chart. Then gives students 7 minuties to write the first draft.
(Justification: At this stage, the development of ideas are more important than getting grammatical structures, punctuation or spelling correct.)
(2) Peer editing
After the drafting, the teacher asks students to check each other's articles. They should read the notice and check the formation and the expressions. Also, they need to check carefully the grammar, spelling and punctuation of their writings. During the editing activity, the teacher offers guidance to students.
(Justification: Peer editing can provide an opportunity for students to share their writings and help them learn from each other. Proper guidance in revising can help students to know how to develop ideas and how to write clearly.)
Step 3 Post-writing (5 minutes)
The teacher invites two students to show their passages to all the students and gives them some evaluations.
Students will be encouraged to give some assessments too. Then the teacher asks students to revise their articles in both organisation and content based on the evaluations.
(Justification: At this stage, students can get some improvements in both organisation and contents. Revising their own articles can make them realize their mistakes more clearly.)

Class Type: Reading class, 1 period
Teaching Contents: This lesson is an introduction about Charlie Chaplin who is a master of nonverbal humour.
Teaching Objectives:
(1) Knowledge objective
Students can listen, read, and then imitate the jokes.
(2) Ability objectives
①Students can develop their reading ability.
② Students can talk about some types of English humour and Chinese humour and then find their differences.
(3) Emotional objective
Students can realize that humour is to let people be optimistic about everything around.
Teaching Key Points:
How to understand and enjoy English humors.
Teaching Difficult Points:
How to understand the differences between English and Chinese in humours.
Teaching Methods:
Using pictures, discussion, reading and imitation
Teaching Aids:
A recorder, a projector and some pictures
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Warming up (5 minutes)
Warm up by defining "Humour".
T: What is"Humour"? Does anyone of you know anything about Humour? Look at the screen and read the definition of Humour from the Internet.
Whose job?
This is the story about four people named Everybody, Somebody, Anybody and Nobody. There was an important job to be done, and Everybody was sure that Somebody would do it. Anybody could have done it, but Nobody did it.
Somebody got angry about that because it was Everybody's job. Everybody thought Anybody could do it, but Nobody realized that Everybody wouldn't do it. It ended up that Everybody blamed Somebody When Nobody did what Anybody could have done.
(Justification: Stimulate students' curiosity about English humour and get students involved in talking about this topic.)
Step 2 Pre-reading (10 minutes)
Telling the truth--what do you like to laugh at?
Sh I like to laugh at cartoons, for they're lovely and fun.
S2: I like to laugh at fairy tales. They are amusing and interesting.
T: Many years ago there lived an Emperor who was so exceedingly fond of fine new clothes that he spent vast sums of money on dress. To him clothes meant more than anything else in the world. He took no interest in his army,nor did he care to go to the theatre, or to drive about in his state coach, unless it was to display his new clothes. He had different robes for every single hour of the day.
(Justification: Through"Telling the truth--what do you like to laugh at?" to stimulate students' curiosity about English humour and prepare them for the reading part.)
Step 3 While-reading (15 minutes)
(1) Reading aloud to the recording
T: Now please listen and read aloud to the recording of the text. Pay attention to the pronunciation of each word
and the pauses twice and you shall read aloud twice, too. I will play the Nonverbal Humour.
(2) Reading and underlining
T: Next you are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them to your notebook after class as homework.
(3) Reading to identify the topic sentence of each paragraph
T: Skimming the text and identify the topic sentence of each paragraph. You may find it either at the beginning,the middle or the end of the paragraph.
(4) Reading and transferring information
Read the text again to complete the table.

(5) Reading and understanding difficult sentences
T: As you have read the text several times, you can surely tell which sentences are difficult to understand.
Now put your questions concerning the difficult points to the teacher.
(Justification: Students' reading ability of getting the general ideas and locating the specific information can be trained and improved by skimming and scanning practice.)
Step 4 Post-reading (10 minutes)
The teacher asks students to discuss the most humourous story happened in their live in group. After the discussion the teacher asks them to recommend the most humourous story in each group, and let one student share the story with the whole class.
(Justification: Help the students have a better understanding of the topic of humor.)
Step 5 Summary and Homework (5 minutes)
Summary: To end the lesson by watching a silent humourous movie called"Making a Living" by Charlie Chaplin.
Homework: Do the comprehending exercises in the workbook.
(Justification: Summary and homework is of importance for students to master the knowledge they have learned in class.)
Blackboard Design:
A Master of Nonverbal Humour
What is nonverbal humour?
Who is Charlie Chaplin?
How does he make a sad situation entertainment?
What is the story of The Gold Rush?
Facts about Oscar
A brief life history of Charlie Chanlin
Teaching Reflection.

英语教学中的任务指有利于学生用英语做事情的各种语言实践活动。
任务的设计一般应遵循下列原则：
(1)任务应有明确的目的;
(2)任务应具有真实意义，即接近现实生活中的各种活动;
(3)任务应涉及信息的接收、处理和传递等过程;
(4)学生应在完成任务的过程中使用英语：
(5)学生应通过做事情完成任务：
(6)完成任务后一般应有一个具体的成果。

Teaching Contents: This listening and speaking class is about the sentence pattern "Is this your ... "
Teaching Objectives:
(1) Knowledge objective
Students can recognize and read the new words about stationery--"pencil, ruler" and know how to use the sentence "Is this your ... ".
(2) Ability objective
Students can understand the sentence"Is this your ... " and use it to ask others about the ownership of something.
(3) Emotional objective
Students will be more interested in sharing their ideas with others and can cooperate with their partners well.
Teaching Key Point:
How to make students master the new words and new sentence structure.
Teaching Difficult Points:
(l) How to make students communicate with others correctly and fluently.
(2) How to make students get the key information after listening.
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Presentation and Practice (8 minutes)
Firstly, the teacher lets students listen to the tape recorder and try to guess the meaning of new words according to the pictures that the teacher shows them. After the first listening, the teacher teaches the new words "ruler,pencil". Students master the meaning and spelling of these words by missing-letter game.
Secondly, the teacher plays the tape again and leads students to pay attention to the conversation in the listening. After this listening, the teacher asks students the questions appeared in the recorder, like "Is this your pencil ls this your ruler " and encourages them to answer these questions by using the sentences they get during the listening.
(Justification: At this step, students can learn the meaning of the new words by pictures, and know how to read them by listening to the tape recorder. The missing-letter game can help students to participate in the class actively and practice the new words. The second listening activity can help students know how to use the new sentences and practice their listening skills.)
Step 2 Consolidation (7 minutes)
Pair work: The teacher asks students to play the dialogue in pairs, and encourages them to use more words of stationery. Then several pairs are asked to show their dialogues to the class, and the teacher will give them proper assessment on their presentations.
(Justification: This step can provide students with the opportunity to speak English in real situations and their speaking ability can also be improved.)

【参考设计】
Teaching Contents: The sentence pettern"It is + adj. + that""It is + adj. + to-infinitive""It is + adj. + for sb. + to-infinitive".
Teaching Objectives:
(1) Knowledge objectives
①To use "It is + adj. + that" to say how one feels about sth.
② To use "It is + adj. + to-infinitive" to describe actions and situations.
③ To use "It is + adj. + for ... + to-infinitive" to specify the person one is talking about.
(2) Ability objective
Students can use "It is + adj. + that ...", "It is + adj. + to-infinitive" and "It is + adj. + for ... + to-infinitive" in daily communication.
(3) Emotional objective
Students can understand the differences between the Chinese language and English.
Teaching Key Points
(1) To use "It is +adj. + that" to say how one feels about sth.
(2) To use "It is + adj. + to-infinitive" to describe actions and situations.
(3) To use "It is + adj. + for ... + to-infinitive" to specify the person one is talking about.
Teaching Difficult Points
How to enable students to master the different uses of the following structures:
(1) It is + adj. + that ...
(2) It is + adj. + to-infinitive
(3) It is + adj. + for sb. + to-infinitive
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1 Lead-in (5 minutes)
Teacher show students a beautiful place of interest and two sentences:
It is interesting that there are so many beautiful flowers in the garden.
It is cool to spend our holiday here.
Ask students to guess their meaning and pay attention to the sentence pattern.
(Justification: The present of the beautiful place of interest and sentences can arouse students' interests in the class and help the teacher lead in the new teaching content.)
Step 2 Part A (10 minutes)
(1) Tell students that we use the "it is + adj. + that" structure to say bow we feel about something.
(2) Encourage them to ask questions if they are unsure of the meaning.
(3) Ask students to complete the exercises on their own.
(4) Ask some students to make some sentences using the adjectives and the given phrases.
① We can walk 100 kilometres in 45 hours. (possible)
② There are so many different trees in the parks. (interesting)
③ There was snow on one of the mountains. (surprising)
④ Each team must raise at least HK $6,000. (important)
⑤ So many people want to help others in need. (nice)
(Justification: This step makes students understand the structure"it is + adj. + that". Doing exercises can help students have a deep understanding of how the structure are formed and how they are used.)
Step 3 Part B (10 minutes)
(I) Explain that the"It is + adj. + to-infinitive" structure is similar to the structure students learned in Part A
except that here, the adjective describes an action or activity.
(2) Encourage students to ask questions if they are unsure of the meaning.
(3) Check that students have understood the structure.
(4) Ask students to make sentences using the given structure:
It is difficult to ...
It is easy to ...
It is exciting to ...
It is necessary to ...
(Justification: This step makes students understand and master this structure "It is + adj. + to-infinitive". The teacher in this step plays the role of organizer, resource-provider and assessor.)
Step 4 Part C (9 minutes)
(1) Explain that the structure in Part C is the same as the structure in Part B except that we insert"for sb."
between the adjective and the "to-infinitive" to indicate who we are talking about.
(2) Encourage students to ask questions if they are unsure of the meaning.
(3) Check that students have understood the structure.
(4) Ask students to make sentences using the given pictures and words.
①People should not go hiking alone. (dangerous)
②Jimmy's team can raise over HK $6,000 for charity. (possible)
③You can get very hot on the hike. (important/take lots of water)
(Justification: This step makes students understand and master this structure"It is + adj. + for ... + to-infinitive". Using picture prompts and words can help them practice the target language while negotiating meaning.)
Step 5 Practice (6 minutes)
Give students one topic--travel and ask them to make sentences in groups using the three sentence patterns.
Then ask some students to report their sentences.
(Justification: A real purpose for genuine communication among students can help them practice the language in a communicative way.)
Step 6 Summary and Homework (5 minutes)
Summary:
One student acts as an assistant teacher to guide all the students to summarize the new knowledge of this lesson.
Homework:
(1) Finish the exercises.
(2) Write a short story about your life including the grammar.
(Justification: Summary can help students consolidate the knowledge what they have learned in the class.
Homework makes students combine the grammar structure with their life, and practice their writing skills at the satne time.)
Blackboard Design:
1. It is + adj. + that clause
2. It is + adj. + to do sth
3. It is + adj. + for sb + to do sth
Teaching Reflection.

1. Teaching Objectives Knowledge objectives:
(1) Students can learn the new words: driver, doctor.
(2) Students can master the sentence pattern: --What's ... job --He/She is ... Ability objective:
By taking part in conversations, students can develop speaking and communicative skills.
Emotional objective:
Students can cultivate their interest and enthusiasm in communication with others and foster the spirit of teamwork.
2. Teaching Key and Difficult Points
Teaching key points:
(1) Students can recognize and master the meaning of driver and doctor.
(2) Students can understand the meaning of the dialogue.
Teaching difficult point:
Students can use the target sentence pattern and different names of jobs to make dialogues.
3. Teaching Procedures
Step 1 Warming up and Lead-in (5 min)
Playing "what' s missing" game: The teacher shows the word and picture cards that they have learned, such as teacher, farmer, worker, policeman, etc. and asks the students to read them. Then the teacher takes away one card and makes them read again to find out which one is missing.
设计意图：这个游戏可以激发学生的兴趣，使学生很快进入学习状态。复习以前学过的表示职业的单词，也为后面的对话练习做了准备。
Step 2 Presentation (10 rain)
T: I am a teacher. What about you
Ss: We are students.
T: Good! Now look at this photo.(教师展示自己家庭成员的照片)Can you guess who this man is
Ss: He is your father.
T: Yes, he is my father. What' s his job
Ss：(七嘴八舌地猜)
T: Well, he is a doctor.
Then the teacher presents the new word on the PPT: doctor.
Present the word "driver" in the same way.
设计意图：教师通过让学生猜其家庭成员的职业的方式，引出新单词和新句型，激发学生的好奇心，活跃课堂气氛。同时也加深学生对目标单词、句型的印象。
Step 3 Practice and Consolidation (15 min)
(1) Playing a game "I say and you guess"
The teacher divides the students into two groups. Then the teacher asks one group to describe a job, while the other group guesses the name of it. Then exchange their roles. The group which guesses more using less time will be the winner.
(2) Making a survey
The teacher divides students into groups of six and asks each student to make a survey about other students' parents' jobs, using the sentence pattern they have learned.
设计意图：猜单词的游戏能够加深学生对于所学单词意义的记忆，同时使课堂气氛轻松活泼。运用所学句型做调查，使学生进行对话练习，巩固了知识点，并锻炼了听说、交际能力和合作精神。

(1)课堂操练是学生在理解新语言的语义、语境、语用形态之后，在教师指导下进行简单的运用训练。为了避免形式枯燥，教师也可借助一些实物、卡片、图片等创设情景，让学生在教师提供的真实情景下，运用新学到的单词、句子等进行简单交际。教师也可以设计一些游戏或其他有趣的教学活动，激发他们的学习兴趣，活动的设计要有目的性、灵活性、挑战性、全面性和参与性。
(2)Present.ion
①The teacher shows students pictures about dog and ball.
(Teacher points the first picture)T：Where is the ball?
(Students may answer in Chinese)Ss：在狗的前面。
T：Yes，we can say the ball is“in front of”the dog.“In front of”means“在……前面”.You can also say the blackboard is in front of you，the desk is in front of you.Can anyone give me an example?
S1：Li Ming is in front ofme.
S2：The tree is in front of our classroom.
T：Great.So when I ask you where the ball is，you can answer“It’s in front of the dog”.(引入句型的讲授)Where is the blackboard?
S3：It’s in front of me.
T：Where is the tree?
S4：It’s in front of the classroom.
T：Yes，you all did a good job.
Then the teacher uses the same way to teach the other words between，behind，and above.
②Listen to the radio
The teacher lets the students listen the radio and read after it.
③Read after teacher
The teacher asks students to read the new words，then lets them read after him/her.
(设计意图：引导学生学习新的方位介词，并利用教材内容练习学生的听、说能力。)
(3)Practice
①Listen and do
One student gives guidance by using the new words;the other students do as the student
commands.
Teacher gives timely and specific feedback to students.
②Find and say
Teacher asks students to look at the picture and work in paim.
One student asks the other where the tree/house/chicken is.The student should give the right answers and ask a similar question according to the picture.
While students are doing the activity，the teacher should walk around the classroom and listen to what the students are sayin9.Ⅱsome students are not doing the right task.the teacher should rectify.If some students find it difficult to do the activity，the teacher can give hints.
(设计意图：通过练习，学生能够加深对方位介词的印象并且熟练使用方位介词。同时，学生能够使用方位介词进行简单的对话。)

(1)The contents of teaching vocabulary include word meaning, word use, word information and word memory strategy. (2)Knowledge Objectives: Students can listen,say, read, and write the words :doctor, cook, driver,farmer, nurse; Students can listen, read and use the sentence patterns"What is your father's job"
"My father is a doctor. "
Ability Objective: Students can use the sentence patterns to inquire about someone's job and to communicate with others smoothly.Emotion Objectives: Students actively join in the learning activities and confidently speak in English; Students know something about "job"and set up their own dream.
(3)Practice
Activity1 Dictation
T:Please work in pairs. One student reads a new word and the other student writes it down. Then change your roles when you finish the five words.
Let's see which pair will finish it as the first one.
OK,begin !
While students do dictation, the teacher walks around the classroom to correct students' pronunciation and handwriting.
【设计意图】通过学生合作听写新单词，训练学生的听力、口语和书写能力。教师巡视课堂，可以纠正学生的发音与书写错误。
Activity2 Task time
T: You have done a good job! Now there is a task for you boys and girls. Please act as an interviewer to survey what your classmates' family members' jobs are by using the sentence"What is your father's/mother' s / uncle' s... jobHe / She is...". You should finish the table below.
For example : Li Hua's mother is a doctor.

【设计意图】学生扮演小记者调查同班同学家人的职业，可以在语境中训练学生的语用能力，让学生感受到“学以致用”的乐趣。
Production
T：Please find your partners freely and make a dialogue with your partners according to the table you have finished and act it out．
【设计意图】学生在足够的语言输入的基础上自由选择搭档编对话。这个活动可以为学生提供语言输出的机会，培养学生灵活运用语言的能力。

传统教学媒体呈现与传播单一信息．而多媒体可以集文字、声音、图像、动画于一体，使多种信息形成动态组合或集成．使教学内容更加丰富、生动形象。

多媒体辅助英语教学更快捷、高效，能节省教学时间．增加课堂教学容量；多媒体的视听效果能调动学生多种感官参与学习活动．营造良好的学习环境．视听结合有利于激发学生的学习兴趣，提高记忆效率；多媒体辅助教学为师生语言交际提供了更大的思维空间．为英语课堂教学的多边互动提供了便利条件，提高了课堂教学的效率。

Teaching Content: This lesson is about the new sentence pattern"by doing". It can help the students to talk about how they study. Teaching Objectives :
( 1 ) Knowledge objective
Students could master some expressions of English learning methods and sentence patterns like "I study ... by ...".
(2) Ability objective
Students could talk about how to learn English and describe their study in sentence pattern "by doing".
(3) Emotional objective
Students could help others to learn English while communicating. It can strengthen their confidence.
Teaching Key Points:
(1) Master the usage of sentence patterns like "How do you study ... I study ... by ...".
(2) Express their ideas in the "by doing" structure.
Teaching Difficult Points:
Describe English learning methods with abundant vocabulary and use these methods effectively.
Teaching Aids :
Multi-media, some related pictures.
Teaching Procedures :
Step 1 Leading in and Warming up (5 minutes)
The teacher will play a video and lead in the topic"learning to learn". Students will talk about some learning methods they know with the language structure "by doing"
(Justifications: Playing a related video will help students recall their old times of studying and make preparations for the next step.)
Step 2 Presentation (10 minutes)
(1) Students use the pictures on Page 1 to predict phrases about learning methods with the language structure "by doing".
(2) Students will do exercise from la.
(Justifications: Students will understand the usage of"by doing" better through this part. They can also master some phrases related to English learning methods.)
Step 3 Listening (10 minutes)
Students will do some listening exercises from lb, 2a and 2b. They can gain some methods to learn English while listening.
(Justifications: Students will know the usage of"by doing" completely through listening materials. Also, they can imitate pronunciation from listening materials and gain key phrases from listening exercises.)
Step 4 Practice (10 minutes)
Two students work in a group to do a conversation exercise according to the content from 2a and 2b.
(Justifications: Students can practice making conversations according to listening materials and enhance their understanding of the usage of "by doing".)
Step 5 Consolidation (5 minutes)
Two students work in a group to practice the conversation. Then change their roles.
(Justifications : Students will enhance their understanding of English learning and improve the skills of listening and speaking.)
Step 6 Summary and Homework (5 minutes)
Summary: Students will recall what they have learned today. The teacher can repeat them.
Homework: Students will do some exercise on the textbook and make sentences with "by doing".
(Justifications: This will help students recall what they have learned today and check whether they have mastered the knowledge.)
Blackboard Design :
New sentence patterns:
How do you study for a test
I study by working with a group.

(1)优点：教学材料“The Wright Brothers”属于科普性文章，相对来说比较枯燥难懂，材料中所给的表格式板书设计使原本复杂的文章一下子变得简单清晰了很多。有助于学生理清课文的思路，突出重点。久而久之，也可以培养学生把握阅读材料结构思路、获取内容梗概的能力。
(2)缺点：板书的作用在于体现教学意图，突出教学重点，揭示教材思路，强化直观形象，提高教学效率。本板书设计虽然简洁，但是信息量包含太少，没有突出重点。本课为语法课，板书中并没有明确地展示教学重点，学生无法从板书中了解本课的重点所在。另外，板书是教师的微型教案。是教师一节课堂呈现的重要展示，应对学生有一定的吸引力，具有一定的艺术性。该板书仅仅是一个由文字和线条构成的简单表格。不利于吸引学生的注意力。
(3)改进建议：
①教师可以针对课型及教材实际内容，把板书分为两个板块，一个板块用表格呈现文章梗概，方便学生理解文章内容；另一板块列举本节课的语法重点，使学生明确重点，加深理解。
②为了吸引学生注意力，教师可以在板书中加入文字、线条、图案等多种形式的内容，使图文并茂，在帮助学生理解的同时，激发学生的学习兴趣。

Teaching Contents: A passage about online shopping.
Teaching Objectives:
(1) Knowledge objectives
①Students can master the main idea of this passage.
②Students can learn the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping.
(2) Ability objective
Students can improve their reading and communicating abilities through class activities.
(3) Emotional objective
Students can improve their confidence of learning English*, and be not afraid of speaking English in class.
Teaching Key Points:
①Students can understand the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping.
②Students can comprehend the main idea of the passage.
Teaching Difficult Point:
Students can have a reasonable consumption online.
Major Steps:
Step 1 Pre-reading (6 minutes)
(1) Show some questions on the blackboard and ask students to have a discussion.
①Do you know how to buy something on the Internet
②Do you often buy things on the Interact
③What can you buy
(2) Ask students to predict the main idea of this passage.
(Justification: This step can arouse students' interest, and let them know the topic of this reading class.)
Step 2 While-reading (8 minutes)
(1) Fast reading
Ask students to read this short passage quickly in oneminute, and then conclude the main idea of each paragraph.
Ask students to examine their forecasts and conclude the main topic of this passage.
(Justification: Students can develop their skimming ability in this step.)
(2) Careful reading
Let students read this passage carefully again.
Show the table on the blackboard and ask students to discuss about the online shopping. Then ask some studentsto share their answers.

(Justification: Different ways of exploiting the text can help students not merely to cope with one particular textin class but to develop their reading strategies and reading ability.)
Step 3 Post-reading (6 minutes)
Choose two volunteers to have an interview about online shopping. One student acts as interviewer and the otherinterviewee. The knowledge they have learned in this class needs to be used in this interview.
(Justification: Students have the interview in their own way, which helps to make practical use of what they learnin this period. At the same time, students can have a better understanding of the topic.)

【参考设计】
Teaching Contents: A lesson about describing the weather.
Teaching Objectives:
Knowledge objectives
(1) Students could have a good command of these following words.
rain, windy, cloudy, sunny, snow, weather
(2) Students could master these following sentence patterns.
How' s the weather
It's cloudy./It's sunny./It's raining.
Ability objective Students could know how to describe the weather.
Emotional objectives
(1) According to the guide of teaching, students could cultivate the good habits of protecting environment and other natural resources.
(2) According to talk about the weather, students could learn how to get on well with others.
Teaching Key Points:
Master the vocabularies and sentence patterns expertly.
Teaching Difficult Point:
Learn how to describe different weather in different places.
Teaching Aid:
Multi-media
Teaching Procedures :
Step I Lead-in (5 minutes)
The teacher uses multi-media to present some pictures of different weather.
T:"There are many different weather in different seasons. Different weather has different meanings to our life.
This class we will learn the weather. Now everyone has to speak out different kinds of weather as many as possible and the one who speak out the most will get a red paper star."
(Justification: These pictures on the screen can help students to know what they will learn this class. The brainstorming will stimulate their interests and incentives. )
Step 2 Presentation (15 minutes)
(1) The teacher plays the tape and asks them to listen to the tape recorder and guess the weather. At the same time, write the important sentence pattern "How's the weather " on the blackboard.
(2) Guide students to observe the weather in the five places and finish la.
(3) Make students listen to the tape, and then write the right places (lb) in the boxes above (la).
(Justification: At this step, their ability of listening for specific information will be well developed, and their participation will increase. The teacher also could guide them to speak out the key sentences.)
Step 3 Practice (10 minutes)
(1) Pair work
①Two students in a pair, speak out the weather in the five places, and check the answer of lb.
② Make a dialogue to ask the weather.
S1: How's the weather
$2: It's rainny. How's the weather in Beijing
SI: It's sunny.
(2) Group work
The teacher gives a sentence pattern"Look!The weather in ... is ...". Let students complete the sentence by using the words they have learned. Ten students in a group, which group do the best in ten minutes will be given some gifts after the class.
(Justification: This step is mainly to practice their speaking and listening skills by putting the knowledge into their daily life. This activity can let them enjoy the study.)
Step 4 Consolidation (lO minutes)
Students should write down the words they have heard from the teacher. Then check the words, if there is a mistakes, they need more practice after class.
(Justification: This step will deepen students' impression of these words and make students realize their mistakes. It's also make students know how to review after class.)
Step 5 Summary and Homework (5 minutes)
Summary: The teacher asks one student to give a summary for this class.
Homework: The teacher asks students to review the new words they have learned in this class and try to make sentences using them.
(Justification: Summary can help students to consolidate the knowledge what they have learned in the class and the homework gives a guidance for review.)
Blackboard Design:
Words: Sentences:
rain, windy, cloudy, How's the weather
sunny, snow, weatherIt's cloudy./It's sunny./It's raining.
Teaching Reflection.

英语阅读教学常用教学模式有三种：自上而下的模式、自下而上的模式和交互补偿模式。
(1)自上而下的模式(the top-down aproach)是在对语言层次的词语进行解码时，同样也运用自己的知识对文章的下文进行预测，阅读检验自己的预测、修订自己的预测、进行新的预测。教师可以向学生介绍一些背景知识，预测文章内容，验证预测内容，从而到最后的理解文意。
(2)自下而上的模式(the bottom，up approach)是从字母到单词，到句子，逐个进行解码从而理解全文。该模式在阅读教学中比较看重词汇教学，包括读前讲授单词和阅读过程中词语用法的分析。
(3)交互补偿模式(the interactive-compensatory approach)是以上两种模式的结合，是比较科学的模式。它既强调背景知识、上下文预测的重要性．又不忽视单词、短语的解码能力，迅速捕捉关键信息以理解阅读材料的重要性，反映了阅读过程的本质。

规范、工整、美观的板书不但具有示范作用，还能使学生以愉悦的心境感知、理解、记忆，提高学习效率。板书设计合理与否直接影响学生对教师教学意图的理解和对教学重点、难点的把握．直接影响学生的课堂学习效率。科学合理的板书设计可以使一节课的重点、难点一目了然．使教学内容条理清楚，不但能够提高视觉记忆效果．还能引导学生思路．启发学生进行高水平创造性思维。
根据板书的内容和结构，英语板书可分为线索式、提纲式、表格式、流程式板书等。
(1)线索式板书是根据教学内容，用表示时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果等的关键词为板书主线进行的板书设计。
(2)提纲式板书是按顺序对具有纲目作用的教学内容要点进行板书。
(3)表格式板书是用表格呈现重点内容或课文的篇章结构。
(4)流程式板书是用文字、线条和关系框图等将分散的相关知识或内容按流程顺序进行排列．以揭示教学内容系统中的若干要素及其联系。

本题考查软件需求的基础知识。功能需求描述了用户使用产品必须要完成的任务，UML的用例图可以用来对功能需求建模。非功能需求描述软件解决方案必须具有的质量特性，如性能、安全等。过程约束是对用于构建系统的技术和资源的限制。设计约束是已经做出的设计决策或限制问题解决方案集的设计决策

(1)呈现演示的原则
①呈现演示的方式方法要根据教学内容、对象来定;
②呈现语言要简洁易懂，一般不用学生未学过的词汇;
③要富有直观性、趣味性和启发性;
④尽量使用英语，必要时使用母语;
⑤把利用环境和创造情景统一起来。
(2)教学目标
知识与技能目标：
①能够在图片和教师的帮助下理解对话大意。
②能够在语境中理解It’s tall/short/fat.的语用功能，并在图片或动作等帮助下，使用It’s+adj.描述动物的外形特征。
③能够朗读对话，并能进行角色表演。
④能够用简笔画出常见小动物，并运用学到的语言结构描述自己的作品。
过程与方法目标：通过绘画来描述动物的特征，学会形义结合，来加深对句型的掌握。
情感态度与价值观目标：增强保护动物的意识。
(3)新知呈现：
①Present the sentences
a.The teacher presents a picture of pig.
T：Look at the pig.It’s so fat.(教师借助语气和动作进行教学，引导学生跟读)
Ss：It’s so fat.
b.Teacher shows the picture of giraffe.
T：Look at the giraffe.It’s so tall.(教师借助语气和动作进行教学，引导学生跟读)
Ss：It’s so tall.
C.Teacher presents the picture of panda.
T：Look at tlle Danda.Is it tall?
Ss：No.
T(做动作)：It’s so short.It’s short and fat.(引导学生跟读)
S：It’s short and fat.
T：I’m also short and fat.(做动作加表情)Do you think so?
S：…
(设计意图：呈现有趣的动物图片，吸引学生的注意力，通过语言、表情和肢体动作等辅助教学，让学生加深对单词和句型的意义的理解，学生学起来会觉得比较轻松。)
②Listen and answer
The teacher asks students to listen to the dialogue twice and tells them to try to answer two questions：
a.Who is tall?
b.Who is short and fat?
The teacher asks some students to answer the questions and gives them some assessment.
(设计意图：学生带着问题有目的地进行听力训练。一方面能够锻炼学生的听力能力.另一方面能够加深学生对新句型的理解。)