单选题All the students of this university have free ______ to the Internet via a broadband connection.A accessB entranceC permissionD passageway

Even though they are young，these students are equal in knowledge to，if not more deep than，( ) at the other university .

A. everyone
B. the others
C. the ones
D. All

Text 3 University used to be for a privileged few.In some countries it is now almost a rite of passage.Although that is excellent news,rew countries have worked out how to pay for it.In some of continental Europe,where the state often foots the bill,the result has usually been under investment.In America,where students themselves pay,many have little choice but to take on huge debts.English policymakers thought they had struck the right balance,with a mix of student fees and generous state loans.But,nearly two decades after youngsters were first required to contribute to tuition costs,the system has dwindling support at home.Jeremy Corbyn,Labour's leader,speaks as though it were designed to keep the poor from spoiling the ivory towers.He has called for an end to the"debt burden"on students,and has claimed that"fewer working-class young people are applying to university,"Labour's showing at the recent election suggests many young voters agree.Mr Corbyn's argument betrays a disregard for the facts and a poor understanding of student finance.Twenty years ago English students could go to university free,with the state covering the cost.The result was many struggling institutions and strict limits on the numbers of students universities were allowed to take.Annual tuition fees allowed an expansion of higher education,from around 30%of 18-year-olds to more than 40%-and the proportion of youngsters going to university from poor parts of the country has grown from one-in-ten to three-in-ten.That is because loans for tuition are combined with gentle repayment terms.Graduates only pay back based on their income above￡21,000 a year,meaning that their debts never become unmanageable.Outstanding loans are written off after 30 years.Critics argue that tuition fees aggravate inequality between generations（rich oldsters attended university free,after all）,but the alternative would be greater inequality within generations-as poorer students were once again frozen out when capacity fell,and relatively wealthy graduates were subsidised from general taxation.The real problem with the English system is not fairness,but that fees have not driven up standards.Almost all universities charge the maximum,whatever the course-not because they are a"cartel",but because no university wants to suggest that it offers a cut-price,second-rate degree.Nevertheless,surveys indicate that students have seen little improvement in teaching.One answer would be to promote competition by giving students better information.The government has relaxed the rules for new institutions in the hope that they will develop new teaching methods and drive down prices.It could also encourage students to hold universities to account,with devices such as learning contracts specifying what undergraduates should expect,and by helping them switch courses if they are dissatisfied.If students think they are not getting value for money,support for a scheme that is fair and progressive will dwindle.And that could lead to the most regressive step of all:scrapping tuition fees.
The author views Jeremy Corbyn's argument with______

A.iolerance
B.opposition
C.approval
D.uncertainty

Text 3 University used to be for a privileged few.In some countries it is now almost a rite of passage.Although that is excellent news,rew countries have worked out how to pay for it.In some of continental Europe,where the state often foots the bill,the result has usually been under investment.In America,where students themselves pay,many have little choice but to take on huge debts.English policymakers thought they had struck the right balance,with a mix of student fees and generous state loans.But,nearly two decades after youngsters were first required to contribute to tuition costs,the system has dwindling support at home.Jeremy Corbyn,Labour's leader,speaks as though it were designed to keep the poor from spoiling the ivory towers.He has called for an end to the"debt burden"on students,and has claimed that"fewer working-class young people are applying to university,"Labour's showing at the recent election suggests many young voters agree.Mr Corbyn's argument betrays a disregard for the facts and a poor understanding of student finance.Twenty years ago English students could go to university free,with the state covering the cost.The result was many struggling institutions and strict limits on the numbers of students universities were allowed to take.Annual tuition fees allowed an expansion of higher education,from around 30%of 18-year-olds to more than 40%-and the proportion of youngsters going to university from poor parts of the country has grown from one-in-ten to three-in-ten.That is because loans for tuition are combined with gentle repayment terms.Graduates only pay back based on their income above￡21,000 a year,meaning that their debts never become unmanageable.Outstanding loans are written off after 30 years.Critics argue that tuition fees aggravate inequality between generations（rich oldsters attended university free,after all）,but the alternative would be greater inequality within generations-as poorer students were once again frozen out when capacity fell,and relatively wealthy graduates were subsidised from general taxation.The real problem with the English system is not fairness,but that fees have not driven up standards.Almost all universities charge the maximum,whatever the course-not because they are a"cartel",but because no university wants to suggest that it offers a cut-price,second-rate degree.Nevertheless,surveys indicate that students have seen little improvement in teaching.One answer would be to promote competition by giving students better information.The government has relaxed the rules for new institutions in the hope that they will develop new teaching methods and drive down prices.It could also encourage students to hold universities to account,with devices such as learning contracts specifying what undergraduates should expect,and by helping them switch courses if they are dissatisfied.If students think they are not getting value for money,support for a scheme that is fair and progressive will dwindle.And that could lead to the most regressive step of all:scrapping tuition fees.
Currently,the tuition fees system in the UK has_____

A.received acclaim from youngsters
B.incurred criticism from Labour
C.ended the debt burden on students
D.reduced applications and attendance

Text 3 University used to be for a privileged few.In some countries it is now almost a rite of passage.Although that is excellent news,rew countries have worked out how to pay for it.In some of continental Europe,where the state often foots the bill,the result has usually been under investment.In America,where students themselves pay,many have little choice but to take on huge debts.English policymakers thought they had struck the right balance,with a mix of student fees and generous state loans.But,nearly two decades after youngsters were first required to contribute to tuition costs,the system has dwindling support at home.Jeremy Corbyn,Labour's leader,speaks as though it were designed to keep the poor from spoiling the ivory towers.He has called for an end to the"debt burden"on students,and has claimed that"fewer working-class young people are applying to university,"Labour's showing at the recent election suggests many young voters agree.Mr Corbyn's argument betrays a disregard for the facts and a poor understanding of student finance.Twenty years ago English students could go to university free,with the state covering the cost.The result was many struggling institutions and strict limits on the numbers of students universities were allowed to take.Annual tuition fees allowed an expansion of higher education,from around 30%of 18-year-olds to more than 40%-and the proportion of youngsters going to university from poor parts of the country has grown from one-in-ten to three-in-ten.That is because loans for tuition are combined with gentle repayment terms.Graduates only pay back based on their income above￡21,000 a year,meaning that their debts never become unmanageable.Outstanding loans are written off after 30 years.Critics argue that tuition fees aggravate inequality between generations（rich oldsters attended university free,after all）,but the alternative would be greater inequality within generations-as poorer students were once again frozen out when capacity fell,and relatively wealthy graduates were subsidised from general taxation.The real problem with the English system is not fairness,but that fees have not driven up standards.Almost all universities charge the maximum,whatever the course-not because they are a"cartel",but because no university wants to suggest that it offers a cut-price,second-rate degree.Nevertheless,surveys indicate that students have seen little improvement in teaching.One answer would be to promote competition by giving students better information.The government has relaxed the rules for new institutions in the hope that they will develop new teaching methods and drive down prices.It could also encourage students to hold universities to account,with devices such as learning contracts specifying what undergraduates should expect,and by helping them switch courses if they are dissatisfied.If students think they are not getting value for money,support for a scheme that is fair and progressive will dwindle.And that could lead to the most regressive step of all:scrapping tuition fees.
Which of the following contributes to higher teaching standards?

A.Promoting competition among students.
B.Updating teaching devices.
C.Empowering students.
D.Raising tuition fees.

The University in Transformation,edited by Australian futurists Sohail Inayatullah and Jennifer Gidley,presents some 20 highly varied outlooks on tomorrow’s universities by writers representing both Western and non-Western perspectives.Their
essays raise a broad range of issues,questioning nearly every key assumption we have about higher education today.
The most widely discussed alternative to the traditional campus is the Internet University—a voluntary community to
scholars/teachers physically scattered throughout a country or around the world but all linked in cyberspace.A computerized
university could have many advantages,such as easy scheduling,efficient delivery of lectures to thousands or even millions of students at once,and ready access for students everywhere to the resources of all the world’s great libraries.
Yet the Internet University poses dangers,too.For example,a line of franchised courseware,produced by a few superstar
teachers,marketed under the brand name of a famous institution,and heavily advertised,might eventually come to dominate
the global education market,warns sociology professor Peter Manicas of the University of Hawaii at Manoa.Besides enforcing a rigidly standardized curriculum,such a“college education in a box”could undersell the offerings of many traditional brick and mortar institutions,effectively driving them out of business and throwing thousands of career academics out of work,note
Australian communications professors David Rooney and Greg Hearn.
On the other hand,while global connectivity seems highly likely to play some significant role in future higher education,
that does not mean greater uniformity in course content—or other dangers—will necessarily follow.Counter-movements are
also at work.
Many in academia,including scholars contributing to this volume,are questioning the fundamental mission of university
education.What if,for instance,instead of receiving primarily technical training and building their individual careers,university students and professors could focus their learning and research efforts on existing problems in their local communities and the world?Feminist scholar Ivana Milojevic dares to dream what a university might become“if we believed that child care workers and teachers in early childhood education should be one of the highest(rather than lowest)paid professionals?”
Co-editor Jennifer Gidley shows how tomorrow’s university faculty,instead of giving lectures and conducting independent
research,may take on three new roles.Some would act as brokers,assembling customized degree-credit programmes for
individual students by mixing and matching the best course offerings available from institutions all around the world.A second group,mentors,would function much like today’s faculty advisers,but are likely to be working with many more students
outside their own academic specialty.This would require them to constantly be learning from their students as well as
instructing them.
A third new role for faculty,and in Gidley’s view the most challenging and rewarding of all,would be as meaning-makers:
charismatic sages and practitioners leading groups of students/colleagues in collaborative efforts to find spiritual as well as
rational and technological solutions to specific real-world problems.
Moreover,there seems little reason to suppose that any one form of university must necessarily drive out all other options.Students may be“enrolled”in courses offered at virtual campuses on the Internet,between—or even during—sessions at A.real world problem focused institution.
As co-editor Sohail Inayatullah points out in his introduction,no future is inevitable,and the very act of imagining and
thinking through alternative possibilities can directly affect how thoughtfully,creatively and urgently even a dominant
technology is adapted and applied.Even in academia,the future belongs to those who care enough to work their visions into
practical,sustainable realities.

Which of the following is NOT seen as a potential danger of the Internet University?

A.Internet based courses may be less costly than traditional ones.
B.Teachers in traditional institutions may lose their jobs.
C.Internet based courseware may lack variety in course content.
D.The Internet University may produce teachers with a lot of publicity.

A University of California advisor said___________.

A.all students could overcome the anxiety after taking a special test anxiety program
B.almost all students felt less stress after taking a University of California advising course
C.students found it difficult to improve even though they had taken a special test anxietycourse
D.students found it easy to relax as soon as they entered a University of California advisingcourse

Text 3 University used to be for a privileged few.In some countries it is now almost a rite of passage.Although that is excellent news,rew countries have worked out how to pay for it.In some of continental Europe,where the state often foots the bill,the result has usually been under investment.In America,where students themselves pay,many have little choice but to take on huge debts.English policymakers thought they had struck the right balance,with a mix of student fees and generous state loans.But,nearly two decades after youngsters were first required to contribute to tuition costs,the system has dwindling support at home.Jeremy Corbyn,Labour's leader,speaks as though it were designed to keep the poor from spoiling the ivory towers.He has called for an end to the"debt burden"on students,and has claimed that"fewer working-class young people are applying to university,"Labour's showing at the recent election suggests many young voters agree.Mr Corbyn's argument betrays a disregard for the facts and a poor understanding of student finance.Twenty years ago English students could go to university free,with the state covering the cost.The result was many struggling institutions and strict limits on the numbers of students universities were allowed to take.Annual tuition fees allowed an expansion of higher education,from around 30%of 18-year-olds to more than 40%-and the proportion of youngsters going to university from poor parts of the country has grown from one-in-ten to three-in-ten.That is because loans for tuition are combined with gentle repayment terms.Graduates only pay back based on their income above￡21,000 a year,meaning that their debts never become unmanageable.Outstanding loans are written off after 30 years.Critics argue that tuition fees aggravate inequality between generations（rich oldsters attended university free,after all）,but the alternative would be greater inequality within generations-as poorer students were once again frozen out when capacity fell,and relatively wealthy graduates were subsidised from general taxation.The real problem with the English system is not fairness,but that fees have not driven up standards.Almost all universities charge the maximum,whatever the course-not because they are a"cartel",but because no university wants to suggest that it offers a cut-price,second-rate degree.Nevertheless,surveys indicate that students have seen little improvement in teaching.One answer would be to promote competition by giving students better information.The government has relaxed the rules for new institutions in the hope that they will develop new teaching methods and drive down prices.It could also encourage students to hold universities to account,with devices such as learning contracts specifying what undergraduates should expect,and by helping them switch courses if they are dissatisfied.If students think they are not getting value for money,support for a scheme that is fair and progressive will dwindle.And that could lead to the most regressive step of all:scrapping tuition fees.
By"fees have not driven up standards",the author means"high tuition fees____".

A.are beyond students'affordability
B.contribute little to university rankings
C.fail to satisfy the needs of universities
D.are meant to meet what students expect

Text 3 University used to be for a privileged few.In some countries it is now almost a rite of passage.Although that is excellent news,rew countries have worked out how to pay for it.In some of continental Europe,where the state often foots the bill,the result has usually been under investment.In America,where students themselves pay,many have little choice but to take on huge debts.English policymakers thought they had struck the right balance,with a mix of student fees and generous state loans.But,nearly two decades after youngsters were first required to contribute to tuition costs,the system has dwindling support at home.Jeremy Corbyn,Labour's leader,speaks as though it were designed to keep the poor from spoiling the ivory towers.He has called for an end to the"debt burden"on students,and has claimed that"fewer working-class young people are applying to university,"Labour's showing at the recent election suggests many young voters agree.Mr Corbyn's argument betrays a disregard for the facts and a poor understanding of student finance.Twenty years ago English students could go to university free,with the state covering the cost.The result was many struggling institutions and strict limits on the numbers of students universities were allowed to take.Annual tuition fees allowed an expansion of higher education,from around 30%of 18-year-olds to more than 40%-and the proportion of youngsters going to university from poor parts of the country has grown from one-in-ten to three-in-ten.That is because loans for tuition are combined with gentle repayment terms.Graduates only pay back based on their income above￡21,000 a year,meaning that their debts never become unmanageable.Outstanding loans are written off after 30 years.Critics argue that tuition fees aggravate inequality between generations（rich oldsters attended university free,after all）,but the alternative would be greater inequality within generations-as poorer students were once again frozen out when capacity fell,and relatively wealthy graduates were subsidised from general taxation.The real problem with the English system is not fairness,but that fees have not driven up standards.Almost all universities charge the maximum,whatever the course-not because they are a"cartel",but because no university wants to suggest that it offers a cut-price,second-rate degree.Nevertheless,surveys indicate that students have seen little improvement in teaching.One answer would be to promote competition by giving students better information.The government has relaxed the rules for new institutions in the hope that they will develop new teaching methods and drive down prices.It could also encourage students to hold universities to account,with devices such as learning contracts specifying what undergraduates should expect,and by helping them switch courses if they are dissatisfied.If students think they are not getting value for money,support for a scheme that is fair and progressive will dwindle.And that could lead to the most regressive step of all:scrapping tuition fees.
A tuition-free system would lead to_____

A.an expansion of higher education
B.a removal of generational inequality
C.a wider gap between rich and poor
D.an anti-tax sentiment in the public