单选题The present growing interest in, sign language was stimulated by _____.A a leading specialist in the study of liberal artsB an English teacher in a university for the deafC some senior experts in American sign languageD a famous scholar in the human br

题目
单选题
The present growing interest in, sign language was stimulated by _____.
A

a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts

B

an English teacher in a university for the deaf

C

some senior experts in American sign language

D

a famous scholar in the human brain

相似考题

1.Some language experts think foreign expressions () English.A、woundedB、corruptedC、injuredD、hurt

2.That a Japanese child adopted at birth by an American couple will grow up speaking English indicates ＿ of human language. A. duality B. cultural transmission C. arbitrariness D. cognitive creativity

3.“The Heart of the Matter,”the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences（AAAS）,deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America.Regrettably,however,the report’s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In 2010,leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by“federal,state and local governments,universities,foundations,educators,individual benefactors and others”to“maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education.”In response,the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences.Among the commission’s 51 members are top-tier-university presidents,scholars,lawyers,judges,and business executives,as well as prominent figures from diplomacy,filmmaking,music and journalism.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable.Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry,the report supports full literacy;stresses the study of history and government,particularly American history and American government;and encourages the use of new digital technologies.To encourage innovation and competition,the report calls for increased investment in research,the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students’ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century,increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day.The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages,international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.Unfortunately,despite 2?years in the making,"The Heart of the Matter"never gets to the heart of the matter:the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities.The commission ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don’t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits.Sadly,the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing“progressive,”or left-liberal propaganda.Today,professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets and self-reliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine,and sometimes legitimate,intellectual investigation.The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education.Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate. Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how toA.retain people’s interest in liberal education B.define the government’s role in education C.keep a leading position in liberal education D.safeguard individuals’rights to education

4.You should spend no more than 40 minutes on this task. As part of a class assignment you have to write about the following topic. Millions of people every year move to English-speaking countries such as Australia , Britain or America , in order to study at school, college or university. Why do so many people want to study in English ? Why is English such an important international language? Give reasons for your answer. You should write at least 250 words.

更多“单选题The present growing interest in, sign language was stimulated by _____.A a leading specialist in the study of liberal artsB an English teacher in a university for the deafC some senior experts in American sign languageD a famous scholar in the human br”相关问题

  • 第1题：

    共用题干
    Washoe Learned American Sign Language

    1.An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community arid around the world for her ability to use American sign language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.
    2.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas.She also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?"Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole direction of primate research changed.
    3. However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes.Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.
    4.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.
    5.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication.Yet,one thing is sure一Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

    The experimenters thought Washoe was intelligent_________.
    A:if the Gardeners' argument was sound
    B:because she was cleverer than other chimps
    C:when she wanted to eat
    D:while she was at a research center in Ellensburg
    E:because she could use sign language to ask for fruits
    F: while Washoe was learning sign language

    答案：E
    解析：
    文章第一段主要讲述的是Washoe死亡这件事以及对Washoe概括性的介绍，因此答案应当选择选项C。
    第二段主要介绍了当年Washoe学习手语的进展情况及惊人的成果，因此选项B的概括最准确。
    第三段主要讲的是一些批评家对Washoe语言能力的质疑，以及Gardner 夫妇的学生对此的反驳，因此选项E“对大猩猩智慧的争论”最符合要求。
    第四段只有三句话，主要讲很少人继续从事这项研究的原因是耗时太久，因而选项A总结的最正确。
    文章第二段中间提到当Washoe想吃东西的时候就会做手势，因此选择C项。
    文章第三段其他研究者对Gardner夫妇的看法提出了质疑，认为Washoe 并不能真正掌握语言，只是凭借记忆学习手语。因此选项A是正确的。
    第三段提到Washoe被带到了Ellensburg，在那里它甚至教会了其他三只黑猩猩手语，因此选项D是正确的。
    文章第一段和第二段告诉我们Washoe掌握了大量的词汇并能用手语同人交流，它是第一个能了解人类语言的非人类，因此人们自然会认为它很聪明。选项E是正确的。

  • 第2题：

    共用题干
    Washoe Learned American Sign Language

    1.An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community arid around the world for her ability to use American sign language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.
    2.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas.She also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?"Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole direction of primate research changed.
    3. However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes.Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.
    4.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.
    5.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication.Yet,one thing is sure一Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

    Some scientists doubted________.
    A:if the Gardeners' argument was sound
    B:because she was cleverer than other chimps
    C:when she wanted to eat
    D:while she was at a research center in Ellensburg
    E:because she could use sign language to ask for fruits
    F: while Washoe was learning sign language

    答案：A
    解析：
    文章第一段主要讲述的是Washoe死亡这件事以及对Washoe概括性的介绍，因此答案应当选择选项C。
    第二段主要介绍了当年Washoe学习手语的进展情况及惊人的成果，因此选项B的概括最准确。
    第三段主要讲的是一些批评家对Washoe语言能力的质疑，以及Gardner 夫妇的学生对此的反驳，因此选项E“对大猩猩智慧的争论”最符合要求。
    第四段只有三句话，主要讲很少人继续从事这项研究的原因是耗时太久，因而选项A总结的最正确。
    文章第二段中间提到当Washoe想吃东西的时候就会做手势，因此选择C项。
    文章第三段其他研究者对Gardner夫妇的看法提出了质疑，认为Washoe 并不能真正掌握语言，只是凭借记忆学习手语。因此选项A是正确的。
    第三段提到Washoe被带到了Ellensburg，在那里它甚至教会了其他三只黑猩猩手语，因此选项D是正确的。
    文章第一段和第二段告诉我们Washoe掌握了大量的词汇并能用手语同人交流，它是第一个能了解人类语言的非人类，因此人们自然会认为它很聪明。选项E是正确的。

  • 第3题：

    共用题干
    Some Things We Know About Language
    Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
    First , we know that all human beings have a language of some sort.There is no race（种族）of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another.Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language. Second,there is no such thing as a primitive（原始的）language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive.In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense.There are,or were, hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
    A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate.That is,each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language. Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical features change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly.Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.

    The author has used American Indian language to illustrate______.
    A:it hasn't been well understood that there is no primitive language
    B:the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises
    C:English and Greek are less primitive than American Indian languages
    D:hundreds of American Indian languages are easy and young

    答案：A
    解析：
    根据第二段第一句中的“First"，第三段第一句中的“second，第五段第一句中的“Athird thing"，以及第六段第一句中“Finally”可知，作者主要从四个方面来淦释语言的特征。
    根据第三段最后一句可知，所有已知的语言无不经过了数万年的充分发展。
    第四段第一句中的“This”指的就是第三段所诊释的内容，再结合第三段第一句" Second , there is no such thing as a primitive language.”可知，A项正确。
    由第五段可知，A、B两项表述正确。根据第四段最后一句可知，作者认为不同的语言没有发展水平上的差别，美国的印第安语和英语一样复杂，故C项表述正确，D项表述不正确。
    根据第六段最后一句可知，词汇是所有语言中最不稳定的部分，即它最容易发生变化。

  • 第4题：

    共用题干
    Washoe Learned American Sign Language
    An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the A-merican state of Washington.Washoe, had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language .Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to under-stand language.
    Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardeners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and ba-nanas .She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this nev and exciting area of research .The whole direction of primate research changed.
    However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watc-hing her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gar-deners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington. There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.
    Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying lan-guage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.
    Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

    The Gardeners' experiment with Washoe was criticized because______.
    A: just ask some simple questions
    B: only copy teachers' sign language
    C: only memorize about 250 words
    D: just repeat short sentences

    答案：B
    解析：
    根据第二段的“…many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed.”可知，这个试验影响了对灵长目动物的研究。故本题选D。


    段落主旨题。仔细阅读本段发现，这是对Washoe学习手语进展的报道。故选A。


    根据第三段的“However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.”可知，批评家们认为，Washoe只是重复老师教给她的手语，并没有发展真正的语言技能。故本题选B。


    由第一段的“She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.”可知， B正确。由第三段“There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees...”知，是Washoe教三个年轻黑程猩手语的，A错误；根据第一段第二句可知，Washoe出生于非洲，死于美国华盛顿，C错误；根据倒数第二段的“Today,there are not as many sci-entists studying language skills with chimps.”可知，D项错误。故本题选B。


    根据最后一段第一句可知，科学家们对于黑猩猩理解人类语言仍有争议，因此黑猩猩能否学习人类语言仍然没有答案。因此选A。

  • 第5题：

    共用题干
    Washoe Learned American Sign Language
    An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the A-merican state of Washington.Washoe, had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language .Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to under-stand language.
    Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardeners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and ba-nanas .She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this nev and exciting area of research .The whole direction of primate research changed.
    However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watc-hing her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gar-deners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington. There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.
    Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying lan-guage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.
    Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

    The Gardeners' experiment with Washoe______.
    A: began in 1969
    B: won a big prize
    C: lasted three years
    D: influenced primate research

    答案：D
    解析：
    根据第二段的“…many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed.”可知，这个试验影响了对灵长目动物的研究。故本题选D。


    段落主旨题。仔细阅读本段发现，这是对Washoe学习手语进展的报道。故选A。


    根据第三段的“However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.”可知，批评家们认为，Washoe只是重复老师教给她的手语，并没有发展真正的语言技能。故本题选B。


    由第一段的“She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.”可知， B正确。由第三段“There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees...”知，是Washoe教三个年轻黑程猩手语的，A错误；根据第一段第二句可知，Washoe出生于非洲，死于美国华盛顿，C错误；根据倒数第二段的“Today,there are not as many sci-entists studying language skills with chimps.”可知，D项错误。故本题选B。


    根据最后一段第一句可知，科学家们对于黑猩猩理解人类语言仍有争议，因此黑猩猩能否学习人类语言仍然没有答案。因此选A。

  • 第6题：

    共用题干
    Washoe Learned American Sign Language
    An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the A-merican state of Washington.Washoe, had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language .Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to under-stand language.
    Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardeners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and ba-nanas .She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this nev and exciting area of research .The whole direction of primate research changed.
    However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watc-hing her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gar-deners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington. There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.
    Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying lan-guage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.
    Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

    The second paragraph mainly discusses______.
    A: a report about Washoe's progress in learning sign language
    B:the whole direction of primate research
    C: new primate researches conducted by many language scientists
    D: an experiment with Washoe at a research center in Africa

    答案：A
    解析：
    根据第二段的“…many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed.”可知，这个试验影响了对灵长目动物的研究。故本题选D。


    段落主旨题。仔细阅读本段发现，这是对Washoe学习手语进展的报道。故选A。


    根据第三段的“However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.”可知，批评家们认为，Washoe只是重复老师教给她的手语，并没有发展真正的语言技能。故本题选B。


    由第一段的“She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.”可知， B正确。由第三段“There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees...”知，是Washoe教三个年轻黑程猩手语的，A错误；根据第一段第二句可知，Washoe出生于非洲，死于美国华盛顿，C错误；根据倒数第二段的“Today,there are not as many sci-entists studying language skills with chimps.”可知，D项错误。故本题选B。


    根据最后一段第一句可知，科学家们对于黑猩猩理解人类语言仍有争议，因此黑猩猩能否学习人类语言仍然没有答案。因此选A。

  • 第7题：

    It is widely accepted that English is the global language of modern times.
    About three decades ago,French was recognized as the language of diplomacy（外交）,and German was considered the language of science and technology.English now dominates（主导）not only as the language of science but also diplomacy,computing,and tourism.Today,in terms of native speakers,Mandarin Chinese is the world′s
    largest language.
    Yet there are people who believe that China will become the most powerful country in the world.Some have?even fixed the date as early as the year 2020.At present,while English is more widely spoken than any other?language,there are more people who speak Chinese than English due to the large population in China alone.If China?does become a world power,there is no doubt that this language will spread worldwide.
    As the controversy over which language will become dominant in the world continues,there are many who feel?that the dominance of English is unique and irreversible（不可逆的）.However,a separate study from David Graddol′s suggests that English′s dominance in the scientific area will continue.There is also an argument that the?English language would be changed greatly by 2020 for various reasons.With the possibility of China rising as a?world power,Mandarin could definitely challenge the dominance of English as a global language.

    Which language has the largest population of native speakers?

    A.Chinese.
    B.English.
    C.German.
    D.French.

    答案：A
    解析：

  • 第8题：

    Linguistics is the study of language as a system of human （）.
    communication
    略

  • 第9题：

    The famous quotation from Shakespeare’s play “Romeo and Juliet”: “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet” well illustrates（）.

    • A、the conventional nature of language
    • B、the creative nature of language
    • C、the universality of language
    • D、the big difference between human language and animal communication

    正确答案:A

  • 第10题：

    单选题
    Adam’s dog, a golden retriever named Hans, can respond to over 150 different commands. Adam cites this fact as evidence for his claim that Hans can understand the English language.　 Which of the following, if true, casts the most doubt on Adam’s claim that Hans can understand the English language?
    A

    Each of the 150 commands to which Hans responds involves both a spoken word in English and a distinctive hand sign.

    B

    Hans does not respond to the same commands when spoken to him by Adam’s French and Italian friends in their own languages.

    C

    Scientists have demonstrated conclusively that canine vocal chords are incapable of replicating many of the sounds used in the English language.

    D

    Animal behaviorists have demonstrated that even very young dogs surpass both wolves and chimpanzees—animals that are thought to be more intelligent than dogs—in the ability to understand human nonverbal communication.

    E

    The golden retriever is widely considered to be less intelligent than the border collie, and no border collie has ever been shown to truly understand the English language.


    正确答案： A
    解析：
    A项揭示Hans可以理解150种不同的指令是因为狗可能对不同的手势有反应，这为狗的行为提供了另一种不同的解释，所以A项是正确的。

  • 第11题：

    填空题
    Linguistics is the study of language as a system of human （）.

    正确答案： communication
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第12题：

    单选题
    The study of sign language is thought to be _____.
    A

    an approach to simplify the grammatical structure of language

    B

    an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language

    C

    a challenge m traditional views on the nature of language

    D

    a new way to take at the learning of language


    正确答案： B
    解析：
    细节推论题。问题是“手势语的研究被认为是一种什么样的事情？”。A项“一种简化语法结构的方法”未在文中提及，故A排除。B项“试图澄清对语言起源的误解”与文意不符。C项“对语言本质的传统观点的一种挑战”与文章主题相符，故C为答案。D项“对语言学习所采取的一种新的方法”不准确，应排除。

  • 第13题：

    共用题干
    Washoe Learned American Sign Language

    1.An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community arid around the world for her ability to use American sign language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.
    2.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas.She also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?"Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole direction of primate research changed.
    3. However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes.Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.
    4.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.
    5.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication.Yet,one thing is sure一Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

    Paragraph 2________
    A:Reason Why Not Many Scientists Carry out This Research Nowadays.
    B:Report about Washoe's Progress in Learning Sign Language.
    C:General Information about Washoe.
    D:The Gardeners' Contributions Recognized.
    E:Debate on Chimps' Intelligence.
    F: Washoe's Love for Three Young Chimps.

    答案：B
    解析：
    文章第一段主要讲述的是Washoe死亡这件事以及对Washoe概括性的介绍，因此答案应当选择选项C。
    第二段主要介绍了当年Washoe学习手语的进展情况及惊人的成果，因此选项B的概括最准确。
    第三段主要讲的是一些批评家对Washoe语言能力的质疑，以及Gardner 夫妇的学生对此的反驳，因此选项E“对大猩猩智慧的争论”最符合要求。
    第四段只有三句话，主要讲很少人继续从事这项研究的原因是耗时太久，因而选项A总结的最正确。
    文章第二段中间提到当Washoe想吃东西的时候就会做手势，因此选择C项。
    文章第三段其他研究者对Gardner夫妇的看法提出了质疑，认为Washoe 并不能真正掌握语言，只是凭借记忆学习手语。因此选项A是正确的。
    第三段提到Washoe被带到了Ellensburg，在那里它甚至教会了其他三只黑猩猩手语，因此选项D是正确的。
    文章第一段和第二段告诉我们Washoe掌握了大量的词汇并能用手语同人交流，它是第一个能了解人类语言的非人类，因此人们自然会认为它很聪明。选项E是正确的。

  • 第14题：

    共用题干
    Washoe Learned American Sign Language

    1.An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington.Washoe had become known in the scientific community arid around the world for her ability to use American sign language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.
    2.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report.The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words.For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas.She also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?"Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research.The whole direction of primate research changed.
    3. However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes.Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners.He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington.There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.
    4.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information about the mental workings of chimpanzees.Today,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps.Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.
    5.Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication.Yet,one thing is sure一Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

    Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language_______.
    A:if the Gardeners' argument was sound
    B:because she was cleverer than other chimps
    C:when she wanted to eat
    D:while she was at a research center in Ellensburg
    E:because she could use sign language to ask for fruits
    F: while Washoe was learning sign language

    答案：D
    解析：
    文章第一段主要讲述的是Washoe死亡这件事以及对Washoe概括性的介绍，因此答案应当选择选项C。
    第二段主要介绍了当年Washoe学习手语的进展情况及惊人的成果，因此选项B的概括最准确。
    第三段主要讲的是一些批评家对Washoe语言能力的质疑，以及Gardner 夫妇的学生对此的反驳，因此选项E“对大猩猩智慧的争论”最符合要求。
    第四段只有三句话，主要讲很少人继续从事这项研究的原因是耗时太久，因而选项A总结的最正确。
    文章第二段中间提到当Washoe想吃东西的时候就会做手势，因此选择C项。
    文章第三段其他研究者对Gardner夫妇的看法提出了质疑，认为Washoe 并不能真正掌握语言，只是凭借记忆学习手语。因此选项A是正确的。
    第三段提到Washoe被带到了Ellensburg，在那里它甚至教会了其他三只黑猩猩手语，因此选项D是正确的。
    文章第一段和第二段告诉我们Washoe掌握了大量的词汇并能用手语同人交流，它是第一个能了解人类语言的非人类，因此人们自然会认为它很聪明。选项E是正确的。

  • 第15题：

    共用题干
    Washoe Learned American Sign Language
    An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the A-merican state of Washington.Washoe, had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language .Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to under-stand language.
    Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardeners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and ba-nanas .She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this nev and exciting area of research .The whole direction of primate research changed.
    However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watc-hing her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gar-deners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington. There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.
    Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying lan-guage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.
    Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

    We can draw a conclusion from the last paragraph that______.
    A: whether chimps can learn a human language remains unanswerable
    B: primate have the ability to speak a language
    C: animals cannot learn a human sign
    D: Washoe is as intelligent as humans

    答案：A
    解析：
    根据第二段的“…many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed.”可知，这个试验影响了对灵长目动物的研究。故本题选D。


    段落主旨题。仔细阅读本段发现，这是对Washoe学习手语进展的报道。故选A。


    根据第三段的“However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.”可知，批评家们认为，Washoe只是重复老师教给她的手语，并没有发展真正的语言技能。故本题选B。


    由第一段的“She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.”可知， B正确。由第三段“There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees...”知，是Washoe教三个年轻黑程猩手语的，A错误；根据第一段第二句可知，Washoe出生于非洲，死于美国华盛顿，C错误；根据倒数第二段的“Today,there are not as many sci-entists studying language skills with chimps.”可知，D项错误。故本题选B。


    根据最后一段第一句可知，科学家们对于黑猩猩理解人类语言仍有争议，因此黑猩猩能否学习人类语言仍然没有答案。因此选A。

  • 第16题：

    共用题干
    Some Things We Know About Language
    Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
    First,we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language.
    Second,there is no such thing as a primitive language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive .In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.
    This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.
    Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense .There are,or were,hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
    A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
    Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time.Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical teatures change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rap-idly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.

    In the second paragraph the passage tells us that______.
    A: some backward race doesn't have a language of its own
    B: some race in history didn't possess a language of its own
    C: any human race,whether backward or not,has a language
    D: some races on earth can communicate without language

    答案：C
    解析：
    作者在第二段中认为，任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。文中的原句是：There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language…


    此题的答案来自第三段。


    作者列举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。原句是：They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.


    根据第五段“That is,each one… who speak the language.”可知，B项正确。


    词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。文中的原句是：Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.

  • 第17题：

    共用题干
    Washoe Learned American Sign Language
    An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the A-merican state of Washington.Washoe, had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language.She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language .Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to under-stand language.
    Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969,the Gardeners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and ba-nanas .She also asked questions like,“Who is coming to play?”Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this nev and exciting area of research .The whole direction of primate research changed.
    However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watc-hing her teachers.They said she had never developed true language skills.Even now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree.Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gar-deners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,Washington. There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.
    Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today,there are not as many scientists studying lan-guage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.
    Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.

    According to the passage,which of the following is true?
    A: Roger Fouts taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees.
    B: Washoe was the first chimp to use American Sign Language.
    C: A chimpanzee died of natural causes in Africa at a research center.
    D: Nowadays there are still lots of scientists experimenting with chimpanzees.

    答案：B
    解析：
    根据第二段的“…many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed.”可知，这个试验影响了对灵长目动物的研究。故本题选D。


    段落主旨题。仔细阅读本段发现，这是对Washoe学习手语进展的报道。故选A。


    根据第三段的“However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers.”可知，批评家们认为，Washoe只是重复老师教给她的手语，并没有发展真正的语言技能。故本题选B。


    由第一段的“She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language.”可知， B正确。由第三段“There,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees...”知，是Washoe教三个年轻黑程猩手语的，A错误；根据第一段第二句可知，Washoe出生于非洲，死于美国华盛顿，C错误；根据倒数第二段的“Today,there are not as many sci-entists studying language skills with chimps.”可知，D项错误。故本题选B。


    根据最后一段第一句可知，科学家们对于黑猩猩理解人类语言仍有争议，因此黑猩猩能否学习人类语言仍然没有答案。因此选A。

  • 第18题：

    It is widely accepted that English is the global language of modern times.
    About three decades ago,French was recognized as the language of diplomacy（外交）,and German was considered the language of science and technology.English now dominates（主导）not only as the language of science but also diplomacy,computing,and tourism.Today,in terms of native speakers,Mandarin Chinese is the world′s
    largest language.
    Yet there are people who believe that China will become the most powerful country in the world.Some have?even fixed the date as early as the year 2020.At present,while English is more widely spoken than any other?language,there are more people who speak Chinese than English due to the large population in China alone.If China?does become a world power,there is no doubt that this language will spread worldwide.
    As the controversy over which language will become dominant in the world continues,there are many who feel?that the dominance of English is unique and irreversible（不可逆的）.However,a separate study from David Graddol′s suggests that English′s dominance in the scientific area will continue.There is also an argument that the?English language would be changed greatly by 2020 for various reasons.With the possibility of China rising as a?world power,Mandarin could definitely challenge the dominance of English as a global language.

    Which language is now considered as the language of diplomacy?

    A.French.
    B.Chinese.
    C.German.
    D.English.

    答案：D
    解析：

  • 第19题：

    It is widely accepted that English is the global language of modern times.
    About three decades ago,French was recognized as the language of diplomacy（外交）,and German was considered the language of science and technology.English now dominates（主导）not only as the language of science but also diplomacy,computing,and tourism.Today,in terms of native speakers,Mandarin Chinese is the world′s
    largest language.
    Yet there are people who believe that China will become the most powerful country in the world.Some have?even fixed the date as early as the year 2020.At present,while English is more widely spoken than any other?language,there are more people who speak Chinese than English due to the large population in China alone.If China?does become a world power,there is no doubt that this language will spread worldwide.
    As the controversy over which language will become dominant in the world continues,there are many who feel?that the dominance of English is unique and irreversible（不可逆的）.However,a separate study from David Graddol′s suggests that English′s dominance in the scientific area will continue.There is also an argument that the?English language would be changed greatly by 2020 for various reasons.With the possibility of China rising as a?world power,Mandarin could definitely challenge the dominance of English as a global language.

    The author says that Chinese is expected to spread worldwide if__________.

    A.China becomes a real world power
    B.China has a larger population
    C.China has the modern technology
    D.more tourists come to China

    答案：A
    解析：

  • 第20题：

    Whcih of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language acquisition （）.

    • A、Language acquisition is a process of habit formatio
    • B、Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beings
    • C、Children are born with an innate ability to acquire language
    • D、Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language use

    正确答案:A

  • 第21题：

    Nowadays the Gaelic language,which is an ancient（）,is still heard inthe Highlands and the Western Isles.

    • A、Scottish language
    • B、English language
    • C、Irish language
    • D、Celtic language

    正确答案:D

  • 第22题：

    单选题
    The present growing interest in, sign language was stimulated by _____.
    A

    a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts

    B

    an English teacher in a university for the deaf

    C

    some senior experts in American sign language

    D

    a famous scholar in the human brain


    正确答案： B
    解析：
    细节题。根据文章第一段第四句，手势语研究的兴趣源于华盛顿特区加劳德大学一位教聋哑学生英语的教师司托克的研究，这与B项属同义重述，故B为答案。其余项均未在文中涉及。

  • 第23题：

    单选题
    Unlike animal communication systems, human language is_______.
    A

    stimulus free

    B

    stimulus bound

    C

    under immediate stimulus control

    D

    stimulated by some occurrence of communal interest


    正确答案： C
    解析：

  • 第24题：

    单选题
    According to Stoke, sign language is _____.
    A

    an international language

    B

    an artificial language

    C

    a substandard language

    D

    a genuine language


    正确答案： D
    解析：
    细节题。文章第三段第三句指出司托克推测聋哑人的手势语言可能是一种真正的语言，这是一种与世界上任何语言都不同的语言。文章第四段第四句又提到司托克认为手势语是跟英语、法语、日语一样的自然语言，这与D项相吻合，故答案为D。

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