The architecture of an embedded system is an abstraction of the embedded device,meaning that it is a______of the system that typically doesn't show detailed implementation information such as software source code or hardware circuit design.A.specializatio
题目
B.computer
C.generalization
D.design
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第1题：
The(74)has several major components, including the system kernel, a memory management system, the file system manager, device drivers, and the system libraries.
A．application
B．information system
C．network
D．operating system
正确答案：D
解析：操作系统有几个主要组成部分，主要包括系统内核、内存管理、文件系统管理、设备驱动管理和系统库等。 -
第2题：
The(72)has several major components, including the system kernel, a memory management system, the file system manager, device drivers, and the system libraries.
A．application
B．information system
C．operating system
D．iterative
正确答案：C
解析：本题考操场作系统的管理要素。 -
第3题：
Embedded system is(66)special computer system which is scalable on both software and(67). It can satisfy the strict requirement of functionality,(68), cost, volume, and power consumption of the particular application. With rapid development of(69)design and manufacture, CPUs became cheap. Lots of(70)electronics have embedded CPU and thus became embedded systems. For example, PDAs, cellphones, point-of-sale devices, VCRs, industrial robot control, or even your toasters can be embedded system.
A．cost-oriented
B．applieation-oriented
C．efficiency-oriented
D．consumption-oriented
正确答案：B
解析：试题(66)分析；A．cost-oriented为面向成本控制，B．application-oriented为面向应用，C．efficiency-oriented为效率优先，D．consumption-oriented为面向消费，故B选项更符合嵌入式系统的定义。
嵌入式系统是以应用为中心，以计算机技术为基础，并且软硬件可裁剪，适用于应用系统对功能、可靠性、成本、体积和功耗等有严格要求的专用计算机系统。它一般由嵌入式微处理器、外围硬件设备、嵌入式操作系统以及用户的应用程序等四个部分组成，用于实现对其他设备的控制、监视和管理等功能。
试题(67)分析：嵌入式系统是软硬件可裁剪的，包含硬件和软件两个方面，故和 software相对应的为hardware，应选D。
试题(68)分析：嵌入式系统对功能、可靠性、成本、体积和功耗等有严格的要求，该选项主要考察对嵌入式的可靠性的要求，在这四个选项中，C选项reliability为可靠性的准确表达，故应选C。
试题(69)分析；随着集成电路(IC)设计和制造技术的快速发展，CPU的价格变得越来越便宜。选项A.IC全称为Integrate Circuit，为合适的选择。
试题(70)分析；越来越多的消费类电子中使用了嵌入式CPU，也就成为了嵌入式系统。如PDA、手机、POS机、VCR和工业机器人控制器等。故C选项consumer符合消费类电子的意思，为该题的正确选项。 -
第4题：
The(71)has several major components, including the system kernel, a memory management system, the file system manager, device drivers, and the system libraries.
A．application
B．information system
C．operating system
D．information processing
正确答案：C
解析：操作系统包含以下主要部件：系统内核、内存管理系统、文件管理系统、设备驱动程序和系统库。 -
第5题：
Which command shows system hardware and software version information?()A.show configuration
B.show environment
C.show inventory
D.show platform
E.show version
参考答案：E
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第6题：
Unlike more traditional embedded systems, a full-fledged CPS is typically designed as a （ ）of interacting elements with physical input and output instead of as standalone devices.A.. system
B.mechanism
C.net
D.network答案：D解析：翻译：与传统的嵌入式系统不同的是，CPS系统是一种可以使元素与物理上的输入和输出进行交互的网络系统，而不是单独的设备。A．系统 B．机制 C．网 D．网络系统 -
第7题：
An application architecture specifies the technologies to be used to implement one or more information systems. It serves as an outline for detailed design, construction, and implementation. Given the models and details, include （ ）, we can distribute data and processes to create a general design of application architecture. The design will normally be constrained by architecture standards, project objectives, and （ ）. The first physical DFD to be drawn is the （请作答此空）. The next step is to distribute data stores to different processors. Data（ ）are two types of distributed data which most RDBMSs support. There are many distribution options used in data distribution. In the case of（ ）, we should record each table as a data store on the physical DFD and connect each to the appropriate server.A.context DFD
B.system DFD
C.network architecture DFD
D.event-response DFD答案：C解析：应用架构说明了实现一个或多个信息系统所使用的技术，它作为详细设计、构造和实现的一个大纲。给定了包括逻辑数据流图和实体联系图在内的模型和详细资料，我们可以分配数据和过程以创建应用架构的一个概要设计。概要设计通常会受到架构标准、项目目标和所使用技术的可行性的制约。需要绘制的第一个物理数据流图是网络架构数据流图。接下来是分配数据存储到不同的处理器。数据分区和复制是大多数关系型数据库支持的两种分布式数据形式。有许多分配方法用于数据分布。在不同服务器上存储特定表的情况下，我们应该将每个表记为物理数据流图中的一个数据存储，并将其连接到相应的服务器。 -
第8题：
The architecture design specifies the overall architecture and the placement of software and hardware that will be used. Architecture design is a very complex process that is often left to experienced architecture designers and consultants. The first step is to refine the ( 请作答此空) into more detailed requirements that are then employed to help select the architecture to be used and the software components to be placed on each device. In a (), one also has to decide whether to use a two-tier, three-tier, or n-tier architecture. Then the requirements and the architecturedesign are used to develop the hardware and software specification. There are four primary types of nonfunctional requirements that can be important in designing the architecture. () specify the operating environment(s) in which the system must perform and how those may change over time. () focus on the nonfunctional requirements issues such as response time, capacity, and reliability. () are the abilities to protect the information system from disruption and data loss, whether caused by an intentional act. Cultural and political requirements are specific to the countries in which the system will be used.
A. functional requirements
功能需求
B. nonfunctional requirements
非功能需求
C. system constraint
系统约束
D. system operational environment
系统运行环境答案：B解析：体系结构设计指定了将使用的总体架构和软件和硬件的位置。架构设计是一个非常复杂的过程，通常留给经验丰富的架构设计师和顾问。第一步是将非功能需求细化为更详细的需求，然后使用这些需求来帮助选择要使用的体系结构和将要放置在每个设备上的软件组件。在客户端-服务器体系结构，也决定是否使用双层、三层或多层结构。然后，需求和体系结构设计用于开发硬件和软件规范。有四种主要类型的非功能需求在设计架构中是很重要的。操作要求指定操作环境，系统必须执行和那些可能会随时间而改变。性能要求关注非功能性需求的问题，如响应时间、容量和可靠性。安全要求的能力来保护信息系统的中断和数据丢失，无论是通过故意行为造成。文化和政治要求是具体的国家将使用该系统。 -
第9题：
The architecture design specifies the overall architecture and the placement of software and hardware that will be used. Architecture design is a very complex process that is often left to experienced architecture designers and consultants. The first step is to refine the () into more detailed requirements that are then employed to help select the architecture to be used and the software components to be placed on each device. In a (), one also has to decide whether to use a two-tier, three-tier, or n-tier architecture. Then the requirements and the architecturedesign are used to develop the hardware and software specification. There are four primary types of nonfunctional requirements that can be important in designing the architecture. (请作答此空 ) specify the operating environment(s) in which the system must perform and how those may change over time. () focus on the nonfunctional requirements issues such as response time, capacity, and reliability. () are the abilities to protect the information system from disruption and data loss, whether caused by an intentional act. Cultural and political requirements are specific to the countries in which the system will be used.
A. client-based architecture
操作要求
B. server-based architecture
速度要求
C. network architecture
存取控制要求
D. client-server architecture
定制要求答案：A解析：体系结构设计指定了将使用的总体架构和软件和硬件的位置。架构设计是一个非常复杂的过程，通常留给经验丰富的架构设计师和顾问。第一步是将非功能需求细化为更详细的需求，然后使用这些需求来帮助选择要使用的体系结构和将要放置在每个设备上的软件组件。在客户端-服务器体系结构，也决定是否使用双层、三层或多层结构。然后，需求和体系结构设计用于开发硬件和软件规范。有四种主要类型的非功能需求在设计架构中是很重要的。操作要求指定操作环境，系统必须执行和那些可能会随时间而改变。性能要求关注非功能性需求的问题，如响应时间、容量和可靠性。安全要求的能力来保护信息系统的中断和数据丢失，无论是通过故意行为造成。文化和政治要求是具体的国家将使用该系统。 -
第10题：
The architecture design specifies the overall architecture and the placement of software and hardware that will be used. Architecture design is a very complex process that is often left to experienced architecture designers and consultants. The first step is to refine the () into more detailed requirements that are then employed to help select the architecture to be used and the software components to be placed on each device. In a (), one also has to decide whether to use a two-tier, three-tier, or n-tier architecture. Then the requirements and the architecturedesign are used to develop the hardware and software specification. There are four primary types of nonfunctional requirements that can be important in designing the architecture. () specify the operating environment(s) in which the system must perform and how those may change over time. ( 请作答此空) focus on the nonfunctional requirements issues such as response time, capacity, and reliability. () are the abilities to protect the information system from disruption and data loss, whether caused by an intentional act. Cultural and political requirements are specific to the countries in which the system will be used.
A. Environment requirements
环境要求
B. Maintainability requirements
可维修性要求
C. Performance requirements
性能要求
D. Virus control requirements
病毒控制要求答案：C解析：体系结构设计指定了将使用的总体架构和软件和硬件的位置。架构设计是一个非常复杂的过程，通常留给经验丰富的架构设计师和顾问。第一步是将非功能需求细化为更详细的需求，然后使用这些需求来帮助选择要使用的体系结构和将要放置在每个设备上的软件组件。在客户端-服务器体系结构，也决定是否使用双层、三层或多层结构。然后，需求和体系结构设计用于开发硬件和软件规范。有四种主要类型的非功能需求在设计架构中是很重要的。操作要求指定操作环境，系统必须执行和那些可能会随时间而改变。性能要求关注非功能性需求的问题，如响应时间、容量和可靠性。安全要求的能力来保护信息系统的中断和数据丢失，无论是通过故意行为造成。文化和政治要求是具体的国家将使用该系统。 -
第11题：
Which service component in the design phase describes developing a detailed， site-specific plan for implementing the new technology system or solution（）
- A、Implementation Plan Development
- B、Detailed Design Development
- C、Systems Acceptance Test Plan Development
- D、Staging Plan Development
正确答案:A -
第12题：
单选题How can you verify that you have correctly configured SSH access to your Junos device?（）Auser@router# show system services
Buser@router> show configuration services
Cuser@router# show configuration system services
Duser@router# show system login
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
Originally, the World-Wide Web was designed as information medium for (71) research teams. A deliberately simple implementation model was chosen to make it as simple as possible for authors to (72) documents to the web, and to (73) these in the sense of updating content. This implementation model is centered around the notion of resources, usually file-base D. For the (74) intended use of the web, resources presented a useful abstraction, as they related to relatively self-contained chunks of information such as research publications and (75) pages. Such chunks of information typically could be set up and maintained independently of other resources, so that resources were the appropriate abstraction for composition and modification.
A．all
B．world
C．distributed
D．internet
正确答案：C
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第14题：
The operating system has several major components，including the(64)，a memory management system，the file system manager，device drivers，and the system libraries．
A．application kernel
B．information kernel
C．network kernel
D．system kernel
正确答案：D
解析：操作系统包含几大组成部分，其中有系统内核，内存管理系统，文件系统管理器，设备驱动程序和系统库。 -
第15题：
An embedded operating system is the(71)program that manages all the other programs in an embedded device after initial load of programs by a(an)(72). It normally guarantees a capability within a specified(73)size and(74)constraint as well as with application programs. It also n0rmalty has small foot print including initial boot loader, OS kernel, required device drivers,(75)for the user data and so forth. It has very-likely structure of a normal operating system however mainly differentiated by some factors such as type of pre-installed device, functional limits, taking designed job only.
A．hardware
B．business
C．software
D．external
正确答案：C
解析：试题(71)分析：该题考查嵌入式操作系统的定义，嵌入式操作系统是在boot loader对嵌入式设备进行初始化引导启动后，管理运行在设备上的所有其他程序的软件。故C选择software符合嵌入式系统的定义，为该题的正确选项。
嵌入式操作系统是在引导装入程序(boot loader)对嵌入式设备进行初始化引导启动后，管理运行在设备上的所有其他程序的软件。嵌入式系统在实现应用程序的同时，能保证软件的存储空间和操作的时间满足一定的要求。嵌入式操作系统都较小，一般仅包含初始引导装入程序、操作系统内核、设备驱动程序和用于存储用户数据的文件系统。嵌入式系统与常见的操作系统在结构上非常相似，区分它们的主要因素有预安装设备、功能有限和仅执行特别设计的任务等。
试题(72)分析：该题考查嵌入式系统各个组成部分的功能定义，其中boot loader处于整个软件系统的底层，用于对硬件的初始化引导，相当于PC中的BIOS，故该题选项为D。
试题(73)分析：嵌入式系统在实现应用程序的同时，对软件的存储体积和操作的时间有一定的要求，故B选项storage符合对存储的定义，为正确答案。
试题(74)分析：嵌入式操作系统对程序运行的时间根据优先级的高低限定了时间，对其完成操作的时间进行了限制，保证这个系统的正常运行。故选项为A。
试题(75)分析：嵌入式操作系统中包含设备驱动程序和文件系统，后者用于对用户数据和其他文件的存储。故选择为C。 -
第16题：
The ______ has several major components, including the system kernel, a memory management system, the file system manager, device drivers, and the system libraries.
A．application
B．information system
C．network
D．operating system
正确答案：D
解析：译文的含义是：()有几个主要部件，包括系统内核、存储管理系统、文件系统管理器、设备驱动器和系统库。A、B、C、D各选项的意思依次为：应用软件、信息系统、网络、操作系统，所以本题应该选择D。 -
第17题：
● The （72） has several major components, including the system kernel, a memory management system, the file system manager, device drivers, and the system libraries.
（72）
A. application
B. information system
C. operating system
D. iterative
正确答案：C
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第18题：
An embedded system is an applied computer system,as distinguished from other types of______such as personal computers（PCs）or supercomputers.A.computer systems
B.computer hardware
C.computer software
D.systems答案：A解析： -
第19题：
A requirement is simply a statement of what the system must do or what characteristics it needs to have. Requirements evolve from broad statements of overall （71）from the system to detailed statements of the business capabilities that a system should support to detailed technical statements of the way in which the capabilities will be implemented in the new system. （72）focus on describing how to create the software product that will be produced from the project Nonfunctional requirements are primarily used in the design phase when decisions are made about the user interface, the hardware and software, and the system's underlying architecture. The system's physical and technical environments would be considered （73）. The speed, capacity, and reliability of the system belong to （74）.（75）describes that who has authorized access to the system under what circumstances.
（74）应选？A.security requirement
B.performance requirement
C.technical requirement
D.information requirement答案：B解析：需求只是陈述了系统必须做什么或者系统需要有什么特性，需求来自于从系统总体（71）的广泛陈述到系统所支持业务能力的详细陈述，再到新系统能力实现中所采用方法的详细技术陈述。（72）致力于描述如何创建将在项目中产生的软件产品。非功能性需求主要在设计阶段中做出关于用户界面、硬件和软件，以及系统底层架构的决策时使用。系统的物理和技术环境将被看作一种（73）。系统的速度、能力和可靠性属于（74）。（75）描述了谁在什么情况下具有访问系统的权限。
(74) A.安全性需求 B.性能性需求
C.技术性需求 D.非功能性需求 -
第20题：
The architecture design specifies the overall architecture and the placement of software and hardware that will be used. Architecture design is a very complex process that is often left to experienced architecture designers and consultants. The first step is to refine the () into more detailed requirements that are then employed to help select the architecture to be used and the software components to be placed on each device. In a (), one also has to decide whether to use a two-tier, three-tier, or n-tier architecture. Then the requirements and the architecturedesign are used to develop the hardware and software specification. There are four primary types of nonfunctional requirements that can be important in designing the architecture. () specify the operating environment(s) in which the system must perform and how those may change over time. () focus on the nonfunctional requirements issues such as response time, capacity, and reliability. (请作答此空 ) are the abilities to protect the information system from disruption and data loss, whether caused by an intentional act. Cultural and political requirements are specific to the countries in which the system will be used.
A. Safety requirements
安全要求
B. Security requirements
安全要求
C. Data management requirements
数据管理要求
D. System requirements
系统要求答案：B解析：体系结构设计指定了将使用的总体架构和软件和硬件的位置。架构设计是一个非常复杂的过程，通常留给经验丰富的架构设计师和顾问。第一步是将非功能需求细化为更详细的需求，然后使用这些需求来帮助选择要使用的体系结构和将要放置在每个设备上的软件组件。在客户端-服务器体系结构，也决定是否使用双层、三层或多层结构。然后，需求和体系结构设计用于开发硬件和软件规范。有四种主要类型的非功能需求在设计架构中是很重要的。操作要求指定操作环境，系统必须执行和那些可能会随时间而改变。性能要求关注非功能性需求的问题，如响应时间、容量和可靠性。安全要求的能力来保护信息系统的中断和数据丢失，无论是通过故意行为造成。文化和政治要求是具体的国家将使用该系统。 -
第21题：
The architecture design specifies the overall architecture and the placement of software and hardware that will be used. Architecture design is a very complex process that is often left to experienced architecture designers and consultants. The first step is to refine the () into more detailed requirements that are then employed to help select the architecture to be used and the software components to be placed on each device. In a ( ), one also has to decide whether to use a two-tier, three-tier, or n-tier architecture. Then the requirements and the architecturedesign are used to develop the hardware and software specification. There are four primary types of nonfunctional requirements that can be important in designing the architecture. () specify the operating environment(s) in which the system must perform and how those may change over time. () focus on the nonfunctional requirements issues such as response time, capacity, and reliability. () are the abilities to protect the information system from disruption and data loss, whether caused by an intentional act. Cultural and political requirements are specific to the countries in which the system will be used.
A. client-based architecture
基于客户端的架构
B. server-based architecture
基于服务器的体系结构
C. network architecture
网络体系结构
D. client-server architecture
客户机服务器体系结构答案：D解析：体系结构设计指定了将使用的总体架构和软件和硬件的位置。架构设计是一个非常复杂的过程，通常留给经验丰富的架构设计师和顾问。第一步是将非功能需求细化为更详细的需求，然后使用这些需求来帮助选择要使用的体系结构和将要放置在每个设备上的软件组件。在客户端-服务器体系结构，也决定是否使用双层、三层或多层结构。然后，需求和体系结构设计用于开发硬件和软件规范。有四种主要类型的非功能需求在设计架构中是很重要的。操作要求指定操作环境，系统必须执行和那些可能会随时间而改变。性能要求关注非功能性需求的问题，如响应时间、容量和可靠性。安全要求的能力来保护信息系统的中断和数据丢失，无论是通过故意行为造成。文化和政治要求是具体的国家将使用该系统。 -
第22题：
Which service components develops a plan that identifies the necessary steps to move from an existing system to the Cisco Unified Communications system（）
- A、Migration Plan Development
- B、Detailed Design Development
- C、Staging Plan Development
- D、Implementation Plan Development
正确答案:A -
第23题：
Which command shows system hardware and software version information？（）
- A、show configuration
- B、show environment
- C、show inventory
- D、show platform
- E、show version
正确答案:E