Expenditure incurred by the parties to the adventure on account of salvage，whether under contract or otherwise，shall be allowed in general average to the extent ______ the salvage operations were undertaken for the purpose of preserving from peril the pro

The Shipowner cannot claim contribution from ______ if，after general average expenditure has been incurred，the ship and cargo are lost before the conclusion of the voyage．

A.the Charterers

B.the carriers

C.the cargo owners

D.the persons of the property damaged

There is a ______ act when，and only when，any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril the property involved in a common maritime adventure．

A.general average

B.particular average

C.total loss

D.partial loss

Which statement about general average is TRUE ________．

A.Damage to a ship must have been incurred while the ship and/or its machinery was being used for its intended purpose

B.Property must have been sacrificed or an expenditure of money incurred

C.The loss or damage to deck cargo due to heavy weather constitutes general average

D.Of the ship，the freight，and the cargo interests，only one need be involved

All fumigations required because of cargoes carried or ports visited are to be under _______ account．

A.Owners'

B.Consigners'

C.Consignees'

D.Charterers'

材料：

When expenses are incurred the liability under this insurance shall not exceed the proportion of such expenses that the amount insured hereunder bears to the value of the Vessel as stated herein，or to the sound value of the Vessel at the time of the occurrence giving rise to the expenditure if the sound value exceeds that value．Where the Underwriters have admitted a claim for total loss and property insured by this insurance is saved，the foregoing provisions shall not apply unless the expenses of suing and labouring exceed the value of such property saved and then shall apply only to the amount of the expenses which is in excess of such value．

When a claim for total loss of the Vessel is admitted under this insurance and expenses have been reasonably incurred in saving or attempting to save the Vessel and other property and there are no proceeds，or the expenses exceed the proceeds，then this insurance shall bear its pro rata share of such proportion of the expenses，or of the expenses in excess of the proceeds，as the case may be，as may reasonably be regarded as having been incurred in respect of the Vessel，but if the Vessel be insured for less than its sound value at the time of the occurrence giving rise to the expenditure，the amount recoverable under this clause shall be reduced in proportion to the under-insurance．

问题：

Of the following，_______ only is correct．

A.The stated value of the vessel is always higher than its ensured value

B.The sound value of the vessel at the time of the occurrence is always higher than its ensured value

C.The sound value of the vessel at the time of the occurrence is always higher than its stated value

D.The sound value of the vessel at the time of the occurrence is always higher than its saved value

Assuming the sound value of the vessel at the time of accident is $10 millions，the insured value $9 millions，the stated value $8 millions，the expense incurred $2 millions，the liability under this insurance is likely to be _______．A.$2.0 millions

B.$1.8 millions

C.$1.6 millions

D.$1.4 millions

Under afore-said conditions，assuming the expense of suing and labouring is $3 millions，the proceeds $2 million，and the Underwriter has admitted a claim for total loss，the liability under this insurance is likely to be _______．A.$0.9 million

B.$0.8 million

C.$1.0 million

D.$2.0 millions

Under previous conditions，assuming the saved value is $1 million，the expense of suing and labouring $3 millions，and the Underwriter has admitted a claim for total loss，the liability under this insurance is likely to be _______．A.$2.0 millions

B.$1.8 millions

C.$1.6 millions

D.$1.4 millions

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

A capital expenditure results in a debit to ( )

A. an expense account

B. a capital account

C. a liability account

D. an asset account

A salvor may be _______ the whole or part of the payment due under Salvage Convention to the extent that the salvage operations have become necessary or more difficult because of fault or neglect on his part or if the salvor has been guilty of fraud or other dishonest conduct．

A.granted of

B.deprived of

C.awarded of

D.taken away

There is a ______ when one or more vessels are towing or pushing another vessel or vessels，provided that they are all involved in commercial activities and not in a salvage operation．

A.private safety

B.private maritime adventure

C.common safety

D.common maritime adventure

All loss of time and expenses（excluding any damage to or loss of the Vessel）_______ in saving or attempting to save life and in unsuccessful attempts at salvage shall be borne equally by Owners and Charterers．

A.Occurred

B.Happened

C.Appeared

D.Incurred

材料：

Following a general average incident，ship agents and surveyors play a significant role．A ship agent，in addition to the normal duties of port and husbandry agency，will assist the master in the aftermath of a general average incident to make a declaration which complies with the local law and custom of the port．

Once the average adjuster has confirmed that security has been obtained from all the interested parties，the agent is instructed by the ship owner to permit delivery of the cargo．If cargo has been discharged to lighten the vessel，or cargo has been transshipped to a final destination，the agent will be responsible for keeping full and complete records of all movements and expenditure attributable to the general average．

After any incident，a large number of surveyors representing various interests will descend on the vessel．Some of these surveyors will not be involved directly in the general average process．However，if it has become necessary to sacrifice or discharge a part of the cargo before arrival at the final destination stated on the bill of lading，the ship owner will appoint surveyors to report on the condition and quantity of cargo．

Such surveyors，usually called general average surveyors，will act in the interests of all the parties involved（and may also represent hull and machinery interests）．If possible，the account representing expenditure incurred should be examined and approved by the general average surveyor before settlement．

问题：

Which of the following is NOT correct as to the general average surveyors ___________．

A.They may sometimes be involved into the examination and approval of general average expenditures

B.They may sometimes be involved into the examination and approval of general average sacrifices

C.They will act in the interests of all the parties involved

D.They will look at particularly the general average matters

What does this passage imply for the shipmasters when a general average incident occurred onboard ___________．A.He can rely on greatly the general average surveyors

B.He can rely on greatly the ship agent

C.He can rely on greatly the interested parties

D.He can rely on greatly other surveyors

The ship agent mentioned in the passage behaves ______．A.for the benefit of the cargo owner

B.for the benefit of the shipowner

C.for the benefit of the salvors

D.for the benefit of the interested parties other than the above

The security required by the owner of ship and provided by relevant interested parties in general average cases is for the purpose of _______．

① contributing to the losses and damages of general average nature；

② securing all the general average contributions；

③ Securing all the payment of Sue and Labour；

④ contributing to the losses and damages of particular average nature．

A.①③④

B.①②③

C.①②

D.②③④

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！