The area between（）and（）is now often referred to as the"Silicon Glen".A、London/South WalesB、the Oxford/the CambridgeC、London/the CambridgeD、Glasgow/Edinburgh

The city of London, ______ repeatedly between 1940 and 1941, lost many of its famous churches.

______ .yesterday, you would have met Professor Jones. But now he has left for London.

The area between（）and（）is now often referred to as the"Silicon Glen".

Passage 3　　The message in London’s singles flat market is clear if you can find anything you like then buy now, Dixie Nichols writes.　　London is seeing “a vibrant and wealthy singles flat market” according to David Salvi of the Clerkenwell agents Hurford, Salvi and Carr. The middle market flat agents Douglas & Gordon and Chestertons both say prices in the sector are up 20 per cent on a year ago, both say this sector has improved by 20 per cent in the past 12 months, and both have a backlog of buyers.　　Melissa Carter, of Douglas & Gordon’s Battersea office, says: “What was a good offer two months ago looks about right now the deals are holding and valuers (who had been acting as a brake) are now prepared to follow.”　　Buyers in the singles market come wielding big deposits (up to a third of the price is not unusual), and frequently leapfrog the studio and one-bed flats starting in at two beds. Often the second bed is let to a friend to take the sting out of the mortgage.　　Although agents complain of there not being enough stock, there is a steady influx from the commercial block conversions. The new wave of developments is hitting the market now.　　The market is hungry and snaps up anything well priced. The Ziggurat Building in Clerkenwell, north London, sold all 34 units in its first phase within an hour of opening its doors, but the price was exceptional—￡140 a sq ft when most schemes hover at 2200 to 2250.　　The developers’ headline price may not have shot up in the past year but the amount of space you get for your money has been shaved. When Sapcote’s Beauchamp Building in Hatton Garden, central London was introduced last September, the shell sizes of 1, 200 to 1, 400 sq ft were said to be far too small. When launched in January the market was impressed by their size.　　London fiat agents have no problem in forecasting a 10 per cent rise over the next 12 months despite election wobbles.It may be better than that. . Simon Agace of Winkworth says: “The top of the flat market has already followed the house market’s summer spring and the middle range will follow.”　　1. What is implied in the message “If you can find anything you like then buy now”?　　2. Why do buyers often choose the two-bed flats?　　3. What does the example of “Sapcote’s Beauchamp Building in Hatton Gardon, central London” tell us?

Practice 11　　If you ask an Englishman about the Press in his country, he will almost certainly begin talking about the morning daily and Sunday “national newspapers”, all of which now have their head offices in London. Later, almost as an afterthought, he may go to talk about the provincial morning dailies, the London and provincial evening papers, and finally the weekly local papers. The dominating position of the national daily morning papers is due to the smallness of the country, with every large town in England and Wales able to be reached by train in less than five hours from London.  A paper printed in London around midnight can be at any breakfast table in England the next morning, except in remote country districts. All over the country, most people read the same newspapers and the dominant position of the London papers may reflect a lack of regional identity. The national dailies are generally classed as either “quality” (The Times, the Guardian and the Daily Telegraph) or “popular”.

Passage 3Cleaning up the Thames　　A  The River Thames, which was biologically “dead” as recently as the 1960s, is now the cleanest metropolitan river in the world, according to the Thames Water Company. The company says that thanks to major investment in better sewage treatment in London and the Thames Valley, the river that flows through the United Kingdom capital and the Thames Estuary into the North Sea is cleaner now than it has been for 130 years. The Fisheries Department, who are responsible for monitoring fish levels in the River Thames, has reported that the river has again become the home to 115 species of fish including sea bass, flounder, salmon, smelt, and shad. Recently, a porpoise was spotted cavorting in the river near central London.　　B  But things were not always so rosy. In the 1950s, sewer outflows and industrial effluent had killed the river. It was starved of oxygen and could no longer support aquatic life. Until the early 1970s, if you fell into the Thames you would have had to be rushed to hospital to get your stomach pumped. A clean-up operation began in the 1960s. Several Parliamentary Committees and Royal Commissions were set up, and, over time, legislation has been introduced that put the onus on polluters-effluent-producing premises and businesses-to dispose of waste responsibly. In 1964 the Greater London Council (GLC) began work on greatly enlarged sewage works, which were completed in 1974.　　C  The Thames clean up is not over though. It is still going on, and it involves many disparate arms of government and a wide range of non-government stakeholder groups, all representing a necessary aspect of the task. In London’s case, the urban and non-urban London boroughs that flank the river’s course each has its own reasons for keeping “their” river nice. And if their own reasons do not hold out a sufficiently attractive carrot, the government also wields a compelling stick. The 2,000 Local Government Act requires each local borough to “prepare a community strategy for promoting or improving the economic, social and environmental well-being of their area”. And if your area includes a stretch of river, that means a sustainable river development strategy.　　D  Further legislation aimed at improving and sustaining the river’s viability has been proposed. There is now legislation that protects the River Thames, either specifically or as part of a general environmental clause, in the Local Government Act, the London Acts, and the law that created the post of the mayor of London. And these are only the tip of an iceberg that includes industrial, public health and environmental protection regulations. The result is a wide range of bodies officially charged, in one way or another, with maintaining the Thames as a public amenity. For example, Transport for London—the agency responsible for transport in the capital—plays a role in regulating river use and river users. They now are responsible for controlling the effluents and rubbish coming from craft using the Thames. This is done by officers on official vessels regularly inspect fling craft and doing spot checks. Another example is how Thames Water (TW) has now been charged to reduce the amount of litter that finds its way into the tidal river and its tributaries. TW’s environment and quality manager, Dr. Peter Spillett, said: “This project will build on our investment which has dramatically improved the water quality of the river. London should not be spoiled by litter which belongs in the bin not the river.” Thousands of tons of rubbish end up in the river each year, from badly stored waste, people throwing litter off boats, and rubbish in the street being blown or washed into the river. Once litter hits the water it becomes too heavy to be blown away again and therefore the rivers act as a sink in the system. While the Port of London already collects up to 3,000 tons of solid waste from the tideway every year, Thames Water now plans to introduce a new device to capture more rubbish floating down the river. It consists of a huge cage that sits in the flow of water and gathers the passing rubbish. Moored just offshore in front of the Royal Naval College at Greenwich, south-east London, the device is expected to capture up to 20 tons of floating litter each year. If washed out to sea, this rubbish can kill marine mammals, fish and birds. This machine, known as the Rubbish Muncher, is hoped to be the first of many, as the TW is now looking for sponsors to pay for more cages elsewhere along the Thames.　　E  Monitoring of the cleanliness of the River Thames in the past was the responsibility of a welter of agencies-British Waterways, Port of London Authority, the Environment Agency, the Health and Safety Commission, Thames Water—as well as academic departments and national and local environment groups. If something was not right, someone was bound to call foul and hold somebody to account, whether it was the local authority, an individual polluter or any of the many public and private sector bodies that bore a share of the responsibility for maintaining the River Thames as a public amenity. Although they will all still have their part to play, there is now a central department in the Environment Agency, which has the remit of monitoring the Thames. This centralization of accountability will, it is hoped, lead to more efficient control and enforcement.　　Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?　　In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet, write　　YES　　　　　　　　if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer　　NO　　　　　　　　 if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer　　NOT GIVEN　　　　　if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this　　1. The Thames is now cleaner than it was in 1900.　　2. Swimming in the Thames now poses no health hazards.　　3. It is now mainly the responsibility of those who pollute the Thames to clean their waste up.　　4. All local London boroughs are now partly responsible for keeping the Thames clean.　　5. Transport for London now employs a type of River Police to enforce control of their regulations.　　6. Rubbish Munchers are now situated at various locations on the Thames.　　7. Previously no one department had overall responsibility or control for monitoring the cleanliness of the Thames.　　8. British Waterways will no longer have any part in keeping the Thames clean.

Greater London is made up of 12 （）London boroughs and （）Outer London boroughs.

Which current would you encounter on a direct passage from London，England，to Capetown，South Africa（）.