请写出支架式教学的组成环节，并对各环节做出简述。

(1)环节1中的导人类型为悬念导入。 设计意图：设计“小魔术”来导入新课，能够激起学生的兴趣和求知欲，在悬念中既巧妙地提出了学习任务，又创造出探求知识的良好情境。
导入应用的原则与要求：①导入的目的性和针对性要强；②导入要具有关联性；③导入要有趣味性，有一定艺术魅力。
(2)教学重点：①酶在代谢中的作用；②设计实验的基本原则及控制变量的科学方法。
教学难点：①酶的作用机理是显著降低化学反应的活化能；②控制变量的科学方法。
环节l、2、3突出教学重点“设计实验的基本原则及控制变量”，环节3和环节4突出教学重点“酶在代谢中的作用”。

(1)课堂操练是学生在理解新语言的语义、语境、语用形态之后，在教师指导下进行简单的运用训练。为了避免形式枯燥，教师也可借助一些实物、卡片、图片等创设情景，让学生在教师提供的真实情景下，运用新学到的单词、句子等进行简单交际。教师也可以设计一些游戏或其他有趣的教学活动，激发他们的学习兴趣，活动的设计要有目的性、灵活性、挑战性、全面性和参与性。
(2)Present.ion
①The teacher shows students pictures about dog and ball.
(Teacher points the first picture)T：Where is the ball?
(Students may answer in Chinese)Ss：在狗的前面。
T：Yes，we can say the ball is“in front of”the dog.“In front of”means“在……前面”.You can also say the blackboard is in front of you，the desk is in front of you.Can anyone give me an example?
S1：Li Ming is in front ofme.
S2：The tree is in front of our classroom.
T：Great.So when I ask you where the ball is，you can answer“It’s in front of the dog”.(引入句型的讲授)Where is the blackboard?
S3：It’s in front of me.
T：Where is the tree?
S4：It’s in front of the classroom.
T：Yes，you all did a good job.
Then the teacher uses the same way to teach the other words between，behind，and above.
②Listen to the radio
The teacher lets the students listen the radio and read after it.
③Read after teacher
The teacher asks students to read the new words，then lets them read after him/her.
(设计意图：引导学生学习新的方位介词，并利用教材内容练习学生的听、说能力。)
(3)Practice
①Listen and do
One student gives guidance by using the new words;the other students do as the student
commands.
Teacher gives timely and specific feedback to students.
②Find and say
Teacher asks students to look at the picture and work in paim.
One student asks the other where the tree/house/chicken is.The student should give the right answers and ask a similar question according to the picture.
While students are doing the activity，the teacher should walk around the classroom and listen to what the students are sayin9.Ⅱsome students are not doing the right task.the teacher should rectify.If some students find it difficult to do the activity，the teacher can give hints.
(设计意图：通过练习，学生能够加深对方位介词的印象并且熟练使用方位介词。同时，学生能够使用方位介词进行简单的对话。)

(1)小学英语教师应该是教学活动的组织者，语言知识的传授者，学习策略的促进者，课堂教学的调控者，交际活动的参与者，语言环境的营造者，教学活动的反思者等。 (2) Teaching Aims
Knowledge aim: Students should listen, read, speak, write the new words: Monday, Tuesday, Weekend and so on,and the sentences structure: "What do you have on ... I have ..."
Ability aim: Students can describe the weekend freely and know how to arrange the activities. And during thisprocess their listening and speaking skills will be improved.
Emotional aim: Students can get interested in their school life and their team work spirit can be improved.
(3)导入环节：Warmin9—up and lead—in
① Hay the video about week song, and ask students to sing with it.
② Free talk: Show a timetable and ask students some questions, for example"It's nine o'clock now. Whatclass do you have" After students answer the questions, the teacher can design a free talk. Show some pictures ofdifferent lessons and encourage students to describe them. Then invite some volunteers to share ideas with others.
【设计意图】
播放歌曲，可以为学生创造轻松的学习环境，便于学生很快进入到英语的学习氛围中。自由讨论帮助学生熟悉本堂课话题，同时明确学习任务。
操练环节：Consolidation
① Fast reaction
The teacher uses gestures to express 1-7 and the students quickly say the corresponding week. For example, teachersays "1" with a gesture and the students quickly say "Monday".
【设计意图】
通过快速反应回答出星期的名词，可以帮助学生巩固本课所学单词。
② Group work
Students take turns in a group of four to say that they like and why they like it. The conversation can be "I likeWednesday. I can have music on Wednesday."
【设计意图】
小组讨论活动可以提高学生的口语表达能力，便于英语思维表达的培养。

(1)帮助学生提高英语听力水平的方法 ①坚持用英语组织教学，培养学生对英语的语感。
②注意听力内容的趣味性，让学生在轻松的环境中感受英语。
③提供真实、多样的语言材料，让学生通过地道、经典的听力材料，熟悉英语的语音、语调和语流。
④加强听力技能指导，充分利用教材提供的对话、独自、故事等材料，开展模仿录音、理解内容、信息转换、角色扮演等，以实现不同目标。
(2) Teaching Aims
Knowledge aims: Students can read and learn the phrase "good job" and"summer vocation" and grasp the sentence "Which season do you like best WhyBecause I like summer vacation".
Ability aims: Through activities and group works, students can improve their ability of listening and speaking.
Emotional aims: Students can get more interest in nature.
(3) 导入环节: Lead-in
Greet with the students, and then separate them into four groups: Group Spring, Group Summer, Group Autumn and Group Winter. The first group makes a sentence and other three groups need to use different words to make new sentences, especially using the different adjective words.
First begin with the Group Spring.
Spring: Spring is green.
Summer: Summer is blue.
Autumn: Autumn is golden.
Winter: Winter is white.
T: Ok, very good, now round two.
Summer: Summer is hot.
Autumn: Autumn is cool.
Winter: Winter is cold.
Spring: Spring is warm.
【设计意图】
以季节命名各个组，可以激发学生的学习兴趣。小组活动可以更好地帮助学生了解本课内容，并能明确话题。
巩固操练环节：Consolidation
① Write the seasons and reasons on the blackboard, and then ask some students to do the dialogue.
S1: Which season do you like best
S2: I like best.
S1: Why
S2: Because
T: Now, let's add the winter's reason. Why do you like winter
S: Because I like snow and snowman.
T: OK, why do you like spring
S: Because I like green, and it means young.
T: OK, now, I will give you some time to practice the dialogue with your partner, and then I will find some of
you to show us your dialogue.
② Prepare four kinds of cards including" color, song, book, singer" and then ask the four groups to choose a kind of cards, and make sentences according to them.
T: OK, Group Spring got the singer card. You two, please!
S1: Which singer do you like best
S2: I like Wang Junkai best. Because he is handsome.
【设计意图】
利用对话可以更好地帮助学生巩固新句型。另外，利用不同种类的卡片来练习句型，可以拓展学生的知识面。

(1)序号2是回忆提问；序号l3是运用提问。
(2)①问题的表述要清晰，意义连贯，事先必须精心设计。②在进行提问时，除了掌握好适当的时机外。还应有必要的停顿，使学生做好接受问题和回答问题的思想准备。根据提问的类型选择合适的语速。③请学生回答问题时，要特别注意照顾到坐在教室后面和两边的学生，这些区域常常被教师忽视。同时，也不要让坐在这些位置的同学感到“安全”而不参加思考和讨论。④当回答不完全或有错误时，为了使回答完整，需要一些提示。(3)由序号l一3组成的教学环节在教学过程中可以帮助教师督促学生及时复习巩固旧知识，并把新旧知识联系起来，系统地掌握知识，形成知识结构。
(4)问题中心式讲解的一般模式：引出问题—明确标准—选择方法—解决问题—得出结果。

（1）英语游戏教学的作用包括：①激发兴趣，活跃气氛，吸引注意力。心理研究表明，小学生的注意力稳定性较差。一堂45分钟的课，小学生能够保持30分钟的注意力集中，已经是非常好的表现，况且长时间的有意注意也容易使学生感到乏味。这时，适当在课堂上安排一些游戏，为学生提供一个互动的舞台，往往能够把他们涣散的注意力吸引回来，使他们在轻松愉快的气氛中完成学习任务。
②创设情境，加深记忆。英语是一种语言，它必须在一定的背景和情境中完成，如果仅靠课文中提供的情境对话，可能略显不足。因为课文中的对话都是人为设计好的，学生在其中只能被动地作为一个扮演者和朗读者，而没有心灵的感受和理解，不能很好地融入其中。而英语游戏活动的设计，不仅为学生提供情境、语境，还让学生自己主导对话过程，亲身经历其中，这对学生的记忆是具有很大的提升作用。
③训练口语，发展思维。英语不光要记忆、理解、书写，还要能够使学生说出来，这才是学习英语的最终目的。小学生学习英语的时间不长，往往由于缺乏自信而不敢开口。要突破这个障碍，首先必须给学生一个没有压力的环境，消除他们内心的紧张与害怕，同时，鼓励他们进行语言交流，在运用语言与其他人对话时，学习的内容会丰富起来，而游戏恰恰能够做到这些。游戏给了学生接近生活、轻松愉快的环境，带给他们描述、表达的欲望，在不知不觉中训练了口语，这些都比学生自己读教材重复教师的话有价值得多。
（2）①能听懂、会说:用“This is your/my...”的句型在实际情境中用英语来描述自己或者朋友。
②能听、说、读、写四会单词：“mouth,nose,eye,ear，face。”
③能用四会词组:“Open your mouth,close your eyes,touch your ear/nose/face.”这一指令做出相应动作等。（3）教学过程设计：①课程导入：直观导入
上课伊始，教师出示课前准备好的木偶，用木偶表演的方式来进行自己和朋友姓名介绍的同时，告诉学生“小木偶还要自己介绍其他一些内容，请大家认真听”。小木偶自己介绍说：This is my mouth/This is my head，等等，由此引出本课单词的教学head,eye,face,ear,nose,mouth,让学生初步了解单词。
（设计理由：利用道具进行演示，让学生对人体的部位有直观的了解，吸引学生的注意力）
②操练环节
a. 教师在黑板上画两个“apple”，一个大一个小进行对比。教师可适当给苹果涂上颜色，以吸引学生的注意力。然后教师对学生进行提问。
T:我们能看到苹果一个是红的一个是绿的，那么大家知道眼睛用英语怎么说吗？
Ss: Eye.
T: 对，眼睛就是（eye）。苹果有酸有甜，是用嘴巴吃出来的。那嘴巴用英语怎么说呢？
Ss: Mouth.
T: Very good.把两个苹果撞在一起，会有声音，那用什么来听呢？
Ss: Ear.
T: 耳朵就是ear，那当同学们拿到一个又大又红的苹果却不忍心吃它时,就会用鼻子闻它的香味,是不是呀?
Ss:是。
T: 那鼻子就是nose。
（设计理由：进一步熟悉本课需要重点掌握的单词，加深学生对知识的理解）
b.听力游戏
听指令做动作。教师将全班分成若干小组。每组抽出一名学生，一起到前面做游戏。教师快速说出“Touch your ears (eyes, mouth).”学生听到后便做相应的动作，做对的同学获胜，做错了的同学被淘汰。最后剩下的这名同学获胜，奖励他小鸟或小红旗。
（设计理由：增加课堂的互动性，活跃课堂气氛，调动学生学习的积极性。）

(1)小学英语教学中使用多媒体的方法 ①巧用多媒体，激发学生的学习兴趣。
②巧用多媒体，创设情境，引入新课。
③巧用多媒体，活化教材，寓学于乐。
④巧用多媒体，提高利用时间的效率。
⑤利用网络技术，扩展学生的知识面。
(2) Teaching Aims
Knowledge aim: Students will be able to learn and master the structure to describe animals.
Ability aim: Students can make sentences through imitation of the example. Their abilities of making sentencescan be improved.
Emotional aim: Students will get more interest in learning English and in protecting animals.
(3)导入环节和新知呈现环节
Lead—in(导入环节)：
①Show the video about different kinds of cats. Ask students some questions:
Q1: What can you see in the video
Q2: Which kind of pet do you like best
②Free talk.
Ask some questions about pet, for example:
Q1: Have you ever kept a pet
Q2: How does it like
Q3: What color is it
Q4: When is its birthday
【设计意图1
视频和讨论的目的是为了吸引学生的注意力，同时明确本课的话题。
Presentation(新知呈现环节)：
Show the picture about kittens.
① Show the first picture, and ask students "What's this". Students may give such answer as "They are pigs""They are mice", and so on.
② Show other pictures. Student will understand that they are kittens.
③Ask students to pay attention to the date and reorder the pictures.
Read and match.
① Show some sentences about pictures and ask students to try to match it.
Such as:
They have white fur.May 3rd.
They can walk.April 21st.
② Let students review the knowledge they learned about the date: We should put the "on" before the month.
③ Make sentences through imitation of the example "Their eyes are open on April 26th."
Invite some students to write two sentences about the kittens on the blackboard.
Ask students to make new sentences to describe the animals they like.
【设计意图】
通过图片让学生更形象地感受到小猫的变化。通过句子配对的方式，让学生学会组词造句，提升描述事物的能力。

(1)①英语游戏教学符合小学生的心理特点，寓教于乐，可以激发和培养学生学习英语的兴趣。 ②英语游戏教学有利于充分调动学生学习的积极性与主动性，激发学生的思维和创造力，提高学生的语言运用能力。
③英语游戏教学有利于活跃课堂气氛，让学生在轻松愉快的环境中学习外语，提高课堂教学效果。
④英语游戏教学将枯燥的语言现象转变为学生乐于接受的游戏形式，化难为易，从而减轻学生的负担，符合素质教育的要求。
⑤英语游戏教学有利于增长学生的知识，发展学生的智力，培养学生的合作与竞争意识。
(2)知识与技能目标：学生能听懂、会说新单词head，ear，eye，nose，face，mouth；能听懂、会说指令“Touch your…”
过程与方法目标：学生在学与做的过程中，能够借助图片、肢体语言轻松理解语义和进行信息交换。
情感态度与价值观目标：学生能在学习五官单词的过程中，体验英语学习的快乐，提高学习英语的兴趣；通过小组竞赛的活动，学生可以提高自己的合作与竞争意识。
(3)导入环节：
拼图游戏：
教师把全班同学分成六个小组，给每个小组提供四种不同动物(熊、大象、小猫、小狗)的头像(头像缺少五官)，让学生把不同动物的五官贴在正确的位置上，看看哪个小组完成得最快。
(设计理由：通过“五官拼图游戏”导入，有利于提高学生对本节课的兴趣，调动学生参与课堂的积极性，自然而然地导入对五官单词的学习。通过小组竞赛的形式进行游戏活动，也可以培养学生的合作与竞争意识。)
操练环节：
①Simon Says
教师发出指令，学生根据指令做出相应动作。做错动作的学生将被淘汰，最后一个人为获胜者。
例如：
T：“Simon says touch your nose．”
(设计理由：在练习所学单词的同时，锻炼学生们的动手协调、反应能力。)
②Relay Race
教师把学生分成两组，让大家排队站好，队首的同学发号指令，说“Touch your…”，第二个同学正确做完动作后，同样对第三个同学发出指令“Touch your…”。此时原来队首的同学跑到队尾，按照这种方式依次进行。最后，原来在队首的同学再次到达队首时就算完成任务，哪组最快又最准确地完成就算胜利。
(设计理由：以小组合作的方式进行“接力赛”游戏活动，让学生开口说所学的句型和单词，动手做相应动作，锻炼学生的听、说与做的能力，培养学生的合作与竞争意识。)

(1)小学英语教学中使用多媒体的方法①巧用多媒体，激发学生的学习兴趣。
②巧用多媒体，创设情境，引入新课。
③巧用多媒体，活化教材，寓学于乐。
④巧用多媒体，提高利用时间的效率。
⑤利用网络技术，扩展学生的知识面。
(2)Teaching Aims
Knowledge aim:Students will be able to learn and master the structure to describe animals.
Ability aim:Students can make sentences through imitation of the example.Their abilities of making sentences?can be improved.
Emotional aim:Students will get more interest in learning English and in protecting animals.
(3)导入环节和新知呈现环节
Lead—in(导入环节)：
①Show the video about different kinds of cats.Ask students some questions:
Q1:What can you see in the video?
Q2:Which kind of pet do you like best?
②Free talk.
Ask some questions about pet,for example:
Q1:Have you ever kept a pet?
Q2:How does it like?
Q3:What color is it?
Q4:When is its birthday?
【设计意图1
视频和讨论的目的是为了吸引学生的注意力，同时明确本课的话题。
Presentation(新知呈现环节)：
Show the picture about kittens.
①Show the first picture,and ask students"What's this?".Students may give such answer as"They are pigs""They are mice",and so on.
②Show other pictures.Student will understand that they are kittens.
③Ask students to pay attention to the date and reorder the pictures.
Read and match.
①Show some sentences about pictures and ask students to try to match it.
Such as:
They have white fur.May 3rd.
They can walk.April 21st.
②Let students review the knowledge they learned about the date:We should put the"on"before the month.
③Make sentences through imitation of the example"Their eyes are open on April 26th."
Invite some students to write two sentences about the kittens on the blackboard.
Ask students to make new sentences to describe the animals they like.
【设计意图】
通过图片让学生更形象地感受到小猫的变化。通过句子配对的方式，让学生学会组词造句，提升描述事物的能力。