更多“填空题Of issues associated with green food, consumers took organic production as the most important.____”相关问题
  • 第1题:

    It is best for people to buy food______when making“green”choices.

    A.produced locally

    B.imposed abroad

    C.transposed by road

    D.grown in green houses


    正确答案:A
    解析:见第五段,最好购买当地种植或生产的食物,这样就不需通过海陆空来运输。

  • 第2题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    irradiating(照射)fruits, vegetable, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so.Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb,is being reviewed.Federal approval dose not require that industry adopt the process,and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.
    Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated food may cause cancer,despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated food.Some people argue that more severe government inspection,higher food-safety standards,and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe.Consequently,companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting(配备)processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.
    All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging or in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors,nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.
    Presently,the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation一gamma rays,highenergy electrons,and X-rays,and sets limits on doses(辐射量)depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it.Different types of food,because of their different molecular(分子)compositions,may require different doses of radiation.

    Which of the following best reflects the content of the passage?
    A:Although FDA does not approve irradiated food,consumers accept irradiated food.
    B:Neither FDA approves irradiated food,nor do consumers accept irradiated food.
    C:FDA approves irradiated food to some extend,but irradiated food is not widely accepted.
    D:Both FDA and consumers think that irradiated food is not safe.

    答案:C
    解析:
    推理判断题。本题考查对review一词的理解。从文章第一段第一句可知,有些经过辐射处理的食品已被FDA认可;从第二句的being reviewed可知有些食品仍然正在评估中。所以选项A、B、D都太绝对或概括过度,均不正确。
    推理判断题。本题考查对复合句的理解。本题解题的关键是找出第二段结尾句中的that引导的定语从句修饰的是process,从该定语从句可推断出消费者对其持不认同的态度。由此可见,选项D是本题的答案。选项A、几C在第二段中都先后有明确提及。
    词义推断题。根据上下文,特别是outfit和equipment两个词,可知是为 processing plants配备设备。因此,可推断出processing plants指的是“食品加工厂”。
    事实细节题。第三段指出食物在哪些情况下要贴上被辐射过的标签,其中第一句提到在supermarket一定要标明哪些食品被辐射过,但对医院或餐厅出售的食物并无此规定。选项D在文中没有提及。
    主旨大意题。第一段提到,FDA认可部分食品可以用辐射方法进行处理,第二段谈到消费者对irradiated food持怀疑态度,同时符合这两条的只有选项C。

  • 第3题:

    共用题干
    Organic Food:Why?

    1 Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world,expanding by 25 percent a year over
    the past 10 years.So what is the attraction of organic food for some people?The really important thing is
    that organic sounds more"natural".Eating organic is a way of defining oneself as natural,good,caring,
    different from the junk-food-eating masses.
    2 Unlike conventional farming,the organic approach means farming with natural,rather than man-
    made , fertilisers and pesticides. Techniques such as crop rotation(轮种)improve soil quality and help
    organic farmers compensate for the absence of man-made chemicals.As a method of food production,organic
    is,however,inefficient in its use of labour and land;there are severe limits to how much food can be pro-
    duced.Also,the environmental benefits of not using artificial fertilisers are tiny compared with the amount of
    carbon dioxide emitted(排放)by transporting food.
    3 Organic farming is often claimed to be safer than conventional farming. Yet studies into organic
    farming worldwide continue to reject this claim.An extensive review by the UK Food Standards Agency found
    that there was no statistically significant difference between organic and conventional crops.Even where re-
    sults indicated there was evidence of a difference,the reviewers found no sign that these differences would
    have any noticeable effect on health.
    4 The simplistic claim that organic food is more nutritious than conventional food was always likely to
    be misleading. Food is a natural product,and the health value of different foods will vary for a number of rea-
    sons,including freshness,the way the food is cooked,the type of soil it is grown in,the amount of sunlight
    and rain crops have received,and so on.Likewise,the flavour of a carrot has less to do with whether it was
    fertilised with manure(粪便)or something out of a plastic sack than with the variety of carrot and how long
    ago it was dug up.
    5 The notion that organic food is safer than"normal"food is also contradicted by the fact that many of
    our most common foods are full of natural toxins(毒素).As one research expert says : " People think that the
    more natural something is,the better it is for them.That is simply not the case.In fact,it is the opposite
    that is true:the closer a plant is to its natural state,the more likely it is that it will poison you.Naturally,
    many plants do not want to be eaten,so we have spent 10,000 years developing agriculture and breeding out
    harmful traits from crops."

    Techniques of organic farming help________.
    A:affect their nutritional content
    B:poison you
    C:improve soil quality
    D:be eaten
    E:show that organic crops are safer than conventional ones
    F: be specially trained

    答案:C
    解析:
    文章第一段第一句话指出欧洲是现今世界上最大的有机作物生产市场,并且在过去10 年里,每年生产面积扩展达25%。最后三句话讲有机作物受欢迎的原因是因为人们认为有机 作物听起来更天然。故选B。
    文章第二段第一句话是主旨句,意思是“和传统种植方法不同,有机作物种植方法意味 着用天然的方法耕种,而不是用人工的、施化肥或使用杀虫剂的方法来耕种。”故选F。
    文章第三段讲述了尽管有机作物种植方法一直被宣称是比传统种植方法更安全,但世 界范围里关于有机作物种植方法的研究却一直不认同这一说法。
    文章第四段讲认为有机作物比传统种植的作物更营养的说法可能是一种误导。食物 是自然的产物,不同食物的健康价值也因许多原因各不相同。影响食物健康价值的原因包括: 烹饪方法,生长地的土壤,阳光,雨水等等。故选A。
    文章第二段描述了有机作物的种植方法。其中第二句话提到:" Techniques such as crop rotation improve soil quality...",故选C。
    参考第25题解析。
    参考第26题解析,文章第四段提到的天气因素会给食物的健康价值即营养成分造成 影响。
    由文章第五段倒数第二句话:" the closer a plant is to its natural state , the more likely it is that it will poison you.”可知作物越接近它的自然状态越有可能对人有害。因此越接近自然状 态的作物,越不适合食用。故选D。

  • 第4题:

    共用题干
    Organic Food:Why?

    1 Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world,expanding by 25 percent a year over
    the past 10 years.So what is the attraction of organic food for some people?The really important thing is
    that organic sounds more"natural".Eating organic is a way of defining oneself as natural,good,caring,
    different from the junk-food-eating masses.
    2 Unlike conventional farming,the organic approach means farming with natural,rather than man-
    made , fertilisers and pesticides. Techniques such as crop rotation(轮种)improve soil quality and help
    organic farmers compensate for the absence of man-made chemicals.As a method of food production,organic
    is,however,inefficient in its use of labour and land;there are severe limits to how much food can be pro-
    duced.Also,the environmental benefits of not using artificial fertilisers are tiny compared with the amount of
    carbon dioxide emitted(排放)by transporting food.
    3 Organic farming is often claimed to be safer than conventional farming. Yet studies into organic
    farming worldwide continue to reject this claim.An extensive review by the UK Food Standards Agency found
    that there was no statistically significant difference between organic and conventional crops.Even where re-
    sults indicated there was evidence of a difference,the reviewers found no sign that these differences would
    have any noticeable effect on health.
    4 The simplistic claim that organic food is more nutritious than conventional food was always likely to
    be misleading. Food is a natural product,and the health value of different foods will vary for a number of rea-
    sons,including freshness,the way the food is cooked,the type of soil it is grown in,the amount of sunlight
    and rain crops have received,and so'on.Likewise,the flavour of a carrot has less to do with whether it was
    fertilised with manure(粪便)or something out of a plastic sack than with the variety of carrot and how long
    ago it was dug up.
    5 The notion that organic food is safer than"normal"food is also contradicted by the fact that many of
    our most common foods are full of natural toxins(毒素).As one research expert says: "People think that the
    more natural something is,the better it is for them.That is simply not the case.In fact,it is the opposite
    that is true:the closer a plant is to its natural state,the more likely it is that it will poison you.Naturally,
    many plants do not want to be eaten,so we have spent 10,000 years developing agriculture and breeding out
    harmful traits from crops."

    Paragraph 1_______
    A:Factors That Affect Food Health Value
    B:Main Reason for the Popularity of Organic Food
    C:Testing the Taste of Organic Food
    D:Research Into Whether Organic Food is Better
    E:Necessity to Remove Hidden Dangers From Food
    F:Description of Organic Farming

    答案:B
    解析:
    文章第一段第一句话指出欧洲是现今世界上最大的有机作物生产市场,并且在过去10 年里,每年生产面积扩展达25%。该段最后三句话讲有机作物受欢迎的原因是因为人们认为有机作物听起来更天然。故选B。
    文章第二段第一句话是主旨句,意思是“和传统种植方法不同,有机作物种植方法意味着用天然的方法耕种,而不是用人工的、施化肥或使用杀虫剂的方法来耕种。”故选F。
    文章第三段讲述了尽管有机作物种植方法一直被宣称是比传统种植方法更安全,但世界范围里关于有机作物种植方法的研究却一直不认同这一说法。
    文章第四段讲认为有机作物比传统种植的作物更营养的说法可能是一种误导。食物是自然的产物,不同食物的健康价值也因许多原因各不相同。影响食物健康价值的原因包括:烹饪方法,生长地的土壤,阳光,雨水等等。故选A。
    文章第二段描述了有机作物的种植方法。其中第二句话提到:"Techniques such as croprotation improve soil quality...",故选C。
    参考第25题解析。
    参考第26题解析,文章第四段提到的天气因素会给食物的健康价值即营养成分造成影响。
    由文章第五段倒数第二句话:"the closer a plant is to its natural state, the more likely it isthat it will poison you.”可知,作物越接近它的自然状态越有可能对人体有害。因此越接近自然 状态的作物,越不适合食用。故选D。第4部分:阅读理解第一篇 本文主要讲述了欧洲研究人员发现空腹喝酒的人要比进餐时喝酒的人更容易患癌症。空腹 喝酒的人的口腔、咽和食管部位容易患上癌症,但即使在进餐时喝酒这些部位患癌症的几率也不会减 少。在一项新的研究中,科学家根据人们每周喝酒量把他们分成四组。研究发现进餐时喝酒最多的 人患口腔部位、咽喉部位和食管部位癌症的几率分别是其他人的10倍,7倍和16倍。另外研究人员 认为进餐时喝酒的人患喉癌的几率最小是因为喉部器官组织接触酒精的面积最少。

  • 第5题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    What Does GMO Free Mean?

    Genetically modified organisms(GMOs)in food are concern for a number of consumers who are worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.As a result,many companies in the late 1990s began to apply the GMO free label,indicating that their food does not contain genetically modified organisms.A number of nations legislate labeling,and in Europe,food must be labeled to indicate whether or not it contains GMOs.In the United States,however,GMO free labeling is purely voluntary and not regulated by any governmental body or organization.
    Since it is not regulated,there has been some question about the validity of the GMO free label in the US.A number of organizations have pressured the Food and Drug Administration(FDA),as well as the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),to enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs.Many food activists want a label that is standardized,so that consumers who are concerned about this issue can be assured about the GMO content of products they purchase.
    Most US consumers have foods containing GMOs in their home.The majority of corn and soybeans grown in the US have been modified,as have several other crops.Some research indicates that many processed foods contain GMO ingredients,so for consumers who are concerned about this issue,GMO free labeling would be helpful.
    For consumers who want to eat natural,organic foods,knowing that the products they buy are GMO free is often very important. Although there is no federal labeling program in the US,some organic farmers and natural food producers have chosen to start their own certification programs.Getting certified through such programs can be very difficult,but many producers believe consumers will be willing to pay extra for the verification.
    The harmful nature of GMOs has been questioned,especially by commercial agriculture producers and seed providers.No scientific evidence has been found to suggest that genetic modification of crops is harmful to humans. Some consumers feel that it is important to be able to make conscious choices about what they eat,however,and want the ability to choose GMO free foods if they so desire.
    Some studies suggest that GMOs may be harmful to agriculture,with cloned genetically modified species harming overall biological diversity and modified genes finding their way into wild plants and non-modified crops.This is especially true in the case of corn,where GMO contamination became a major issue in the 1990s.Other research,however,indicates that genetically modified crops can be of benefit to the environment. Plants designed to be resistant to herbicides(除草剂)and pesticides (杀虫剂),for example,have been seen to reduce the amount of these chemicals used by farmers on both GM and non-modified crops.

    In the last paragraph,"these chemicals"means______.
    A:genetically modified crops
    B:herbicides and pesticides
    C:genetically modified species
    D:genetically modified genes

    答案:B
    解析:
    题干意思:为什么在20世纪90年代末,很多公司使用不含转基因有机体的食品标签?文中第一段第一句:Genetically modified organisms ( GMOs ) in food are concern for a number of consumers who are worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.食物中的转基因有机体引起很多消费者的忧虑,他们担心转基因有机体会对他们的健康有害。显而易见,B选项正确。
    题干意思:美国很多组织要求食品和药品委员会______。文中第二段第二句:A number of organizations have pressured the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) , as well as the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),to enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs.有一些组织向政府食品和药品委员会和美国农业部施压,要求政府通过法律管理食品上的不含转基因有机体标签。经过分析,发现选项C符合文中意思。
    题干意思:消费者愿意为……额外付款。通过文中第四段最后一句Getting certified through such programs can be very difficult,but many producers believe consumers will be willing to pay extra for the verification.这一认证项目的难度很大,但是很多生产商相信消费者愿意为这一纸证明额外付费。经过比较只有A选项符合题意。
    题干意思:商业农作物生产者和种子供应商质疑______。根据文中第五段第一句The harmful nature of GMOs has been questioned , especially by commercial agriculture producers and seed providers.对转基因有机体的有害性,目前还有疑问,尤其是农产品生产商和种子供应商。通过分析,选项D是正确答案。
    题干意思:最后一段“这些化学物品”指的是______。文中最后一段最后一句:Plants designed to be resistant to herbicides and pesticides , for example , have been seen to reduce the amount of these chemicals used by farmers on both GM and non-modified crops.比如一些杭除草剂和杀虫剂的转基因作物就能够减少农民在转基因及非转基因作物上化学药品的用量。回答此类题目一定要在单词的前一句寻找代词指代的对象,该句中能够与these chemicals 对应的只有herbicides and pesticides。所以选择B。

  • 第6题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    What Does GMO Free Mean?

    Genetically modified organisms(GMOs)in food are concern for a number of consumers who are worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.As a result,many companies in the late 1990s began to apply the GMO free label,indicating that their food does not contain genetically modified organisms.A number of nations legislate labeling,and in Europe,food must be labeled to indicate whether or not it contains GMOs.In the United States,however,GMO free labeling is purely voluntary and not regulated by any governmental body or organization.
    Since it is not regulated,there has been some question about the validity of the GMO free label in the US.A number of organizations have pressured the Food and Drug Administration(FDA),as well as the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),to enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs.Many food activists want a label that is standardized,so that consumers who are concerned about this issue can be assured about the GMO content of products they purchase.
    Most US consumers have foods containing GMOs in their home.The majority of corn and soybeans grown in the US have been modified,as have several other crops.Some research indicates that many processed foods contain GMO ingredients,so for consumers who are concerned about this issue,GMO free labeling would be helpful.
    For consumers who want to eat natural,organic foods,knowing that the products they buy are GMO free is often very important. Although there is no federal labeling program in the US,some organic farmers and natural food producers have chosen to start their own certification programs.Getting certified through such programs can be very difficult,but many producers believe consumers will be willing to pay extra for the verification.
    The harmful nature of GMOs has been questioned,especially by commercial agriculture producers and seed providers.No scientific evidence has been found to suggest that genetic modification of crops is harmful to humans. Some consumers feel that it is important to be able to make conscious choices about what they eat,however,and want the ability to choose GMO free foods if they so desire.
    Some studies suggest that GMOs may be harmful to agriculture,with cloned genetically modified species harming overall biological diversity and modified genes finding their way into wild plants and non-modified crops.This is especially true in the case of corn,where GMO contamination became a major issue in the 1990s.Other research,however,indicates that genetically modified crops can be of benefit to the environment. Plants designed to be resistant to herbicides(除草剂)and pesticides (杀虫剂),for example,have been seen to reduce the amount of these chemicals used by farmers on both GM and non-modified crops.

    Consumers will be willing to pay extra for______.
    A:the verification
    B:the packing box
    C:better taste
    D:extra food

    答案:A
    解析:
    题干意思:为什么在20世纪90年代末,很多公司使用不含转基因有机体的食品标签?文中第一段第一句:Genetically modified organisms ( GMOs ) in food are concern for a number of consumers who are worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.食物中的转基因有机体引起很多消费者的忧虑,他们担心转基因有机体会对他们的健康有害。显而易见,B选项正确。
    题干意思:美国很多组织要求食品和药品委员会______。文中第二段第二句:A number of organizations have pressured the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) , as well as the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),to enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs.有一些组织向政府食品和药品委员会和美国农业部施压,要求政府通过法律管理食品上的不含转基因有机体标签。经过分析,发现选项C符合文中意思。
    题干意思:消费者愿意为……额外付款。通过文中第四段最后一句Getting certified through such programs can be very difficult,but many producers believe consumers will be willing to pay extra for the verification.这一认证项目的难度很大,但是很多生产商相信消费者愿意为这一纸证明额外付费。经过比较只有A选项符合题意。
    题干意思:商业农作物生产者和种子供应商质疑______。根据文中第五段第一句The harmful nature of GMOs has been questioned , especially by commercial agriculture producers and seed providers.对转基因有机体的有害性,目前还有疑问,尤其是农产品生产商和种子供应商。通过分析,选项D是正确答案。
    题干意思:最后一段“这些化学物品”指的是______。文中最后一段最后一句:Plants designed to be resistant to herbicides and pesticides , for example , have been seen to reduce the amount of these chemicals used by farmers on both GM and non-modified crops.比如一些杭除草剂和杀虫剂的转基因作物就能够减少农民在转基因及非转基因作物上化学药品的用量。回答此类题目一定要在单词的前一句寻找代词指代的对象,该句中能够与these chemicals 对应的只有herbicides and pesticides。所以选择B。

  • 第7题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    What Does GMO Free Mean?

    Genetically modified organisms(GMOs)in food are concern for a number of consumers who are worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.As a result,many companies in the late 1990s began to apply the GMO free label,indicating that their food does not contain genetically modified organisms.A number of nations legislate labeling,and in Europe,food must be labeled to indicate whether or not it contains GMOs.In the United States,however,GMO free labeling is purely voluntary and not regulated by any governmental body or organization.
    Since it is not regulated,there has been some question about the validity of the GMO free label in the US.A number of organizations have pressured the Food and Drug Administration(FDA),as well as the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),to enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs.Many food activists want a label that is standardized,so that consumers who are concerned about this issue can be assured about the GMO content of products they purchase.
    Most US consumers have foods containing GMOs in their home.The majority of corn and soybeans grown in the US have been modified,as have several other crops.Some research indicates that many processed foods contain GMO ingredients,so for consumers who are concerned about this issue,GMO free labeling would be helpful.
    For consumers who want to eat natural,organic foods,knowing that the products they buy are GMO free is often very important. Although there is no federal labeling program in the US,some organic farmers and natural food producers have chosen to start their own certification programs.Getting certified through such programs can be very difficult,but many producers believe consumers will be willing to pay extra for the verification.
    The harmful nature of GMOs has been questioned,especially by commercial agriculture producers and seed providers.No scientific evidence has been found to suggest that genetic modification of crops is harmful to humans. Some consumers feel that it is important to be able to make conscious choices about what they eat,however,and want the ability to choose GMO free foods if they so desire.
    Some studies suggest that GMOs may be harmful to agriculture,with cloned genetically modified species harming overall biological diversity and modified genes finding their way into wild plants and non-modified crops.This is especially true in the case of corn,where GMO contamination became a major issue in the 1990s.Other research,however,indicates that genetically modified crops can be of benefit to the environment. Plants designed to be resistant to herbicides(除草剂)and pesticides (杀虫剂),for example,have been seen to reduce the amount of these chemicals used by farmers on both GM and non-modified crops.

    A number of organizations in America have pressured the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) to______.
    A: ban foods containing GMOs
    B:punish commercial agriculture producers and seed providers
    C:enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs
    D:abolish legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs

    答案:C
    解析:
    题干意思:为什么在20世纪90年代末,很多公司使用不含转基因有机体的食品标签?文中第一段第一句:Genetically modified organisms ( GMOs ) in food are concern for a number of consumers who are worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.食物中的转基因有机体引起很多消费者的忧虑,他们担心转基因有机体会对他们的健康有害。显而易见,B选项正确。
    题干意思:美国很多组织要求食品和药品委员会______。文中第二段第二句:A number of organizations have pressured the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) , as well as the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),to enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs.有一些组织向政府食品和药品委员会和美国农业部施压,要求政府通过法律管理食品上的不含转基因有机体标签。经过分析,发现选项C符合文中意思。
    题干意思:消费者愿意为……额外付款。通过文中第四段最后一句Getting certified through such programs can be very difficult,but many producers believe consumers will be willing to pay extra for the verification.这一认证项目的难度很大,但是很多生产商相信消费者愿意为这一纸证明额外付费。经过比较只有A选项符合题意。
    题干意思:商业农作物生产者和种子供应商质疑______。根据文中第五段第一句The harmful nature of GMOs has been questioned , especially by commercial agriculture producers and seed providers.对转基因有机体的有害性,目前还有疑问,尤其是农产品生产商和种子供应商。通过分析,选项D是正确答案。
    题干意思:最后一段“这些化学物品”指的是______。文中最后一段最后一句:Plants designed to be resistant to herbicides and pesticides , for example , have been seen to reduce the amount of these chemicals used by farmers on both GM and non-modified crops.比如一些杭除草剂和杀虫剂的转基因作物就能够减少农民在转基因及非转基因作物上化学药品的用量。回答此类题目一定要在单词的前一句寻找代词指代的对象,该句中能够与these chemicals 对应的只有herbicides and pesticides。所以选择B。

  • 第8题:

    填空题
    As it was indicated by the respondents, green food was ranked relatively low in importance because low consumer awareness and lack of consumer interests.____

    正确答案: F
    解析:
    由题干中“green food”及题意可定位至F段。该段讲到,绿色食品并不被看好,接着解释了原因,即消费者缺乏意识和兴趣。故匹配段落为F段。

  • 第9题:

    单选题
    The Standing Committee ______.
    A

    will review and discuss scientific guidance for food and fiber production.

    B

    will respond to all kinds of concerns about the environment.

    C

    will help identify emerging issues in the broad areas of agricultural biotechnology.

    D

    will focus on the applications of biotechnology to food and fiber production.


    正确答案: D
    解析:
    从录音中提到的“…a standing committee that will help identify emerging issues in the broad areas of agricultural biotechnology”可知常务委员会将协助确认农业科技广泛领域所出现的问题,因此选C。
    【录音原文】
    The National Research Council’s (NRC) Board on Life Sciences and Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources have convened a standing committee that will help identify emerging issues in the broad areas of agricultural biotechnology. The Standing Committee on Agricultural Biotechnology, Health, and the Environment (CABHE) will review and discuss scientific guidance for issues surrounding biotechnology as it is applied to food and fiber production, health, and the environment.

  • 第10题:

    问答题
    Practice 1  Are organically grown foods the best food choices? The advantages claimed for such foods over conventionally grown and marketed food products are now being debated. Advocates of organic foods—a term whose meaning varies greatly—frequently proclaim that such products are safer and more nutritious than others. The growing interest of consumers in the safety and nutritional quality of the typical North American diet is a welcome development.  However, much of this interest has been sparked by sweeping claims that the food supply is unsafe or inadequate in meeting nutritional needs. Although most of these claims are not supported by scientific evidence, the preponderance of written material advancing such claims makes it difficult for the general public to separate fact from fiction. As a result, claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore.

    正确答案: 【参考译文】
    绿色食品是最佳食物吗?有人认为绿色食品比通过常规方式生产和销售的食品有更多的优越性,然而现在却有人对此提出异议。绿色食品——这一词的用法非常不统一——支持者往往声称绿色食品比其他食品更安全,营养价值更高。北美的消费者们越来越关注他们的日常饮食是否安全和有营养。这一发展趋势是好的。
    然而这种关注多半是由一些武断的说法引起的,即食物供应不安全或不能提供足够的营养。尽管这些说法多数未被科学证实,但是由于大量文章支持这一观点,使得普通群众难辨真伪。因此那些认为只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康的观点便广为人知,并导致一些不科学的做法和习惯。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第11题:

    填空题
    Now some consumers are willing to pay extra money for food with a special nutritional or health benefit.____

    正确答案: A
    解析:
    由题干中“pay extra money”可定位至A段。本段讲到,一些消费者现在愿意支付更多钱来购买具有特殊营养或保健作用的食品(for food with a special nutritional or health benefit),故匹配段落为A段。

  • 第12题:

    填空题
    Of issues associated with green food, consumers took organic production as the most important.____

    正确答案: F
    解析:
    由题干中关键短语“Of issues associated with green food”可定位至F段。本段明确指出,对消费者来说,与绿色食品相关的最重要问题是有机生产(organic production),故匹配段落为F段。

  • 第13题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    irradiating(照射)fruits, vegetable, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so.Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb,is being reviewed.Federal approval dose not require that industry adopt the process,and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.
    Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated food may cause cancer,despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated food.Some people argue that more severe government inspection,higher food-safety standards,and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe.Consequently,companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting(配备)processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.
    All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging or in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors,nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.
    Presently,the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation一gamma rays,highenergy electrons,and X-rays,and sets limits on doses(辐射量)depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it.Different types of food,because of their different molecular(分子)compositions,may require different doses of radiation.

    Which of the following statements about the consumers' attitude toward irradiated foods is NOT true?
    A:Many consumers are afraid that irradiated foods may cause cancer.
    B:Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods.
    C:Some consumers suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.
    D:Most consumers welcome the food processing companies outfitted with irradiated equipment.

    答案:D
    解析:
    推理判断题。本题考查对review一词的理解。从文章第一段第一句可知,有些经过辐射处理的食品已被FDA认可;从第二句的being reviewed可知有些食品仍然正在评估中。所以选项A、B、D都太绝对或概括过度,均不正确。
    推理判断题。本题考查对复合句的理解。本题解题的关键是找出第二段结尾句中的that引导的定语从句修饰的是process,从该定语从句可推断出消费者对其持不认同的态度。由此可见,选项D是本题的答案。选项A、几C在第二段中都先后有明确提及。
    词义推断题。根据上下文,特别是outfit和equipment两个词,可知是为 processing plants配备设备。因此,可推断出processing plants指的是“食品加工厂”。
    事实细节题。第三段指出食物在哪些情况下要贴上被辐射过的标签,其中第一句提到在supermarket一定要标明哪些食品被辐射过,但对医院或餐厅出售的食物并无此规定。选项D在文中没有提及。
    主旨大意题。第一段提到,FDA认可部分食品可以用辐射方法进行处理,第二段谈到消费者对irradiated food持怀疑态度,同时符合这两条的只有选项C。

  • 第14题:

    共用题干
    Organic Food:Why?

    1 Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world,expanding by 25 percent a year over
    the past 10 years.So what is the attraction of organic food for some people?The really important thing is
    that organic sounds more"natural".Eating organic is a way of defining oneself as natural,good,caring,
    different from the junk-food-eating masses.
    2 Unlike conventional farming,the organic approach means farming with natural,rather than man-
    made , fertilisers and pesticides. Techniques such as crop rotation(轮种)improve soil quality and help
    organic farmers compensate for the absence of man-made chemicals.As a method of food production,organic
    is,however,inefficient in its use of labour and land;there are severe limits to how much food can be pro-
    duced.Also,the environmental benefits of not using artificial fertilisers are tiny compared with the amount of
    carbon dioxide emitted(排放)by transporting food.
    3 Organic farming is often claimed to be safer than conventional farming. Yet studies into organic
    farming worldwide continue to reject this claim.An extensive review by the UK Food Standards Agency found
    that there was no statistically significant difference between organic and conventional crops.Even where re-
    sults indicated there was evidence of a difference,the reviewers found no sign that these differences would
    have any noticeable effect on health.
    4 The simplistic claim that organic food is more nutritious than conventional food was always likely to
    be misleading. Food is a natural product,and the health value of different foods will vary for a number of rea-
    sons,including freshness,the way the food is cooked,the type of soil it is grown in,the amount of sunlight
    and rain crops have received,and so on.Likewise,the flavour of a carrot has less to do with whether it was
    fertilised with manure(粪便)or something out of a plastic sack than with the variety of carrot and how long
    ago it was dug up.
    5 The notion that organic food is safer than"normal"food is also contradicted by the fact that many of
    our most common foods are full of natural toxins(毒素).As one research expert says : " People think that the
    more natural something is,the better it is for them.That is simply not the case.In fact,it is the opposite
    that is true:the closer a plant is to its natural state,the more likely it is that it will poison you.Naturally,
    many plants do not want to be eaten,so we have spent 10,000 years developing agriculture and breeding out
    harmful traits from crops."

    Paragraph 4________
    A:Factors That Affect Food Health Value
    B:Main Reason for the Popularity of Organic Food
    C:Testing the Taste of Organic Food
    D:Research Into Whether Organic Food Is Better
    E:Necessity to Remove Hidden Dangers From Food
    F:Description of Organic Farming

    答案:A
    解析:
    文章第一段第一句话指出欧洲是现今世界上最大的有机作物生产市场,并且在过去10 年里,每年生产面积扩展达25%。最后三句话讲有机作物受欢迎的原因是因为人们认为有机 作物听起来更天然。故选B。
    文章第二段第一句话是主旨句,意思是“和传统种植方法不同,有机作物种植方法意味 着用天然的方法耕种,而不是用人工的、施化肥或使用杀虫剂的方法来耕种。”故选F。
    文章第三段讲述了尽管有机作物种植方法一直被宣称是比传统种植方法更安全,但世 界范围里关于有机作物种植方法的研究却一直不认同这一说法。
    文章第四段讲认为有机作物比传统种植的作物更营养的说法可能是一种误导。食物 是自然的产物,不同食物的健康价值也因许多原因各不相同。影响食物健康价值的原因包括: 烹饪方法,生长地的土壤,阳光,雨水等等。故选A。
    文章第二段描述了有机作物的种植方法。其中第二句话提到:" Techniques such as crop rotation improve soil quality...",故选C。
    参考第25题解析。
    参考第26题解析,文章第四段提到的天气因素会给食物的健康价值即营养成分造成 影响。
    由文章第五段倒数第二句话:" the closer a plant is to its natural state , the more likely it is that it will poison you.”可知作物越接近它的自然状态越有可能对人有害。因此越接近自然状 态的作物,越不适合食用。故选D。

  • 第15题:

    共用题干
    Organic Food:Why?

    1 Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world,expanding by 25 percent a year over
    the past 10 years.So what is the attraction of organic food for some people?The really important thing is
    that organic sounds more"natural".Eating organic is a way of defining oneself as natural,good,caring,
    different from the junk-food-eating masses.
    2 Unlike conventional farming,the organic approach means farming with natural,rather than man-
    made , fertilisers and pesticides. Techniques such as crop rotation(轮种)improve soil quality and help
    organic farmers compensate for the absence of man-made chemicals.As a method of food production,organic
    is,however,inefficient in its use of labour and land;there are severe limits to how much food can be pro-
    duced.Also,the environmental benefits of not using artificial fertilisers are tiny compared with the amount of
    carbon dioxide emitted(排放)by transporting food.
    3 Organic farming is often claimed to be safer than conventional farming. Yet studies into organic
    farming worldwide continue to reject this claim.An extensive review by the UK Food Standards Agency found
    that there was no statistically significant difference between organic and conventional crops.Even where re-
    sults indicated there was evidence of a difference,the reviewers found no sign that these differences would
    have any noticeable effect on health.
    4 The simplistic claim that organic food is more nutritious than conventional food was always likely to
    be misleading. Food is a natural product,and the health value of different foods will vary for a number of rea-
    sons,including freshness,the way the food is cooked,the type of soil it is grown in,the amount of sunlight
    and rain crops have received,and so on.Likewise,the flavour of a carrot has less to do with whether it was
    fertilised with manure(粪便)or something out of a plastic sack than with the variety of carrot and how long
    ago it was dug up.
    5 The notion that organic food is safer than"normal"food is also contradicted by the fact that many of
    our most common foods are full of natural toxins(毒素).As one research expert says : " People think that the
    more natural something is,the better it is for them.That is simply not the case.In fact,it is the opposite
    that is true:the closer a plant is to its natural state,the more likely it is that it will poison you.Naturally,
    many plants do not want to be eaten,so we have spent 10,000 years developing agriculture and breeding out
    harmful traits from crops."

    The weather conditions during the growth of crops________.
    A:affect their nutritional content
    B:poison you
    C:improve soil quality
    D:be eaten
    E:show that organic crops are safer than conventional ones
    F: be specially trained

    答案:A
    解析:
    文章第一段第一句话指出欧洲是现今世界上最大的有机作物生产市场,并且在过去10 年里,每年生产面积扩展达25%。最后三句话讲有机作物受欢迎的原因是因为人们认为有机 作物听起来更天然。故选B。
    文章第二段第一句话是主旨句,意思是“和传统种植方法不同,有机作物种植方法意味 着用天然的方法耕种,而不是用人工的、施化肥或使用杀虫剂的方法来耕种。”故选F。
    文章第三段讲述了尽管有机作物种植方法一直被宣称是比传统种植方法更安全,但世 界范围里关于有机作物种植方法的研究却一直不认同这一说法。
    文章第四段讲认为有机作物比传统种植的作物更营养的说法可能是一种误导。食物 是自然的产物,不同食物的健康价值也因许多原因各不相同。影响食物健康价值的原因包括: 烹饪方法,生长地的土壤,阳光,雨水等等。故选A。
    文章第二段描述了有机作物的种植方法。其中第二句话提到:" Techniques such as crop rotation improve soil quality...",故选C。
    参考第25题解析。
    参考第26题解析,文章第四段提到的天气因素会给食物的健康价值即营养成分造成 影响。
    由文章第五段倒数第二句话:" the closer a plant is to its natural state , the more likely it is that it will poison you.”可知作物越接近它的自然状态越有可能对人有害。因此越接近自然状 态的作物,越不适合食用。故选D。

  • 第16题:

    共用题干
    Organic Food:Why?

    1 Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world,expanding by 25 percent a year over
    the past 10 years.So what is the attraction of organic food for some people?The really important thing is
    that organic sounds more"natural".Eating organic is a way of defining oneself as natural,good,caring,
    different from the junk-food-eating masses.
    2 Unlike conventional farming,the organic approach means farming with natural,rather than man-
    made , fertilisers and pesticides. Techniques such as crop rotation(轮种)improve soil quality and help
    organic farmers compensate for the absence of man-made chemicals.As a method of food production,organic
    is,however,inefficient in its use of labour and land;there are severe limits to how much food can be pro-
    duced.Also,the environmental benefits of not using artificial fertilisers are tiny compared with the amount of
    carbon dioxide emitted(排放)by transporting food.
    3 Organic farming is often claimed to be safer than conventional farming. Yet studies into organic
    farming worldwide continue to reject this claim.An extensive review by the UK Food Standards Agency found
    that there was no statistically significant difference between organic and conventional crops.Even where re-
    sults indicated there was evidence of a difference,the reviewers found no sign that these differences would
    have any noticeable effect on health.
    4 The simplistic claim that organic food is more nutritious than conventional food was always likely to
    be misleading. Food is a natural product,and the health value of different foods will vary for a number of rea-
    sons,including freshness,the way the food is cooked,the type of soil it is grown in,the amount of sunlight
    and rain crops have received,and so'on.Likewise,the flavour of a carrot has less to do with whether it was
    fertilised with manure(粪便)or something out of a plastic sack than with the variety of carrot and how long
    ago it was dug up.
    5 The notion that organic food is safer than"normal"food is also contradicted by the fact that many of
    our most common foods are full of natural toxins(毒素).As one research expert says: "People think that the
    more natural something is,the better it is for them.That is simply not the case.In fact,it is the opposite
    that is true:the closer a plant is to its natural state,the more likely it is that it will poison you.Naturally,
    many plants do not want to be eaten,so we have spent 10,000 years developing agriculture and breeding out
    harmful traits from crops."

    Techniques of organic farming help_________.
    A:affect their nutritional content
    B:poison you
    C:improve soil quality
    D:be eaten
    E:show that organic crops are safer than conventional ones
    F:be soeciallv trained

    答案:C
    解析:
    文章第一段第一句话指出欧洲是现今世界上最大的有机作物生产市场,并且在过去10 年里,每年生产面积扩展达25%。该段最后三句话讲有机作物受欢迎的原因是因为人们认为有机作物听起来更天然。故选B。
    文章第二段第一句话是主旨句,意思是“和传统种植方法不同,有机作物种植方法意味着用天然的方法耕种,而不是用人工的、施化肥或使用杀虫剂的方法来耕种。”故选F。
    文章第三段讲述了尽管有机作物种植方法一直被宣称是比传统种植方法更安全,但世界范围里关于有机作物种植方法的研究却一直不认同这一说法。
    文章第四段讲认为有机作物比传统种植的作物更营养的说法可能是一种误导。食物是自然的产物,不同食物的健康价值也因许多原因各不相同。影响食物健康价值的原因包括:烹饪方法,生长地的土壤,阳光,雨水等等。故选A。
    文章第二段描述了有机作物的种植方法。其中第二句话提到:"Techniques such as croprotation improve soil quality...",故选C。
    参考第25题解析。
    参考第26题解析,文章第四段提到的天气因素会给食物的健康价值即营养成分造成影响。
    由文章第五段倒数第二句话:"the closer a plant is to its natural state, the more likely it isthat it will poison you.”可知,作物越接近它的自然状态越有可能对人体有害。因此越接近自然 状态的作物,越不适合食用。故选D。第4部分:阅读理解第一篇 本文主要讲述了欧洲研究人员发现空腹喝酒的人要比进餐时喝酒的人更容易患癌症。空腹 喝酒的人的口腔、咽和食管部位容易患上癌症,但即使在进餐时喝酒这些部位患癌症的几率也不会减 少。在一项新的研究中,科学家根据人们每周喝酒量把他们分成四组。研究发现进餐时喝酒最多的 人患口腔部位、咽喉部位和食管部位癌症的几率分别是其他人的10倍,7倍和16倍。另外研究人员 认为进餐时喝酒的人患喉癌的几率最小是因为喉部器官组织接触酒精的面积最少。

  • 第17题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    What Does GMO Free Mean?

    Genetically modified organisms(GMOs)in food are concern for a number of consumers who are worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.As a result,many companies in the late 1990s began to apply the GMO free label,indicating that their food does not contain genetically modified organisms.A number of nations legislate labeling,and in Europe,food must be labeled to indicate whether or not it contains GMOs.In the United States,however,GMO free labeling is purely voluntary and not regulated by any governmental body or organization.
    Since it is not regulated,there has been some question about the validity of the GMO free label in the US.A number of organizations have pressured the Food and Drug Administration(FDA),as well as the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),to enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs.Many food activists want a label that is standardized,so that consumers who are concerned about this issue can be assured about the GMO content of products they purchase.
    Most US consumers have foods containing GMOs in their home.The majority of corn and soybeans grown in the US have been modified,as have several other crops.Some research indicates that many processed foods contain GMO ingredients,so for consumers who are concerned about this issue,GMO free labeling would be helpful.
    For consumers who want to eat natural,organic foods,knowing that the products they buy are GMO free is often very important. Although there is no federal labeling program in the US,some organic farmers and natural food producers have chosen to start their own certification programs.Getting certified through such programs can be very difficult,but many producers believe consumers will be willing to pay extra for the verification.
    The harmful nature of GMOs has been questioned,especially by commercial agriculture producers and seed providers.No scientific evidence has been found to suggest that genetic modification of crops is harmful to humans. Some consumers feel that it is important to be able to make conscious choices about what they eat,however,and want the ability to choose GMO free foods if they so desire.
    Some studies suggest that GMOs may be harmful to agriculture,with cloned genetically modified species harming overall biological diversity and modified genes finding their way into wild plants and non-modified crops.This is especially true in the case of corn,where GMO contamination became a major issue in the 1990s.Other research,however,indicates that genetically modified crops can be of benefit to the environment. Plants designed to be resistant to herbicides(除草剂)and pesticides (杀虫剂),for example,have been seen to reduce the amount of these chemicals used by farmers on both GM and non-modified crops.

    Commercial agriculture producers and seed providers questioned the______.
    A:the consumers choice
    B:the nutrition of GMOs
    C:the output of GMOs
    D:the harmful nature of GMOs

    答案:D
    解析:
    题干意思:为什么在20世纪90年代末,很多公司使用不含转基因有机体的食品标签?文中第一段第一句:Genetically modified organisms ( GMOs ) in food are concern for a number of consumers who are worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.食物中的转基因有机体引起很多消费者的忧虑,他们担心转基因有机体会对他们的健康有害。显而易见,B选项正确。
    题干意思:美国很多组织要求食品和药品委员会______。文中第二段第二句:A number of organizations have pressured the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) , as well as the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),to enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs.有一些组织向政府食品和药品委员会和美国农业部施压,要求政府通过法律管理食品上的不含转基因有机体标签。经过分析,发现选项C符合文中意思。
    题干意思:消费者愿意为……额外付款。通过文中第四段最后一句Getting certified through such programs can be very difficult,but many producers believe consumers will be willing to pay extra for the verification.这一认证项目的难度很大,但是很多生产商相信消费者愿意为这一纸证明额外付费。经过比较只有A选项符合题意。
    题干意思:商业农作物生产者和种子供应商质疑______。根据文中第五段第一句The harmful nature of GMOs has been questioned , especially by commercial agriculture producers and seed providers.对转基因有机体的有害性,目前还有疑问,尤其是农产品生产商和种子供应商。通过分析,选项D是正确答案。
    题干意思:最后一段“这些化学物品”指的是______。文中最后一段最后一句:Plants designed to be resistant to herbicides and pesticides , for example , have been seen to reduce the amount of these chemicals used by farmers on both GM and non-modified crops.比如一些杭除草剂和杀虫剂的转基因作物就能够减少农民在转基因及非转基因作物上化学药品的用量。回答此类题目一定要在单词的前一句寻找代词指代的对象,该句中能够与these chemicals 对应的只有herbicides and pesticides。所以选择B。

  • 第18题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    What Does GMO Free Mean?

    Genetically modified organisms(GMOs)in food are concern for a number of consumers who are worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.As a result,many companies in the late 1990s began to apply the GMO free label,indicating that their food does not contain genetically modified organisms.A number of nations legislate labeling,and in Europe,food must be labeled to indicate whether or not it contains GMOs.In the United States,however,GMO free labeling is purely voluntary and not regulated by any governmental body or organization.
    Since it is not regulated,there has been some question about the validity of the GMO free label in the US.A number of organizations have pressured the Food and Drug Administration(FDA),as well as the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),to enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs.Many food activists want a label that is standardized,so that consumers who are concerned about this issue can be assured about the GMO content of products they purchase.
    Most US consumers have foods containing GMOs in their home.The majority of corn and soybeans grown in the US have been modified,as have several other crops.Some research indicates that many processed foods contain GMO ingredients,so for consumers who are concerned about this issue,GMO free labeling would be helpful.
    For consumers who want to eat natural,organic foods,knowing that the products they buy are GMO free is often very important. Although there is no federal labeling program in the US,some organic farmers and natural food producers have chosen to start their own certification programs.Getting certified through such programs can be very difficult,but many producers believe consumers will be willing to pay extra for the verification.
    The harmful nature of GMOs has been questioned,especially by commercial agriculture producers and seed providers.No scientific evidence has been found to suggest that genetic modification of crops is harmful to humans. Some consumers feel that it is important to be able to make conscious choices about what they eat,however,and want the ability to choose GMO free foods if they so desire.
    Some studies suggest that GMOs may be harmful to agriculture,with cloned genetically modified species harming overall biological diversity and modified genes finding their way into wild plants and non-modified crops.This is especially true in the case of corn,where GMO contamination became a major issue in the 1990s.Other research,however,indicates that genetically modified crops can be of benefit to the environment. Plants designed to be resistant to herbicides(除草剂)and pesticides (杀虫剂),for example,have been seen to reduce the amount of these chemicals used by farmers on both GM and non-modified crops.

    Why did many companies in the late l990s apply the GMO free label?
    A:Because the label were beautiful.
    B:Because consumers worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.
    C:Because it could protect the food from contamination.
    D:Because it was regulated by every governmental body or organization.

    答案:B
    解析:
    题干意思:为什么在20世纪90年代末,很多公司使用不含转基因有机体的食品标签?文中第一段第一句:Genetically modified organisms ( GMOs ) in food are concern for a number of consumers who are worried about the impact that GMOs may have on their health.食物中的转基因有机体引起很多消费者的忧虑,他们担心转基因有机体会对他们的健康有害。显而易见,B选项正确。
    题干意思:美国很多组织要求食品和药品委员会______。文中第二段第二句:A number of organizations have pressured the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) , as well as the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),to enact legislation governing food labeling in regards to GMOs.有一些组织向政府食品和药品委员会和美国农业部施压,要求政府通过法律管理食品上的不含转基因有机体标签。经过分析,发现选项C符合文中意思。
    题干意思:消费者愿意为……额外付款。通过文中第四段最后一句Getting certified through such programs can be very difficult,but many producers believe consumers will be willing to pay extra for the verification.这一认证项目的难度很大,但是很多生产商相信消费者愿意为这一纸证明额外付费。经过比较只有A选项符合题意。
    题干意思:商业农作物生产者和种子供应商质疑______。根据文中第五段第一句The harmful nature of GMOs has been questioned , especially by commercial agriculture producers and seed providers.对转基因有机体的有害性,目前还有疑问,尤其是农产品生产商和种子供应商。通过分析,选项D是正确答案。
    题干意思:最后一段“这些化学物品”指的是______。文中最后一段最后一句:Plants designed to be resistant to herbicides and pesticides , for example , have been seen to reduce the amount of these chemicals used by farmers on both GM and non-modified crops.比如一些杭除草剂和杀虫剂的转基因作物就能够减少农民在转基因及非转基因作物上化学药品的用量。回答此类题目一定要在单词的前一句寻找代词指代的对象,该句中能够与these chemicals 对应的只有herbicides and pesticides。所以选择B。

  • 第19题:

    单选题
    An agricultural cooperative wants to sell more of its less popular vegetables, zucchini in particular. A consultant has suggested that the cooperative’s farmers should attempt to market a purple form of zucchini instead of the conventional green form, because people generally dislike green-colored vegetables.  Which of the following, if true, casts the most doubt on the accuracy of the consultant’s assertion?
    A

    Broccoli and green peas, which are both green vegetables, are among the most popular vegetables in the country.

    B

    Grapes and eggplants, which both have purple skin, are popular among consumers of all ages.

    C

    Summer squash, a yellow-colored cousin of the zucchini, is one of the most popular summer vegetables.

    D

    Green tomatoes are far less popular than red tomatoes.

    E

    A chewing gum company reports that its purple-colored grape gum is less popular than its green-colored sour apple flavor.


    正确答案: C
    解析:
    文中提到顾问建议公司售卖紫色的西葫芦,因为人们不喜欢绿色的蔬菜,所以如A是正确的,那么顾问的建议就会遭到质疑,故本题选A项。

  • 第20题:

    填空题
    Price, quality and food safety were the most important factors for consumers according to the DPI’s research in 2004.____

    正确答案: B
    解析:
    由题干中“the most important factors 和the DPI’s research in 2004”定位至B段。该段表明价格、质量和食品安全(price, quality and food safety)仍然是影响消费者最重要的因素。故匹配段落为B段。

  • 第21题:

    填空题
    Among all the ethical issues of food, the proving of claims on product labels was considered to be of higher importance than issues such as workers’ rights.____

    正确答案: E
    解析:
    由题干中“workers’ rights”可定位至E段。该段指出,产品标签上的声明是否属实(The proving of claims made on product labels)被认为比工人的权利、公司的责任和当地资源等问题更为重要,故匹配段落为E段。

  • 第22题:

    单选题
    The example of the roses emphasizes the _____.
    A

    the difficulty for ethical consumers to identify green products

    B

    the necessity of giving more information to ethical consumers

    C

    the importance of making the right choice in green consumption

    D

    the controversy of whether or not to continue green consumption


    正确答案: D
    解析:
    第五段以玫瑰为例说明消费者在选择绿色消费时面临的困难。人们普遍认为来自荷兰的玫瑰比从肯尼亚空运来的玫瑰更环保,但Cranfield大学的研究显示荷兰的玫瑰二氧化碳排放量却是肯尼亚玫瑰的六倍。因此消费者看起来正确的选择可能是错误的。

  • 第23题:

    填空题
    The survey shows that green food is becoming (popular) ____ than traditional food.

    正确答案: more popular
    解析:
    本题考查形容词比较级。句意:这项调查显示,与传统食品相比,绿色食品越来越受到人们欢迎。than提示此处需使用形容词比较级,故填入more popular。

  • 第24题:

    单选题
    CleanGreens! is a kind of green food.
    A

    Right

    B

    Wrong

    C

    Doesn’t say


    正确答案: C
    解析:
    这句话的意思是“CleanGreens!是一种绿色食品。”根据文章第一段可以推断出CleanGreens!是一种可以清洗蔬菜水果的洗涤剂,而不是食品。