An administrator needs to implement a security patch policy on the network that adheres to an internal SLA. Which of the following actions BEST achieves this task?()A. Define a test server group, install the patches and if successful schedule installation

Secure Shell (SSH) is a cryptographic network protocol for secure remote login and other secure network services over an insecure network.The standard TCP port for SSH is 22. The best known example application is for remote login to computer systems by users.
SSH provides a secure channel over an insecured network in a client-server architecture, connecting an SSH client application with an SSH server. Common applications include remote command-line login and remote command execution, but any network service can be secured with SSH. The protocol specification distinguishes between two major versions, referred to as SSH-1 and SSH-2.
The most visible application of the protocol is for access to shell accounts on Unix-like operating systems, but it sees some limited use on Windows as well. In 2015, Microsoft announced that they would include native support for SSH in a future release.

（1）网络 （2）AH （3）ESP
(5) security-policy (6) 192.168.1.0 24(7) 192.168.2.0 24 (8) permit
【解析】
[问题1]分析：IPSec工作在TCP/IP协议栈的网络层，为TCP/IP通信提供访问控制机密性、数据源验证、抗重放、数据完整性等多种安全服务。（1）AH。认证头（Authentication Header，AH）是IPSec体系结构中的一种主要协议，它为IP数据报提供完整性检查与数据源认证，并防止重放攻击。AH不支持数据加密。AH常用摘要算法（单向Hash函数）MD5和SHA1实现摘要和认证，确保数据完整。（2）ESP。封装安全载荷（Encapsulating Security Payload，ESP）可以同时提供数据完整性确认和数据加密等服务。ESP通常使用DES、3DES、AES等加密算法实现数据加密，使用MD5或SHA-1来实现摘要和认证，确保数据完整。问题2试题分析： system-view[FIREWALL1] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2[FIREWALL1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] ip address 192.168.1.1 24[FIREWALL1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit[FIREWALL1] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1[FIREWALL1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 202.1.3.1 24[FIREWALL1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit# 配置接口加入相应的安全区域。[FIREWALL1] firewall zone trust[FIREWALL1-zone-trust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2[FIREWALL1-zone-trust] quit[FIREWALL1] firewall zone untrust[FIREWALL1-zone-untrust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1[FIREWALL1-zone-untrust] quit2. 配置安全策略，允许私网指定网段进行报文交互。# 配置Trust域与Untrust域的安全策略，允许封装前和解封后的报文能通过[FIREWALL1] security-policy[FIREWALL1-policy-security] rule name 1[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] source-zone trust[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] destination-zone untrust[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] source-address 192.168.1.1 24[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] destination-address 192.168.2.1 24[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] action permit[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] quit…..# 配置Local域与Untrust域的安全策略，允许IKE协商报文能正常通过FIREWALL1。[FIREWALL1-policy-security] rule name 3[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] source-zone local[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] destination-zone untrust[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] source-address 202.1.3.1 32[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] destination-address 202.1.5.1 32[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] action permit[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] quit[FIREWALL1-policy-security] rule name 4[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-4] source-zone untrust[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-4] destination-zone local[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-4] source-address 202.1.5.1 32[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-4] destination-address 202.1.3.1 32[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-4] action permit[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-4] quit[FIREWALL1-policy-security] quit3. 配置IPSec隧道。# 配置访问控制列表，定义需要保护的数据流。[FIREWALL1] acl 3000[FIREWALL1-acl-adv-3000] rule permit ip source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 destination 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255[FIREWALL1-acl-adv-3000] quit# 配置名称为tran1的IPSec安全提议。[FIREWALL1] ipsec proposal tran1[FIREWALL1-ipsec-proposal-tran1] encapsulation-mode tunnel[FIREWALL1-ipsec-proposal-tran1] transform esp[FIREWALL1-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256[FIREWALL1-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm aes[FIREWALL1-ipsec-proposal-tran1] quit

[问题1]A，隧道模式[问题2]（3）system-view （4）GigabitEthernet 1/0/2（5） 192.168.1.1 24或者192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 （6） GigabitEthernet 1/0/2(7) firewall zone untrust (8) security-policy(9) trust (10) 192.168.100.0 24(11) permit (12) acl 3000(13) ip source 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 destination 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 （14）tunnel （15）ike proposal 10 [问题3]（17）AH （18）ESP
【解析】
[问题1]IPSec VPN应用场景分为站点到站点、端到端、端到站点三种模式。1）站点到站点（Site-to-Site）。站点到站点又称为网关到网关，多个异地机构利用运营商网络建立IPSec隧道，将各自的内部网络联系起来。2）端到端（End-to-End）。端到端又称为PC到PC，即两个PC之间的通信由IPSec完成。3）端到站点（End-to-Site）。端到站点，两个PC之间的通信由网关和异地PC之间的IPSec会话完成。

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[问题2] system-view[FIREWALL1] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2[FIREWALL1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] ip address 192.168.1.1 24 [FIREWALL1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit[FIREWALL1] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1[FIREWALL1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 202.1.3.1 24[FIREWALL1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit# 配置接口加入相应的安全区域。[FIREWALL1] firewall zone trust [FIREWALL1-zone-trust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2[FIREWALL1-zone-trust] quit[FIREWALL1] firewall zone untrust [FIREWALL1-zone-untrust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1[FIREWALL1-zone-untrust] quit2. 配置安全策略，允许私网指定网段进行报文交互。# 配置Trust域与Untrust域的安全策略，允许封装前和解封后的报文能通过[FIREWALL1] security-policy [FIREWALL1-policy-security] rule name 1[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] source-zone trust [FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] destination-zone untrust[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] source-address 192.168.100.0 24 [FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] destination-address 192.168.200.0 24[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] action permit [FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-1] quit…..# 配置Local域与Untrust域的安全策略，允许IKE协商报文能正常通过FIREWALL1。[FIREWALL1-policy-security] rule name 3[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] source-zone local[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] destination-zone untrust[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] source-address 202.1.3.1 32[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] destination-address 202.1.5.1 32[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] action permit[FIREWALL1-policy-security-rule-3] quit…3. 配置IPSec隧道。# 配置访问控制列表，定义需要保护的数据流。[FIREWALL1] acl 3000[FIREWALL1-acl-adv-3000] rule permit ip source 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 destination 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 [FIREWALL1-acl-adv-3000] quit# 配置名称为tran1的IPSec安全提议。[FIREWALL1] ipsec proposal tran1[FIREWALL1-ipsec-proposal-tran1] encapsulation-mode tunnel [FIREWALL1-ipsec-proposal-tran1] transform esp[FIREWALL1-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256[FIREWALL1-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm aes[FIREWALL1-ipsec-proposal-tran1] quit# 配置序号为10的IKE安全提议。[FIREWALL1] ike proposal 10 [FIREWALL1-ike-proposal-10] authentication-method pre-share[FIREWALL1-ike-proposal-10] authentication-algorithm sha2-256[FIREWALL1-ike-proposal-10] quit# 配置IKE用户信息表。[FIREWALL1] ike user-table 1[FIREWALL1-ike-user-table-1] user id-type ip 202.1.5.1 pre-shared-key Admin@gkys[FIREWALL1-ike-user-table-1] quit# 配置IKE Peer。[FIREWALL1] ike peer b[FIREWALL1-ike-peer-b] ike-proposal 10[FIREWALL1-ike-peer-b] user-table 1[FIREWALL1-ike-peer-b] quit# 配置名称为map_temp序号为1的IPSec安全策略模板。[FIREWALL1] ipsec policy-template map_temp 1[FIREWALL1-ipsec-policy-template-map_temp-1] security acl 3000[FIREWALL1-ipsec-policy-template-map_temp-1] proposal tran1[FIREWALL1-ipsec-policy-template-map_temp-1] ike-peer b[FIREWALL1-ipsec-policy-template-map_temp-1] reverse-route enable[FIREWALL1-ipsec-policy-template-map_temp-1] quit# 在IPSec安全策略map1中引用安全策略模板map_temp。[FIREWALL1] ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp template map_temp# 在接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1上应用安全策略map1。[FIREWALL1] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1[FIREWALL1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ipsec policy map1[FIREWALL1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit[问题3]（1）AH。认证头（Authentication Header，AH）是IPSec体系结构中的一种主要协议，它为IP数据报提供完整性检查与数据源认证，并防止重放攻击。AH不支持数据加密。AH常用摘要算法（单向Hash函数）MD5和SHA1实现摘要和认证，确保数据完整。（2）ESP。封装安全载荷（Encapsulating Security Payload，ESP）可以同时提供数据完整性确认和数据加密等服务。ESP通常使用DES、3DES、AES等加密算法实现数据加密，使用MD5或SHA-1来实现摘要和认证，确保数据完整。