What do we know about golf from the passage?A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain.B. It causes water shortages around the world.C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.
题目
What do we know about golf from the passage?
A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain.
B. It causes water shortages around the world.
C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.
D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.
相似考题
更多“What do we know about golf from the passage?A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain.B. It causes water shortages around the world.C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.D. It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green.”相关问题
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第1题：
According to the passage, which is true about the ocean?
A. The waters of the ocean came from rain water.
B. The ocean was formed from the, lighter rock materials.
C. The vast single ocean formed about 200 million years ago.
D. The ocean covered the whole surface of the earth at very beginning.
正确答案：A45．答案为A。选项A符合第二段内容。选项B与原文不符；选项C与第三段最后一句及最后一段不符；选项D与原文第二段最后一句不符。
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第2题：
27． From the passage we know that fresh water doesn't come from________ ．
A．rivers
B．lakes
C．underground
D．the sea
正确答案：D
27.D【解析】由第一段第四句可知，淡水来自于河流、湖泊和地下。 -
第3题：
What do we know about golf from the passage?
A． It is popular in Portugal and Spain
B． It causes water shortages around the world
C． It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes
D． It needs water and electricity to keep its courses green
正确答案：D -
第4题：
共用题干
第三篇
“Life Form Found" on Saturn ' s Titan
Scientists say they have discovered hints of alien life on the Saturn'5 moon.The discovery of a sort of
life was announced after researchers at the US space agency,NASA,analyzed data from spacecraft Cassini,
which pointed to the existence of methane-based form of life on Saturn's biggest moon.
Scientists have reportedly discovered clues showing primitive alien beings are"breathing"in Titan's
dense atmosphere filled with hydrogen.
They argue that hydrogen gets absorbed before hitting Titan's planet-like surface covered with methane
lakes and rivers.This,they say,points to the existence of some"bugs"consuming the hydrogen at the surface
of the moon less than half the size of the Earth.
"We suggested hydrogen consumption because it's the obvious gas for life to consume on Titan,similar
to the way we consume oxygen on Earth,"says NASA scientist Chris McKay."If these signs do turn out to be
a sign of life,it would be doubly exciting because it would represent a second form of life independent from
water-based life on Earth."
To date,scientists have not yet detected this form of life anywhere,though there are liquid-water-based
microorganisms on Earth that grow well on methane or produce it as a waste product. On Titan,where
temperatures are around minus 17 Kelvin(minus 290 degrees Farenheit),a methane-based organism would
have to use a substance that is liquid as its medium for living processes,but not water itself. Water is frozen
solid on Titan'5 surface and much too cold to support life as we know it.
Scientists had expected the Sun'5 interactions with chemicals in the atmosphere to produce a coating of
acetylene on Titan'5 surface.But Cassini detected no acetylene on the surface.
The absence of detectable acetylene on the Titan's surface can very well have a non-biological explana-
tion,said Mark Allen,a principal investigator of the NASA Titan team.
"Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should be the last choice after all non-
biological explanations are addressed,"Allen said."We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-bio-
logical explanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results."What do scientists claim to have found about Saturn?
A: Water-based life on it.
B: Methane-based life on its biggest moon.
C:A new moon moving around it.
D:Earthlike life on its biggest moon.答案：B解析：由文章第一段第二句话中“The discovery of...which pointed to the existence of methane- based form of life on Saturn' s biggest moon.”可知，科学家们的证据显示，土星的这个最大的卫 星上有甲烷基的生命形态存在，故选B。
由文章第二、三段的内容可知，科学家们发现有线索显示“土卫六”上原始的外星生物 在由氢气环绕的稠密大气层中“呼吸”，也就是说这个卫星上有氢气的消耗现象。故选D。
由文章前五段的内容可知，科学家在文章开头提出“土卫六”上可能有甲烷基的生命形 态，即methane-based life，接下来的内容给出了科学家们对此说法的一系列证据来进行论证，故 选C。
由文章的最后两段中Mark Allen的话，尤其是文章最后一句“It is more likely that a chemical process ,without biology , can explain these results.”可知，科学家们认为应该用化学过程 来解释为什么“土卫六”表面没有乙炔，故选B。
由文章内容可知，科学家们提出了土星的这个最大的行星上可能有一种不依赖于水的 生命形态，并从各方面进行了证明，故选A。第5部分：补全短文 -
第5题：
共用题干
Where Has the Salt Come from?
Every now and then,we meet a fact about our earth that makes us feel strange and no
answer for the fact has yet been found.Such a fact is the existence of salt in the oceans.
How did it get there?
We simply do not know how the salt got into the ocean!We do know,of course,that
salt is water-soluble,and so passes into the oceans with rainwater.The salt of the earth's
surface is constantly being dissolved（溶解）and is passing into the ocean.
But we do not know whether this can explain the huge quantity of salt in oceans.If all
the oceans were dried up,enough salt would be left to build a wall 180 miles high and a
mile thick. Such a wall would reach once around the world at the Equator（赤道）!
The common salt that we all use is produced from seawater or the water of salt lakes,
from salt springs（源泉）and from deposits of rock salt. The concentration（浓度）of salt in
seawater ranges from about three percent to three-and-one-half percent. The Dead Sea,
which covers an area of about 340 square miles,contains about 11,600,000,000 tons of
salt!
On the average, a gallon（加仑）of seawater contains about a quarter of a pound of
salt.The beds of rock salt that are found in various parts of the world were all originally
formed by the evaporation（蒸发）of seawater millions of years ago. It is believed that the
thick rock-salt deposits were formed after about nine-tenth of theY volume of seawater had
been evaporated.
Most commercial salt is obtained from rock salt.The usual method is to drill wells（井）
down to the salt beds. Pure water is pumped down（抽进去）through a pipe. The water
dissolves the salt and it is forced through another pipe up to the surface.The author is sure that the dissolved salt from the earth's surface is the only source of the huge quantity of salt found in oceans.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析： -
第6题：
共用题干
Water
Earth is like a big blue marble.From high above the Earth and from the moon,the planet gleams and shines.The blue water in the oceans and seas of the Earth makes a dramatic image.The white clouds above the Earth add beauty to the picture.Water is the source of this beauty and the source of life on Earth.It is the reason people can live on this planet. Water is everywhere.(46)_______.It is in the soil,the ground that grows the food.Water is in rock deep under the ground, in natural holding areas一in storage.In a real sense,water keeps Earth alive.
Nature has an unchanging amount of water. Nature has a perfect system for recycling water. (47)_____.It falls as rain.Then it goes to one of three places.It might sink slowly through the soil into the natural holding areas in the rock.(48)_______一by becoming vapor,or gas.It might run off into streams,rivers and oceans.By itself,nature can keep the balance and provide plenty of clean water for us.Nature recycles water.
However,people cause problems for this natural recycling system.Nature's recycling system can work well(49)________.Some ways that people upset nature are easy to understand.For example, dirty sewage（污水沟系统）water from homes and factories must not mix with drinking water. People get sick from drinking contaminated water. Sometimes water from factories goes into streams and rivers.It enters into the groundwater. It can flow into lakes too.This kind of contamination from industry(waste water from factories) can be dangerous for people.If water contains poisons and chemicals,it is poison.(50)________;some poisons kill people as well as birds and animals.Without knowing,people can upset nature's recycling system.
Lakes and rivers add beauty to the world. People enjoy water for entertainment purposes,too. People enjoy swimming and playing in the cool water of a lake in the summer. They like to ride on boats on rivers.Many people enjoy catching fish in the rivers.They fish for food and for sport.However,in some places,the water of the lakes and rivers is no longer safe.These rivers and lakes are contaminated.The fish are dying because of the chemicals from farms and factories.People cannot swim in the polluted water._________（49）
A:Poison makes people sick
B:It is in the air that people breathe
C:We can not live without water
D:Water is used again and again
E:only if people work with the system and not against it
F: It might disappear into the air quickly答案：E解析：文章前一句说水到处都存在，那么后一句应该跟此句有关系，而且下一句说“它存在土壤里”，因此选项B项“它在人们呼吸的空气里”是最合适的。
文章前一句说大自然有一个循环水的完美系统，那么后一句相关的选项只有D项“水可以一遍又一遍地反复利用”。
从本句的前后句看这是一个排比句式，三句话都是以it might开头，而后半句“变成蒸汽或水汽”更证明选项F是最合适的。
本句前一句讲人们会引起大自然循环体系的问题，那么空格里应该填入人们怎么做大自然的循环体系才能很好地运转。因此选项E“只有顺着这个系统，而不是对它造成破坏”是最佳选择。
本句前后句的关键词是“poison"，因此判断只有选项A“毒物使人生病” 最合适。 -
第7题：
共用题干
What We Take From and Give to the Sea
As long as we have been on earth,we have used the sea around us.We take things from the ocean,and we give to it.
We take fishes from the ocean-millions of kilograms of fish,every year,to feed millions of people.______(46)We take minerals from the ocean.One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates.______(47) Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea,too.But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation.
Other gifts from the sea are pearls,sponges and seaweed.Pearls become jewelry.______(48)
Seaweed becomes food of many kinds-even candy,and ice cream-as well as medicine.Believe it or not,fresh water is another gift from the sea.We cannot drink ocean water.______(49)
But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed.In the future,we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.
The sea gives us food,fertilizer,minerals,water,and other gifts .What do we give the sea?
Garbage.______(50)Huge as it is,the ocean cannot hold all the water we pour into it. Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life.Yet as the world population grows,we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.
We are finally learning that if we destroy our sea,we might also destroy ourselves.Hopeful-ly,it is not too late.______(48)
A: Natural sponges become cleaning aids.
B: We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump.
C: The area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller.
D: Along with salt,other minerals are left after evaporation.
E: We even use their bones for fertilizer.
F: Some of its contents may cause illness.答案：A解析：前面一句讲到：我们从大海里捕捞大量的鱼供人们食用，接着应讲“甚至连鱼的骨头也被用来做化肥”。even清楚地提示了这两句话的关系。
前面一句讲到：我们可以通过水的蒸发从海水中得到盐。通过常识可知，除了盐之外，水蒸发以后还会有别的矿物质留下来。
前面的内容讲到：除了矿物质外，大海还给了我们珍珠、海绵和海草。接着作者分别用一句话来说明每一样东西的用途。先讲了珍珠，最后讲的是海草，中间的一句肯定是讲海绵的用途了。
前一句话说海水不能喝，接下来很自然要解释为什么不能喝。
前面用garbage有力地回答了“我们给了大海什么”，这里是对回答的具体解释。 -
第8题：
共用题干
第一篇
Water Resources on the Earth
The second most important constituent（构成成分）of the biosphere（生物圈）is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures,since water freezes at 0℃and boils a 100℃．Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperature: somewhere within this narrow range.
The earth's supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity.The total quantity of water is not known very accurately,but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three-quarter kilometers.Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans一about 97 percent. The rest is fresh.But three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the poles and or mountains and cannot be used by living systems until melted.Of the remaining fraction,which h somewhat less than one percent of the whole.There is 10—20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface.There is also a tiny,but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as water vapour in the atmosphere.
Water vapour in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole water circulation（循环） of the biosphere has to pass.Water evaporated（蒸发）from the surface of the oceans,from lakes and rivers and from moist（潮湿的）earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow,falling on either the sea or the land. There is,as might be expected, a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land,but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans and the balance is restored by the run off from the land in the form of rivers.The total quantity of water on Earth________.
A:has greatly increased in recent years
B:remains almost unchanged
C:is decreasing constantly
D:is affected by global warming答案：B解析：文章第一段的第二句讲到液态水“only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures"，虽然B（我们星球的表面）也有点道理，但是液态水对温度的要求很高，并非地球的所有表面都有液态水存在，所以答案D正确。
第二段第一句提到地球上水的供给“remains fairly constant in quantity"，数量上是恒定的，它就没有增加也不会减少，只不过会以不同的形态出现，所以选择B（保持不变）。
问题是“地球上绝大部分淡水以什么形式出现？”第二段中间提到淡水时，说到“three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the poles and on mountains"，即3/4的淡水以冰的形式存在于两极和高山中，后面提到剩余部分的淡水存在于地下，但占比少于1%,所以选项A正确。
词义辫析题， fraction有“小部分”的意思，考虑到前面提到地球97％的水以海洋咸水的形式存在，剩下的3％则以冰的形式存在于两极和高山，余下的自然不多，所以选B。
第三段的最后一句说到“there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans”，陆地的降雨比海洋要多，但没有提到河流和山脉的降雨比较，所以C正确。大气中的水蒸气是整个生物圈的水循环必经的途径。水从海洋的表面、湖泊、河流和潮湿的泥土中蒸发出来并补充到大气中。水以雨或雪的形式再次出现，降落在海洋或陆地上。可以预料到的是，海洋上空每单位面积的水蒸气比在陆地上空更为密集，但是，陆地比海洋有更多的降雨，水在陆地上以河流的形式流出以保持水资源的平衡。 -
第9题：
The water we drink and use is running short in the world.We all have to learn how to stop wasting our limited water.One of the steps we should take is to find ways of reusing it.Experiments have already been done in this field.
Today in most large cities,fresh water is used only once,then it runs into waste system.But it is possible to pipe the used water to a purifying factory.There it can be filtered and treated with chemicals so that it can be used again,just as it were fresh from a spring.
But even if every large city purified and reused its water,we still would not have enough.Then we could turn to the oceans.All we’d have to do to make use of the seawater on earth is to get rid of the salt.This process is called desalinization,and it is already in use in many parts of the world.
The way to stop wasting our limited water is to________.A.do experiments with water
B.purify the used water and reuse it
C.use fresh water once again
D.make use of seawater答案：B解析： -
第10题：
单选题What has the United Nations made up its mind to do from the passage?ASet an Earth Protecting Day
BProtect and love the earth
CHold an international meeting
DFind out what is making the pollution
正确答案： D解析：
由The United Nations的描述可知，他们已经决定要保护地球，爱护地球，因此答案为B项“Protect and love the earth”。 -
第11题：
问答题Practice 5 Water is essential for life. Yet many millions of people around the world face water shortages. Many millions of children die every year from water-borne diseases. And drought regularly afflicts some of the world’s poorest countries. The world needs to respond much better. We need to increase water efficiency, especially in agriculture. We need to free women and girls from the daily chore of hauling water. We must involve leaders of countries in decision-making on water management. We need to make sanitation a priority. This is where progress is lagging most. And we must show that water resources need not be a source of conflict. Instead, they can be a catalyst for cooperation. Significant gains have been made. But a major effort is still required. Our goal is to meet the internationally agreed targets for water and sanitation by 2015, and to build the foundation for further progress in the years beyond. This is an urgent matter of human development, and human dignity. Together, we can provide safe, clean water to the entire world’s people. The world’s water resources are our lifeline for survival, and [or sustainable development in the 21st century. Together, we must manage them better.正确答案： 【参考译文】
水对生命是至关重要的,然而世界各地数以百万计的人们却面临着水源短缺的问题。每年有数百万儿童由于水传播的疾病而死亡,世界上某些最贫穷的国家经常遭受干旱的折磨。
世界需要更好地应对这一挑战。我们需要提高用水效率,特别是在农业方面;我们需要把女性从每日提水的家务中解放出来;我们必须使国家领导人参与水源管理的决策;我们需要优先考虑公共卫生,而这方面的进展尤为缓慢;我们必须指出水资源不应成为冲突之源,而应成为合作的催化剂。
我们已取得了显著进展,但仍需付出巨大努力。我们的目标是:要达到国际社会协商规定的2015年前要达到的水和卫生方面的目标,并为以后的进展奠定基础。
这是一个关乎人类发展和尊严的紧迫问题;如果齐心协力,我们可以为全世界人民提供安全、清洁的水。水资源是我们赖以生存的生命线,也是21世纪可持续发展的生命线;我们必须共同努力,更好地管理水资源。解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
填空题What conclusion can we draw about working at home from the passage?Working at home is getting popular but most people need to meet their colleagues ____.正确答案： face to face.解析：
主旨题。由录音中的最后一句话可知，实际上，人们不能只在家工作而不面对面地接触同事。所以此处应填face to face。
【录音原文】
With the increasing use of the Internet, it is becoming more and more common for people to work at home. There appear to be many advantages to this. First, it saves time and money normally spent on traveling. It also reduces pollution. In addition, you have the opportunity to choose when and how you work. It’s not necessary that everyone stick to a nine-to-five working day. You can be your own boss. However, there just isn’t enough human interaction if you only work at home. Real communication seems to be absent. Perhaps younger people don’t have this problem as they can use online communication techniques. But employees who work at home seem to spend too much time online trying to find people to meet face to face. In fact, most people are not able to work just at home without meeting their colleagues face to face sometimes.
Q 11: why are more and more people able to work at home?
Q 12: What are the advantages of working at home?
Q 13: What is another advantage of working at home?
Q 14: What is the problem with working at home only?
Q 15: What conclusion can we draw about working at home from the passage? -
第13题：
B
The world is not only hungry，it is also thirsty for water． this may seem strange to you，since nearly 75% of the earth is covered with water． But about 97% of this water is sea water．Man can only drink and use the other 3% fresh water that comes from rivers，lakes，under-ground and other places． And we cannot even use all of that，because some of this fresh water has been made dirty．
At the moment，this small amount(数量) of fresh water is still enough for us． However，our need for water is getting greater and greater． Only if we take steps to solve this problem now，we can get away from a serious world water shortage later on． The people of the world cannot have an enjoyable life without enough clean water．
On one hand we should stop wasting this little water of ours，on the other hand we should find ways to reuse it，but this has not been done widely．
Today，in most large cities，water is used only once and it then returns to the sea or runs into underground places．lf we can make it clean again，it can be used once more just as if it were fresh from a spring．
But even if large cities reuse its water，we still would not have enough in the future． Where．could we turn to next for water? To the ocean! How can we do to make use of this great a-mount of sea water? We can take the salt from the water to make it fresh．
So if we take all these steps，we'll be in no danger of drying up!
( )26． Why does the writer say that the world is thirsty for water?
A． The amount of fresh water is really very small．
B． The people of the world waste too much water．
C． The people of the world have to drink a lot of water every day．
D． There are too many people in the world needing water．
正确答案：A
26．A【解析】由第一段的描述可知，人类只有3%的、 淡水可以利用。 -
第14题：
回答 64 ~ 67 题： C Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature． However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.
Some sports are resource-hungry.Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses（球场） in good condition. This causes major environmental effects.For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.
There are many environment-friendly sport. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today.You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes；and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse.Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit.If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones.Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.
Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.But the final goal should be “green gyms”.They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers.Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces.There is no special requirement for you to start your membership.And best of all, it’s free
第9题：Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?
A． Cycling around a lake
B． Motor racing in the desert
C． Playing basketball in a gym
D． Swimming in a sports center
正确答案：A -
第15题：
共用题干
Where Has the Salt Come from?
Every now and then,we meet a fact about our earth that makes us feel strange and no
answer for the fact has yet been found.Such a fact is the existence of salt in the oceans.
How did it get there?
We simply do not know how the salt got into the ocean!We do know,of course,that
salt is water-soluble,and so passes into the oceans with rainwater.The salt of the earth's
surface is constantly being dissolved（溶解）and is passing into the ocean.
But we do not know whether this can explain the huge quantity of salt in oceans.If all
the oceans were dried up,enough salt would be left to build a wall 180 miles high and a
mile thick. Such a wall would reach once around the world at the Equator（赤道）!
The common salt that we all use is produced from seawater or the water of salt lakes,
from salt springs（源泉）and from deposits of rock salt. The concentration（浓度）of salt in
seawater ranges from about three percent to three-and-one-half percent. The Dead Sea,
which covers an area of about 340 square miles,contains about 11,600,000,000 tons of
salt!
On the average, a gallon（加仑）of seawater contains about a quarter of a pound of
salt.The beds of rock salt that are found in various parts of the world were all originally
formed by the evaporation（蒸发）of seawater millions of years ago. It is believed that the
thick rock-salt deposits were formed after about nine-tenth of theY volume of seawater had
been evaporated.
Most commercial salt is obtained from rock salt.The usual method is to drill wells（井）
down to the salt beds. Pure water is pumped down（抽进去）through a pipe. The water
dissolves the salt and it is forced through another pipe up to the surface.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析： -
第16题：
共用题干
Where Has the Salt Come from?
Every now and then,we meet a fact about our earth that makes us feel strange and no
answer for the fact has yet been found.Such a fact is the existence of salt in the oceans.
How did it get there?
We simply do not know how the salt got into the ocean!We do know,of course,that
salt is water-soluble,and so passes into the oceans with rainwater.The salt of the earth's
surface is constantly being dissolved（溶解）and is passing into the ocean.
But we do not know whether this can explain the huge quantity of salt in oceans.If all
the oceans were dried up,enough salt would be left to build a wall 180 miles high and a
mile thick. Such a wall would reach once around the world at the Equator（赤道）!
The common salt that we all use is produced from seawater or the water of salt lakes,
from salt springs（源泉）and from deposits of rock salt. The concentration（浓度）of salt in
seawater ranges from about three percent to three-and-one-half percent. The Dead Sea,
which covers an area of about 340 square miles,contains about 11,600,000,000 tons of
salt!
On the average, a gallon（加仑）of seawater contains about a quarter of a pound of
salt.The beds of rock salt that are found in various parts of the world were all originally
formed by the evaporation（蒸发）of seawater millions of years ago. It is believed that the
thick rock-salt deposits were formed after about nine-tenth of theY volume of seawater had
been evaporated.
Most commercial salt is obtained from rock salt.The usual method is to drill wells（井）
down to the salt beds. Pure water is pumped down（抽进去）through a pipe. The water
dissolves the salt and it is forced through another pipe up to the surface.Beds of rock salt are found in every part of the world.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：A解析： -
第17题：
共用题干
Where Has the Salt Come from?
Every now and then,we meet a fact about our earth that makes us feel strange and no
answer for the fact has yet been found.Such a fact is the existence of salt in the oceans.
How did it get there?
We simply do not know how the salt got into the ocean!We do know,of course,that
salt is water-soluble,and so passes into the oceans with rainwater.The salt of the earth's
surface is constantly being dissolved（溶解）and is passing into the ocean.
But we do not know whether this can explain the huge quantity of salt in oceans.If all
the oceans were dried up,enough salt would be left to build a wall 180 miles high and a
mile thick. Such a wall would reach once around the world at the Equator（赤道）!
The common salt that we all use is produced from seawater or the water of salt lakes,
from salt springs（源泉）and from deposits of rock salt. The concentration（浓度）of salt in
seawater ranges from about three percent to three-and-one-half percent. The Dead Sea,
which covers an area of about 340 square miles,contains about 11,600,000,000 tons of
salt!
On the average, a gallon（加仑）of seawater contains about a quarter of a pound of
salt.The beds of rock salt that are found in various parts of the world were all originally
formed by the evaporation（蒸发）of seawater millions of years ago. It is believed that the
thick rock-salt deposits were formed after about nine-tenth of theY volume of seawater had
been evaporated.
Most commercial salt is obtained from rock salt.The usual method is to drill wells（井）
down to the salt beds. Pure water is pumped down（抽进去）through a pipe. The water
dissolves the salt and it is forced through another pipe up to the surface.We have not fully understood how salt got into the ocean.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：A解析： -
第18题：
共用题干
What We Take From and Give to the Sea
As long as we have been on earth,we have used the sea around us.We take from the ocean,and we give to it.
We take fishes from the ocean-millions of kilograms of fish,every year,to________(51)millions of people.We even_______(52)their bones for fertilizer.We take minerals from the ocean.One way to get salt is to_______(53)seawater in shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates（蒸发）.Along with salt,other minerals are left_______(54)evaporation.Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea,too.But the sea does not give them_______(55)by simple evaporation.________(56)gifts from the sea are pearls , sponges（海绵）and seaweed.Pearls________(57)jewelry.Natural sponges become cleaning aids.Seaweed becomes______(58)of many kinds一even candy,and ice cream一as well as medicine.Believe it or not,fresh water is another_______(59)from the sea.We cannot drink ocean water.Some of its contents may______(60)illness.But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are ________(61).In the future,we will find ourselves．________(62)more and more onfresh water from the sea.
The sea_______(63)us food,fertilizer,minerals,water,and other gifts.What do we give the sea?Garbage.We pollute the ocean_______(64)we use it as a garbage dump.Huge as it is,the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it.________(65)garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life.Yet as the world population grows,we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever._________65
A:Reducing
B:Collecting
C:Removing
D:Casting答案：D解析：根据句意可知，我们每年从海里捕获数百万千克的鱼，以给几百万人提供食物。feed意思是“供……作为食物”，符合句意。attract吸引；save保护，挽救；affect影响。
根据句意可知，我们甚至使用鱼骨头作为肥料。use意思是“使用”，符合句意。buy 买；treat对待；have拥有。
根据句意可知，制盐的一种办法就是将海水放在浅底的水池里直至水分蒸发。place意思是“放置”，符合句意。flow流动；pour倾倒；throw投掷。
根据句意可知，除了盐之外，水蒸发以后还有别的矿物质留下来。after意思是“在……之后”，符合句意。before在……之前；until直到；for为了。
give up意思是“放弃”，符合句意。give in屈服，投降；give away赠送，捐赠；give over（口语）别再……了，到此为止吧，住手。
根据句意可知，海洋赐予我们的礼物还有珍珠、海绵和海草。other意思是“其他的”，符合句意。such这样的，如此的；all所有的；another另一个。
根据句意可知，珍珠能做成珠宝。become意思是“变成，成为”，符合句意。change改变；make制作；turn转变。该句和后面两句在结构上一致，因此也用become。
根据句意可知，海草可加工成许多种食品，甚至糖果、冰淇淋和药品。food意思是“食品”，符合句意。material材料；item商品；product产品。
根据句意可知，淡水是海洋赐予我们的另一种礼物。gift意思是“礼物”，符合句意。 source资源；thing事情；matter问题。
根据句意可知，海水不能饮用，其中有些物质会致病。cause意思是“引起”，符合句意。 cure治愈；experience经历；catch抓住。
根据句意可知，去掉海水中的盐分后，海水就变成了淡水。remove意思是“去除”，符合句意。do做;dry使变干；make制作。
根据句意可知，将来，我们会越来越依赖于由海水转化来的淡水。depend on，固定搭配，意思是“依赖”，符合句意。
根据句意可知，海洋给予我们食物、化肥、矿物、水资源以及其他的礼物。give意思是 “给予”，符合句意。get得到；teach教；obtain获得。
此处缺少一个连词，when意思是“当……的时候”，符合句意。if如果；although尽管； because因为。
根据句意可知，把垃圾往大海里倾倒就是在把海洋生物杀绝灭尽。cast意思是“扔、抛”，符合句意。reduce减少；collect搜集；remove移动，移除。 -
第19题：
共用题干
第一篇
Water Resources on the Earth
The second most important constituent（构成成分）of the biosphere（生物圈）is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures,since water freezes at 0℃and boils a 100℃．Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperature: somewhere within this narrow range.
The earth's supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity.The total quantity of water is not known very accurately,but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three-quarter kilometers.Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans一about 97 percent. The rest is fresh.But three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the poles and or mountains and cannot be used by living systems until melted.Of the remaining fraction,which h somewhat less than one percent of the whole.There is 10—20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface.There is also a tiny,but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as water vapour in the atmosphere.
Water vapour in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole water circulation（循环） of the biosphere has to pass.Water evaporated（蒸发）from the surface of the oceans,from lakes and rivers and from moist（潮湿的）earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow,falling on either the sea or the land. There is,as might be expected, a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land,but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans and the balance is restored by the run off from the land in the form of rivers.Most of the fresh water on Earth________.
A:is in the form of ice at the poles and on mountains
B:is stored underground
C:is found in rivers and lakes
D:comes from the rain答案：A解析：文章第一段的第二句讲到液态水“only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures"，虽然B（我们星球的表面）也有点道理，但是液态水对温度的要求很高，并非地球的所有表面都有液态水存在，所以答案D正确。
第二段第一句提到地球上水的供给“remains fairly constant in quantity"，数量上是恒定的，它就没有增加也不会减少，只不过会以不同的形态出现，所以选择B（保持不变）。
问题是“地球上绝大部分淡水以什么形式出现？”第二段中间提到淡水时，说到“three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the poles and on mountains"，即3/4的淡水以冰的形式存在于两极和高山中，后面提到剩余部分的淡水存在于地下，但占比少于1%,所以选项A正确。
词义辫析题， fraction有“小部分”的意思，考虑到前面提到地球97％的水以海洋咸水的形式存在，剩下的3％则以冰的形式存在于两极和高山，余下的自然不多，所以选B。
第三段的最后一句说到“there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans”，陆地的降雨比海洋要多，但没有提到河流和山脉的降雨比较，所以C正确。大气中的水蒸气是整个生物圈的水循环必经的途径。水从海洋的表面、湖泊、河流和潮湿的泥土中蒸发出来并补充到大气中。水以雨或雪的形式再次出现，降落在海洋或陆地上。可以预料到的是，海洋上空每单位面积的水蒸气比在陆地上空更为密集，但是，陆地比海洋有更多的降雨，水在陆地上以河流的形式流出以保持水资源的平衡。 -
第20题：
共用题干
Where Did the Earth's Water Come From?
Earth is located within the"snow line"of the solar system,the region closest to the Sun where H2 0 is primarily in liquid or gaseous form,if at all.______(46)The snow line phenomena is reflected in the water content of planets like Mercury,Venus,and Mars. Water is absent on Mercury.On Venus,H2O only exists as a trace element in the atmosphere.Mars only has a thin veneer of ice in its polar regions.In general,water is rare within the snow line.
Why does Earth have so much water relative to the other inner planets?71%of the surface is covered in the oceans,more than half of which is deeper than 3,000 meters,with an approximate total volume of 1.3 billion cu km.______(47)
There are various theories as to where all the Earth's water came from,but several theories have fared better than the others.______(48)When the Earth was in the process of forming,with a radius just 40%smaller than at present,it would have had enough gravity to hold on to a tenuous atmosphere with water vapor. The first water vapor on the planet would have come from the planet's internals,where volatile(low weight)chemicals would have a tendency to float to the top,and heavy chemicals(iron and nickel)would sink.
Though the first of Earth's water came about through volcanism,this alone probably didn't produce enough to form stable pools on the surface.______(49)Comparing the isotope ratios of water on Earth and water from comets and asteroids has revealed that the majority of the Earth's water comes from asteroids.
Throughout its history,Earth's water has increased in volume due to biological processes. In the early seas of Earth,hydrogen sulfide would have been in great supply,which,when reacted with carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis in sulfide-reducing bacteria,would have produced hydrogen,sulfur,and water.______(50)________（49）
A: More water was added to the planet during several hypothesized large impacts from asteroids from the outer asteroid belt.
B:We know that the oceans existed as early as 100 million years after the formation of the Earth.
C:Still,the oceans only make up 0.023%of the Earth's total mass.
D:Astronomers say Earth s water may have come from space.
E:The snow line is located in the outerasteroid belt,between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
F: Many geologists believe that the majority of Earth's water generated through this process.答案：A解析：文中第一段第一句提到了snow line，接下来的依据肯定还是要对snow line进行进一步说明，而选项中，只有E选项提到了snow line，所以选择E。
文中第二段主要说明地球上的水占的比重，而只有C选项是对这一主题进行说明，所以选择C。
根据后一句When the Earth was in the process of forming可以得知，该段是在讲述地球的形成历史，B选项We know that the oceans existed as early as 100 million years after the formation of the Earth也是在讲述地球形成的历史，所以选择B。
后一句：Comparing the isotope ratios of water on Earth and water from comets and asteroids has revealed that the majority of the Earth's water comes from asteroids．通过把地球上水的同位素和小行星以及彗星上的水的同位素进行比较，发现地球上的水主要来自小行星。可以推断出，该句要讲述地球上的水与太空中小行星的关系，所以A选项正确。
文中的最后一段主要是讲地球上水的来源。前一句：In the early seas of Earth,hydrogen sulfide would have been in great supply,which,when reacted with carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis in sulfide-reducing bacteria,would have produced hydrogen , sulfur , and water．在地球早期的海洋中，硫氢化合物非常丰富，在去硫细菌的光合作用的影响下，它与大气层中的二氧化碳产生化学反应，产生大量的氢、硫，以及水。这是地球自身产生的水，而F选项Many geologists believe that the majority of Earth's water generated through this process(许多地理学家认为地球上水的产生主要通过这一进程实现）正好承接前一句，所以F选项正确。 -
第21题：
单选题From the passage, we know that _____.Aa few years ago. there was no smog at all
Btoday people don’t have to talk to each other loudly
Cwe can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes
Dpeople are making rules in order to fight pollution
正确答案： A解析：
综合考虑全文及文章最后一段“Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.”可知，人们为了与污染抗争而制定规则。 -
第22题：
单选题—What do you know about kite surfing?—It is ______ exciting water sport.Aa
Ban
Cthe
D/
正确答案： A解析：
句意：—你对风筝冲浪了解多少？—它是一种很刺激的水上运动。本题考查冠词的用法。exciting的发音[?k’sa?t??]，是以元音字母开头的，所以这里应该用不定冠词an。B项正确。 -
第23题：
单选题请阅读 Passage 1，完成第 21~25小题。Passage 1These days，many large city buildings are equipped with their own air-conditioning systems.These systems help keep the buildings cool，but they can also damage the environment.Since they use a lot of electricity，for instance，they contribute indirectly to global warming.In addition，the water that flows through the systems is often cooled using chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons，or CFCs，that are believed to damage the Earth's ozone layer.Recently，though，a system has been built in the city of Toronto，Canada，that cools buildings with little damage to the environment. In the traditional air-conditioning systems found in most large buildings，water is pumped through the building in a continuous cycle.The water is first cooled to a temperature of 4℃ in machines called chillers.It is then sent to individual units that cool the air in each room.As the water flows through the building，it gradually becomes warmer.Finally，it reaches the roof ，where it is left to cool down naturally in a water tower.After that it is returned to the chillers，where the cycle begins again.Toronto lies on the shore of Lake Ontario，one of North America's Great Lakes，and the new system makes use of cold water taken from about 80 meters below the surface of the lake.At this depth，the water in the lake remains at 4℃ all year round.This is exactly the temperature to which the water in air-conditioning systems is cooled.However，the water from the lake is not pumped directly into the air-conditioning systems.Instead，it is used to cool the water that is already inside the air-conditioning systems.After that，the lake water is added to the city's ordinary water supply.Enwave，the company that developed this deep-lake cooling system，says that it uses 75 percent less energy than traditional air conditioning.And since no CFCs are used，no damage can be caused to the ozone layer.Not every city is located next to a large lake，but experts believe that systems like the one being used in Toronto could be built elsewhere by using other natural sources of cold water.What is one problem with traditional air-conditioning systems?AThe chemicals they use sometimes pollute the water supply.
BThey often damage the buildings that they are trying to cool.
CThere are not enough CFCs in the world to cool all the buildings.
DThe method they use to cool water is thought to harm the ozone layer.
正确答案： A解析：