问答题Is More Growth Really Better?　　A number of writers have raised questions about the desirability of faster economic growth as an end in itself, at least in the wealthier industrialized countries. Yet faster growth does mean more wealth, and to most peop

题目
问答题
Is More Growth Really Better?　　A number of writers have raised questions about the desirability of faster economic growth as an end in itself, at least in the wealthier industrialized countries. Yet faster growth does mean more wealth, and to most people the desirability of wealth is beyond question. “I’ve been rich and I’ve been poor—and I can tell you, rich is better,” a noted stage personality is said to have told an interviewer, and most people seem to have the same attitude about the economy as a whole. To those who hold this belief, a healthy economy is one that is capable of turning out vast quantities of shoes, food, cars, and TV sets. An economy whose capacity to provide all these things is not expanding is said to have succumbed to the disease of stagnation.　　Economists from Adam Smith to Karl Marx saw great virtue in economic growth. Marx argued that capitalism, at least in its earlier historical stages, was a vital form of economic organization by which society got out of the rut in which the medieval stage of history had trapped it. Marx believed that “the development of the productive powers of society... alone can form the real basis of a higher form of productive powers of society”. Marx went on to tell us that only where such great productive powers have been unleashed can one have “a society in which the full and free development of every individual forms the ruling principle.” In other words, only a wealthy economy can afford to give all individuals the opportunity for full personal satisfaction through the use of their special abilities in their jobs and through increased leisure activities.　　Yet the desirability of further economic growth for a society that is already wealthy has been questioned on grounds that undoubtedly have a good deal of validity. It is pointed out that the sheer increase in quantity of products has imposed an enormous cost on society in the form of pollution, crowding, proliferation of wastes that need disposal, and debilitating psychological and social effects. It is said that industry has transformed the satisfying and creative tasks of the artisan into the mechanical and dehumanizing routine of the assembly line. It has dotted our roadsides with junkyards, filled our air with smoke, and poisoned our food with dangerous chemicals. The question is whether the outpouring of frozen foods, talking dolls, radios, and headache remedies is worth its high cost to society. As one well-known economist put it:　　The continued pursuit of economic growth by Western Societies is more likely on balance to reduce rather than increase social welfare... Technological innovations may offer to add to men’s material opportunities. But by increasing the risks of their obsolescence it adds also to their anxiety. Swifter means of communications have the paradoxical effect of isolating people; increased mobility has led to more hours commuting; increased automobilization to increased separation; more television to less communication. In consequence, people know less of their neighbors than ever before.　　Virtually every economist agrees that these concerns are valid, though many question whether economic growth is their major cause. Nevertheless, they all emphasize that pollution of air and water, noise and congestion, and the mechanization of the work process are very real and very serious problems. There is every reason for society to undertake programs that grapple with these problems. 11
相似考题

1.If he had followed the directions carefully in taking the medicine, he would have felt better ().A.much quickerB.more quickC.much quicklyD.more quickly

2.The more bags they have, the better organized they are to___________ life on the street.A.copingB.copeC.copedD.cope with

3.Some experts argue that the money is well spent because ______.A. crime will cost more money to societyB. the government can well afford the moneyC. the number of prisoners is not really largeD. prisoner population decreased in the 1990s

4.()more experience ,he would have done it better.A、GivenB、GivingC、To giveD、Gave

参考答案和解析
正确答案： 【参考译文】
经济发展得越快越好吗? 近年来,不少人或撰文或著书来提出质疑:为经济而发展经济,至少在较富裕的工业化国家究竟有无必要?诚然,经济增长得越快的确意味着更多的财富,而且大多数人都追求财富,这是勿庸置疑的。“富裕也罢,贫穷也罢,我都经历过。说实话,富裕当然胜过贫穷。”一位知名演员曾这样向采访者坦言。大多数人在整体上对经济似乎也持同样观点。他们认为,健康的经济必须能够生产出大批量的鞋子、食品、汽车和电视机。当某个经济体的这种产出能力不再扩大,人们就认为它遭遇了经济停滞的危机。
从亚当·斯密到卡尔·马克思,许多经济学家都认识到经济增长的好处。马克思认为资本主义至少在其历史发展的初期确实是一种重要的经济组织形式,它使整个社会摆脱了中世纪的桎梏。马克思认为“单凭社会生产能力的发展这一点就能为社会生产能力的更高形式打下坚实基础,成为更高一级社会形式的根基。”马克思还告诉我们,只有当这种强大的生产能力有了长足的发展之后,人们才能拥有“一个以个人的完全自由发展为指导原则的社会。”换言之,只有富足的经济才能使每个社会成员的自我需求得到充分满足。这种满足体现为:在工作中施展才能或是在不断丰富的休闲活动中尽情放松。
然而对于一个已经非常富足的社会而言是否有必要再一味追求发展,人们对此的质疑,无疑是有充分说服力的。一味地追求产品数量的增长已经让社会付出了巨大的代价。比如环境污染,交通拥挤,需特殊处理废物的激增,以及由此造成的负面心理及社会影响。人们认为工业化的出现,已经把以往工匠们给人以享受的创造性工作,变成了流水线上毫无人性的机械化操作。工业化使街头堆满了垃圾,空气中弥漫着烟雾,食品中残留着有毒农药。问题在于,那些大量的冷冻食品、说话娃娃、收音机和止痛药能否弥补工业化给社会造成的巨大代价。
正如一位著名的经济学家所言:西方社会一味地追求经济发展,总体看来,非但没有优化人们的社会生活,相反有恶化趋势。科技创新也许给人们带来了物质上的满足,但是由于更新换代的速度太快,反而使人们倍感焦虑;通讯方式更加快捷了,人们却更加孤独了;社会流动性增强了,人们反而疲于奔命;汽车更加普及了,人们反而更加疏远了;看电视的时间多了,人们交流的机会少了。结果人们与周围邻居之间从来没有像现在这样陌生。
几乎所有的经济学家都认为这种关注并非杞人忧天,尽管很多人并不认为经济的增长就是罪魁祸首。然而他们一致强调:水和空气污染、噪音、交通拥挤、机械性的工作等问题的确是很严重的现实问题。社会确实没有任何理由不尽一切努力解决好这些问题。
解析： 暂无解析
更多“Is More Growth Really Better?　　A number of writers have rais”相关问题

  • 第1题：

    _______more attention, the young trees could have grown much better.

    A. To give

    B. Given

    C. Give

    D. Having given


    正确答案：B

    参考译文：倘若给予更多关注，这些小树本来可以长得更好。given表假设，常与虚拟语气连用。

  • 第2题：

    With a little more patience, you () the job better.

    A、could do

    B、would do

    C、could have done

    D、must have done


    参考答案：C

  • 第3题：

    The world’s population continues to grow. There now are about 4 billion of us on earth. That could reach 6 billion by the end of the century and 11 billion in a further 75 years. Experts have long been concerned about such a growth. Where will we find the food, water, jobs, houses, school and health care for all these people?

    A major new study shows that the situation may be changing. A large and rapid drop in the world’s birth rate has taken place during the past 10 years. Families generally are smaller now than they were a few years ago. It is happening in both developing and industrial nations.

    Researchers said they found a number of reasons for this. More men and women are waiting longer to get married and are using birth control devices and methods to prevent or delay pregnancy. More women are going to school or working at jobs away from home instead of having children. And more governments, especially in developing nations, now support family planning programs to reduce population grow.

    China is one of the nations that have made great progress in reducing its population growth. China has already cut its rate of population growth by about half since 1970.

    Each Chinese family is now urged to have no more than one child. And the hope is to reach a zero population growth with the total number of births equaling the total number of deaths by the year 2000.

    Several nations in Europe already have fewer births than deaths. Experts said that these nations could face a serious shortage of workers in the future. And the persons who are working could face much higher taxes to help support the growing number of retired people.

    1. The world’s population could reach ____________.

    A. 6 billion in 75 years

    B. 11 billion in 2075

    C. 11 billion by the end of this century

    D. 600 million in 15 years

    2. Which of the following is true?

    A. The world’s birth rate is higher than ten years ago.

    B. There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years.

    C. Families are as large as before.

    D. Birth control has been well practiced in all nations.

    3. By the year 2000, the number of births and the number of deaths in China will _______.

    A. be greatly different

    B. drop a great deal

    C. be equal

    D. become much larger

    4. According to the essay, China’s population control ________.

    A. is not quite successful

    B. should be considered a big success

    C. is far from being successful

    D. is a complete failure

    5. It may happen in the future that the people who are working in Europe will have to pay much higher taxes because___________.

    A. more and more children will be born

    B. the number of retired people will become ever larger

    C. fewer and fewer children will be born

    D. they will be making a lot of money


    答案：BBCBB

    解析：译文

    世界人口继续增长。现在地球上大约有40亿人。到本世纪末，这一数字可能会达到60亿，再过75年就会达到110亿。长期以来，专家们一直关注这种增长。我们在哪里能找到这些人的食物、水、工作、房子、学校和医疗保健？

    一项新的重大研究表明，情况可能正在改变。在过去10年里，世界人口出生率急剧下降。现在的家庭一般比几年前小。发展中国家和工业国家都在发生这种情况。

    研究人员说，他们发现了很多原因。越来越多的男人和女人等待结婚的时间更长，他们使用节育设备和方法来预防或推迟怀孕。越来越多的妇女去上学或者在离家不远的地方工作，而不是生孩子。越来越多的政府，特别是发展中国家，现在支持计划生育计划以减少人口增长。

    中国是在减少人口增长方面取得重大进展的国家之一。自1970年以来，中国已经将人口增长率降低了大约一半。

    现在每个中国家庭都被要求最多生一个孩子。希望到2000年人口零增长，出生总数等于死亡总数。

    欧洲一些国家的出生人数已经少于死亡人数。专家说，这些国家未来可能面临严重的劳动力短缺。而那些正在工作的人可能面临更高的税收，以帮助支持越来越多的退休人员。

    1、世界人口可能达到。

    A、 75年60亿

    B、 2075年110亿

    C、 到本世纪末达到110亿美元

    D、 15年6亿

    2以下哪项是正确的？

    A、 世界的出生率比十年前高。

    B、 在过去的十年里人口增长缓慢。

    C、 家庭和以前一样大。

    D、 所有国家都实行节育。

    三。到2000年，中国的出生人数和死亡人数将。

    A、 大相径庭

    B、 掉了很多东西

    C、 平等

    D、 变得更大

    4；根据这篇文章，中国的人口控制。

    A、 不是很成功

    B、 应该算是大成功了

    C、 远没有成功

    D、 完全失败了

    5将来，在欧洲工作的人可能要付更高的税，因为。

    A、 会有越来越多的孩子出生

    B、 退休人员的数量将越来越多

    C、 孩子会越来越少

    D、 他们会赚很多钱

    1题：世界人口可能达到2075年110亿，文章第二行有显示

    2题：在过去的十年里人口增长缓慢，文章第四行有显示

    3题：到2000年，中国的出生人数和死亡人数将平等，文章倒数第三行有显示

    4题：根据这篇文章，中国的人口控制应该算是大成功了，人口没有急剧增长

    5题：将来，在欧洲工作的人可能要付更高的税，因为退休人员的数量将越来越多，文章倒数第一段有显示

  • 第4题：

    You need to replicate a table from a master to a slave. The master and slave copies of the table will have different number of columns.Which two conditions must be true?()

    A.Each extra column in the copy with more columns must not have a default value

    B.Columns that are common to both versions of the table must be defined in the same order on the master and the slave

    C.The slave database cannot have more columns than the master. Only the master database can have more columns

    D.Columns that are common to both versions of the table must come first in the table definition, before any additional columns are additional columns are defined on either server

    E.The master database cannot have more columns than the slave. Only the slave deatbase can have more columns


    参考答案：B, D

  • 第5题：

    ( ) more care, the flowers might have grown much better than now.

    A. Having given
    B. Giving
    C. To give
    D. Given

    答案：D
    解析：
    考查非谓语动词，主语是flowers，花与照料、打理逻辑上是被动关系，在选项中A、B是主动形式，C是不定式，只有D是被动的，故D选项正确。

  • 第6题：

    Frank plays（）Alex.

    Aa lot more better than

    Bmuch more better than

    Ca lot better than

    Dmuch more well than


    C
    略

  • 第7题：

    单选题
    One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that _____.
    A

    they have a wider range of interests

    B

    they are more reliant on the environment

    C

    they have an unusual power of focusing their attention

    D

    they are more interested in what’s happening around them


    正确答案： A
    解析：
    细节题。第三段末说，妇女比男人的记忆力要好一些，原因是妇女对环境给予更多的注意，这与D项“她们对事情发生的环境更感兴趣”属同义转述。

  • 第8题：

    多选题
    You need to replicate a table from a master to a slave. The master and slave copies of the table will have different number of columns. Which two conditions must be true?（）
    A

    Each extra column in the copy with more columns must not have a default value

    B

    Columns that are common to both versions of the table must be defined in the same order on the master and the slave

    C

    The slave database cannot have more columns than the master. Only the master database can have more columns

    D

    Columns that are common to both versions of the table must come first in the table definition, before any additional columns are additional columns are defined on either server

    E

    The master database cannot have more columns than the slave. Only the slave deatbase can have more columns


    正确答案： B,C
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第9题：

    单选题
    The harmful effects that excessive drinking can have on the liver is increasingly well publicized.
    A

    is increasingly well publicized

    B

    are increasing in better publicity

    C

    are increasingly well publicized

    D

    is more and more well publicized

    E

    has increased in better publicity


    正确答案： D
    解析：
    谓语动词在本句中描述的主语effects是复数，因此谓语动词应为单数形式。

  • 第10题：

    问答题
    Resource efficiency means reducing the environmental impact of the consumption and production of goods and services. The doing more with less slogan indicates the focus on more outputs with fewer impacts. Efficiency gains do not guarantee that the overall outcome stays within the ecological carrying capacity of the Earth. Influencing the demand side is therefore another prerequisite for sustainable development.It is indeed timely to recognize that the world cannot achieve sustainable, economic growth with old fashioned consumption and production patterns. Companies will have to accelerate the trends of polluting less and of designing, producing and marketing better products and services. Consumers have to get used to the fact that environmental concerns are as important in their daily choices as considerations of price, convenience and quality. And governments and civil society have a key role to play in inspiring such a process.

    正确答案：
    资源增效指的是减少商品和服务生产过程及消费过程对环境产生的影响。“用更少创造更多”这一口号表明其重心在于用较少的影响来创造更多的产出。生产效率的提高并不能保证整体结果能维持在地球的生态承受力范围之内。因此,对需求方的影响成为了可持续发展的另一先决条件。
    我们现在确实迫切需要意识到传统的消费生产模式是无法实现经济的可持续发展的。公司需要加快减污减排的脚步,敦促自身去设计、生产和经营更好的产品和服务。消费者也要接受这一事实——在日常购物时,对环境的影响、商品价格、便利度和产品品质都应被纳入考虑范围内,作为进行选择的参考条件。此外,政府和民间团体也需在推进上述进程中发挥关键性作用。
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第11题：

    单选题
    When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner _____.
    A

    can give the dog more rewards

    B

    will enjoy a better family life

    C

    can give the dog more freedom

    D

    will have more confidence in himself


    正确答案： A
    解析：
    细节题。文章末句说，训练有素的狗更确信可以比没受过训练的狗获得更多的自由。这与C项完全一致，属同义重述的细节客观题。

  • 第12题：

    单选题
    What advantage does Room 402 have over auditorium 2?
    A

    It can seat more people.

    B

    It has better technology.

    C

    Its seats are more comfortable.

    D

    It was recently refurbished.


    正确答案： C
    解析：
    根据第2段第1句可知Room 402和 auditorium 3的视听设施水平相当，而第2段倒数第2句指出auditorium 2的电子设备比auditorium 3陈旧。由此可知Room 402的设施比auditorium 2的设施好，故选B。

  • 第13题：

    What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?

    A. The more goods the better.

    B. The more "luxury" items the better.

    C. The more mental satisfaction the better.

    D. The more earnings the better.


    正确答案：C
         42．第三段和第四段。这里说前三个需求是物质上的(physical)，而第四个等级的需求是精神上的(mental)。选项 C是正确的。

  • 第14题：

    — You’d better have more physical exercise.— _______

    A.I’d like that, but I can’t afford the time.

    B.That’s good.

    C.Really.

    D.Yes, I would.


    参考答案：A

  • 第15题：

    The 10-cm radar as compared to a 3-cm radar of similar specifications will ______.

    A.be more suitable for river and harbor navigation

    B.provide better range performance on low lying targets during good weather and calm seas

    C.have a wider horizontal beam width

    D.have more sea return during rough sea conditions


    正确答案：C
    10cm雷达类似规格的3m雷达作比较有更宽的水平波束宽度。

  • 第16题：

    I understand ____ preparation that staff must put in under pressure to meet the deadline.

    A.more than the enormous amount of
    B.better than most the enormous number of
    C.better than most the enormous amount of
    D.fewer than the number of

    答案：C
    解析：
    本题考查固定句式

    C选项，句意：我比多数人更能理解员工们在最后期限的压力下所做的大量准备工作。understand better than...意为“对…非常理解”。preparation是不可数名词，须用amount修饰，故选C项。

    A，选项，understand better than...意为“对…非常理解”为固定搭配，故排除。

    B，选项，preparation是不可数名词，须用amount修饰，故排除。

    D，选项，preparation是不可数名词，须用amount修饰，故排除。

    故正确答案为C选项。

  • 第17题：

    It is true that CEO pay has gone up-top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average,and since the mid-1970s CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has,by varying estimates,gone up by about 500%The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about S18.9 million a year.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly.The efforts of America's highest-earning 1%have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy.It's not popular to say,but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U.S.economy.Today's CEO,at least for major American firms,must have many mere skills than simply being able to“run the company"CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them.They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors,as the costs of even a minor slipup can be significant.Then there's the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before,with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries.To lead in that system requires knowledge that is farly mind-boggling plus,virtually all major American companies are beyond this major CEOs still have to do all the day-to-day work they have always done.The common idea that high CEO pay is mainly about ripping people off doesn't explain history very well.By most measures,corporate governmance has become a lot tighter and more rigorous since the 1970s.Yet it is principally during this period of stronger govemnance that CEO pay has been high and rising.That suggests it is in the broader corporate interest to recruit top candidates for increasingly tough jobs.”Furthermore,the highest CEO salaries are paid to outside candidates,not to the cozy insider picks,another sign that high CEO pay is not some kind of depredation at the expense of the rest of the company.And the stock market reacts positively when companies tie CEO pay to,say,stock prices,a sign that those practices build up corporate value not just for the CEO.Which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?

    A.The growth in the number of corporations
    B.The general pay rise with a better economy
    C.Increased business opportunities for top firms
    D.Close cooperation among leading economies

    答案：C
    解析：
    本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词CEO pay rise及题干中对CEO薪酬增加原因的提问，定位到第二段首句The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly.了解CEO薪酬增长的最佳模式是，CEO人才在一个顶级公司的商业机会迅速增长的世界里是有限的。正确答案C Increased business opportunities for top firms增加顶级公司商业机会的增加。干扰项A的The growth in the number of corporations公司数量的增长，文中并不是说公司数量而是商业机会，属于偷换概念。选项B的The general pay rise with a better economy好转的经济带来的普遍加薪，文中并未提到better economy，属于无中生有。选项D的Close cooperation among leading economies主要经济体之间的密切合作，文中也并未提到经济体之间的何做，属于无中生有。

  • 第18题：

    Frank plays（）Alex.

    • A、a lot more better than
    • B、much more better than
    • C、a lot better than
    • D、much more well than

    正确答案:C

  • 第19题：

    单选题
    According to the passage, what would happen to healthy cells within 48 hours of exposure to radio waves?
    A

    The number of healthy cells will keep declining as more and more of them die.

    B

    The number of healthy cells will initially drop before recovering rapidly.

    C

    The number of healthy cells will be on steady increase throughout the process.

    D

    The scientists have not yet arrived at any conclusion on this issue.


    正确答案： B
    解析：
    事实细节的找寻和判断。根据上题解析可知，暴露在无线电波之下24小时，被杀死的白血病细胞比正常细胞数量多出20%。但录音中同时指出“longer exposure to the radio waves triggered genes in the surviving cancer cells to divide aggressively”，可知若接受超过24小时（48小时）的连续辐射后，残余癌细胞中的基因会大量繁殖。但对于健康细胞的影响，有关科学家表示“We don’t know what the effects would be on healthy human cells”，由此可知，选项D与录音原文相符。

  • 第20题：

    单选题
    Frank plays（）Alex.
    A

    a lot more better than

    B

    much more better than

    C

    a lot better than

    D

    much more well than


    正确答案： A
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第21题：

    单选题
    What does his/her feedback focus on if a teacher's comment is "John, it would be much better if you have given more details!"?
    A

    Content.

    B

    Language.

    C

    Attitude.

    D

    Aptitude.


    正确答案： C
    解析：

  • 第22题：

    单选题
    Generally speaking, men play ball games much better than women because ______.
    A

    men play ball games more often than women

    B

    men love ball games more than women do

    C

    men’s hand and eye movements are quicker in response

    D

    men have a smaller number of nerves in their brains than women


    正确答案： D
    解析：
    录音中提到“Boys also are generally faster in response than girls of hand and eye movements in ball games”，意思是：通常情况下，男孩子在球类运动中手眼运动反应比女孩子快，所以选项C的表述符合原文意思。

  • 第23题：

    问答题
    The results have been encouraging: more sleep, increased attendance, better grades and fewer driving accidents.

    正确答案：
    解析：

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