That a Japanese child adopted at birth by an American couple will grow up speaking English indicates ＿ of human language. A. duality B. cultural transmission C. arbitrariness D. cognitive creativity
题目
That a Japanese child adopted at birth by an American couple will grow up speaking English indicates ＿ of human language.
A. duality
B. cultural transmission
C. arbitrariness
D. cognitive creativity
B. cultural transmission
C. arbitrariness
D. cognitive creativity
相似考题
参考答案和解析
答案：B
解析：
考查语言的本质特征。duality“二重性”：指语言的等级性，包括形位和音位；cultural transmission“文化传递性”：指语言要通过教学和学习才能获得；arbitrariness“任意性”：语言符号的形式与表示意义没有天然联系，语言音和义之间的任意性；cognitive creativity“认知创造性”。题干“日本小孩出生时被美国夫妇收养，长大后说英文”正是体现了语言的文化传递性。所以正确答案为B。
更多“That a Japanese child adopted at birth by an American couple will grow up speaking English indicates ＿ of human language. ”相关问题
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第1题：
Syntactically, Japanese is an isolating language.()
参考答案：错误
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第2题：
What is the most important to the mother is to make her child grow up happily.A.Right.
B.Wrong.
参考答案：A
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第3题：
ABC Corp. has configured 11i Oracle Applications for the English language. It is now planningto commence operations in France and so wants the same instance to be available in French aswell. It can accomplish this task by using （）.
A.Oracle Configurator
B.Oracle General Ledger
C.Application Object Library
D.Oracle Human Resources
参考答案：C
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第4题：
共用题干
That scientists have cloned a sheep sends academics and the public into a panic at the prospect that humans might be next. That's an understandable reaction.(46)___________,so it's not unreasonable to be concerned that it might threaten human society and dignity.Yet much of the ethical oppo-- sition seems also to grow out of an unthinking disgust. And that makes it hard for even trained scientists and ethicists to see the matter clearly.While human cloning might not offer great benefits to humarnty,no one has yet made a persuasive case that it would do any real harm,either.
(47)_______That would surely be true if a cloned individual were treated as a lesser being, with fewer rights or lower stature.But why suppose that cloned persons wouldn't share the same rights and dignity as the rest of us?A leading ethicist has suggested that cloning would violate the "right to genetic identity".(48)________It makes perfect sense to say that adult persons have a right not to be cloned without their voluntary,informed consent. But if such consent is given,whose "right"to genetic identity would be violated?
So who will likely take advantage of cloning?Perhaps a grieving couple whose child is dying. (49)________But a cloned child born to such dubious parents stands no greater or lesser chance of being loved,or rejected,or warped than a child normally conceived.Infertile couples are also likely to seek out cloning. That such couples have other options(in vitro fertilization or adoption)is not an argument for denying them the right to clone.Or consider an example raised by Judge Richard Posner:a couple in which the husband has some tragic genetic defect. Currently,if this couple wants a genetically related child,(50)________They can reproduce naturally and risk passing on the disease to the child.They can go to a sperm bank and take a chance on unknown genes.They can try in vitro fertilization and dispose of any afflicted embryo though that might be objectionable,too.Or they can get a male relative of the father to donate sperm,if such a relative exists.This is one case where even people unnerved by cloning might see it as not the worst option.
Even if human cloning offers no obvious benefits to humanity,why ban it?In a democratic society we don't usually pass laws outlawing something before there is actual or probable evidence of harm.Most important,human cloning should be governed by the same laws that now protect human rights.A world not safe for cloned humans would be a world not safe for the rest of us._______（49）
A:they have four not altogether pleasant options.
B:This might seem psychologically twisted.
C:Theologians contend that to clone a human would violate human dignity.
D:Parents might clone a child to have"spare parts"in case the original child needs an organ transplant.
E:Cloning is a radical challenge to the most fundamental laws of biology.
F: Where did he come up with such a right?答案：B解析：文章第一段主要描述了人们对于克隆的偏见。该空的后一句是说“担心克隆会威胁人类社会和尊严不无道理”，因此前一句应该是使得人们产生这种担心的理由，我们应当选择E项，即“克隆是对生物学最基本法则的极端挑战”。
文章第二段作者主要驳斥了“克隆侵犯了人们基因身份的权利”这一观点。与此相关的仅有选项C，即“神学家们坚持认为克隆人侵犯了人的尊严”。
该空与前一个空在一个段落里，前一句讲到一位重要的伦理家提出克隆会侵犯人们“拥有基因身份的权利”。与之相关的仅有选项F，即“这种权利是从哪里来的呢”。
本段作者举例证明了人们是可以从克隆中获益的，该空的前一句是说“一对伤心夫妇的孩子正奄奄一息”，只有选项B最符合题意。
该空后面提到了四种生育方法，包括自然生产、求助于精子库、试管婴儿及父亲一方的男性亲戚捐献精子。因此与此有关系的仅有选项A，即“他们有四种不太满意的选择”。 -
第5题：
Generally speaking the English southerners speak the type of English closer to（）.
Athe Cockney
Bthe Queen’s English
Cthe Gaelic
Dthe BBC English
D
略 -
第6题：
According to Krashen, there is only one way for human to acquire language. What is it?
By understanding meaningful messages or comprehensible input; the formula is i + 1.
略 -
第7题：
单选题According to the writer, English-speaking people need to be aware that ______.Asome foreigners have never met an English-speaking person.
Bmany foreigners have no desire to learn English.
Cforeign languages may pose a greater problem in the future.
DEnglish-speaking foreigners may have difficulty in understanding English.
正确答案： C解析：
解决这道题需要对文章内容有整体性的了解，通过通读原文可以看到最后一段的倒数第二句“Even in cases where foreign customers can speak English quite well, it is often forgotten that they may not be able to understand it to the required level-bearing in mind the regional and social variation which permeates speech and which can cause major problems of listening comprehension”，无论外国顾客多么熟练地使用英语，在英语理解方面还是会存在一些问题的。这与题干选项D的描述是一致的，因此，该题答案为D。 -
第8题：
单选题How can readers find out more about the new processes?ABy visiting the company’s main marketing web site
BBy speaking to the Human Resources manager
CBy reading the memo entitled “streamlining measures”
DBy looking up the employee notice page online
正确答案： D解析：
根据第3段第1句For details on the automated process and broader streamlining measures, visit our employee notice page under www.prolert.employees.com可知答案为D。 -
第9题：
单选题ABC Corp. has configured 11i Oracle Applications for the English language. It is now planningto commence operations in France and so wants the same instance to be available in French aswell. It can accomplish this task by using （）.AOracle Configurator
BOracle General Ledger
CApplication Object Library
DOracle Human Resources
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第10题：
单选题The American couple have_____a two-year-old child, who lost his parents in an earthquake.Aadjusted
Bafforded
Capproved
Dadopted
正确答案： D解析： -
第11题：
问答题when a human infant is born into any community in any part of theworld it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them 1．_______have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most 2．_______obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerfulcapacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing 3．_______the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from someother human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, achild is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in markedcontrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within 4．_______minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although younganimals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, 5．_______compared with the human infant they very quickly develop the capacity to fend for them. 6．_______ It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totallydependent on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all 7．_______other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,biologists now suggest that language be ‘species specific’ to the human race, 8．_______that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in 9．_______such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just 10．______as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in colour, and justas they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so theyare designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development aswell-formed human beings.正确答案：
1.在any和infant中间加other 在比较两者的异同时,要从比较对象中排除该物或该人。
2.have改为has 此处主语为neither,故谓语动词要用单数形式。
3.pay改为draw/call/attract/elicit pay attention to注意。此处要表达“吸引注意”的意思。
4.on改为to get to one’s feet起身,站起来。
5.in risk改为in danger或at risk 这里表达“在危险中,受到威胁”的意思,没有in risk这种搭配。
6.them改为themselves 这里需要的宾语和主语they都是指代上文的young animals,故要用反身代词。
7.去掉the others指“其他人(物)中的一部分”,the others则指“其他所有的人(物)”。
8.be改为is 这里suggest意为“提出,暗示”,不作“建议”讲,因此不用虚拟语气。
9.genetic改为genetically genetically用来修饰programmed,“副词+过去分词”相当于一个形容词。
10.在such和way中加入a 名词way为可数名词单数,前面要用不定冠词。解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
单选题Generally speaking the English southerners speak the type of English closer to（）.Athe Cockney
Bthe Queen’s English
Cthe Gaelic
Dthe BBC English
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
The father didn't have a good education and it was hard for him to _________ his child.A.feed
B.bring up
C.raise
D.grow up
参考答案：B
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第14题：
The couple is unable to have children of their own, but hope to________.A. adopt
B. born
C. barren
D. birth
参考答案：A
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第15题：
The ability in speaking English and understanding English is very important here. Have you learned English conversation?
正确答案：
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第16题：
( )is a typical tone language.A.French
B.Chinese
C.American English
D.English答案：B解析：考查语音学。汉语有四种音调，是典型的声调语言。 -
第17题：
The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in（）and vocabulary.
Ausage
Bgrammar
Cpronunciation
Dstructure
C
略 -
第18题：
Generally speaking the English southerners speak the type of English closer to（）.
- A、the Cockney
- B、the Queen’s English
- C、the Gaelic
- D、the BBC English
正确答案:D -
第19题：
单选题The present growing interest in, sign language was stimulated by _____.Aa leading specialist in the study of liberal arts
Ban English teacher in a university for the deaf
Csome senior experts in American sign language
Da famous scholar in the human brain
正确答案： B解析：
细节题。根据文章第一段第四句，手势语研究的兴趣源于华盛顿特区加劳德大学一位教聋哑学生英语的教师司托克的研究，这与B项属同义重述，故B为答案。其余项均未在文中涉及。 -
第20题：
单选题Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者) listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents. In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的) Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education. Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?（）AThey can do better in their future studies.
BThey can accumulate more group experience there.
CThey can be individually oriented when they grow up.
DThey can have better chances of getting a first-rate education
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析 -
第21题：
问答题When a human infant is born into any community in any part ofthe world it has two things in common with any infant, provided 1．______neither of them have been damaged in any way either before or 2．______during birth. Firstly, and most obviously, new born children arecompletely helpless. Apart from a powerful capacity to pay attention to 3．______their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing the new bornchild can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from someother human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or humangroup, a child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of humaninfants is in marked contrast with the capacity of many newborn animals to get on their feet within minutes of birth and run 4．______with the herd within a few hours. Although young animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for 5．______weeks or even months after birth, compared with the human infantthey very quickly develop the capacity to fend for them. 6．______It is during this very long period in which the human infant istotally dependent on the others that it reveals the second feature 7．______which it shares with all other undamaged human infants,a capacity to learn language. For this reason, biologists now suggest thatlanguage be ‘species specific’ to the human race, that is to say, they 8．______consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in 9．______such a way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that 10．______just as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color, and justas they are designed to stand upright rather than tomove on all fours, so they are designed to learn and use language aspart of their normal development as.正确答案：
1.在any和infant中间加other。 在比较两者的异同时,要从比较对象中排除该物或该人。
2.have改为has。 此处主语为neither,故谓语动词要用单数形式。
3.pay改为draw/call/attract/elicit。 pay attention to注意。此处要表达“吸引注意”的意思。
4.on改为to。 get to one’s feet起身,站起来。
5.in risk改为in danger或at risk。 这里表达“在危险中,受到威胁”的意思,没有in risk这种搭配。
6.them改为themselves。 这里需要的宾语和主语they都是指代上文的young animals,故要用反身代词。
7.去掉the。 others指“其他人(物)中的一部分”,the others则指“其他所有的人(物)”。
8.be改为is。 这里suggest意为“提出,暗示”,不作“建议”讲,因此不用虚拟语气。
9.genetic改为genetically。 genetically用来修饰programmed,“副词+过去分词”相当于一个形容词。
10.√解析： 暂无解析 -
第22题：
单选题A suitable title for this passage would be ______.AOvercoming the Language Barrier.
BHow to Survive in an English-speaking World.
CGlobal Understanding—the Key to Personal Progress.
DThe Need for a Common Language.
正确答案： C解析：
通过阅读全文可知文章主要在讲如何克服语言障碍，因此A项是正确的，B项怎样在英语的世界活下来，C项全球理解是个人进步的关键在文章中都没有提及。而选项D对共同语言的需要在文中虽有提及却不能概括整篇文章的意思，因此不能选。故，答案为A。 -
第23题：
单选题The American couple have ______ a two-year-old child, who lost his parents in an earthquake.Aadjusted
Bafforded
Capproved
Dadopted
正确答案： A解析：
句意：这对美国夫妇收养了一个在地震中失去双亲的两岁小孩。本题考查动词辨析。adopt“收养，采取”符合题干语境。因此D项正确。adjust调整，适应。afford提供，给予，负担得起。approve批准，赞成。