Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?()A、The Anglo-Saxons.B、The Normans.C、The Vikings.D、The Romans

题目

Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?()

  • A、The Anglo-Saxons.
  • B、The Normans.
  • C、The Vikings.
  • D、The Romans

相似考题
更多“Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?()A、The Anglo-Saxons.B、The Normans.C、The Vikings.D、The Romans”相关问题
  • 第1题:

    There were many different cultures in the ancient world,but the two that had the most influence?on European and American civilizations were the Greek and the Roman.Often these two eultures are?lumped together in our minds,as if they were really exactly alike.But that is not the case.In many?ways the Greeks and the Romans could not have been more different.
    The Greeks were truly democratic,often without a single leader but instead governed by a group?of men chosen by the people.The Romans were semi-democratic.They had a governing Senate,but?the political power was mostly or completely in the hands of a single emperor.
    Both cultures were great builders.But the construction interests of the two cultures were also?different.The Greeks tended to be more artistic.Their buildings were well constructed and they were?especially interested in temples,columns,and decorative forms.The Romans,on the other hand,were more engineers than artists.They concentrated their efforts on urban planning,well-functioning?water pipes,and the best roads.
    Only in cooking and eating habits are the two cultures really similar.Both peoples ate very well?indeed:lots of fish,fresh vegetables and fruits,healthy meals,holding at the same time long?discussions and tasting excellent wines.
    In fact,it would probably be fair to say that they both loved life in their warm,
    sea-oriented?climates,and they both lived a full life.

    Which of the following is TRUE?

    A.The Romans had more political awareness.
    B.The Romans had less political freedom and democracy.
    C.The Romans had more freedom to choose their leader.
    D.The Romans had fewer people elected into the government.

    答案:B
    解析:
    【考情点拨】推理判断题。
    【应试指导】文章第二段将希腊和罗马的政治文化进行对比,由此可知,希腊的政治强调民主,罗马则强调专制。故罗马的政治自由和民主较少。故选B。

  • 第2题:

    共用题干
    English and English Community
    1. There is no denying that English is a useful language.The people who speak English today make up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese. Originally they were small tribes of people from northern Europe who settled in England.Their languages became more and more similar to each other. Finally,the language had enough uni-formity to be used by all speakers in England.The people were united into a speech community through their shared language.
    2. A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities.The people who make up the community share a common language .Often they live side by side,as they do in a neighborhood, a village,or a city.More often they form a whole country.National boundaries,however,are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community.A speech community is any group of people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live.
    3. We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech community.For convenience,we may classify the speakers into two groups:one in which the speakers use English as their native language,the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language for the purpose of education,commerce,and so on.
    4. English serves as an alternative language in several areas of public activity for many nations of the world which employ it as an international second language .English has been adopted as the language of air traffic,commerce,as well as international diplomacy .Moreover,English is the language of the majority of published materials in the world so that education has come to rely heavily on an understanding of English.
    5. Learning a second language extends one's vision and expands the mind.The history and litera- ture of a second language record the real and fictional lives of people and their culture;a knowl- edge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they feel .Learning English as a sec- ond language provides another means of communication through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage.

    The idea of the national boundaries is often different from_____.
    A:.that of a speech community
    B: can a speech community be formed
    C: in order to learn English better
    D: for the sake of simplicity
    E: has played an important role in the field of education
    F: is widely used in several areas of public activity

    答案:A
    解析:
    该段通过与其他群体相比较来解释什么是语言群体,该段最后一句话是主题句,也是解答该题的关键,它可以被视为语言群体的定义。选项F符合题意,故选F
    该段把讲英语的语言群体分为两类,一类是把英语当作母语;一类是把英语视为第二语言。选项D中的关键词composition是“构成”的意思,符合题意,故选D。
    该段讲的是英语作为第二语言在世界上许多国家的各个领域都被广泛应用,如航空、商务、外交、教育等。选项A符合题意,故选A。
    该段主要谈的是学习第二语言的益处,最后一句话更是具体到学习英语的益处。选项C符合题意,故选C。
    答案来自第一段的最后一句,本题只是把该句倒装了。该句说明人们是通过他们所拥有的共同语言组成一个语言群体。题干以only开头,这要求主句谓语部分使用倒装句,选项中只有B项符合题意,故选B。
    答案来自第二段第四句话,该句说明国界与语言群体的界限并不总是一致的。选项中涉及语言群体的只有A和B项,上题已经选择B项,所以只有A合适,A项中的 that用来代替the+有关前述名词。故选A。
    本题的答案可以在第三段第二句中找到。该句表明为了方便起见,我们将说英语者分为两类。原句中的for convenience等于选项D , for the sake of simplicity。故选D。
    本题较简单,只要找到第四段最后一句话就能正确回答该题。该句表明教育越来越依赖对英语的理解,反过来就是说对英语的理解在教育中起到重要作用。选项E符合题意,故选E。

  • 第3题:

    共用题干
    The First Settlement in North America
    It is very difficult to saythat when colonization began.The first hundred years after Christo-pher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North Ameri-can continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south,a great interest in gold and ad-venture,and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part.John Cabot,originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice, was estahlished as a trader in Bristol,England,when he made a journey in 1497 .But his ship,the Matthew,with its crew of eighteen,did no more than see an island(probably off the New England coast)and return home.He and his son made fur-ther voyages across the north Atlantic,which enahled the English Crown to claima“legal”title to North America.But for a long time afterwards the Europeans,interest in America was mainly con-fined to the Spanish activities further south.
    Th e fi rst heginning of permanent settlement in North America was nearly a hundred yearsa仁 ter Columbus'5 first voyage.The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North Amer-ica for England,calling it Virginia.In 1585 he sent a small group ofpeople who landed in Roano-ke Island,but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition, led hy Drake,in 1 5 87 .A second group who landed in 1 587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived in 1590.
    The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1 607 .English capitalists founded two Virginia companies,a southern one hased in London and a northern one based in Bristol.It was decided to give the name New England to the northernarea.The first settlers in Virginia were lit-tle more than wage slaves to the company.All were men and the experiment was not very success-ful .Many died.Those who survived lived in miserable conditions.By 1619 the colony had onlya thousand people.

    We know for sure that colonization began at the end of the 15th century.
    A: Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Notmentioned

    答案:B
    解析:
    文章的第一句话指出“很难说殖民地的开拓是从何时开始的”。


    第一段说在1492年哥伦布发现新大陆之后的100年中,北美大陆上没有出现过一块殖民者的定居地,但是在更往南的地方即南美出现了一些西班牙人的贸易站。


    第一段说John Cabot 1497年航行到了北美,之后他和他儿子又多次穿越北大西洋航行到北美,才使英国王室能够宣布对北美大陆的“合法”拥有权。


    1497年John Cabot首次乘坐“马修号”到达北美时船上有18位水手,再加上他本人船上应该至少有19人。


    第二段第一句话说北美大陆开始出现永久定居地是在哥伦布首航近一百年之后的事情,第三句话说Walter Raleigh爵士在1585年派了一小组人登上了Roanoke岛。


    第二段第二句话说英国人Walter Raleigh宣称整个北美都属于英国,并称之为弗吉尼亚。


    文章的最后一段说英国资本家成立了两家弗吉尼亚公司,后来决定用“新英格兰” 这个名字来称呼北美北部地区,但并没有说是由谁来命名的。

  • 第4题:

    共用题干
    The First Settlement in North America
    It is very difficult to saythat when colonization began.The first hundred years after Christo-pher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North Ameri-can continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south,a great interest in gold and ad-venture,and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part.John Cabot,originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice, was estahlished as a trader in Bristol,England,when he made a journey in 1497 .But his ship,the Matthew,with its crew of eighteen,did no more than see an island(probably off the New England coast)and return home.He and his son made fur-ther voyages across the north Atlantic,which enahled the English Crown to claima“legal”title to North America.But for a long time afterwards the Europeans,interest in America was mainly con-fined to the Spanish activities further south.
    Th e fi rst heginning of permanent settlement in North America was nearly a hundred yearsa仁 ter Columbus'5 first voyage.The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North Amer-ica for England,calling it Virginia.In 1585 he sent a small group ofpeople who landed in Roano-ke Island,but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition, led hy Drake,in 1 5 87 .A second group who landed in 1 587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived in 1590.
    The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1 607 .English capitalists founded two Virginia companies,a southern one hased in London and a northern one based in Bristol.It was decided to give the name New England to the northernarea.The first settlers in Virginia were lit-tle more than wage slaves to the company.All were men and the experiment was not very success-ful .Many died.Those who survived lived in miserable conditions.By 1619 the colony had onlya thousand people.

    Among the early settlers in SouthAmerica in thel6th century were Spanish traders.
    A:Right
    B: Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:A
    解析:
    文章的第一句话指出“很难说殖民地的开拓是从何时开始的”。


    第一段说在1492年哥伦布发现新大陆之后的100年中,北美大陆上没有出现过一块殖民者的定居地,但是在更往南的地方即南美出现了一些西班牙人的贸易站。


    第一段说John Cabot 1497年航行到了北美,之后他和他儿子又多次穿越北大西洋航行到北美,才使英国王室能够宣布对北美大陆的“合法”拥有权。


    1497年John Cabot首次乘坐“马修号”到达北美时船上有18位水手,再加上他本人船上应该至少有19人。


    第二段第一句话说北美大陆开始出现永久定居地是在哥伦布首航近一百年之后的事情,第三句话说Walter Raleigh爵士在1585年派了一小组人登上了Roanoke岛。


    第二段第二句话说英国人Walter Raleigh宣称整个北美都属于英国,并称之为弗吉尼亚。


    文章的最后一段说英国资本家成立了两家弗吉尼亚公司,后来决定用“新英格兰” 这个名字来称呼北美北部地区,但并没有说是由谁来命名的。

  • 第5题:

    The Maori believe that their ancestors,and all living things in the world,were descended from()

    Athe sky

    Bthe land

    Cthe God

    Dthe gods


    D

  • 第6题:

    Where is Kate?()

    • A、She's in England.
    • B、She's from London
    • C、She's a nurse in England.  
    • D、She is English

    正确答案:A

  • 第7题:

    Which of the following statements is NOT true?()

    • A、Canute was chosen by the Witan as king of England.
    • B、Canute was a warrior king and fought many battles against the Normans.
    • C、Canute divided power between Danes and Saxons.
    • D、Canute forced Malcolm II,king of the Scots,to recognize him as overlord.

    正确答案:B

  • 第8题:

    The first known settlers of Britain were the()

    • A、Celts
    • B、Iberians
    • C、Beaker Folk
    • D、Romans

    正确答案:B

  • 第9题:

    单选题
    Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?
    A

    The Anglo-Saxons.

    B

    The Vikings.

    C

    The Normans.

    D

    The Romans.


    正确答案: B
    解析:
    盎格鲁撒克逊人是日耳曼民族的分支,于五世纪中期由北欧入侵大不列颠,成为现今英格兰人的祖先。

  • 第10题:

    单选题
    When Google and Facebook were established, the founders were still _____.
    A

    in high school

    B

    in the army

    C

    in primary school

    D

    at college


    正确答案: D
    解析:

  • 第11题:

    单选题
    The Maori believe that their ancestors,and all living things in the world,were descended from()
    A

    the sky

    B

    the land

    C

    the God

    D

    the gods


    正确答案: D
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第12题:

    单选题
    At first it looked as if the Romans would win because _____.
    A

    the Scots were not brave

    B

    the Roman army was so strong

    C

    the Scots did not have a good leader

    D

    the Romans had the support from the Scottish


    正确答案: C
    解析:
    文章第一段倒数第一、二句提到“They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland, but there were too many of the Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win.”。罗马人多势众,所以一开始视乎罗马人很可能赢得这场战争。故选B。

  • 第13题:

    共用题干
    English and English Community
    1. There is no denying that English is a useful language.The people who speak English today make up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese. Originally they were small tribes of people from northern Europe who settled in England.Their languages became more and more similar to each other. Finally,the language had enough uni-formity to be used by all speakers in England.The people were united into a speech community through their shared language.
    2. A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities.The people who make up the community share a common language .Often they live side by side,as they do in a neighborhood, a village,or a city.More often they form a whole country.National boundaries,however,are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community.A speech community is any group of people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live.
    3. We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech community.For convenience,we may classify the speakers into two groups:one in which the speakers use English as their native language,the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language for the purpose of education,commerce,and so on.
    4. English serves as an alternative language in several areas of public activity for many nations of the world which employ it as an international second language .English has been adopted as the language of air traffic,commerce,as well as international diplomacy .Moreover,English is the language of the majority of published materials in the world so that education has come to rely heavily on an understanding of English.
    5. Learning a second language extends one's vision and expands the mind.The history and litera- ture of a second language record the real and fictional lives of people and their culture;a knowl- edge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they feel .Learning English as a sec- ond language provides another means of communication through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage.

    Paragraph 3______
    A: The Wide Use of English
    B: Historical Account of English and Its Community
    C: The Advantages of Learning a Second Language
    D: The Composition of the English Community
    E: The Threat That English Poses to Other Languages
    F: The Definition of a Speech Community

    答案:D
    解析:
    该段通过与其他群体相比较来解释什么是语言群体,该段最后一句话是主题句,也是解答该题的关键,它可以被视为语言群体的定义。选项F符合题意,故选F
    该段把讲英语的语言群体分为两类,一类是把英语当作母语;一类是把英语视为第二语言。选项D中的关键词composition是“构成”的意思,符合题意,故选D。
    该段讲的是英语作为第二语言在世界上许多国家的各个领域都被广泛应用,如航空、商务、外交、教育等。选项A符合题意,故选A。
    该段主要谈的是学习第二语言的益处,最后一句话更是具体到学习英语的益处。选项C符合题意,故选C。
    答案来自第一段的最后一句,本题只是把该句倒装了。该句说明人们是通过他们所拥有的共同语言组成一个语言群体。题干以only开头,这要求主句谓语部分使用倒装句,选项中只有B项符合题意,故选B。
    答案来自第二段第四句话,该句说明国界与语言群体的界限并不总是一致的。选项中涉及语言群体的只有A和B项,上题已经选择B项,所以只有A合适,A项中的 that用来代替the+有关前述名词。故选A。
    本题的答案可以在第三段第二句中找到。该句表明为了方便起见,我们将说英语者分为两类。原句中的for convenience等于选项D , for the sake of simplicity。故选D。
    本题较简单,只要找到第四段最后一句话就能正确回答该题。该句表明教育越来越依赖对英语的理解,反过来就是说对英语的理解在教育中起到重要作用。选项E符合题意,故选E。

  • 第14题:

    共用题干
    English and English Community
    1. There is no denying that English is a useful language.The people who speak English today make up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese. Originally they were small tribes of people from northern Europe who settled in England.Their languages became more and more similar to each other. Finally,the language had enough uni-formity to be used by all speakers in England.The people were united into a speech community through their shared language.
    2. A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities.The people who make up the community share a common language .Often they live side by side,as they do in a neighborhood, a village,or a city.More often they form a whole country.National boundaries,however,are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community.A speech community is any group of people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live.
    3. We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech community.For convenience,we may classify the speakers into two groups:one in which the speakers use English as their native language,the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language for the purpose of education,commerce,and so on.
    4. English serves as an alternative language in several areas of public activity for many nations of the world which employ it as an international second language .English has been adopted as the language of air traffic,commerce,as well as international diplomacy .Moreover,English is the language of the majority of published materials in the world so that education has come to rely heavily on an understanding of English.
    5. Learning a second language extends one's vision and expands the mind.The history and litera- ture of a second language record the real and fictional lives of people and their culture;a knowl- edge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they feel .Learning English as a sec- ond language provides another means of communication through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage.

    An understanding of English______.
    A:.that of a speech community
    B: can a speech community be formed
    C: in order to learn English better
    D: for the sake of simplicity
    E: has played an important role in the field of education
    F: is widely used in several areas of public activity

    答案:E
    解析:
    该段通过与其他群体相比较来解释什么是语言群体,该段最后一句话是主题句,也是解答该题的关键,它可以被视为语言群体的定义。选项F符合题意,故选F
    该段把讲英语的语言群体分为两类,一类是把英语当作母语;一类是把英语视为第二语言。选项D中的关键词composition是“构成”的意思,符合题意,故选D。
    该段讲的是英语作为第二语言在世界上许多国家的各个领域都被广泛应用,如航空、商务、外交、教育等。选项A符合题意,故选A。
    该段主要谈的是学习第二语言的益处,最后一句话更是具体到学习英语的益处。选项C符合题意,故选C。
    答案来自第一段的最后一句,本题只是把该句倒装了。该句说明人们是通过他们所拥有的共同语言组成一个语言群体。题干以only开头,这要求主句谓语部分使用倒装句,选项中只有B项符合题意,故选B。
    答案来自第二段第四句话,该句说明国界与语言群体的界限并不总是一致的。选项中涉及语言群体的只有A和B项,上题已经选择B项,所以只有A合适,A项中的 that用来代替the+有关前述名词。故选A。
    本题的答案可以在第三段第二句中找到。该句表明为了方便起见,我们将说英语者分为两类。原句中的for convenience等于选项D , for the sake of simplicity。故选D。
    本题较简单,只要找到第四段最后一句话就能正确回答该题。该句表明教育越来越依赖对英语的理解,反过来就是说对英语的理解在教育中起到重要作用。选项E符合题意,故选E。

  • 第15题:

    共用题干
    The First Settlement in North America
    It is very difficult to saythat when colonization began.The first hundred years after Christo-pher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North Ameri-can continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south,a great interest in gold and ad-venture,and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part.John Cabot,originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice, was estahlished as a trader in Bristol,England,when he made a journey in 1497 .But his ship,the Matthew,with its crew of eighteen,did no more than see an island(probably off the New England coast)and return home.He and his son made fur-ther voyages across the north Atlantic,which enahled the English Crown to claima“legal”title to North America.But for a long time afterwards the Europeans,interest in America was mainly con-fined to the Spanish activities further south.
    Th e fi rst heginning of permanent settlement in North America was nearly a hundred yearsa仁 ter Columbus'5 first voyage.The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North Amer-ica for England,calling it Virginia.In 1585 he sent a small group ofpeople who landed in Roano-ke Island,but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition, led hy Drake,in 1 5 87 .A second group who landed in 1 587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived in 1590.
    The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1 607 .English capitalists founded two Virginia companies,a southern one hased in London and a northern one based in Bristol.It was decided to give the name New England to the northernarea.The first settlers in Virginia were lit-tle more than wage slaves to the company.All were men and the experiment was not very success-ful .Many died.Those who survived lived in miserable conditions.By 1619 the colony had onlya thousand people.

    With John Cabot's arrival at an island off the New England coast in 1497,the British Crown claimed to be the legal owner of North America.
    A:Right
    B: Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:B
    解析:
    文章的第一句话指出“很难说殖民地的开拓是从何时开始的”。


    第一段说在1492年哥伦布发现新大陆之后的100年中,北美大陆上没有出现过一块殖民者的定居地,但是在更往南的地方即南美出现了一些西班牙人的贸易站。


    第一段说John Cabot 1497年航行到了北美,之后他和他儿子又多次穿越北大西洋航行到北美,才使英国王室能够宣布对北美大陆的“合法”拥有权。


    1497年John Cabot首次乘坐“马修号”到达北美时船上有18位水手,再加上他本人船上应该至少有19人。


    第二段第一句话说北美大陆开始出现永久定居地是在哥伦布首航近一百年之后的事情,第三句话说Walter Raleigh爵士在1585年派了一小组人登上了Roanoke岛。


    第二段第二句话说英国人Walter Raleigh宣称整个北美都属于英国,并称之为弗吉尼亚。


    文章的最后一段说英国资本家成立了两家弗吉尼亚公司,后来决定用“新英格兰” 这个名字来称呼北美北部地区,但并没有说是由谁来命名的。

  • 第16题:

    ( )laid the foundations of English state.

    A.Celts
    B.The Anglo-Saxons
    C.The Romans
    D.The Normans

    答案:B
    解析:
    考查英国历史。尽管盎格鲁·撒克逊人是野蛮民族,征战不休,但他们为英国国家的形成打下了基础。

  • 第17题:

    Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?()

    AThe Anglo-Saxons.

    BThe Normans.

    CThe Vikings.

    DThe Romans


    A

  • 第18题:

    50% of the people()for the survey were female.

    • A、were questioned
    • B、who questioned
    • C、who were questioned
    • D、question

    正确答案:C

  • 第19题:

    The Maori believe that their ancestors,and all living things in the world,were descended from()

    • A、the sky
    • B、the land
    • C、the God
    • D、the gods

    正确答案:D

  • 第20题:

    单选题
    Which of the following peoples were the ancestors of the Welsh?
    A

    The Celts.

    B

    The Romans.

    C

    The Danes.

    D

    The Anglo-Saxons.


    正确答案: B
    解析:
    英国威尔士人的祖先为凯尔特人;盎格鲁撒克逊人是英格兰人的祖先。

  • 第21题:

    问答题
    A Nation of Immigrants Composed Mainly of the White People  The United States of America has long been known as a nation of immigrants and a “melting pot”, because the great majority of its people are immigrants and descendants of settlers who came from all over the world to make their homes in the new land, seeking their dream in America. The  first immigrants in American history came from England and the Netherlands. Now the descendants of European immigrants make up 80.3% of the American population of about 250 million.  English colonization in North America in the sixteenth century repeatedly failed. It was not until 1607 that the first English permanent settlement in America was establish. The first wave of colonizing activity, which began in 1606 and lasted until 1637, planted three groups of English colonies: Virginia and Maryland on the Chesapeake, the Puritan commonwealths of New England, and the British West Indies, and also the Dutch colony of New Netherlands, which became New York. Some other European countries also established their colonies along North America’s Atlantic coastline. In 1713, the population of the twelve continental colonies was nearly 360,000, a fourfold increase. Quite a lot of them were German and Scots-Irish. Discontented Germans came to English America because the German states had no overseas possessions, and no colonies except those of the English would admit foreigners. Most Germans entered America at Philadelphia, whence they spread out fanwise into the back-country and became the most prosperous farmers in North America. The English-speaking Scots-Irish came from Ulster. They were largely descendents of the Scots who had colonized Northern Ireland when the English were first setting Virginia. After 1713 the pressure of the native Catholic Irish and the restrictive legislation of the British. Parliament forced them to emigrate in drove. As land was dear in the eastern colonies, these fighting Celts drifted to the frontier. A considerable number of southern Irish, mostly Protestants but including Catholic families came at the same time. They were mostly men of property who invested in land and remained in the older-settled regions.  Britain gradually established its dominance over North America’s Atlantic coast. It successfully planted 13 colonies by edging out other colonial powers and by driving off the native Indians. Though the first English permanent settlement in America was established in Jamestown in1607, modem America was established in Jamestown in 1607, modem Americans choose to look back to the Pilgrim Father, a group of Puritans who came from England in 1620 for a symbol of the origin of their new country. They were followed by other Englishmen. They were generally known as the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASP), who played the leading role in winning America’s independence. Their mother tongue, English, became the official language of the new nation. Today about 33% of Americans are of British origin. They control most of the national wealth and political power. The other white Americans, whose forefathers were from other European countries, are not so influential as the WASPs. All these white European immigrants and their descendants together constitute the majority of the American population.  After the American Civil War, a large number of the “new immigrations” came to the United States of America. Even during the Civil War some 800,000 immigrants had entered the United States, and in the ten years after the ending of the war, some 3.25 million immigrants flooded into the cities and the farms of the North and the West. In the single generation from 1880 to 1910 a tidal wave of immigration spilled almost 18 million persons on American shores. Unlike the old immigrations, who were “pushed out” of West Europe by religious persecution or impoverishment, the new immigrations were “pulled to” the United States by the prospect of good jobs and happy life. Most of them were unskilled. The large influx of the new immigrations resulted in the adoption of the Immigration Quota Law by the American government.  A lot of Chinese coolies were brought into America after the discovery of gold in California. and for the construction of the Central Pacific Railroad. The Chinese-Americans made a great contribution to the development of the American West. But, Chinese-Americans and other Asian-Americans never constitute a majority of the American population. The United States has always been a nation of immigrants composed mainly of the white people.  Immigrants from different nations all over the world joined together to make one nation, the American. They speak almost the same kind of English with far less class or regional variety than in Great Britain. They have the same way of life, similar habits and manners. They have established a new universal national culture. With only a few exceptions, the national origins have well been mixed. In this sense, the United States of America has been known as a “melting pot”.

    正确答案: 【参考译文】
    白人为主的移民国家 一直以来,美利坚合众国就以移民国家而著称,被称之为“民族大熔炉”。其人口组成的绝大部分是移民,那些移居者怀揣着梦想,从世界各地来到这片新大陆上,并在此生息繁衍。美国历史上的第一批移民来自英国和荷兰。现在,在美国大约2亿5,000万的总人口中,欧洲移民的后裔占到了80.3%。
    16世纪时,英国在北美洲的殖民行动屡遭挫败,直到1607年才建立起第一个永久居留地。1606年至l637年间掀起的第一次殖民活动浪潮产生了3个英国殖民地,它们分别是位于切萨皮克湾一带的弗吉尼亚和马里兰,位于新英格兰地区的英国清教徒社区还有英属西印度群岛。荷兰人在新尼德兰建立了殖民地,也就是后来的纽约市。其他欧洲国家也在北美的大西洋沿岸一带建立了自己的殖民地。1713年,22个大陆殖民地的总人口接近36万;到1760年,加上佐治亚地区,殖民地人口达到160万,增加了将近4倍。其中,德国和苏格兰—爱尔兰人占据了较大比例。因为德国没有海外殖民地,而且只有英属殖民地允许外国人进入,所以很多不满于本国现状的德国人来到了北美。他们大多从费城进入美洲,随后便伞状扩散开来,进入边远地区并成为北美最富裕的农场主。那些讲英语的苏格兰—爱尔兰人来自北爱尔兰,他们主要是苏格兰人的后裔。当英格兰在弗吉尼亚落户时,他们的祖先也移居到北爱尔兰。1713年后,由于受到当地信仰天主教的爱尔兰人的迫害和英国议会的限制性立法的影响,他们被迫移居国外。因为当时美国东部殖民地的土地价格较高,所以这些极富斗争性的凯尔特人漂泊到了边境。大批的南方爱尔兰人——其中大部分是新教徒,也有天主教家庭——同期也来到了美洲。他们大部分都是有产者,纷纷购置田地,如今仍然居住在这些早期定居地上。
    英格兰逐步确立了对北美大西洋沿岸的统治地位。它排挤掉其他殖民强国、驱赶走本地印第安居民,成功建立了13个殖民地。尽管1607年英格兰人就在詹姆士城建立了美洲的第一个永久定居地,但现今的美国人仍然以“清教徒先驱”——那些于l620年从英格兰来的清教徒——作为他们国家起源的象征。随后,其他的英格兰人接踵而至。这些被称作盎格鲁—撒克逊新教徒的人在美国赢得独立的过程中发挥了极重要的作用。他们的母语——英语也成为这个新生国家的官方语言。如今,约有33%的美国人拥有英国血统。他们掌握了这个国家大部分的财富和政治权力。来自欧洲其他国家的移民后裔远不如他们的影响力大。这些欧洲白种移民和他们的后代共同构成了美国人口的大多数。
    内战过后,大批的“新移民”来到美国。内战期间就有约80万移民进入了美国,内战后的10年中,约325万移民潮涌入美国北部和西部的城镇与农场。l880年到1910年间,移民大潮将多达1,800万的移民席卷至美国海岸。与老一代移民不同的是,这些新移民不是因为受到宗教迫害或是因为贫困而离开西欧的,他们或是被称心的工作机会吸引、或是出于对于幸福生活的期盼而来到这里。他们大多没有什么技术专长。新移民的大量涌入致使美国政府颁布了移民分配法来对他们进行调控。
    在加利福尼亚发现金矿后,为满足中央太平洋铁路建筑之需,大批的中国苦力来到了美国。华裔人士对美国西部的发展做出了巨大贡献。但是与其他亚裔美国人一样,美籍华人从来没有成为美国人口的大多数。美国一直是以白种人为主体的移民国家。
    来自世界各地不同国家的移民组合在一起形成了美国人。他们说着同样的英语,在很大程度上减少了大布列颠曾经存在的阶层和宗教差异。他们有着相同的生活方式、类似的生活习惯和行为方式。他们已经建立起一种新的全民文化。除少数例外者外,不同的民族起源已经融合在一起。这也是美国以“民族大熔炉”而著称的原因所在。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第22题:

    问答题
    Early in the seventeenth century English settlers brought the English language within the borders of the present United States. In using the language in this new environment they began immediately and necessarily to modify it. As time passed more colonists came and the settled areas along the Atlantic coast became larger. Modifications in the English brought from the homeland multiplied. For a long time neither the users of this changed form of English nor those who remained in England paid particular attention to what was happening to the language here. Those in England who first noticed the changes viewed the matter with easy tolerance. But in time, because of circumstances unnecessary to detail here, this attitude changed to one of alarm and criticism. Those in this country of sufficient education and culture to know or care about this linguistic matter were divided in their thinking. Some were disposed to agree with their overseas critics and to counsel stricter adherence to orthodox use of the language; others were of a decidedly contrary view.

    正确答案:
    17世纪初,英国移民将英语带入今天的美利坚合众国境内。在新环境中使用英语时,他们不得不立刻开始改变这种语言。随着时光的流逝,越来越多的殖民者来到这里,沿大西洋海岸建立起来的移民区逐渐扩大。从英国带来的英语在这里发生了很大的变化。然而,在相当长的一段时间里,无论是使用这种变化了的英语的人,还是留在英国本土的人,对英语在这块新大陆上正在发生的变化都没有给予特别的注意。在英国,最早注意到这种变化的人对这一现象采取了一种较为宽容的态度。但是经过一段时间以后,由于一些无须在此详述的情况,人们开始对这种变化感到恐慌,并采取批评的态度。在美国,受到良好教育、文化素质又高因而能了解或关注这种语言变化的人在观点上产生分歧:一些人愿意接受海外批评家的意见,主张更严格地遵循英语语言传统的用法;而另一些人则持完全相反的态度。
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第23题:

    单选题
    Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?()
    A

    The Anglo-Saxons.

    B

    The Normans.

    C

    The Vikings.

    D

    The Romans


    正确答案: D
    解析: 暂无解析