单选题______A dependsB decidesC defiesD defenses

题目
单选题
______
A

depends

B

decides

C

defies

D

defenses


相似考题
参考答案和解析
正确答案: D
解析:
短语搭配题。填入的词要与on搭配:depend on“取决于……”;decide on“对…作出决定”;defy“反抗,挑衅”,多用作及物动词;defense“防守,防卫”,也是及物动词。结合句意“地震的破坏程度____很多因素”可知,A最符合文意。
更多“单选题______A dependsB decidesC defiesD defenses”相关问题
  • 第1题:

    --Are you going to Tom’s birthday party?
    —__________.I might have to work.

    A.It depends
    B.Thank you
    C.Sound great
    D.Don't mention it

    答案:A
    解析:
    句意为你去参加汤姆的生日聚会吗 视情况而定。我可能得工作。It depends意为“视情况而定”,符合语境。

  • 第2题:

    共用题干
    Exercise
    Whether or not exercise adds___1___the length of life,it is common experience that a certain___2___of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of wellbeing.
    Furthermore,exercise___3___involves play and recreation,and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing,is not only pleasant but beneficial. How much and what kind of exercise one should___4___merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports.They fatigue to the___5___of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with___6___of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is___7___vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question___8___to answer. Individual variability is___9___ great to permit of generalization.
    A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The safe limit for exercise___10___ on the condition of the heart,the condition of the muscles,the type of exercise,and the regularity with which it is taken.Two general suggestions,however,will___11___ as sound advice for anyone.The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be___12___ periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The___13___is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.
    What type of exercise one should___14___depends upon one's physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports,but most older persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking,swimming,skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate___15___throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.

    10._________
    A: depends
    B: bases
    C: acts
    D: carries

    答案:A
    解析:
    在四个选项中,add只可以与to搭配,意为“增加”,正符合上下文的意思。
    在四个选项中,A和B显然不符合逻辑,可供考虑的只有C和D。需要考虑的是,exercise这个词,如果作为“体育锻炼”讲是不可数名词,只有作为“一项运动”讲时才是可数名词,根据上下文意思,exercise也不是用来强调体育项目的(没有用复数),而amount与不可数名词连用,number则须与可数名词连用,故应选C。
    从语法上分析,主句主语exercise的谓语应该是is not only pleasant but beneficial,中间显然应该是一个定语从句,定语从句所缺少的是主语,故应选A,
    从语法上分析,one should+动词应该是前面那个主语的定语从句,只是定语从句的宾语which/that被省略了,而四个选项中只有take可与exercise搭配,故应选D。
    point,既可表达时间(“时刻”)或空间(“地点”)也可表达“程度”的意思,to the point of“达到……的地步/程度”,符合上下文要求。所以答案为A。
    本空格后面的of middle age and beyond提示了本空格要填的词应该是指 “人”的词,而且不止一个人,从上下文看,these显然不合适,因为上文并没有特指哪些人,故只 有C合适。
    本句中is后面应该是表语部分,四个选项中只有D项of合适,of impor- tance=important,of vital importance=very,very important。
    从语法上分析,这个空必须填上一个形容词作question的定语,从上下文分析,只有B项hard合适,这里的hard =difficult。
    前句已经说到,“不同年龄的人做多少运动是一个难以回答的问题”,显然本句的意思是“个人的差异太大,无法一概而论”,因此选择B项too是最恰当的。too... to...的结构具有否定的意义。
    虽然四个选项都可以与on搭配,但act on意为“按照……行动”, carry on 意为“进行”,不符合文意,只有depend on“取决于……”和base on“根据……”语境可以考虑,但base是及物动词,应该为base sth. on...,故只能选择A。
    虽然四个选项都可以与as连用,但用法和意义各有不同,refer to sb. /sth. as“把……说成……”; regard sb./sth. as“把……当成…… ” ; treat sb. /sth. as“把……当成……”;均不符合语境,只有serve as“充当……,作为……”在语法上和意义上恰当。所以答案为C。
    前面A、B、C三个选项的词义分别为“推迟”、“保护”、“设计”,与上下文意义不相符,只有D项“测定、确定”符合文意。
    前面说到有两个一般性的建议,并且已提到“第一个”,那么“另一个”只能考虑A、B两个选项了。二者都有“另一个”的意思,只是用法不同,another不用冠词,而the other则需要定冠词the,故选A。
    四个选项中A、C、D三个选项的意思与上下文相去甚远,只有B项合适。 one should choose用来做前面主语的定语从句,在定语从句中省略了宾语that/which。
    四个选项中只有C项in可与participate连用,意为“参加”,in的宾语是引导定语从句的关系代词that。

  • 第3题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Immune Functions

    The immune system is equal in complexity to the combined intricacies of the brain and nervous system.
    The success of the immune system in defending the body relies on a dynamic regulatory communication net-
    work consisting of millions and millions of cells.Organized into sets and subsets,these cells pass information
    back and forth like clouds of bees flying around a hive(蜂巢).The result is a sensitive system of checks and
    balances that produces an immune response that is prompt,appropriate,effective,and self-limiting.
    At the heart of the immune system is the ability to distinguish between self and nonself. When immune
    defenders encounter cells or organisms carrying foreign or nonself molecules,the immune troops move quickly
    to eliminate the intruders(人侵者).Virtually every body cell carries distinctive molecules that identify it as
    self. The body's immune defenses do not normally attack tissues that carry a self-marker. Rather,immune
    cells and other body cells coexist peaceably in a state known as self-tolerance.When a normally functioning
    immune system attacks a nonself molecule,the system has the ability to"remember"the specifics of the
    foreign body.Upon subsequent encounters with the same species of molecules,the immune system reacts
    accordingly. With the possible exception of antibodies(抗体)passed during lactation(授乳期), this so
    called immune system memory is not inherited.Despite the occurrence of a virus in your family,your immune
    system must"learn"from experience with the many millions of distinctive nonseif molecules in the sea of
    microbes(微生物)in which we live. Learning entails producing the appropriate molecules and cells to match
    up with and counteract each nonseif invader.
    Any substance capable of triggering an immune response is called an antigen(抗原).Antigens are not
    to be confused with illergens(过敏原),which are most often harmless substances that provoke the immune
    system to set off the inappropriate and harmful response known as allergy.An antigen can be a virus,a bacte-
    rium,or even a portion or product of one of these organisms.Tissues or cells from another individual also act
    as antigens,because the immune system recognizes transplanted tissues as foreign,it rejects them.The body
    will even reject nourishing proteins unless they are first broken down by the digestive system into their
    primary,nonantigenic building blocks.An antigen announces its foreignness by means of intricate and charac-
    teristic shapes called epitopes(抗原表位), which protrude(突出)from its surface. Most antigens , even the
    simplest microbes,carry several different kinds of epitopes on their surface;some may even carry several
    hundreds.Some epitopes will be more effective than others at stimulating an immune response.Only in abnormal
    situations does the immune system wrongly identify self as nonself and execute a misdirected immune attack.

    The immune cells and other cells in the body coexist peaceably in a state known as________.
    A:self-tolerance
    B:balance
    C:harmony
    D:tolerance

    答案:A
    解析:
    由第一段第三句中的“like clouds of bees flying around a hive”可知选B。
    由文章第二段第五句可知答案为A。
    由文章最后一段中的“An antigen announces its foreignness by …characteristic shapes …" 可知选C。
    由文章最后一段第一句可知,能引起免疫反应的物质叫抗原,即抗原能引起免疫反应, 故选B
    由文章第二段第一句“At the heart of the immune system...”可知选D。 heart相当 于basic。

  • 第4题:

    资料:Keeping the Zeal of a Startup as You Scale
    There are many reasons that founder-led companies are so good at disrupting industries and making life miserable for slow-moving incumbents. But perhaps the most powerful is that founders create great insurgencies. They ignore established industry rules and boundaries. They create better ways to solve old problems. They disdain anything that blurs their focus on the front line. From top to bottom, they are at war against the industry leaders on behalf of undeserved customers.
    Our research on what we call the “founder’s mentality” shows that maintaining a strong insurgent mission is critical to long-term, sustainable growth. But to compete long term, insurgent companies also need to develop scale and scope, which very often dulls their insurgent’s zeal. In many ways, this is because their perspective on the future slowly changes. Insurgents see the days ahead—both long and short term—as ripe with opportunity. They embrace change and chaos. They invest in whatever it takes to innovate new solutions for customers. Incumbents, on the other hand, very often see the future as a threat. As leaders invested heavily in the status quo, innovation and disruption are not good for them. Turbulence erodes profitability; innovation marginalizes their current product offerings. The future is not better.
    The companies that find a way to achieve scale without losing their insurgent mission---we call them “Scale Insurgents”--remain acutely alert to this difference in perspective. They actively fight back against the very natural tendency to retreat behind the castle walls to avoid future change and turbulence. Instead, they do what in some companies might seem like heresy---they commit to disrupting their own insurgency. They know that acquiring the benefits of scale requires ruthless focus on a well-defined core business and a commitment to building the systems and processes to support it. But they aren’t wedded to their business model—they are wedded to what will serve their customers best. Rather than erecting defenses against the future, they embrace the notion of limitless horizons—the idea that a company can intelligently extend the boundaries of its core ever outward.

    In the author’s opinion,what is a “scale insurgents”?

    A.startup company that maintains its original quality in the process of scaling up
    B.An insurgent company that turned into an incumbent company
    C.An insurgent company that managed to make steady profits
    D.startup company that succeeded in scaling up

    答案:A
    解析:
    本题考查的是细节理解。
    【关键词】scale insurgents
    【主题句】第三段The companies that find a way to achieve scale without losing their insurgent mission---we call them “Scale Insurgents”.(在扩大规模的路上,那些没有放弃反叛使命的公司,我们称之为“规模反叛”。)
    【解析】第5题问“作者认为什么是scale insurgents?”。scale insurgents出现在第三段第一句话,作者解释其为“在扩大规模的路上,那些没有放弃反叛使命的企业,我们称之为‘规模反叛’”。A选项“扩大规模中保持初心的初创企业。”和主题句同义改写,应为正确答案。B选项“变成领导地位企业的反叛企业。”原文并没有说这些反叛企业会变成领导地位企业,故排除。C选项“设法获得稳定收入的反叛企业。”文中并未提及,故排除。D选项“成功扩大规模的初创企业”。第三段第一句话的确提到扩大规模,但并未说其成功,该选项属于过度推理,故排除。

  • 第5题:

    共用题干
    Hacking
    People tend to think of computers as isolated machines,working away all by themselves.
    Some do-personal computer without an outside link, like someone's hideaway(隐蔽的)cabin in the woods.But just as most of homes are tied to a community by streets,bus routes and electric lines,computers that exchange intelligence are part of a community-local,national and even global network joined by telephone connections.
    The computer network is a creation of the electric age,but it is based on old-fashioned trust. It cannot work without trust. A rogue loose(为所欲为的无赖)in a computer system called hacker(黑客)is worse than a thief entering your house. He could go through anyone's electronic mail or add to,change,distort or delete anything in the information stored in the computer's memory .He could even take control of the entire system by placing his own instructions in the software that runs it.He could shut the computer down whenever he wished,and no one could stop him.Then he could program the computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there.
    Hacking,our electronic- age term for computer break-in,is more and more in the news-brainy kids vandalizing university records, even pranking(胡闹)about in supposedly safeguard-ed systems.To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century,these are not laughing matters.A potential for disaster is building:A dissatis- fled former insurance-company employee wipes out information from payroll(工资表)files. A student sends out a“virus”,a secret and destructive command,over a national network .The vi-rus copies itself at lightning speed,jamming the entire network-thousands of academic,commer-cial and government computer systems.Such disastrous cases have already occurred.Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer. Spoiling a system responsible for air-traffic control at a busy airport,or knocking out the telephones of a major city,is a relatively easy way to spread panic .Yet neither business nor government has done enough to toughen its defenses against at-tack .For one thing,such defenses are expensive;for another,they may interrupt communica- tion—the main reason for using computers in the first place.

    One of the reasons why business or government has not taken tough measures to stop hacking is that______.
    A: it will cause fear among the public
    B: hacking has not caused much damage
    C: tough measures are illegal
    D: communication may be interrupted

    答案:D
    解析:
    本题问作者为什么在第二段提到“a thief”(小偷)? 大家知道,闯入别人家偷东西的人被称为小偷,文章第二段第三句提到,黑客比小偷还厉害,还危险,故选A。


    本题问短文第三段中vandalizing的意思。如果考生不认识这个词,可根据后面的叙述猜出该词的意思是“destroying”。


    本题问下面的叙述哪个是错误的。第三段第一句将hacking解释为“computer break -in”,故选项A正确,选项C和D的意思下文中也提到了,根据排除法可得出选项 B是错误的,其实,根据常识我们也能判断出选项B是错误的。黑客的危害性已人所共知。


    本题是细节题,给出的几个选项中有一项不是黑客攻击的情况。闯入房内偷东西显然不是真正意义上的黑客行为。此题亦可凭常识作出判断。


    此题问为何很多公司或政府机构没有采取严厉的措施制止黑客行为。短文最后一段提到“such defenses are expensive ; for another , they may interrupt communication”,故选D。

  • 第6题:

    单选题

    正确答案:
    解析:

  • 第7题:

    单选题
    可以单选题场景中的某个物体作为发射器的粒子是().
    A

    Blizzard

    B

    Spray

    C

    PArray

    D

    PCloud


    正确答案: C
    解析: 暂无解析

  • 第8题:

    Working conditions in air transportation vary widely, _______ on the occupation.

    A.depends
    B.dependable
    C.depending
    D.depend

    答案:C
    解析:

  • 第9题:

    共用题干
    第一篇

    Immune Functions

    The immune system is equal in complexity to the combined intricacies of the brain and nervous system.
    The success of the immune system in defending the body relies on a dynamic regulatory communication net-
    work consisting of millions and millions of cells.Organized into sets and subsets,these cells pass information
    back and forth like clouds of bees flying around a hive(蜂巢).The result is a sensitive system of checks and
    balances that produces an immune response that is prompt,appropriate,effective,and self-limiting.
    At the heart of the immune system is the ability to distinguish between self and nonself. When immune
    defenders encounter cells or organisms carrying foreign or nonself molecules,the immune troops move quickly
    to eliminate the intruders(人侵者).Virtually every body cell carries distinctive molecules that identify it as
    self. The body's immune defenses do not normally attack tissues that carry a self-marker. Rather,immune
    cells and other body cells coexist peaceably in a state known as self-tolerance.When a normally functioning
    immune system attacks a nonself molecule,the system has the ability to"remember"the specifics of the
    foreign body.Upon subsequent encounters with the same species of molecules,the immune system reacts
    accordingly. With the possible exception of antibodies(抗体)passed during lactation(授乳期), this so
    called immune system memory is not inherited.Despite the occurrence of a virus in your family,your immune
    system must"learn"from experience with the many millions of distinctive nonseif molecules in the sea of
    microbes(微生物)in which we live. Learning entails producing the appropriate molecules and cells to match
    up with and counteract each nonseif invader.
    Any substance capable of triggering an immune response is called an antigen(抗原).Antigens are not
    to be confused with illergens(过敏原),which are most often harmless substances that provoke the immune
    system to set off the inappropriate and harmful response known as allergy.An antigen can be a virus,a bacte-
    rium,or even a portion or product of one of these organisms.Tissues or cells from another individual also act
    as antigens,because the immune system recognizes transplanted tissues as foreign,it rejects them.The body
    will even reject nourishing proteins unless they are first broken down by the digestive system into their
    primary,nonantigenic building blocks.An antigen announces its foreignness by means of intricate and charac-
    teristic shapes called epitopes(抗原表位), which protrude(突出)from its surface. Most antigens , even the
    simplest microbes,carry several different kinds of epitopes on their surface;some may even carry several
    hundreds.Some epitopes will be more effective than others at stimulating an immune response.Only in abnormal
    situations does the immune system wrongly identify self as nonself and execute a misdirected immune attack.

    What is used to describe the communication network consisting of cells in the immune system?
    A:The immune system's memory.
    B:Immune troops sliminating intruders.
    C:Bees flying around a hive.
    D:A sea of microbes.

    答案:C
    解析:
    由第一段第三句中的“like clouds of bees flying around a hive”可知选B。
    由文章第二段第五句可知答案为A。
    由文章最后一段中的“An antigen announces its foreignness by …characteristic shapes …" 可知选C。
    由文章最后一段第一句可知,能引起免疫反应的物质叫抗原,即抗原能引起免疫反应, 故选B
    由文章第二段第一句“At the heart of the immune system...”可知选D。 heart相当 于basic。

  • 第10题:

    共用题干
    Using HIV Virus to Cure Cancer
    Scientists are planning to use human immuno deficiency(免疫缺陷)virus(HIV) , one of mankind's most feared viruses,as a carrier of genes which can fight cancer and a range of diseases that cannot be cured.The experts say HIV has an almost perfect ability to avoid the body's immune(免疫的)defenses, making it ideal for carrying replacement genes into patients'bodies,according to the Observer.
    A team at the California-based Salk Institute,one of the world's leading research centers on biological sciences,has created a special new breed of HIV and has started negotiations with the U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)to begin clinical gene therapy(治疗)trials this year.The first trials are expected to involve patients suffering from cancers that cannot be cured by surgery although project leader Professor Inder Verma said the HIV technique would have“far wider applications”.
    The plan remains very likely to cause controversy since it involves making use of a virus
    which has caused more than 22 million deaths around the world in the past two decades.Verma said that the idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose was“shocking”but the fierce nature of HIV had disappeared by having all six of the potentially deadly genes removed.
    Illnesses such as various cancers are caused when a gene in a patient's body fails to work properly.In the past two years, breakthroughs in genetics(遗传学)have led gene therapy sci-entists to try and replace the genes that do not function normally.
    Unfortunately,the body's immune defenses have been known to attack the modified genes and make them lose their effects before they can start their task and progress in the field has been held up by the lack of a suitable carrier.
    The HIV virus has the ability to escape from,and then destroy,the immune defense cells designed to protect our bodies and this makes it attractive to scientists as a way of secretly conveying replacement genes into patients'bodies.

    The HIV virus has caused more deaths in developed countries.
    A:Right
    B:Wrong
    C:Not mentioned

    答案:C
    解析:
    阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出了七个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及,请选择C。
    【解析】
    题干意为“FDA已经批准了用HIV来治疗人所患的癌症”。利用题干中的细节信息词FDA, plan, humans作为定位线索,在短文中查找到相关句:A team at the Cali-fornia-based Salk Institute,one of the world's leading research centers on biological sciences, has created a special new breed of HIV and has started negotiations with the U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)to begin clinical gene therapy(治疗) trials this year.该句意为“一个研究小组已经就今年进行临床基因疗法实验问题同FDA进行了谈判”,“进行了谈判”并不等于“已经获得批准”,因此题干陈述的信息与短文内容不一致。
    题干意为“使用HIV使之受益于人们的想法已经得到了普遍的接受”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语idea, HIV和beneficial purpose作为定位线索,这样在短文中查找到相关句:The plan remains very likely to cause controversy since it involves making use of a virus which has caused more than 22 million deaths around the world in the past two dec-ades.Verma said that the idea of.using HIV for a beneficial purpose was“shocking” but the fierce nature of HIV had disappeared by having all six of the potentially deadly genes re- moved.划线句提到“对HIV病毒进行有益的使用这种想法可能令人震惊,但是去除HIV病 毒中的所有六个致命基因就能消除掉HIV强烈的致病性”,所以接着注意划线句所在的上下文,上文中提到这个计划很可能会引起争议,因为它涉及到使用一种在过去20年中造成 2200万人死亡的病毒,从这个句意来看,显然料体句中的“The plan”,也就是划线句中的“对 HIV病毒进行有益的使用这种想法”,既然这种想法引发争论,当然也就不可能被普遍接受了,所以题干陈述的信息与短文内容不一致。
    题干意为“只有当致命的基因被去除后HIV才能被安全地用来治疗癌症”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语HIV, the deadly genes作为定位线索,在短文中找到相关句: Verma said that the idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose was“shocking”but the fierce nature of HIV had disappeared (“HIV强烈的致命性已经消失”对应另一线索词safely) by having all six of the potentially deadly genes removed.该句意为“对HIV病毒进行有益的使用这种想法可能令人震惊,但是去除HIV病毒中的所有六个致命基因就能消除掉HTV强烈的致命性”,显然这与题干叙述的意思一致。
    题干意为“HIV病毒是战胜身体免疫细胞的最佳战士”。利用题干中的细节信息短语an excellent warrior和the body's immune cells作为定位线索,这样在文章中找到相应的结构immune defenses,并因此找到相关句:The HIV virus has the ability to escape from,and then destroy,the immune defense cells designed to protect our bodies and this makes it attractive to scientists as a way of secretly conveying replacement genes into patients' bodies.这个句子意为“HIV病毒有能力避开保护我们身体的免疫防御细胞,然后再消灭它们”,根据这个内容判断题干陈述的信息与短文内容一致。
    题干意为“其他国家也期望不久以后能开始临床基因疗法的试验”。一般来说,如果题干在把一个事物和其余事物做比较(than...other),则该题干陈述的信息往往是杜撰的,是短文中实际未提及的信息,或者题干在大范围的谈及其他事物的情况(other),这往往也是杜撰出的信息。利用题干中的细节信息短语。ther countries , clinical gene therapy trials 作为定位线索,结果发现文章中根本没有提到other countries和其他国家的国名,所以判断题干陈述的信息为短文中未提及的信息。
    题干意为“缺少资金阻碍了使用替代基因来治疗癌症的研究进程”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语progress, lack of money和replacement genes作为定位线索,这样发 现相关句:Unfortunately, the body's immune defenses have been known to attack the modi- fied genes and make them lose their effects before they can start their task and progress in the field has been held up by the lack of a suitable carrier.句子中只出现了与其中一个核心结构相关的内容(划线结构),该结构意为“缺少合适的基因载体使这个领域中的工作停滞不前”,现在解题的关键就是确认“这个领域”与题干中的using replacement genes to cure cancer 是否相关,所以关注上下文:上文In the past two years, breakthroughs in genetics(遗传学) have led gene therapy scientists to try and replace the genes(与replacement genes呼应)that do not function normally.提到“在过去两年里,遗传学上的研究突破使研究基因疗法的科学家们尝试替换掉那些不能正常工作的基因”,因此判断划线句中的the field就是指“使用替代基因”,因此判断题干陈述的信息不正确:原文提到阻碍研究进程的原因是“没有合适的基因载体”,而不是“缺少资金”。
    题干意为“HIV病毒已经在发达国家造成了更多的死亡”。利用题干中出现的细节信息短语HIV virus, more deaths和developed countries作为定位线索,这样发现文 章中只在第3段提到了死亡:The plan remains very likely to cause controversy since it in-volves making use of a virus which has caused more than 22 million deaths around the world in the past two decades.但该句中并没有提到具体什么国家,也没有the developed countries 这样的字眼,所以判断短文中根本没有提到发达国家的死亡情况,因此题干陈述的信息为短文中未提及的信息。

  • 第11题:

    资料:The data a bank has stored on its servers is more valuable than the gold in its vaults. Banks enjoy a monopoly over data that has helped them get away with poor services and fend off competitors. In Europe, at least, that is all about to change with a new set of regulations, named PSD2.
    The rules will compel banks to share data easily with licensed third parties. Bankers in Europe complain that their profits and customer relationships are under threat. However, opening up banks, and the data they store, is good for consumers and competition, New providers will be better placed to offer all sorts of innovative services, such as a one-click option to put unspent monthly income into a pension plan.
    Nevertheless, some concerns about PSD2 are legitimate. In particular, it is reasonable to wonder about the privacy and security implications of sensitive financial date being shared with third parties. But banks themselves are hardly invulnerable to cyber attacks (网络攻击).And the solutions that the European regulators propose to deal with these worries look promising. Third parties that want to use bank data will need to convince national regulators that their data defenses are solid and are subject to annual regulatory inspections.
    The gap between writing rules and implementing them is always large. First, consent from customers to provide access to their bank data must be gained explicitly, and the purposes of the data use should be clearly explained. Second, regulators must be very tough both in ensuring that banks open up their infrastructure and in withdrawing the licenses of third parties that break the rules. Third, regulators must also be flexible enough to allow for changes as the market evolves. Since the new entrants will not be licensed to engage in riskier financial activities——such as lending money——it makes sense to regulate them with a lighter touch. But if some Fintech providers do end up becoming systemically important, higher standards of oversight might be necessary.

    What is the passage mainly about?

    A.Challenges facing European regulators.
    B.A new regulation in Europe that opens banks to competition.
    C.The solutions to the flawed banking system in Europe.
    D.A looming threat to customers' private bank data.

    答案:B
    解析:
    本题考查的是语篇理解。
    【关键词】passage;about
    【主题句】第2自然段The rules will compel banks to share data easily with licensed third party.Bankers in Europe complain that their profits and customer relationships are under threat.这些规则将迫使银行与持牌第三方轻松共享数据。欧洲的银行家抱怨称,他们的利润和客户关系正受到威胁。
    【解析】本题的问题是“这篇文章的主要内容是什么?”。A选项“欧洲监管机构面临的挑战。”;B选项“欧洲的一项新规则,让银行走向竞争。”;C选项“欧洲有缺陷的银行体系的解决方案。”;D选项“客户私人银行数据迫在眉睫的威胁。”根据主题句可知,本文主要讲的是欧洲开放银行竞争新规则,故选B。

  • 第12题:

    单选题
    To compete in today's fast-paced competitive environment, organizations are increasingly allowing contractors, partners, visitors and guests to access their internal enterprise networks.These users may connect to the network through wired ports in conference rooms or offices, or via wireless access points. In allowing this open access for third parties, LANs become(6) .Third parties can introduce risk in a variety of ways from connecting with an infected laptop to unauthorized access of network resources to(7)activity. For many organizations, however,the operational complexity and costs to ensure safe third party network access have been prohibitive. Fifty-two percent of surveyed CISOs state that they currently use a moat and castle's security approach, and admit that defenses inside the perimeter are weak. Threats from internal users are also increasingly a cause for security concerns. Employees with malicious intent can launch (8) of service attacks or steal (9) information by snooping the network. As they access the corporate network, mobile and remote users inadvertently can infect the network with (10) and worms acquired from unprotected public networks. Hackers masquer-ading as internal users can take advantage of weak internal security to gain access to confidential information. 空白处(7)应选择()
    A

    venomous

    B

    malicious

    C

    felonious

    D

    villainous


    正确答案: B
    解析: 分析为了适应当今的快速竞争环境,组织正逐步允许承包商、合作伙伴、访问者和顾客访问它们的企业内部网络,这些用户可以在会议室或办公室通过有线端口连接网络,或通过无线访问点。在这种允许第三方进行的开放式访问中,局域网变得难以防守。第三方可能以各种方式带来风险,从用一台受感染的膝上型计算机到连接未授权访问的网络资源进行恶意活动。然而,对很多组织而言,考虑到操作的复杂性和保证系统安全的成本,第三方网络访问是禁止的。接受调查的注册信息安全管理人员中,有52%的人表示他们目前使用防火墙,而且承认在内部的防御措施是脆弱的。来自内部用户的威胁也正在逐步成为安全考虑的一个因素。怀有恶意的员工可能发起拒绝服务攻击或通过窥探网络窃取机密信息。当移动的和远程的用户访问网络时,他们一不小心就会使网络感染来自未受保护的公众网络的病毒和蠕虫。黑客伪装成内部用户,会利用脆弱的内部安全获得访问机密信息的权限。

  • 第13题:

    单选题
    It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because _____.
    A

    it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areas

    B

    the government is too slow in taking action

    C

    they will be easily knocked down by waves and currents

    D

    house agents along the coast do not support the idea


    正确答案: C
    解析:
    细节推断题。文章第三段第二句指出,政府勘察人员说建拦海大坝是不可能的,不仅要花费数亿英镑的高额费用,而且如果建起海防会使海浪沿着海岩向前涌去,把问题从一个地区移向另一个地区。通过比较,A项符合文意。