共用题干 1. Icebergs are among nature's most spectacular（壮观的）creations , and yet most people have never seen one.A vague air of mystery envelops them.They come into being somewhere in faraway, frigid waters,amid thunderous noise and splashing turbulence,which

共用题干
1. Icebergs are among nature's most spectacular（壮观的）creations , and yet most people have never seen one.A vague air of mystery envelops them.They come into being somewhere in faraway, frigid waters,amid thunderous noise and splashing turbulence,which in most case no one hears or sees. They exist only a short time and then slowly waste away（消融）just as unnoticed.
2. Objects of sheerest（最纯粹的）beauty they have been called. Appearing in an endless vaniety of shapes,they may be dazzlingly white,or they may be glassy blue,green or purple,tinted faintly on in darker hues.They are graceful, stately,inspiring in calm,sunlight seas.
3.But they are also called frightening and dangerous,and that they are一in the night,in the fog,and in storms.Even in clear weather one is wise to stay a safe distance away from them.Most of their bulk is hidden below the water,so their underwater parts may extend out far beyond the visible top.Also,they may roll over unexpectedly,churning the waters around them.
4.Icebergs are parts of glaciers that break off,drift into the water,float about awhile,and finally melt.Icebergs afloat today are made of snowflakes that have fallen over long ages of time.They embody snows that drifted down hundreds,or many thousands,or in some cases maybe a million years ago.The snows fell in polar region and on cold mountains,where they melted only a little or not at all,and so collected to great depths over the years and centuries.As each year's snow accumulation lay on the surface,evaporation and melting caused the snowflakes slowly to lose their feathery points and become tiny grains of ice.When new snow fell on top of the old,it too turned to icy grains.So blankets of snow and ice grains mounted layer upon layer and were of such great thickness that the weight of the upper layers compressed the lower ones.With time and pressure from above, the many small ice grains joined and changed to larger crystals,and eventually the deeper crystals merged into a solid mass of ice.

Even in clear weather one is wise to_________.
A:larger than the part above the water
B:stay near the iceberg
C:melt away just as unnoticed
D:larger crystals
E:stay away from iceberg
F:above the water

共用题干
第二篇

Fear

Fear is something that always remains in our heart. We can never eliminate fear from our life. Fear of failing in exams which can make a negative impact in someone's career,and fear of speaking in public where majority of human think that people will make fun of them.Fear of not being liked, fear of storms and floods,fear of being alone and many others are all very common examples of fear.
Fear can also affect our physical beings like pounding of the heart,rapid pulse rate,tense muscles,dryness of the throat,churning in the stomach,confusion,fainting,and the inability to concentrate.These things are also very common.Fear is only hidden somewhere inside our bodies, pushing us to work hard and moving us forward to overcome our weaknesses.
Fear is the way to our success.I had a very bad experience of fear in my childhood days.My father told me that if I got bad grades another time in my school exams,then he would kick me out of his home and would never allow me to come back again.This sentence of my father stuck in my mind because one of my friends in school at that time recently became homeless.He belonged to a poor family,and his father had lost a big amount of money in a small business near his home.So, the problems he was facing from homelessness made me work hard in my exams;otherwise,I might have been kicked out of home by my father.
Fear sometimes can be motivating,and help us to do those things which we think and believe that we can never do.One of the most common fear inducing activities,for example,is swimming. This is primarily caused by most of us not having a background in swimming and only taking it up because it is part of the sport. Additionally,most humans are uncomfortable in the water as a general rule because of the fear of drowning. This fear of drowning is innately strong,and similar common or strong fears tend not to exist when it comes to cycling or running because they are land based activities.

Which of the following is not a person's physical reaction to fear?
A:Fast pulse rate.
B:Being focused.
C:Feeling confused.
D:Tense muscles.

Major earthquakes are among nature’s most decaying events,causing an（ ）loss of life and property.

A.unmentionable
B.unprofitable
C.insurmountable
D.incalculable

共用题干
To Survive or to Vanish

1.Over 3.6 billion years ago,the first creature was born in the world.Since then,the earth started its era with life.The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things and their surroundings.To a large extent,the physical form and the habits of the earth's vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment. Considering the whole span of earthly time,the opposite effect,in which life actually modifies its surroundings,has been relatively slight. Only in the present century has one species一man acquired significant power to alter the nature of his world.
2.During the past 25 years,this power has not only become increasingly great but it has changed in character. The most alarming of all man's assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air,earth,rivers,and sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part irrecoverable.In this now universal contamination of the environment,chemicals are the sinister partners of radiation in changing the very nature of the world the very nature of its life. Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests or gardens lie long in soil,entering into living organisms, passing from one to another in a chain of poisoning and death.Or they pass mysteriously by underground streams until they emerge and combine into new forms that kill vegetation,sicken cattle,and work unknown harm on those who drink from once pure wells."Man can hardly even recognize the devils of his own creation,"as a scientist has said.
3.Hundreds of millions of years have passed before the globe produced the life that now inhabits the earth.Given time not in years but in millennia life adjusts,and a balance has been reached.But in the modern world there is no time.
4.The quick steps of change follows the impetuous pace of man rather than the deliberate pace of nature.Radiation is now the unnatural creation of man's tampering with the atom.The chemicals are the synthetic creations of man's inventive mind,having no counterparts in nature.
5.To survive these chemicals would require not merely the years of one man's life but the life of generations.And even this,were it by some miracle possible,would be futile,for the new chemicals come from our laboratories in an endless stream;almost five hundred annually find their way into actual use in the United States alone.Among them are many that are used in man's war against nature.Since the mid l940's over 200 basic chemicals have been created for use in killing insects,weeds,and other organisms described as"pests".
6.It is not my contention that chemical insecticides must never he used.I do contend that we have put poisonous and biologically potent chemicals indiscriminately into the hands of persons largely or wholly ignorant of their potentials for harm. We have subjected enormous numbers of people to contact with these poisons,without their consent and often without their knowledge.I contend,furthermore,that we have allowed these chemicals to be used with little or no advance investigation of their effect on soil,water,wildlife,and man himself. Future generations are unlikely to forgive our lack of concern for the integrity of the natural world that supports all life.

Human's pollution on nature is for the most part_______.
A:man's tampering with the atom
B:enormous numbers of people to contact with these poisons
C:the integrity of the natural world that supports all life
D:inventive
E:irrecoverable
F:relatively slight

共用题干
Cities“Worse to Live in Than 20 Years Ago”
One thousand people were surveyed about a range of issues which affect cities,and the re-markable findings show that life in today's mega-cities is so stressful that at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town.
The stress of the getting from A to B in big cities is at the top of the list of problems.For many people,the daily commute to work is a source of frustration.40% of the people in the sur-vey have suffered from road rage while stuck in traffic on the way to work.The cost of public transport is also a serious problem.Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high and that they have to devote more than 10% of their salary to transport costs.
The general cost of living in cities is another problem.The high property prices in most big cities put buying a property out of reach of most first-time buyers.Many young people are priced out of the housing market,and have to take in lodgers to make ends meet,or rent over-priced flats miles away from the city centre .In London,for instance,the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.
Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.Crime rates have rocketed in many big cities,and many say there are several dangerous no-go areas in their city.Fear of crime is on the increase-street crimes,such as mugging and assault,are now very common-and many are afraid of going out at night alone.
Many were also concerned by the lack of green spaces and play facilities for children.Most major conurbations（有卫星城的大都市）surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gar- dens than a generation ago.Planning permission seems to have been given for an ever-greater number of supermarkets,office developments and apartments on sites where there were previously green spaces.Many of the respondents in the survey said they felt stressed and suffocated in the city,a problem which is compounded by pollution.
And finally,the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollu-lion—the roar of traffic , the sound of loud music blaring（发刺耳声）out of a neighbour's win-dow,and the constant sound of activity.It is not surprising,then,that the levels of stress-related illnesses among people who live in cities are higher than ever before .Big cities,once a mecca for ambitious people seeking fameJ and fortune,are now less and less popular among people of all ages .Perhaps the 21st century is set to be the century of the small town and the countryside.

Noise pollution is seen as a big problem by most people in the survey.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned

共用题干
Natural Medicines
Since earliest days,humans have used some kinds of medicines.We know this because humans have survived.Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying out completely.
They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny（发亮的）instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment.
Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. Nor do they have expensive hospitals.Yet injuries are treated.And diseases are often cured.How?By ancient methods. By medicines that might seem mysterious , even magical（有魔力的）.Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical,however.
Through the centuries , tribal（部落的）medicine men experimented with plants. They found
many useful chemicals in the plants.And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines
may provide the cure for some of today's most serious diseases.
Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care.These natural medicines are used not just because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas,few people think about the source of the medicines they buy in a store .Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources,especially plants.
Some experts say more than 25%of modem medicines come,in one way or another,from nature.
Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory. All living things contain chemicals that help them survive .So scientists' interest in traditional medicine is not new.But it has become an urgent concern.This is because the earth's supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly.

It can be seen from the passage that the earth's supply of natural medicines______.
A: may never be exhausted
B: may be dropping rapidly
C: is surprisingly big
D: is as rich as ever

共用题干
Natural Medicines
Since earliest days,humans have used some kinds of medicines.We know this because hu- mans have survived .Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep hu- mans from dying out completely.
They were successful long before the time of modern medicine.Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny（发亮的）instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment.
Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors.Nor do they have ex-pensive hospitals.Yet injuries are treated.And diseases are often cured.How?By ancient meth- ods. By medicines that might seem mysterious, even magical（有魔力的）.Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical,however.
Through the centuries, tribal（部落的）medicine men experimented with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants.And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provide the cure for some of today's most serious diseases.
Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care.These natural medicines are used not just because people have no other form of treatment.They are used be-cause people trust them.In developed areas,few people think about the source of the medicines they buy in a store .Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources,especially plants. Some experts say more than 25%of modern medicines come,in one way or another,from nature.
Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory.All living things contain chemicals that help them survive.So scientists' interest in traditional medicine is not new.But it has become an urgent concern.This is because the earth's supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly.

It can be seen from the passage that the earth's supply of natural medicines______.
A: may never be exhausted
B: may be dropping rapidly
C: is surprisingly big
D: is as rich as ever

共用题干
1. Icebergs are among nature's most spectacular（壮观的）creations , and yet most people have never seen one.A vague air of mystery envelops them.They come into being somewhere in faraway, frigid waters,amid thunderous noise and splashing turbulence,which in most case no one hears or sees. They exist only a short time and then slowly waste away（消融）just as unnoticed.
2. Objects of sheerest（最纯粹的）beauty they have been called. Appearing in an endless vaniety of shapes,they may be dazzlingly white,or they may be glassy blue,green or purple,tinted faintly on in darker hues.They are graceful, stately,inspiring in calm,sunlight seas.
3.But they are also called frightening and dangerous,and that they are一in the night,in the fog,and in storms.Even in clear weather one is wise to stay a safe distance away from them.Most of their bulk is hidden below the water,so their underwater parts may extend out far beyond the visible top.Also,they may roll over unexpectedly,churning the waters around them.
4.Icebergs are parts of glaciers that break off,drift into the water,float about awhile,and finally melt.Icebergs afloat today are made of snowflakes that have fallen over long ages of time.They embody snows that drifted down hundreds,or many thousands,or in some cases maybe a million years ago.The snows fell in polar region and on cold mountains,where they melted only a little or not at all,and so collected to great depths over the years and centuries.As each year's snow accumulation lay on the surface,evaporation and melting caused the snowflakes slowly to lose their feathery points and become tiny grains of ice.When new snow fell on top of the old,it too turned to icy grains.So blankets of snow and ice grains mounted layer upon layer and were of such great thickness that the weight of the upper layers compressed the lower ones.With time and pressure from above, the many small ice grains joined and changed to larger crystals,and eventually the deeper crystals merged into a solid mass of ice.

Icebergs exist only a short time and then slowly__________.
A:larger than the part above the water
B:stay near the iceberg
C:melt away just as unnoticed
D:larger crystals
E:stay away from iceberg
F:above the water

共用题干
第二篇

Fear

Fear is something that always remains in our heart. We can never eliminate fear from our life. Fear of failing in exams which can make a negative impact in someone's career,and fear of speaking in public where majority of human think that people will make fun of them.Fear of not being liked, fear of storms and floods,fear of being alone and many others are all very common examples of fear.
Fear can also affect our physical beings like pounding of the heart,rapid pulse rate,tense muscles,dryness of the throat,churning in the stomach,confusion,fainting,and the inability to concentrate.These things are also very common.Fear is only hidden somewhere inside our bodies, pushing us to work hard and moving us forward to overcome our weaknesses.
Fear is the way to our success.I had a very bad experience of fear in my childhood days.My father told me that if I got bad grades another time in my school exams,then he would kick me out of his home and would never allow me to come back again.This sentence of my father stuck in my mind because one of my friends in school at that time recently became homeless.He belonged to a poor family,and his father had lost a big amount of money in a small business near his home.So, the problems he was facing from homelessness made me work hard in my exams;otherwise,I might have been kicked out of home by my father.
Fear sometimes can be motivating,and help us to do those things which we think and believe that we can never do.One of the most common fear inducing activities,for example,is swimming. This is primarily caused by most of us not having a background in swimming and only taking it up because it is part of the sport. Additionally,most humans are uncomfortable in the water as a general rule because of the fear of drowning. This fear of drowning is innately strong,and similar common or strong fears tend not to exist when it comes to cycling or running because they are land based activities.

Which of the following parts is not covered in the passage?
A:Examples of fear.
B:Positive impact of fear on people.
C:How to overcome fear of swimming.
D:Why the author's friend became homeless.

共用题干
A Good Idea

No satisfactory way exists to explain how to form a good idea. You think about a problem until you're tired,forget it,maybe sleep on it,and then flash!
When you aren't thinking about it,suddenly the answer arrives as a gift from the gods.Of course,all ideas don't occur like that but so many do,particularly the most important ones. They burst into the mind,glowing with the heat of creation.How they do it is a mystery,but they must come from somewhere.
Let's assume they come from the"unconscious".This is reasonable,for psychologists use this term to describe mental processes,which are unknown to the individual.Creative thought depends on what was unknown becoming known.
All of us have experienced this sudden arrival of a new idea,but it is easiest to examine it in the great creative personalities,many of whom experienced it in an intensified form and have written it down in their life stories and letters.
One can draw examples from genius in any field,from religion,philosophy,and literature to art and music,even in mathematics,science,and technical invention,although these are often thought to depend only on logic and experiment.All truly creative activities depend in some degree on these signals from the unconscious,and the more highly insightful the person,the sharper and more dramatic the signals become.

Only insightful people have the signals from the unconscious.
A: Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
第三篇
Alaska
In 1959 Americans welcomed Alaska into the Union as the 49th state,symbolizing a change of attitude from that held in 1867, when the peninsula（半岛）was purchased from Russia.Then, most Americans had little interest in 1,500,000 square kilometers"of icebergs and polar bears"-beyond Canada's western borders,far from the settled areas of the United States.
In those sections of the state which lie above the Arctic Circle,Alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bears.Ice masses lie buried in the earth.From early May until early August,the midnight sun never :ts on this flat,treeless region,but the sun cannot melt the icy soil more than two-thirds of a meter down.
Alaska is America's largest state,but only about 325,000 people live there.According to estimates, 800，000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing but only about 640,000 hectares are being cultivated?
Arctic Alaska has been the home of Eskimos for countless centuries.It is believed that the Eskimos moved there from Mongolia or Siberia,probably crossing Bering Strait,named for Vitus Bering,the Danish ea captain who discovered Alaska on his voyage for Russia in 1741.The Eskimos are the state's earliest known inhabitants.Russian fur traders established settlements but,by the time Alaska was sold to the United States,most of the traders had departed.
In 1896 gold was discovered near the Klondike River in Canada just across the Alaskan border.Thousands of Americans rushed to the region on their way to Klondike;some never returned.Alaska was ,ever completely cut off again,although even today transportation is a major problem.There are only two motor routes from the US mainland,and within the state,every town has its own airfield.Planes fly passengers,mail and freight to the most distant villages.
The gold that changed life so suddenly for Alaska was soon ended,and although many stories about fining camps have become part of American literature,the gold from Alaskan earth contributed less to ,economic progress than the fish from Alaskan waters.The fish?caught in a single year range in value from $80 million to $90 million.Fur一bearing animals are plentiful in the forests and streams,and valuable fur seals inhabit the waters.After fishing,the state's chief industry is lumber and the production of wood pulp（纸浆）.In recent years,Alaska's single most important resource has become oil.The state also has large deposits of coal,copper,gold and other minerals.

Which of the following is true about Alaska?
A:The sun never sets on its land in May.
B:Some of its land is fit for plowing.
C:It is a mountainous land.
D:It has two seasons:spring and winter.

共用题干
Natural Medicines
Since earliest days,humans have used some kinds of medicines.We know this because humans have survived.Ancient treatments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying out completely.
They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny（发亮的）instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment.
Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. Nor do they have expensive hospitals.Yet injuries are treated.And diseases are often cured.How?By ancient methods. By medicines that might seem mysterious , even magical（有魔力的）.Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical,however.
Through the centuries , tribal（部落的）medicine men experimented with plants. They found
many useful chemicals in the plants.And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines
may provide the cure for some of today's most serious diseases.
Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care.These natural medicines are used not just because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas,few people think about the source of the medicines they buy in a store .Yet many widely-used medicines are from ancient sources,especially plants.
Some experts say more than 25%of modem medicines come,in one way or another,from nature.
Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical factory. All living things contain chemicals that help them survive .So scientists' interest in traditional medicine is not new.But it has become an urgent concern.This is because the earth's supply of natural medicines may be dropping rapidly.

It is believed by scientists that traditional medicines______.
A: can cure all kinds of diseases
B: may cure some of today's most serious diseases
C: are no longer useful for modern men
D: are too cheap to be useful

Culture differences 【文化差异】
　　People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, sometimes without realizing it. Most Americans ___A__1___ out of the country and have very __B___2____ experience with foreigners. But they are usually spontaneous, friendly and open, and enjoy __C__3____ new people, having guests and bringing people together formally or informally. They tend to use first names __D__4____ most situations and speak freely about themselves. So if your American hosts do something that ___A__5___ you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel. Most people will _C__6___ your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again. And you’ll all __C___7______ something about another culture!
　　Many travelers find _____8__B___ easier to meet people in the U.S. than in other countries. They may just come up and introduce themselves or even invite you over ____9__D_ they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to be _C___10___. Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just __A__11____ a good time. Just like anywhere else, it takes time to become real friends __A__12____ people in the U.S..
　　If and when you ___D__13____ American friends, they will probably _D___14____ introducing you to their friends and family, and if they seem proud ___A__15____ you, it’s probably because they are. Relax and enjoy it!
文章(51~65)

A) have never been B) have been never C) has never been D) has been never