问答题Passage 1 In the 16th and 17th centuries, two persons helped lay the foundation of modern education. Comenius, a Czech humanist, greatly influenced both educational and psycho-educational thought. He wrote texts that were based on a developmental theo
题目
问答题
Passage 1 In the 16th and 17th centuries, two persons helped lay the foundation of modern education. Comenius, a Czech humanist, greatly influenced both educational and psycho-educational thought. He wrote texts that were based on a developmental theory and in them introduced the use of visual aids in instruction. Media and instructional research, a vital part of contemporary educational psychology, has its origins in the writing and textbook design of Comenius. (1) He recommended that instruction start with the general and then move to the particular and that nothing in books be accepted unless checked by a demonstration to the senses. He taught that understanding, not memory, is the goal of instruction; that we learn best that which we have an opportunity to teach; and that parents have a role to play in the schooling of their children. The contributions of one of our many ancestors often are overlooked, yet Juan Luis Vives wrote very much as a contemporary educational psychologist might in the first part of the 16th century. (2) He stated to teachers and others with educational responsibilities, such as those in government and commerce, that there should be an orderly presentation of the facts to be learned, and in this way he anticipated Herbart and 19th-centry psychologists. He noted that what is to be learned must be practiced, and in this way he anticipated Thorndike’s Law of Exercise. He wrote on practical knowledge and the need to engage student interest, anticipating Dewey. (3) He wrote about individual differences and about the need to adjust instruction for all students, and anticipated the work of educational and school psychologists in the area of special education. He discussed the school’s role in moral growth, anticipating the work of Dewey, Piaget, Kohlberg, and Gilligan. He wrote about learning being dependent on self-activity, a precursor to contemporary research on meta-cognition, where the ways in which the self monitors its own activities are studied. Finally, (4) Vives anticipated both the contemporary motivational theorists who avoid social comparisons and those researchers who find the harmful elements of norm-referenced testing to outweigh their advantages, by writing about the need for students to be evaluated on the basis of their own past accomplishments and not in comparison with other students. (5) Thus, long before we claimed our professional identity, there were individuals thinking intelligently about what we would eventually Call educational psychology, preparing the way for the scientific study of education.
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第1题：
According to the third paragraph ,which of the following is true?
[ A] Five percent of American college students learnt Latin texts.
[ B] Students in New England learnt Latin texts in official organizations.
[ C] Students were compelled to learn modern European languages.
[ D] American college students had to learn Latin grammar by heart.
正确答案：B
60.B【精析】该题为细节题。根据第三段第三句“As recently as the last century, when less than 5% of Americans went to college at all, students in New England establishments were compelled mainly to memorize and recite various Latin texts...”我们知道，上世纪美国只有不到5%的人接受大学教育，而只有新英格兰教育机构的学生们被强迫记忆及背诵各类拉丁文课文，故A、D项错误；根据A 项的分析我们知道，新英格兰的学生在教育机构学习拉丁文课文，教育机构属于官方组织，故B项正确；根据第三段第三句“… crusty professors angrily opposed the introduction of any new scien- tific discoveries or modern European languages。”我们知道，脾气暴躁的大学教授愤怒的反对引进任何新科学发现或者现代欧洲语言，故C项错误。 -
第2题：
Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph?
［A］ Democratic ideas started with education.
［B］ Federalists were opposed to education.
［C］ New education helped confirm people’s social status.
［D］ Old education had been in tune with hierarchical society.
正确答案：D本题是推理引申题。文章第一段第一句指出，随着19世纪上半叶民主权利的扩展以及随之而来的联邦主义机构的削弱，一种新的教育观念出现了。接下来的内容主要是围绕这种新的教育观念展开论述。从第一句话中可以得知，是民主权利的扩展带来了新的教育观念的产生，［A］项颠倒了二者的先后顺序，应排除。文中提到“新”的教育观念是在联邦主义机构削弱的情况下产生的。由此只能得出，新的教育观念与联邦主义有些冲突，并不能得出联邦主义者反对整个教育即［B］项的结论。第二句作者指出，教育不再是对人们先前存在的地位的确定，而成了获得更高地位的手段。［C］项与文意相悖，因此不正确。通过该句“不再”（no longer）可以推断出，从前的教育可以确定人们的社会地位，因此［D］项为正确答案。
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第3题：
Passage One
One of the well-known of American writers is Samuel Clemens, whose pen name is Mark Twain. Bom in 1835, Twain grew up in the Mississippi River town of Hannibal, Missouri. As did many other boys of his day,
Twain dreamed of traveling on river boats and of someday becoming a riverboat pilot. Twain used his memories of the life of a river town in his two most famous books, Huckleberry Finn and Torn Sawyer.
As a young man, Twain held many jobs. He was a printer, a good miner, and, for a time, he was a riverboat pilot. During his pilot days, he adopted the name Mark Twain. This was a term used by the boatmen to mean that the water measured two fathoms, or twelve feet, which was deep enough for safe passage.
Finally Twain became a successful writer. He traveled a great deal, writing and speaking, and became very popular both in the United States and in Europe.
Twain's style. of writing was simple and direct. Among the things he wrote about were superstitious (迷信的) people and people who were easily fooled. He used his unusual gift for humor to write about many things of importance.
36. Generally speaking, this article is about______.
A. a riverboat pilot
B. a printer
C. a gold miner
D. a famous writer
正确答案：D这篇文章讲的是Mark Twain的故事，他是美国著名的作家。参见第一句。
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第4题：
There were many different cultures in the ancient world,but the two that had the most influence?on European and American civilizations were the Greek and the Roman．Often these two eultures are?lumped together in our minds,as if they were really exactly alike．But that is not the case．In many?ways the Greeks and the Romans could not have been more different．
The Greeks were truly democratic,often without a single leader but instead governed by a group?of men chosen by the people．The Romans were semi-democratic．They had a governing Senate,but?the political power was mostly or completely in the hands of a single emperor．
Both cultures were great builders．But the construction interests of the two cultures were also?different．The Greeks tended to be more artistic．Their buildings were well constructed and they were?especially interested in temples,columns,and decorative forms．The Romans,on the other hand,were more engineers than artists．They concentrated their efforts on urban planning,well-functioning?water pipes,and the best roads．
Only in cooking and eating habits are the two cultures really similar．Both peoples ate very well?indeed:lots of fish,fresh vegetables and fruits,healthy meals,holding at the same time long?discussions and tasting excellent wines．
In fact,it would probably be fair to say that they both loved life in their warm,
sea-oriented?climates,and they both lived a full life．
How are the two cultures alike?A.Both loved the sea．
B.Both lived long lives．
C.Both loved cooking．
D.Both enjoyed talking over meals．答案：D解析：【考情点拨】事实细节题。
【应试指导】文章最后两段讲了希腊人和罗马人的相似之处．根据“Both peoples ate very well indeed…excellent wines”可知，他们喜欢边吃边聊，故选D。 -
第5题：
Which statement is true about Kompella-based and Martina-based VPNs？（）
- A、Both use LDP
- B、Both use BGP
- C、Both require additional hardware.
- D、Both use a two-label stack for forwarding.
正确答案:D -
第6题：
问答题Passage 1 In the 16th and 17th centuries, two persons helped lay the foundation of modern education. Comenius, a Czech humanist, greatly influenced both educational and psycho-educational thought. He wrote texts that were based on a developmental theory and in them introduced the use of visual aids in instruction. Media and instructional research, a vital part of contemporary educational psychology, has its origins in the writing and textbook design of Comenius. (1) He recommended that instruction start with the general and then move to the particular and that nothing in books be accepted unless checked by a demonstration to the senses. He taught that understanding, not memory, is the goal of instruction; that we learn best that which we have an opportunity to teach; and that parents have a role to play in the schooling of their children. The contributions of one of our many ancestors often are overlooked, yet Juan Luis Vives wrote very much as a contemporary educational psychologist might in the first part of the 16th century. (2) He stated to teachers and others with educational responsibilities, such as those in government and commerce, that there should be an orderly presentation of the facts to be learned, and in this way he anticipated Herbart and 19th-centry psychologists. He noted that what is to be learned must be practiced, and in this way he anticipated Thorndike’s Law of Exercise. He wrote on practical knowledge and the need to engage student interest, anticipating Dewey. (3) He wrote about individual differences and about the need to adjust instruction for all students, and anticipated the work of educational and school psychologists in the area of special education. He discussed the school’s role in moral growth, anticipating the work of Dewey, Piaget, Kohlberg, and Gilligan. He wrote about learning being dependent on self-activity, a precursor to contemporary research on meta-cognition, where the ways in which the self monitors its own activities are studied. Finally, (4) Vives anticipated both the contemporary motivational theorists who avoid social comparisons and those researchers who find the harmful elements of norm-referenced testing to outweigh their advantages, by writing about the need for students to be evaluated on the basis of their own past accomplishments and not in comparison with other students. (5) Thus, long before we claimed our professional identity, there were individuals thinking intelligently about what we would eventually Call educational psychology, preparing the way for the scientific study of education.正确答案： 1. 他建议说,教育应当从一般概念开始。然后再涉及细节,而且书本知识只有在能够被人的感觉把握之后,才能真正吸收。
(本题考查的是从句的理解和准确翻译。在结构上,句子主干是He recommended…,其后的部分是两个由that引导的并列宾语从句。这两个宾语从句都比较特殊,因为从句中都省略了助动词should。第一个宾语从句含有两个并列的谓语动词:start with和move to,翻译时要注意表明其时间上的顺序。第二个宾语从句中又含有一个由unless引导的让步状语从句,要按中文习惯将从句翻译到主句之前。在词汇方面,the general和the particular不好翻译,应按照我们的习惯说法,将其翻为“一般”和“特殊”(或者“个别”)。a demonstration to the senses不太好理解,应根据上下文来确定其含义。sense在这里是指人实实在在的“感觉”,而非“意思”。)
2. 他向教师和其他一些诸如在政府和商业机构中负有教育义务的人指出,应当有序地教授所学内容。
(本题考查的是从句和插入语这一特殊表达的理解和翻译。在结构上,句子主干是He stated…that…。其中,that引导的是一个宾语从句。在这个从句之前有一个插入语such as…and commerce。事实上,其中有those一词,且government and commerce是两种机构,由此可知,它修饰的应是前面所说的others,它和with educational responsibilities都是others的后置定语。而宾语从句中的to be learned则是facts的后置定语。在词汇方面,主要是根据中文习惯准确理解和翻译there should be an orderly presentation of the facts to be leaned这个静态的there be句型。由于本文主旨是教育,因此完全可以将其意译为“有序地教授所学内容”。)
3. 他在作品中论述了个体差异以及需要根据所有学生调整教育方式,特殊教育领域内一些教育工作者和学校教育心理学家的工作正是基于这样一种思想。
(本题考查的主要是词汇的翻译。在结构上,本句由两个并列简单句构成:He wrote…and anticipated…,翻译时按照原文顺序即可。在词汇方面,wrote在此应理解为“书面论述”或“在作品中论述”。the need to adjust instruction for all students应当按照中文习惯翻译为一个动宾结构,而不宜翻译为偏正结构。anticipate在文中出现了多次,它本意为“领先”,但在本文中的基本意思是指某人倡导了某种思想并由后人加以秉承。最后,in the area…是一个介词限定结构,应根据中文习惯将其翻译成定语。)
4. Vives是当代研究学习动机的理论家和研究测试的学者——前者提出,学习者应当避免在社会层面进行比较,而后者则认为建立在规范内容基础之上的测试往往弊大于利——的先驱。
(本题考查的是both…and…这个表达、定语从句以及词汇的理解和翻译。在结构上,句子主干是Vives anticipated…,而both…and…引导的是两个并列宾语。两个宾语中都含有一个由who引导的定语从句。在词汇方面,contemporary意为“当代的,现代的”。motivational theorist意为“动机理论家/者”,即研究学习动机的理论家。the harmful elements本意为“有害因素”,此处可根据其与后文中advantages之间的对立关系将其译为“缺点”或“不足”。norm-referenced意为“建立在规范基础上的”。)
5. 因此,在我们宣称自己是研究教育心理的专家之前,早就有一些人睿智地思考过我们最终会称之为教育心理学的学科,铺下了用科学方法研究教育的道路。
(本题主要考查从句、动词的非谓语形式以及词汇的理解和翻译。在结构上,句子主干是there were individuals,其前的long before…为时间状语从句,而其后的两个ing形式中,thinking…是individuals的分词后置定语,而preparing…则是一个表结果的分词状语。在分词后置定语中,又含有一个由what引导的宾语从句。在词汇上,long before意为“很早以前”。we claimed our professional identity意为“我们认为自己很专业”。prepare the way for意为“为…铺下道路,为…打下基础”。)解析： 暂无解析 -
第7题：
单选题According to the third paragraph, which of the following is true?AFive percent of American college students learnt Latin texts,
BStudents in New England learnt Latin texts in official organizations.
CStudents were compelled to learn modern European languages.
DAmerican college students had to learn Latin grammar by heart.
正确答案： A解析：
细节题。由该段第三句可知，近至上个世纪，当美国上大学的人总共还不到5％时，新英格兰教育机构里的学生却在被迫着主要记忆和背诵各种拉丁文本，那些顽固的教授愤怒地反对引进任何新的科学发现或现代欧洲语言。B项中的official organizations是该句中establishments的改写，与原文相符，为正确答案。 -
第8题：
问答题Directions： Please write an essay in 160-200 words entitled “Where To Study—Go Abroad or Stay in China?” based on the following outline （1）Two opposite views. （2）Advantages and disadvantages of both. （3）Your preference.正确答案：
Where To study—Go Abroad or Stay in China Various people may hold absolutely opposite views on whether students should study in China or abroad. Some people insist that ambitious students should study in China because many returned overseas graduates only found their knowledge not available in China. Viewing the same matter from another angle, others may think students studied abroad are more likely to succeed.
Those with the former idea may indicate graduates from civil universities are more familiar with the situation of China. People holding the latter idea base their theory primarily on the fact overseas graduates have a broader view and more open mind. Over the raging dispute regarding study abroad versus study in China, some people oppose studying abroad because they think most overseas graduated have difficulties in adapting to situations back in China. One objection is civil graduates seldom have new ideas to cope with China’s affairs.
As for me, I prefer to study abroad. It goes without saying that comparing with the education in developed countries our education is still backward. Further more, overseas students may have conditions to keep an eye over the changes in China when they study abroad. Finally, the truth is that overseas graduates are preferred by more enterprises in China. All these lead to a conclusion that students have more chances to succeed if they have studied abroad解析：
这是一篇对比选择型作文。第一段引入主题，陈述两种对立的观点；第二段可以采用两种写法，一种写法是论述完一种观点的所有优缺点后再论述另一种，另一种写法是把二者放在一起逐条进行对比，这篇作文采取后者表达效果可能会更好；第三段表明作者的观点。注意写作时可以使用一些对比选择性的词语，如：opposite views，some people. .others. .，the former/latter idea，oppose，object等。
【闪光词汇】
base. .on. .使建立在…基础上
raging adj. 猛烈的
versus prep.（表示两队或双方）对
It goes without saying that. .不用说；不待说 -
第9题：
单选题It is suggested in first two paragraphs that _____.ASteve Jobs didn’t attend college at all
BSteve Jobs failed because of his decision
Cthe author once discussed life with Jobs
DJobs’ speech influenced the author greatly
正确答案： C解析：
从文章第二段首句“When I hear Jobs discuss his life as a student, some of my fears were eased.”可推知D项为正确答案，乔布斯的演讲中讲到的他本人的学生生活，使作者缓解了害怕情绪，给了作者很大的影响。 -
第10题：
问答题He was healthy and strong, but he had very little formal education.正确答案：解析： -
第11题：
填空题When Lu Yu was a child, he was greatly influenced by the Buddhist philosophy.____正确答案： B解析：
由题干的“Lu Yu”和“influenced by”定位到B段的最后两句。文中提到，Lu Yu的作品明显地表现出Zen Buddhist的哲理，说明佛教对他的影响是巨大的，故匹配段落为B段。 -
第12题：
单选题While he was not dumber than an ox, he was not any smarter; so most of his classmates were lenient and helped him along.Ahelpful
Bmerciful
Centhusiastic
Dintelligent
正确答案： A解析：
句意：虽然他不是笨如牛，但也绝对不聪明。所以他的很多同学都是友爱无私的，他们帮助他共同前进。lenient仁慈的，宽大的。merciful仁慈的，慈悲的。helpful有帮助的，有益的。enthusiastic热心的，热情的。intelligent聪明的。 -
第13题：
This passage implies that ______.
A) buying a false degree is not moral
B) personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools
C) most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school
D) society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications
正确答案：D
答案：D
[试题分析]事实理解题。
[详细解答]作者谈论文章中的问题时，并未对欺骗者作过多的谴责，而是着重写了此问题产生的社会根源，显然其用意就是说明社会更应对此问题负责。因此，D应为正确答案。
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第14题：
Which of the following is true according to the passage?
[A] Flu vaccines now mainly use egg-based technology.
[B] A bird influenza has once circulated among humans.
[C] Safety can be greatly improved with cell-culture vaccines.
[D] Modern vaccine production methods are to replace egg-based methods.
正确答案：A
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第15题：
There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence． The first is the sort of brain he is born with． Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others． But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn． So the second factor is what happens to the individual--the sort of environment in which he is brought up． If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable．
Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintelligencecanbe?
demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark． Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same． When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes． Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities． Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college． He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually． This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence． Mark's LQ． was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother． Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level．
?The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that__________．A.human brains differ considerably
B.the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence
C.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligence
D.persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence答案：C解析：能够体现主旨的最好论述是C项，即环境在决定一个人智力高低上面起关键性作用。 -
第16题：
There were many different cultures in the ancient world,but the two that had the most influence?on European and American civilizations were the Greek and the Roman．Often these two eultures are?lumped together in our minds,as if they were really exactly alike．But that is not the case．In many?ways the Greeks and the Romans could not have been more different．
The Greeks were truly democratic,often without a single leader but instead governed by a group?of men chosen by the people．The Romans were semi-democratic．They had a governing Senate,but?the political power was mostly or completely in the hands of a single emperor．
Both cultures were great builders．But the construction interests of the two cultures were also?different．The Greeks tended to be more artistic．Their buildings were well constructed and they were?especially interested in temples,columns,and decorative forms．The Romans,on the other hand,were more engineers than artists．They concentrated their efforts on urban planning,well-functioning?water pipes,and the best roads．
Only in cooking and eating habits are the two cultures really similar．Both peoples ate very well?indeed:lots of fish,fresh vegetables and fruits,healthy meals,holding at the same time long?discussions and tasting excellent wines．
In fact,it would probably be fair to say that they both loved life in their warm,
sea-oriented?climates,and they both lived a full life．
What is the first paragraph about?A.The Greek and the Roman were similar．
B.People misunderstood European civilization．
C.Greek civilization was quite different from Roman civilization．
D.European civilization influenced American civilization greatly．答案：C解析：【考情点拨】主旨大意题。
【应试指导】文章第一段首先说人们将希腊和罗马文化混为一谈是错误的，最后一句又强调了两者是非常不同的。所以本段主要讲的是希腊文化和罗马文化两者有巨大差异，故选C。 -
第17题：
Which two are characteristics of both Kompella and Martini-based VPNs? （）
- A、label stacking
- B、auto-provisioning
- C、circuit status vector
- D、Martini Encapsulation
- E、LDP-based control plane
正确答案:A,D -
第18题：
单选题The speaker calls music and literature “the two temporal arts” because they ______.Aare not lasting
Bare both used in temples
Care both based on antithesis
Ddepend on time pattern
正确答案： B解析：
语义的理解和判断。从题干中the two temporal arts定位到录音中的“Music and literature, the two temporal arts, contrive their pattern of sound in time”，可知想要创造出音乐和文学，就需构思声音在时间上的体现形式。接着录音中对其进行进一步解释，“or, in other words, of sounds and pauses”（或者，换句话说就是声音和其停顿）。由此可知，选项D的内容与之表达内容相符。 -
第19题：
单选题请阅读 Passage 1,完成第 21~25小题。Passage 1Every year, the Nobel Prize is given to outstanding work in six fields: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, economics, and work in peace.These prizes are named after Alfred Nobel, who asked for the Nobel Foundation to be made in his will.He was an inventor and businessman.Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden in 1883.His father, Immanuel Nobel has periods of success building bridges and periods of not making any money.Immanuel sent Alfred to study chemistry in Paris.Alfred met Ascanio Sobrero, who found the liquid nitroglycerine, a liquid that explodes very easily.Alfred thought about making use of nitroglycerine in the construction of bridges and tunnels.An accident happened during the experiment with the liquid, causing an explosion, which killed and injured several people, including his brother.He continued looking for ways to make this liquid not explode so easily.Nobel was successful in finding a safe way to store the liquid and in 1864 began producing huge amounts of it.He found that mixing it with kind of sand would turn the liquid into a paste.He then wanted to shape the paste into rods that would make it easy to blow up rock when building a tunnel.In 1867, he patented the material as dynamite.This patent greatly reduced the costs of blasting rock and drilling tunnels.As a businessman, Nobel set up laboratories that made dynamite in 90 locations in more than 20 countries.Although dynamite was useful in construction, many people used it as a weapon in war. At age 43, the wealthy and lonely businessman put an ad in the newspaper for a secretary though he was really looking for a wife.Bertha Kinsky worked as his secretary for a short time, but married another man and became Bertha von Suttner.Bertha and Alfred remained friends and wrote letters many years later.She most likely influenced him to strive for peace.She published a novel “Lay Down Your Arms!” in 1889 and became a leading figure in the peace movement.For these reasons, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1905.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?AThe construction of bridges and tunnels became much more expensive.
BThe original objective of dynamite was to help the Russian navy.
CMany people used nitroglycerine as a weapon in war.
DAlfred Nobel gave away prizes to specialists in six categories.
正确答案： D解析： -
第20题：
多选题Which two are characteristics of both Kompella and Martini-based VPNs? （）Alabel stacking
Bauto-provisioning
Ccircuit status vector
DMartini Encapsulation
ELDP-based control plane
正确答案： A,C解析： 暂无解析 -
第21题：
单选题The main idea of this passage is ______.Ahow to distinguish people’s faces
Bhow to describe people’s personality
Chow to distinguish people both inwardly and outwardly
Dhow to tell good persons from bad persons without wearing masks
正确答案： D解析：
主旨题。答案出处为第一段、第二段及最后一段。C项中的inwardly和outwardly 与原文中提出的face和personality相对应。A和B两项只提及了文章的一个方面，而D项仅提及如何区分好人与坏人，与文章大意不符。 -
第22题：
单选题请阅读 Passage 1,完成第 21~25小题。Passage 1Every year, the Nobel Prize is given to outstanding work in six fields: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, economics, and work in peace.These prizes are named after Alfred Nobel, who asked for the Nobel Foundation to be made in his will.He was an inventor and businessman.Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden in 1883.His father, Immanuel Nobel has periods of success building bridges and periods of not making any money.Immanuel sent Alfred to study chemistry in Paris.Alfred met Ascanio Sobrero, who found the liquid nitroglycerine, a liquid that explodes very easily.Alfred thought about making use of nitroglycerine in the construction of bridges and tunnels.An accident happened during the experiment with the liquid, causing an explosion, which killed and injured several people, including his brother.He continued looking for ways to make this liquid not explode so easily.Nobel was successful in finding a safe way to store the liquid and in 1864 began producing huge amounts of it.He found that mixing it with kind of sand would turn the liquid into a paste.He then wanted to shape the paste into rods that would make it easy to blow up rock when building a tunnel.In 1867, he patented the material as dynamite.This patent greatly reduced the costs of blasting rock and drilling tunnels.As a businessman, Nobel set up laboratories that made dynamite in 90 locations in more than 20 countries.Although dynamite was useful in construction, many people used it as a weapon in war. At age 43, the wealthy and lonely businessman put an ad in the newspaper for a secretary though he was really looking for a wife.Bertha Kinsky worked as his secretary for a short time, but married another man and became Bertha von Suttner.Bertha and Alfred remained friends and wrote letters many years later.She most likely influenced him to strive for peace.She published a novel “Lay Down Your Arms!” in 1889 and became a leading figure in the peace movement.For these reasons, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1905.Why was Bertha von Suttner awarded the 1905 Nobel Peace Prize?AShe encouraged the Nobel family to make as many patents as possible.
BShe effected change in Nobel's policy and had protests against war.
CShe helped Alfred Nobel with many of his inventions.
DShe was influential in the building of many laboratories in 90 countries.
正确答案： A解析： -
第23题：
问答题He wrote 2,000 words a day and he required complete quiet while he wrote.正确答案：解析： -
第24题：
单选题AThey helped to enrich American language.
BThey are the largest ethnic group in the USA.
CHalf a million Germans were in the USA during the American Revolution.
DThe commanders-in-chief in both world wars were of German ancestry.
正确答案： B解析：
[考点]细节题。录音明确提到两次世界大战的总司令都是德国后裔，D项正确。