单选题Sheridan Community Schools consists of____schools.A twoB threeC fourD five

When Francis Pearman was studying at Vanderbilt,he and a fellow graduate student noticed a striking phenomenon in Nashville White,affluent families were moving into low-income neighborhoods without sending their children to the neighborhood schools We were really curious to see what that relationship looked like at the national level,said Pearman,now a professor at the University of Pitts burgh When he and that student,Walker Swain,looked at national data,a pattern emerged.The ability to opt out of the neighborhood school increased the likelihood that a mostly black or Hispanic neighbor hood would see an influx of wealthier residents."As school choice expands,the likelihood that low-in-come communities of color experience gentrification increases.”Pearman said To choice advocates,this separation of avilable school options from segregated housing systems is a key feature To critics like Shedd,it raises tough questions about whether those newcomers help or harm a community.What is a neighborhood without a school?she asks."What is a school without a neighborhood?”Pearman and Swain's national study,published in the peer-reviewed journal Sociology of Education,looked at four different types of school-choice programs:magnet schools,charter schools,private school vouchers,and open enrollment across school districts When school choices are limited,poor communities with more white people are the ones more likely to gentrify.When there are more school-choice options,though,it's the neighborhoods with more people of color that are most likely to gentrify.The effects were substantial A predominantly non-white neighborhoods chance of gentrification more than doubles,jumping from 18 percent to 40 percent when magnet and charter schools are available.The study found no impact of the open-enrollment initiatives that allow students to cross school-district lines to attend school.Voucher programs,perhaps the most divisive of the school-choice options,had mixed effects The researchers note that they didn’t examine gentrifiers'aversion to neighborhood schools,which could be based on accurate perceptions of school quality or misguided,racially biased assumptions The Charlotte study examines a similar phenomenon in one district in the early 2000s.Rules under the federal No child left behind law meant that that when schools failed to meet certain progress bench marks two years in a row,students in the schools attendance zone received priority to attend other popular schools in the district.This made those areas attractive to families looking to get into favored schools and therefore primed for gentrification The researchers--Stephen Billings,Eric Brunner,and Stephen Ross-found that the policy led to increases in housing prices and meant homes were bought by higher-income families,compared to near Dy areas where schools were not deemed failing The same school-choice programs that maintain or exacerbate school segregation can encourage residential integration.That could be a real positive,as there is evidence that growing up in high-poverty neighborhoods can hurt kids.But what do these changes mean for existing schools,students,and residents?Neither paper offers answers to how the newcomers affect those communities
Shedd views the phenomenon that the white wealthy families move to the colored community with

A.complete agreement
B.strong opposition
C.mild indignation
D.some uncertainty

When Francis Pearman was studying at Vanderbilt,he and a fellow graduate student noticed a striking phenomenon in Nashville White,affluent families were moving into low-income neighborhoods without sending their children to the neighborhood schools We were really curious to see what that relationship looked like at the national level,said Pearman,now a professor at the University of Pitts burgh When he and that student,Walker Swain,looked at national data,a pattern emerged.The ability to opt out of the neighborhood school increased the likelihood that a mostly black or Hispanic neighbor hood would see an influx of wealthier residents."As school choice expands,the likelihood that low-in-come communities of color experience gentrification increases.”Pearman said To choice advocates,this separation of avilable school options from segregated housing systems is a key feature To critics like Shedd,it raises tough questions about whether those newcomers help or harm a community.What is a neighborhood without a school?she asks."What is a school without a neighborhood?”Pearman and Swain's national study,published in the peer-reviewed journal Sociology of Education,looked at four different types of school-choice programs:magnet schools,charter schools,private school vouchers,and open enrollment across school districts When school choices are limited,poor communities with more white people are the ones more likely to gentrify.When there are more school-choice options,though,it's the neighborhoods with more people of color that are most likely to gentrify.The effects were substantial A predominantly non-white neighborhoods chance of gentrification more than doubles,jumping from 18 percent to 40 percent when magnet and charter schools are available.The study found no impact of the open-enrollment initiatives that allow students to cross school-district lines to attend school.Voucher programs,perhaps the most divisive of the school-choice options,had mixed effects The researchers note that they didn’t examine gentrifiers'aversion to neighborhood schools,which could be based on accurate perceptions of school quality or misguided,racially biased assumptions The Charlotte study examines a similar phenomenon in one district in the early 2000s.Rules under the federal No child left behind law meant that that when schools failed to meet certain progress bench marks two years in a row,students in the schools attendance zone received priority to attend other popular schools in the district.This made those areas attractive to families looking to get into favored schools and therefore primed for gentrification The researchers--Stephen Billings,Eric Brunner,and Stephen Ross-found that the policy led to increases in housing prices and meant homes were bought by higher-income families,compared to near Dy areas where schools were not deemed failing The same school-choice programs that maintain or exacerbate school segregation can encourage residential integration.That could be a real positive,as there is evidence that growing up in high-poverty neighborhoods can hurt kids.But what do these changes mean for existing schools,students,and residents?Neither paper offers answers to how the newcomers affect those communities
According to Paragraph 1,what did Francis Pearman and his fellow student find?

A.The low-income white people send their children to the poor neighborhood schools
B.The rich white families won't send their children to the low-income community schools
C.The influx of wealthier families to the low-income community improves their relationship
D.Many white wealthy families moved to the colored neighborhood in Nashville

共用题干
第一篇

Goal of American Education

Education is an enormous and expensive part of American life.Its size is matched by its variety.
Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the
fact that education here has long been intended for everyone一not just for a privileged elite.Schools are ex-
pected to meet the needs of every child,regardless of ability,and also the needs of society itself. This means
that public schools offer more than academic subjects.It surprises many people when they come here to find
high schools offering such courses as typing,sewing,radio repair,computer programming or driver training,
along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics,history,and languages.Students choose their
curricula depending on their interests,future goals,and level of ability. The underlying goal of American edu-
cation is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities,and to give each one a sense of
civic and community consciousness.
Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and"Americanizing"the
millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins.
Schools still play a large role in the community,especially in the small towns.
The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many,not only because it is informal,but also
because there is not much emphasis on learning facts.Instead,Americans try to teach their children to think
for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities.Students spend much time,learning
how to use resource materials,libraries,statistics and computers.Americans believe that if children are
taught to reason well and to research well,they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the
rest of their lives.Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of
facts.
This is America's answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking
themselves in the fast-moving time:"How can one prepare today's child for a tomorrow that one can neither
predict nor understand?"

Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from education in other countries?
A:The large number of its schools.
B:The variety of the courses offered in its schools.
C:Its special consideration given to immigrants.
D:Its underlying goal to develop every child's abilities to the fullest extent.

共用题干
Charter Schools

American public education has changed in recent years.One change is that increasing
numbers of American parents and teachers are starting independent public schools
_______(1)charter schools（特许学校）.
In 1991,there were no charter schools in the United States.Today,more than 2,300
charter schools_________(2)in 34 states and the District of Columbia.575,000
students___________(3)these schools.The students are from 5 years of age through 18
or older.
A charter school is_________(4)by groups of parents,teachers and community
（社区）members. It is similar in some ways__________(5) a traditional public school.
It receives tax money to operate just as other public schools do.The_________(6)it
receives depends on the number of students.The charter school must prove to local or
state governments that its students are learning.These governments____________(7)the
school with the agreement,or charter that permits it to operate.
Unlike a traditional public school,__________(8),the charter school does not have
to obey most laws governing public schools.Local,state or federal governments cannot tell
it what to________(9).
Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to___________
(10)those goals.Class sizes usually are smaller than in many traditional public schools.
Many students and parents say _________(11)in charter schools can be more
creative.
However,state education agencies,local education-governing committees and unions
often_________(12)charter schools.They say these schools may receive money
badly__________(13)by traditional public schools.Experts say some charter schools
are doing well while others are struggling.
Congress provided 200 million dollars for________(14)charter schools in the
2002 federal budget（预算）.But,often the schools say they lack enough money for their
_________(15).Many also lack needed space.

_________(4)
A:taught
B:held
C:created
D:understood

When Francis Pearman was studying at Vanderbilt,he and a fellow graduate student noticed a striking phenomenon in Nashville White,affluent families were moving into low-income neighborhoods without sending their children to the neighborhood schools We were really curious to see what that relationship looked like at the national level,said Pearman,now a professor at the University of Pitts burgh When he and that student,Walker Swain,looked at national data,a pattern emerged.The ability to opt out of the neighborhood school increased the likelihood that a mostly black or Hispanic neighbor hood would see an influx of wealthier residents."As school choice expands,the likelihood that low-in-come communities of color experience gentrification increases.”Pearman said To choice advocates,this separation of avilable school options from segregated housing systems is a key feature To critics like Shedd,it raises tough questions about whether those newcomers help or harm a community.What is a neighborhood without a school?she asks."What is a school without a neighborhood?”Pearman and Swain's national study,published in the peer-reviewed journal Sociology of Education,looked at four different types of school-choice programs:magnet schools,charter schools,private school vouchers,and open enrollment across school districts When school choices are limited,poor communities with more white people are the ones more likely to gentrify.When there are more school-choice options,though,it's the neighborhoods with more people of color that are most likely to gentrify.The effects were substantial A predominantly non-white neighborhoods chance of gentrification more than doubles,jumping from 18 percent to 40 percent when magnet and charter schools are available.The study found no impact of the open-enrollment initiatives that allow students to cross school-district lines to attend school.Voucher programs,perhaps the most divisive of the school-choice options,had mixed effects The researchers note that they didn’t examine gentrifiers'aversion to neighborhood schools,which could be based on accurate perceptions of school quality or misguided,racially biased assumptions The Charlotte study examines a similar phenomenon in one district in the early 2000s.Rules under the federal No child left behind law meant that that when schools failed to meet certain progress bench marks two years in a row,students in the schools attendance zone received priority to attend other popular schools in the district.This made those areas attractive to families looking to get into favored schools and therefore primed for gentrification The researchers--Stephen Billings,Eric Brunner,and Stephen Ross-found that the policy led to increases in housing prices and meant homes were bought by higher-income families,compared to near Dy areas where schools were not deemed failing The same school-choice programs that maintain or exacerbate school segregation can encourage residential integration.That could be a real positive,as there is evidence that growing up in high-poverty neighborhoods can hurt kids.But what do these changes mean for existing schools,students,and residents?Neither paper offers answers to how the newcomers affect those communities
Which of the following could be inferred from Paragraph 5?

A.The gentrification is closely connected with the number of wealthy families
B.Wider school choices enable communities with more white people to gentrify easily
C.Magnet and charter schools facilitate the non-white community gentrification.
D.Open enrollment schools have mixed effects on the poor community gentrification

共用题干
第一篇

Goal of American Education

Education is an enormous and expensive part of American life.Its size is matched by its variety.
Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the
fact that education here has long been intended for everyone一not just for a privileged elite.Schools are ex-
pected to meet the needs of every child,regardless of ability,and also the needs of society itself. This means
that public schools offer more than academic subjects.It surprises many people when they come here to find
high schools offering such courses as typing,sewing,radio repair,computer programming or driver training,
along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics,history,and languages.Students choose their
curricula depending on their interests,future goals,and level of ability. The underlying goal of American edu-
cation is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities,and to give each one a sense of
civic and community consciousness.
Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and"Americanizing"the
millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins.
Schools still play a large role in the community,especially in the small towns.
The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many,not only because it is informal,but also
because there is not much emphasis on learning facts.Instead,Americans try to teach their children to think
for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities.Students spend much time,learning
how to use resource materials,libraries,statistics and computers.Americans believe that if children are
taught to reason well and to research well,they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the
rest of their lives.Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of
facts.
This is America's answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking
themselves in the fast-moving time:"How can one prepare today's child for a tomorrow that one can neither
predict nor understand?"

According to the passage,American education meets the needs of all the following EXCEPT_________.
A:the brightest students
B:the slow students
C:the students from foreign countries
D:the immigrants

共用题干
第一篇

Goal of American Education

Education is an enormous and expensive part of American life.Its size is matched by its variety.
Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the
fact that education here has long been intended for everyone一not just for a privileged elite.Schools are ex-
pected to meet the needs of every child,regardless of ability,and also the needs of society itself. This means
that public schools offer more than academic subjects.It surprises many people when they come here to find
high schools offering such courses as typing,sewing,radio repair,computer programming or driver training,
along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics,history,and languages.Students choose their
curricula depending on their interests,future goals,and level of ability. The underlying goal of American edu-
cation is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities,and to give each one a sense of
civic and community consciousness.
Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and"Americanizing"the
millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins.
Schools still play a large role in the community,especially in the small towns.
The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many,not only because it is informal,but also
because there is not much emphasis on learning facts.Instead,Americans try to teach their children to think
for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities.Students spend much time,learning
how to use resource materials,libraries,statistics and computers.Americans believe that if children are
taught to reason well and to research well,they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the
rest of their lives.Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of
facts.
This is America's answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking
themselves in the fast-moving time:"How can one prepare today's child for a tomorrow that one can neither
predict nor understand?"

American schools place great emphasis on the learner's_________.
A:enrichment of knowledge
B:accumulation of facts
C:acquisition of the ability to be creative
D:acquisition of the ability to work with his hands