问答题Water Crisis in Spain  There’ve been floods, gales and heat waves across Europe-and some lay the blame for the unpredictable weather on climate change.  Spain is undergoing its worst drought for sixty years with many areas in the south of the country n

题目
问答题
Water Crisis in Spain  There’ve been floods, gales and heat waves across Europe-and some lay the blame for the unpredictable weather on climate change.  Spain is undergoing its worst drought for sixty years with many areas in the south of the country not seeing a drop of rain for months. Some reservoirs are nearly empty while the volume of water in some rivers is down to a third of its normal level.  Guadalajara, in the centre of the country, used to be a prosperous tourist area. Its old Moorish name, ironically, means water running through rocks. But when Emma Jane Kirby visited the small town of Buendia, she found an ecological disaster area in the marketing.  There’s a strange smell around the lake at Buendia, the sort of smell that greets you when you first open the fridge after a week or two away from home—a putrid stench of salad leaves that’ve begun to turn to compost in their cellophane bag. I’m reluctant to mention this to my companion, Marco ObisP0 because this after are is the place where he has spent every one of his summer holidays and a just few hours ago we were pouting over the family photograph books while he reminisced wistfully about his idyllic childhood.  The problem is I don’t recognize this place as being the same one he showed me in the pictures Those images boasted bronzed children racing joyfully down a bank of emerald green grass towards a vast expanse of water so blue that the cornflower sky above looked dazzled. But this landscape is bleached and barren, the banks crusted white, the ponds patchy and the colour of thin ink.  Guadalajara in the centre of Spain has been hit hard by drought. The rains haven’t come since spring last year, leaving the soil parched and lifeless, as cracked and scarred as the face of a small pox victim. The sun has sucked the life from anything that once had the energy to be green and stealthily, its hot tongue has lapped away at the lake’s edge reducing the reservoirs to a fifth of the size they were twenty years ago. As quickly as the water’s evaporated, so have the tourists—the holidaymakers from all over Europe with whom Marco played as a child have been lured away to other areas of Spain where swimming or sailing a boat can be done without fear of scraping knees or hulls on the lake bed.  If the landscape is crying out for new water management, then it’s weeping with painful dust-dry tears. North east of Buendia, only the ancient Spanish pine forests seem able to sustain life, some atavistic survival instinct wing them triumph over droughts which long ago killed off the weaker competition. But the trees are now so dehydrated and sapless they’ve become irresistible to fire-two weeks ago, thirteen thousand hectares were lost to a spark from a barbecue-an inferno that also claimed the lives of eleven men. As far as the eye can see now, the hills are almost bare.

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2.共用题干 第一篇Heat and HealthExtremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people, however,the result is much more serious.For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather. A heat wave is a period of time during whichA:the weather is much better than usual.B:the nights are much longer than usual.C:the weather is much hotter than usual.D:the days are much longer than usual.

3.共用题干 第一篇Heat and HealthExtremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people, however,the result is much more serious.For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather. What can people learn from the Mean Heat Index?A:The average temperature of an extremely hot day.B:The highest temperature of an extremely hot day.C:The lowest temperature of an extremely hot day.D:The nighttime temperature of an extremely hot day.

4.EThe need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage(短缺)seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfull country, many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seaons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配)are very high. Notonly is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys(山谷)are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water many flow easily through pipes to fields,but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling ro countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation(灌溉). In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrigation water be resulted in a 25% redcution of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of south eastern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry vallege, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.Saudi Arabia’s attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have been the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.72. From the first two paragraphs we learnt that _______.A.much of the world’s water is available for useB.people in high rainfll countries feel luckyC.the costs of water redistribution should be consideredD.water can be easily carried through pipes across the world

更多“问答题Water Crisis in Spain  There’ve been floods, gales and heat waves across Europe-and some lay the blame for the unpredictable weather on climate change.  Spain is undergoing its worst drought for sixty years with many areas in the south of the country n”相关问题
  • 第1题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Heat and Health

    Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just
    makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.
    Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more
    people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot
    summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more
    than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.
    To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat
    Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts
    say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot
    days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the
    nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.
    The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also
    least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a
    warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain
    disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people,
    however,the result is much more serious.
    For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat
    stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other
    problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health
    experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather.

    For people who are in extremely poor health,heat can be
    A:deadly.
    B:painful.
    C:helpful.
    D:stressful.

    答案:A
    解析:

  • 第2题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Heat and Health

    Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just
    makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.
    Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more
    people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot
    summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more
    than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.
    To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat
    Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts
    say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot
    days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the
    nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.
    The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also
    least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a
    warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain
    disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people,
    however,the result is much more serious.
    For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat
    stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other
    problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health
    experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather.

    How many people died from heat in Chicago in 1995?
    A: About 1700.
    B: Nearly 1900.
    C: Around 1100.
    D: Over 600.

    答案:D
    解析:

  • 第3题:

    共用题干
    The Smog(烟雾)

    For over a month,Indonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the
    country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and
    hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was
    hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.
    When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became
    poisonous(有毒的).Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and
    pollution levels rose. People wheezed(喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their
    eyes watered immediately.
    The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as
    grey soot(烟灰) covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed(用胶管浇)from
    high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.
    Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air.
    But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-
    Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车
    排放的废气)and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-
    sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland
    forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.
    But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in
    1 905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital.
    Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing
    problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick
    smog in 1952.

    The smog spread to neighbouring countries.
    A:Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:A
    解析:

  • 第4题:

    The northern parts of the United States get very cold in the winter.It snows a great deal and the?temperature often goes_____21_____zero degree in January,_____22_____and March.But the northeastern and?northcentral regions of____23______have been financial and industrial centers,and they are heavily polluted.
    In recent years,people in these regions have begun to take vacations_____24_____these cold winter?months.They go to southern parts of the country____25______it is warmer.Many go to Florida where the?weather is_____26_____.Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona,New Mexico and Texas where they._____27_____dry desert climates.
    It has become_____28_____nowadays.for old people to move south to these places_____29_____they?retire.Typically these people sell their houses in their home communities and move south to begin a?new life_____30_____senior citizens.
    Their children likely have homes_____31_____and many of them are moving south_____32_____communities?where they were_____33_____.The southern and southwestern parts of the country are now growing_____34_____any?other part.Business and industry_____35_____many offices and factories in the south.California is already?the most popular state in the country.

    第(25)题答案

    A.where
    B.when
    C.which
    D.that

    答案:A
    解析:
    【考情点拨】语法结构题。【应试指导】这是一个用关系副词where引导的限定性定语从句,修饰先行词southern parts of?the country。

  • 第5题:

    共用题干
    Heat Is Killer Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people feel hot,it can_______(51)serious medical problems-even death.Floods,storms,volcano eruptions and other natural______(52)kill thousands of people every year.
    So______(53) extreme heat.Experts say heat may be nature's deadliest killer, Recently,extreme heat was blamed ______(54)killing more than one hundred people in India.It is reported that the total heat of a hot day or several days can______(55)health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.
    Experts say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not_______(56)much from the highest daytime temperature.This causes great stress on the human body.
    Doctors say people can do many things to______(57)themselves from the dangers of extreme heat. Stay out of the sun,if possible.Drink lots of cool water.Wear light colored clothing made______(58) natural materials;avoid wearing synthetic clothing.
    Make sure the clothing is______(59),permitting freedom of movement.
    And learn the danger______(60)of the medical problems,such as headache and vomiting,that are linked to heat.Most people suffer only muscle pain as a(n)______(61)of heat stress.The fiain is a______(62)that the body is becoming too hot.Doctors say those suffering headache or muscle pain should stop all activity,rest in a cool place and drink cool liquids.Do not return to physical _______(63)for a few hours because more serious conditions could develop.
    Doctors say some people face an______(64)danger from heat stress.Such persons have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.
    Hot Weather also increases dangers for people who must take______(65)for high blood pressure, poor blood flow,nervousness or depression.

    65._________
    A:food
    B:medicine
    C:water
    D:meal

    答案:B
    解析:
    该句意思是:别以为高温仅仅让人们感觉炎热,实际上它还会引发严重的疾病,甚至死亡。cause意思是“引起,造成”,符合句意。make制作;affect影响;form形成。
    disasters意思是“灾难”, natural disasters意为“自然灾难”。前面的floods , storms,volcano eruptions都是自然灾害的具体表现,因此B项符合句意。pains疼痛;matters事件;experiences经历。
    根据上文意思可知,该句意思是:极热天气更是如此。此处是倒装句,so+助动词+主语,表示主语一也这样。因为extreme heat为单数,所以助动词应用第三人称单数形式。
    该句意思是:近来,印度有100多人死于极端高温天气。be blamed for为固定搭配,意思是“对……负有责任”,符合句意。
    该句意思是:据报道,一天或几天里遭受持续高温的袭击将影响健康。affect意思是“影响”,符合句意。change改变;obtain获得;cause引起。
    该句意思是:如果到夜晚没有降温,热浪是很危险的。drop意思是“下降”,符合句意。soar骤然上升;remove移动;meet遇见,满足。
    protect…from…意思是“保护……免受……”,符合句意。keep/stop/prevent…from…阻止……发生。
    该句意思是:要穿天然材料制作的衣服,不穿合成面料的服装。be made of意思是“由……制成”(看不出来原材料),符合句意。be made from由……制成(看得出来原材料);be made in在……制作;be made for为……制作。
    根据后半句意思可知,该句意思是:要确保衣服一定要宽松,以便活动自由。loose意思是“宽松的”,符合句意。tight绷紧的;large大的;small小的。
    该句意思是:了解高温引发疾病的危险信号,比如头疼、呕吐。signs意思是“信号”,符合句意。designs设计;traits特点;points观点。
    该句意思是:大多数人遭受高温仅会感到肌肉疼痛。as a result of为固定搭配,意思是“作为……的结果”,符合句意。
    该句意思是:疼痛是对你身体温度过高的警告。warning意思是“警告”,符合句意。inference推理,推断;need需要;guidance指导。
    该句意思是:几个小时内都不要再进行体力活动,否则还会导致更严重的状况。activity意思是“活动”, physical activity意为“体力活动”,符合句意。act行为,行动;action行动;acting演戏。
    该句意思是:医生指出,一些人面对高温天气的危险又增加了。increased意思是“增多的,增加的”,符合句意。impossible不可能的;incident偶然的;incredible难以置信的。
    该句意思是:炎热天气对于那些必须服药以控制高血压等的人也增加了危险。take medicine意思是“服药”,符合句意。take food吃东西;take water喝水;take meal吃饭。

  • 第6题:

    共用题干
    The Smog(烟雾)

    For over a month,lndonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the
    country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and
    hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was
    hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.
    When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became
    poisonous(有毒的).Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and
    pollution levels rose. People wheezed(喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their
    eyes watered immediately.
    The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as
    grey soot(烟灰)covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed(用胶管浇)from
    high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.
    Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air.
    But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-
    Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车
    排放的废气)and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-
    sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.
    But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in
    1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital.
    Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing
    problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick
    smog in 1952.

    Water was used to try to break up the smog.
    A:Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:A
    解析:

  • 第7题:

    共用题干
    The Smog(烟雾)

    For over a month,lndonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the
    country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and
    hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was
    hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.
    When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became
    poisonous(有毒的).Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and
    pollution levels rose. People wheezed(喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their
    eyes watered immediately.
    The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as
    grey soot(烟灰)covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed(用胶管浇)from
    high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.
    Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air.
    But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-
    Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车
    排放的废气)and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-
    sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.
    But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in
    1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital.
    Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing
    problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick
    smog in 1952.

    Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought.
    A:Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:C
    解析:

  • 第8题:

    问答题
    The worst pollution threat is concentrated in and near large cities. There the people-made pollutants increasingly surpass the ability of air and water to dilute (冲淡;稀释) the contaminants (污染物) to safe levels. The natural ecological cycle depends on plants, which absorb some pollutants and release oxygen to the air. But near large cities, natural vegetation becomes scarce, and introduced trees, ornamental shrubs and gardens are far from adequate in absorbing motor vehicle and industrial air pollutants. Finally, some pollutants, most notably atomic waste, may continue to contaminate air, land, and water for thousands of years. Therefore, ecocrisis—ecocatastrophe or ecocide—has been for some time one of the major concerns of not only the ecoactivists and environmentalists, but of many scientists of other fields and the government authorities of many countries as well.

    正确答案:
    大城市及其周边是污染最严重的地方。在那里,人为污染物的扩散超过了空气和水将污染物分解稀释到安全水平的能力。自然界生态循环依赖于植物;植物吸收一些污染物,把氧气释放到空气中。但邻近大城市的地区,天然植被日见稀少,而移植的树木、观赏灌木及花园又远不足以吸收机动车辆和工业带来的空气污染物。最后,有些污染物,尤其是臭名昭彰的原子能废料,可能会继续污染空气、土地和水达几千年之久。因此,生态危机——也称为生态灾难或生态灭绝——一段时期以来不仅是生态活动家和环保主义者关注的主要问题,而且引起了其他领域许多科学家和许多国家的政府当局的重视。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第9题:

    单选题
    The latter half of the last sentence in Paragraph 3, “or one tourist for every person living in Spain”, means _____.
    A

    all the 37 million people living in Spain are tourists

    B

    every year almost as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that country

    C

    every person living in Spain has to take care of a tourist

    D

    every Spanish is visited by a tourist every year


    正确答案: C
    解析:
    信息题。此句的意思是“每年有3700万游客来西班牙旅游,换句话说,每一个西班牙人就得接待一名游客。”

  • 第10题:

    单选题
    The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighbouring country, ______ by the police each time.
    A

    had been captured

    B

    being always captured

    C

    only to be captured

    D

    unfortunately captured


    正确答案: C
    解析:
    这三个人多次试图偷偷越过边境溜入邻国,却每次都被警察逮住。only to be反而,结果却,不料。前后两分句之间为转折关系,必须用only to be的结构来凸显此意。

  • 第11题:

    单选题
    The latter half of the last sentence in Paragraph 3, i.e.,or one tourist for every person living in Spain means_______.
    A

    all the 37 million people living in Spain are tourists

    B

    every year almost as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that country

    C

    every person living in Spain has to take care of a tourist

    D

    every Spaniard is visited by a tourist every year


    正确答案: B
    解析:

  • 第12题:

    问答题
    Practice 8  The United States has long been known as a “melting pot”, because many of its people are descended from settlers who came from all over the world to make their homes in the new land. The first immigrants in American history came from England and the Netherlands. Attracted by reports of great economic opportunities and religious and political freedom, immigrants from many other countries flocked to the United States in increasing numbers, reaching a peak in the years 1880—1914. Between 1820 and 1980 the United States admitted almost 50 million immigrants.  Some 1,360,000 American Indians, descendants of North America's first inhabitants, now reside in the United States. Most live in the West, but many are in the south and north central areas. Of the more than 300 separate tribes, the largest is the Navaho in the Southwest.  Black people were first brought to America from Africa as slaves. Their descendants now make up nearly 12 percent of the population. They once lived mainly in the agricultural South but now are scattered throughout the nation.

    正确答案: 【参考译文】
    美国历来以“民族熔锅”著称,因为许多美国人是移民的后裔,当年这些移民从世界各地来到这块新土地上安家落户。美国历史上首批移民来自英国和荷兰。许多其他国家的人听说在美国经济上有很大的发展机会,还有宗教自由和政治自由,于是便纷纷移居美国,移民人数越来越多,1880年至1914年达到了顶峰。在1820年到1980年间,美国接纳了近5000万移民。
    现在约有1360000名印第安人居住在美国,他们是北美土著的后裔。大多数印第安人住在西部,也有许多住在中部的南北地区。美国印第安人分属300多个不同的部落,其中最大的是西南部的纳瓦霍部落。
    黑人当初是被当作奴隶从非洲贩运到美国的,他们的后裔现在几乎占美国人口的百分之十二。从前,黑人主要聚居在南方农业地带,但如今则分散到美国各地。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第13题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Heat and Health

    Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just
    makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.
    Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more
    people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot
    summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more
    than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.
    To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat
    Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts
    say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot
    days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the
    nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.
    The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also
    least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a
    warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain
    disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people,
    however,the result is much more serious.
    For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat
    stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other
    problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health
    experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather.

    Muscle pain in hot weather means that your body needs
    A:more exercise.
    B:more water.
    C:less oxygen.
    D:less sugar.

    答案:C
    解析:

  • 第14题:

    共用题干
    The Smog(烟雾)

    For over a month,Indonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the
    country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and
    hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was
    hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.
    When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became
    poisonous(有毒的).Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and
    pollution levels rose. People wheezed(喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their
    eyes watered immediately.
    The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as
    grey soot(烟灰) covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed(用胶管浇)from
    high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.
    Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air.
    But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-
    Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车
    排放的废气)and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-
    sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland
    forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.
    But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in
    1 905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital.
    Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing
    problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick
    smog in 1952.

    Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought.
    A:Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:A
    解析:

  • 第15题:

    共用题干
    Water

    From the beginning,water has furnished man with a source of food and a highway to travel upon.The first civilization arose(51)________water was a dominant element in the environment,a challenge(52)______man's ingenuity.The Egyptians invented the 365一day calendar in response to the Nile's annual flooding. The Babylonians,(53)________were among the most famous lawmakers in ancient times,invented laws(54)_________ water usage.Water inspired the Chinese to build a 1,000-(55)________canal,a complex system which,after nearly 2,500 years,remains still practically(56)_______ and still commands the astonishment of engineers.But (57)_________never found complete solutions to their water problems.The Yellow River is also known as "China's Sorrow" ;it is so unpredictable and dangerous(58)_________in a single flood it has caused a million(59)________.Floods slowed the great(60)_________of the Indus River Valley,and inadequate drainage ruined (61)________of its land. Today water dominates man (62)_______it always has done.Its presence continues to(63)________the location of his homes and cities;its violent variability can(64)________man or his herds or his crops;its routes links him(65)________his fellows;its immense value may add to already dangerous political conflicts.There are many examples of this in our own time.

    _________(51)
    A:where
    B:the place
    C:when
    D:in the place

    答案:A
    解析:
    本句意思是:最初的人类文明出现于那些水在周围环境中起着重要作用的地方。因此选择A项。
    本句意思是:这是水对人类独创性的挑战。根据含义仅有C项符合题意,to意思是“对于”,表示方向。
    需要填入关联词引导非限制性定语从句,由于先行词在句中做主语,因此选择D项。
    本句意思是:(巴比伦人)发明了管水的法律。本句句子主谓语完整,需要分词修饰law,由于law与water usage是施动关系,因此需要动词-ing形式,选择D项。
    本句意思是:中国人从水上获得灵感,修建了千里大运河。空格部分与前面的数字以连字符连接,因此只能选择单数形式共同构成修饰成分修饰名词canal,因此选择 D项。
    本句意思是:(运河)在将近2 500年后的今天仍在使用而且依旧使工程师们惊叹不已。短语in use意思是“在使用中”;for use意思是“供使用”;by use不是固定搭配; on use需要和介词of搭配构成短语,意思是“利用”,因此选项A最符合题意。
    本句意思是:但是古代人从没有发现过一个能彻底解决水患的办法。 ancient既是形容词“古老的”,也是名词“古人”,做形容词时不能加5,作名词时是可数名词,可以加5。此处需要名词或名词短语做主语,而这里ancient概指所有古人,所以应该是复数,并加定冠词the表示特指。因此选择B项。
    本句意思是:它是那样的不可预料和危险,以至于一场水灾就可能使100 万人丧生。
    people意思是“人们”,death意思是“死亡”,damage意思是“破坏”。ruin 意思是“破坏”。根据含义选择B项。
    本句意思是:水使伟大的印度河谷文明停滞。 influence意思是“影响”, effect意思是“作用”,society意思是“社会”,civilization意思是“文化”,只有。项符合题意。
    本句意思是:排水设施的不足毁坏了它的大部分土地。land是不可数名词,而且没有lot of或者a lots of的搭配,因此只能选择C项。
    本句意思是:今天,水一如既往地控制着人类。for意思是“为了”,as意思是“像······一样”,because意思是“因为”,whereas意思是“然而”,因此只能选择B项。
    本句意思是:水的存在决定着人们安家建城的位置。govern意思是“支配,决定”,control意思是“控制”,lead意思是“领导”,influence意思是“影响”,因此选项A最合适。
    本句意思是:水剧烈的可变性可以杀死人类或是人类的牲畜、庄稼。 cause意思是“导致”,violate意思是“侵犯、干扰”,kill意思是“杀死”,damage意思是“破坏”。选项C最符合题意。
    本句意思是:它的航线把人们联系起来。根据本句的含义,仅有选项D符合题意。

  • 第16题:

    共用题干
    Heat Is Killer Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people feel hot,it can_______(51)serious medical problems-even death.Floods,storms,volcano eruptions and other natural______(52)kill thousands of people every year.
    So______(53) extreme heat.Experts say heat may be nature's deadliest killer, Recently,extreme heat was blamed ______(54)killing more than one hundred people in India.It is reported that the total heat of a hot day or several days can______(55)health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.
    Experts say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not_______(56)much from the highest daytime temperature.This causes great stress on the human body.
    Doctors say people can do many things to______(57)themselves from the dangers of extreme heat. Stay out of the sun,if possible.Drink lots of cool water.Wear light colored clothing made______(58) natural materials;avoid wearing synthetic clothing.
    Make sure the clothing is______(59),permitting freedom of movement.
    And learn the danger______(60)of the medical problems,such as headache and vomiting,that are linked to heat.Most people suffer only muscle pain as a(n)______(61)of heat stress.The fiain is a______(62)that the body is becoming too hot.Doctors say those suffering headache or muscle pain should stop all activity,rest in a cool place and drink cool liquids.Do not return to physical _______(63)for a few hours because more serious conditions could develop.
    Doctors say some people face an______(64)danger from heat stress.Such persons have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.
    Hot Weather also increases dangers for people who must take______(65)for high blood pressure, poor blood flow,nervousness or depression.

    61._________
    A:influence
    B:result
    C:effect
    D:view

    答案:B
    解析:
    该句意思是:别以为高温仅仅让人们感觉炎热,实际上它还会引发严重的疾病,甚至死亡。cause意思是“引起,造成”,符合句意。make制作;affect影响;form形成。
    disasters意思是“灾难”, natural disasters意为“自然灾难”。前面的floods , storms,volcano eruptions都是自然灾害的具体表现,因此B项符合句意。pains疼痛;matters事件;experiences经历。
    根据上文意思可知,该句意思是:极热天气更是如此。此处是倒装句,so+助动词+主语,表示主语一也这样。因为extreme heat为单数,所以助动词应用第三人称单数形式。
    该句意思是:近来,印度有100多人死于极端高温天气。be blamed for为固定搭配,意思是“对……负有责任”,符合句意。
    该句意思是:据报道,一天或几天里遭受持续高温的袭击将影响健康。affect意思是“影响”,符合句意。change改变;obtain获得;cause引起。
    该句意思是:如果到夜晚没有降温,热浪是很危险的。drop意思是“下降”,符合句意。soar骤然上升;remove移动;meet遇见,满足。
    protect…from…意思是“保护……免受……”,符合句意。keep/stop/prevent…from…阻止……发生。
    该句意思是:要穿天然材料制作的衣服,不穿合成面料的服装。be made of意思是“由……制成”(看不出来原材料),符合句意。be made from由……制成(看得出来原材料);be made in在……制作;be made for为……制作。
    根据后半句意思可知,该句意思是:要确保衣服一定要宽松,以便活动自由。loose意思是“宽松的”,符合句意。tight绷紧的;large大的;small小的。
    该句意思是:了解高温引发疾病的危险信号,比如头疼、呕吐。signs意思是“信号”,符合句意。designs设计;traits特点;points观点。
    该句意思是:大多数人遭受高温仅会感到肌肉疼痛。as a result of为固定搭配,意思是“作为……的结果”,符合句意。
    该句意思是:疼痛是对你身体温度过高的警告。warning意思是“警告”,符合句意。inference推理,推断;need需要;guidance指导。
    该句意思是:几个小时内都不要再进行体力活动,否则还会导致更严重的状况。activity意思是“活动”, physical activity意为“体力活动”,符合句意。act行为,行动;action行动;acting演戏。
    该句意思是:医生指出,一些人面对高温天气的危险又增加了。increased意思是“增多的,增加的”,符合句意。impossible不可能的;incident偶然的;incredible难以置信的。
    该句意思是:炎热天气对于那些必须服药以控制高血压等的人也增加了危险。take medicine意思是“服药”,符合句意。take food吃东西;take water喝水;take meal吃饭。

  • 第17题:

    共用题干
    The Smog(烟雾)

    For over a month,lndonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the
    country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and
    hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was
    hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.
    When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became
    poisonous(有毒的).Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and
    pollution levels rose. People wheezed(喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their
    eyes watered immediately.
    The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as
    grey soot(烟灰)covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed(用胶管浇)from
    high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.
    Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air.
    But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-
    Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车
    排放的废气)and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-
    sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.
    But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in
    1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital.
    Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing
    problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick
    smog in 1952.

    Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought.
    A:Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:A
    解析:

  • 第18题:

    共用题干
    The Smog(烟雾)

    For over a month,lndonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the
    country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and
    hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was
    hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.
    When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became
    poisonous(有毒的).Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and
    pollution levels rose. People wheezed(喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their
    eyes watered immediately.
    The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as
    grey soot(烟灰)covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed(用胶管浇)from
    high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.
    Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air.
    But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-
    Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车
    排放的废气)and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-
    sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.
    But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in
    1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital.
    Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing
    problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick
    smog in 1952.

    The forest animals haven't been affected by the smog.
    A:Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:B
    解析:

  • 第19题:

    共用题干
    The Smog(烟雾)

    For over a month,lndonesia was in crisis.Forest fires raged out of control as the
    country suffered its worst drought for 50 years.Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and
    hot dry air to form a cloud of smog.This pollution quickly spread and within days it was
    hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia,Singapore and Thailand.
    When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars,it soon became
    poisonous(有毒的).Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and
    pollution levels rose. People wheezed(喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their
    eyes watered immediately.
    The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as
    grey soot(烟灰)covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed(用胶管浇)from
    high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.
    Finally,heavy rains,which came in November,put out the fires and cleared the air.
    But the environmental costs and health problems will remain.Many people from South-
    Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车
    排放的废气)and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-
    sufferers may have difficulties for the first time.Wildlife has suffered too.In lowland forests,elephants,deer,and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.
    But smog is not just an Asian problem.In fact,the word was first used in London in
    1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog.Fog often hung over the capital.
    Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing
    problems or in accidents.About 4, 000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick
    smog in 1952.

    The word"smog"first appeared in 1952.
    A:Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:B
    解析:

  • 第20题:

    问答题
    Practice 9  Youth unemployment across the world has climbed to a new high and is likely to climb further this year, a United Nations agency said Thursday, while warning of a “lost generation” as more young people give up the search for work.  The agency, the International Labor Organization, said in a report that of some 620 million young people ages 15 to 24 in the work force, about 81 million were unemployed at the end of 2009—the highest level in two decades of record-keeping by the organization, which is based in Geneva.  “There’s never been an increase of this magnitude — both in terms of the rate and the level — since we’ve been tracking the data,” said Steven Kapsos, an economist with the organization. The agency forecast that the global youth unemployment rate would continue to increase through 2010, to 13.1 percent, as the effects of the economic downturn continue. It should then decline to 12.7 percent in 2011.  In some especially strained European countries, including Spain and Britain, many young people have become discouraged and given up the job hunt, it said. The trend will have “significant consequences for young people,” as more and more join the ranks of the already unemployed, it said. That has the potential to create a “‘lost generation’ comprised of young people who have dropped out of the labor market, having lost all hope of being able to work for a decent living.”  The report studied the German, British, Spanish and Estonian labor markets and found that Germany had been most successful in bringing down long-term youth unemployment. In Spain and Britain, increases in unemployment were particularly pronounced for those with lower education levels.  Data from Eurostat, the European Union’s statistical agency, show Spain had a jobless rate of 40.5 percent in May for people under 25. That was the highest level among the 27 members of the European Union, far greater than the 9.4 percent in Germany in May and 19.7 percent in Britain in March.

    正确答案:
    【参考译文】
    联合国一组织周二称,全球年轻人失业率再创新高,而且这种趋势将在今年继续延续下去。他们警告说,越来越多的年轻人放弃寻找工作,将导致失迷一代数量激增。
    国际劳工组织在其报告中称,全球15岁到24岁之间的6.2亿年轻工人中,2009年末大约有8100万人失业,这是总部位于日内瓦的劳工组织20年以来的最高纪录。
    国际劳工组织经济学家史蒂文·凯普索斯说:“自从我们开始追踪年轻人失业数据以来,从未见过数量如此之大、比例如此之高的失业现象。”该机构预测,在全球经济持续低迷的影响下,年轻人2010年下半年失业率将继续上升,最后可能达到13.1%。不过到2011年,这一比例应该可以降到12.7%以下。
    在情况特别严峻的欧洲国家,比如西班牙和英国,许多年轻人已经对寻找工作气馁,甚至放弃了找工作。这种趋势将对年轻人造成严重影响,可能越来越多的年轻人加入到失业者行列。这些退出劳动市场、对寻找工作过上体面生活失去希望的年轻人,将成为新的迷失一代。
    报告研究了德国、英国、西班牙以及爱沙尼亚等国的劳动市场,发现德国在处理年轻人长期失业方面最成功。西班牙和英国,那些受教育程度低的年轻人失业率增长明显。
    来自欧盟统计局的数据显示,5月份,西班牙25岁以下人口失业率已经达到40.5%,这是欧盟27个成员国中比例最高的。德国5月恩的失业率为9.4%,英国3月失业率为19.7%。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第21题:

    单选题
    For all its extremes, Venus is a(n) incalculable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of earth.
    A

    invaluable

    B

    valuable

    C

    value

    D

    valueless


    正确答案: A
    解析:
    词义辨析。incalculable意为“无法计算的,不可估量的”,因此与invaluable(无价的;无法估计的)表达意思相符。valuable贵重的;有价值的。value价值;估价;评价。valueless不足道的,无价值的。

  • 第22题:

    问答题
    Water Crisis in Spain  There’ve been floods, gales and heat waves across Europe-and some lay the blame for the unpredictable weather on climate change.  Spain is undergoing its worst drought for sixty years with many areas in the south of the country not seeing a drop of rain for months. Some reservoirs are nearly empty while the volume of water in some rivers is down to a third of its normal level.  Guadalajara, in the centre of the country, used to be a prosperous tourist area. Its old Moorish name, ironically, means water running through rocks. But when Emma Jane Kirby visited the small town of Buendia, she found an ecological disaster area in the marketing.  There’s a strange smell around the lake at Buendia, the sort of smell that greets you when you first open the fridge after a week or two away from home—a putrid stench of salad leaves that’ve begun to turn to compost in their cellophane bag. I’m reluctant to mention this to my companion, Marco ObisP0 because this after are is the place where he has spent every one of his summer holidays and a just few hours ago we were pouting over the family photograph books while he reminisced wistfully about his idyllic childhood.  The problem is I don’t recognize this place as being the same one he showed me in the pictures Those images boasted bronzed children racing joyfully down a bank of emerald green grass towards a vast expanse of water so blue that the cornflower sky above looked dazzled. But this landscape is bleached and barren, the banks crusted white, the ponds patchy and the colour of thin ink.  Guadalajara in the centre of Spain has been hit hard by drought. The rains haven’t come since spring last year, leaving the soil parched and lifeless, as cracked and scarred as the face of a small pox victim. The sun has sucked the life from anything that once had the energy to be green and stealthily, its hot tongue has lapped away at the lake’s edge reducing the reservoirs to a fifth of the size they were twenty years ago. As quickly as the water’s evaporated, so have the tourists—the holidaymakers from all over Europe with whom Marco played as a child have been lured away to other areas of Spain where swimming or sailing a boat can be done without fear of scraping knees or hulls on the lake bed.  If the landscape is crying out for new water management, then it’s weeping with painful dust-dry tears. North east of Buendia, only the ancient Spanish pine forests seem able to sustain life, some atavistic survival instinct wing them triumph over droughts which long ago killed off the weaker competition. But the trees are now so dehydrated and sapless they’ve become irresistible to fire-two weeks ago, thirteen thousand hectares were lost to a spark from a barbecue-an inferno that also claimed the lives of eleven men. As far as the eye can see now, the hills are almost bare.

    正确答案: 【参考译文】
    西班牙水危机 连续的洪水、暴风和热浪袭击了欧洲——有人把这归咎于难以预料的天气变化。
    西班牙正经历着六十年来最严重的干旱,该国南部的一些地区数月滴雨未见。一些水库几乎都干枯了,而一些河流的流量不到正常水量的三分之一。
    位于该国中部的瓜达拉哈拉曾经是繁荣的旅游业地区。颇为讽刺的是它从前的摩尔语名字的意思是“流淌过岩石的水”。但当埃玛·简·科比来到布温迪亚这个小镇时,她发现一个生态灾难正在形成。
    布温迪亚湖四周弥漫着一种怪异的味道,就好像是你离开家一两周后第一次打开冰箱时扑面而来的那种味道——腐烂的、发出阵阵恶臭的沙拉蔬菜叶在保鲜袋里快变成肥料的味道。我都无法向我的同伴马科·奥比斯珀提及此事,毕竟这里是他每年度过暑假的地方,而且就在几个小时前我们边翻看他的家庭相册,他还边若有所思地回忆起他田园诗般的童年。
    问题是我并没有认出这个地方就是他在照片里给我指过的地方。这些照片引以自豪地展示出皮肤黝黑的孩子们欢快地沿着长满翠绿色青草的湖岸追逐,奔跑到一片巨大而开阔的湖水前,蓝色的湖水使头顶上矢车菊色的天空分外耀眼。但是眼下这片土地苍白而又荒凉。湖岸凄凉无色,淡淡的黑色湖水零星斑驳。
    西班牙中部的瓜达拉哈拉遭受了严重的干旱。自从去年春天以来就没有下过雨。土地焦热,毫无生机,就像麻疹病人的脸上那样伤痕累累。任何曾经绿意盎然、神秘莫测的事物都被太阳吸去了生命。太阳炙热的舌头已经舔过了湖边,使水库里的水减少到20年前的五分之一。和水一起快速蒸发的是游客们——那些曾经在马科的孩提时代一起玩耍的来自欧洲各地的度假者被吸引到西班牙其他地方去了,在那里可以游泳也可以驾帆船而丝毫不用担心会擦伤膝盖或船会撞到湖底。
    如果这片风景区正在为了新的水资源管理政策而哭喊着,那么它是饱含着疼痛而干涩的眼泪在啜泣。在布温迪亚东北部,只有古老的西班牙松树林似乎还能支撑着活下去。一种天生具有的求生本能使它们能战胜干旱,而干旱在很久以前就已经剥夺了较弱的竞争者的生命。但是如今松树严重脱水,濒临枯萎,它们难以阻挡火势的进攻——两周以前,13,000公顷的松林因为烤肉野餐的一个火星而被焚烧——这场灾难也夺走了11个人的生命。如今但凡目之所及之处,几乎都是光秃秃的小山。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第23题:

    单选题
    In more recent years, () heat exchangers have frequently been employed for jacket water and oil cooling.
    A

    shell and tube type

    B

    plate type

    C

    coil type

    D

    conical disc type


    正确答案: A
    解析: 暂无解析