单选题Health Department statistics demonstrate that children reading high on glucose with family histories of diabetes are twice as likely as the general population to develop diabetes.A reading high on glucose with family histories of diabetesB with high gl

What did David do in the summer of 2003?

A. He applied for job position # 1009-36.

B. He worked at more than one job.

C. He finished high school.

D. He took a summer reading program

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第二篇

In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.

In a traditional agricultural economy,a large family_________.
A:can be an advantage
B:may limit income
C:isn't necessary
D:is expensive

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第二篇

Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage

Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.

The word"its"in the second paragraph refers to
A: the nerve's.
B:the blood's.
C:the eye's.
D: the retina's,

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第二篇

Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage

Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.

To slow down eye damage,people with diabetes should try to
A: use as many medications as they can.
B: eat as little as possible.
C: wear glasses as often as possible.
D: keep their blood sugar under tight control.

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第二篇

Sleep Lets Brain File Memories

To sleep.Perchance to file?Findings published online this week by the proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences further support the theory that the brain organizes and stows memories formed during the day while the rest of the body is catching zzz's.
Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues analyzed the brain waves of sleeping rats and mice. Specifically,they examined the electrical activity emanating（散发）from the somatosensory（耳、目、口等以外的）neocortex（新大脑皮层）(an area that processes sensory information) and the hippocampus（海马）,which is a center for learning and memory. The scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two regions appear to be intertwined.So-called sleep spindles (bursts of activity from the neocortex)were followed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the hippocampus known as ripples.The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regions is a key step in memory consolidation.
A second study,also published online this week by the proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,links age-associated memory decline to high glucose levels.
Previous research had shown that individuals with diabetes（糖尿病，多尿症）suffer from increased memory problems.In the new work,Antonio Convit of New York University School of Medicine and his collaborators studied 30 people whose average age was 69 to investigate whether sugar levels,which tend to increase with age,affect memory in healthy people as well.The scientists administered recall tests, brain scans（细看，审视，浏览，扫描）and glucose tolerance tests, which measure how quickly sugar is absorbed from the blood by the body's tissues.Subjects with the poorest memory recollection,the team discovered,also displayed the poorest glucose tolerance.In addition,their brain scans showed more hippocampus shrinkage than those of subjects better able to absorb blood sugar.
" Our study suggests that this impairment（损害、损伤）may contribute to the memory deficits （赤字、不足额）that occur as people age."Convit says."And it raises the intriguing possibility that improving glucose tolerance could reverse some age-associated problems in cognition."Exercise and weight control can help keep glucose levels in check（阻止、制止）,so there may be one more reason to go to the gym.

What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance,as is indicated by a research mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A:People with poor memory have high glucose tolerance.
B:People with good memory have low glucose tolerance.
C:Memory level has nothing to do with glucose tolerance.
D:The poorer the memory,the poorer glucose tolerance.

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What Is Insulin-dependent Diabetes?
When you eat,your body takes the sugar from food and turns it into fuel.______(46)Your body uses glucose for energy,so it can do everything from breathing air to playing a video game.But glucose can't be used by the body on its own-it needs a hormone called insulin to bring it into the cells of the body.
Most people get the insulin they need from the pancreas,a large organ near the stomach?The pancreas makes insulin;insulin brings glucose into the cells;and the body gets the energy it needs.When a person has insulin一dependent diabetes,it's because the pancreas is not making insulin.So someone could be eating lots of food and getting all the glucose he needs,but without insulin,there is no way for the body to use the glucose for energy.______(47)
You may have heard older people talk about having diabetes,maybe people of your grandparents'age.Usually,this is a different kind of diabetes called non一insulin一dependent diabetes.It can also be called Type 2 diabetes,or adult-onset diabetes.______(48)
When a kid is diagnosed with juvenile(insulin-dependent)diabetes,he will have that type of diabetes for his whole life.It won't ever change to non-insulin-dependent diabetes when he gets older.
Scientists now think that a person who has juvenile diabetes was born with a certain gene or genes that made the person more likely to get the illness.______(49)
Many scientists believe that along with having certain genes,something else outside the person's body, like a viral infection,is necessary to set the diabetes in motion by affecting the cells in the pancreas that make insulin.
But the person must have the gene(or genes)for diabetes to start' out with一this means you can't get diabetes just from catching a flu,virus,or cold.And this type of diabetes isn't caused by eating too many sugary foods,either.Diabetes can take a long time to develop in a person's body-sometimes months or years?Another important thing to remember is that diabetes is not contagious.______(50)

______(47)
A:Genes are something that you inherit from your parents,and they are in your body even before you're born.
B:This sugar-fuel is called glucose?
C:It may be possible to beat insulin resistance through lifestyle changes.
D:You can't catch diabetes from people who have it,no matter how close you sit to them or if you kiss them.
E:The glucose can't get into the cells of the body without insulin.
F:When a person has this kind of diabetes,the pancreas usually can still make insulin,but the person's body needs more than the pancreas can make?

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第二篇

Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage

Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.

With diabetic retinopathy,the damaged blood vessels in the retina
A:are stronger than what they used to be.
B: cannot be properly replaced.
C:are more likely to break than the new ones.
D: may return to normal again.

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第二篇

In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.

According to this passage,Italy today is an example of an__________.
A:agricultural country with a high birth rate
B:agricultural country with a low birth rate
C:industrialized country with a low birth rate
D:industrialized country with a high birth rate

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第二篇

Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage

Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.

The worst eye damage induced by diabetes is
A:blurred vision.
B: black spots,
C: blindness.
D: flashing lights.

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第二篇

Diabetes（糖尿病）and Eye Damage

Over 2 million Canadians have diabetes.It is the leading cause of blindness in North
Americans under 65 years of age.Diabetes is a condition where the body either cannot
produce enough insulin（胰岛素）or cannot respond properly to insulin. Insulin is important
because it moves glucose（葡萄糖）,a simple sugar, into the body's cells from the blood.
The food people eat provides the body with glucose,which is used by the cells as a source
of energy.If insulin isn't available or doesn't work correctly to move glucose from the blood
into the cells,glucose will stay in the blood,leading to high blood sugar levels.
High blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels,including the tiny blood vessels in
the eye．This leads to an eye disease known as diabetic retinopathy（糖尿病型视网膜病）.
The retina（视网膜）is an area at the back of the eye that changes light into nerve signals.
With diabetic retinopathy,some blood vessels in the retina are lost,and some of the other
blood vessels begin to"leak"blood.This causes the retina to swell,and gradually cuts off
its supply of oxygen and nutrients（滋养物）.Eventually , the retina starts to grow new
blood vessels to replace the damaged ones.Unfortunately,these new vessels are not as
strong as the old ones.They are more likely to break,causing bleeding in the eye.
At first,people with diabetic retinopathy will not notice any symptoms.As the disease
gets worse , they may notice blurred（模糊的）vision, black spots or flashing lights. As
time goes on,it can progress to blindness.Everyone with diabetes is at risk for diabetic
retinopathy,and the risk increases the longer you've had diabetes.
Fortunately,you can reduce your risk.If you do not have diabetes,but think you may
be at risk for this condition,visit your doctor to be screened for diabetes.If you do have
diabetes:
Have frequent eye check-ups.
Make sure that you monitor your blood sugar frequently and use your medications as
recommended by your doctor. There is evidence to show that keeping your blood sugar
under tight control can slow down eye damage.
If you have high blood pressure,follow your recommended diet and medications to
keep it under control.If you are not sure whether you have high blood pressure,or whether
your blood pressure is under control,discuss this with your doctor.

Glucose cannot be turned into energy in the body
A: without diabetes.
B: without sugar.
C:without insu}in.
D:without food.

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Sleep Lets Brain File Memories
To sleep.Perchance to file?Findings published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science further support the theory that brain organizes and stows memories formed during the day while the rest of the body is catching zzz's.
Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues analyzed the brain waves of sleeping rats and mice.Specifically,they examined the electrical activity emanating from the somatosensory neocortex(an area that processes sensory information)and the hippocampus,which is a center for learning and memory.The scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two regions appear to be intertwined.So-called sleep spindles(bursts of activity from the neocortex)were followed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the hippocampus known as ripples.The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regions is a key step in memory consolidation.
A second study,also published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,links age-associated memory decline to high glucose level.
Previous research had shown that individuals with diabetes suffer from increased memory problems.In the new work,Antonio Convit of New York University School of Medicine and his collaborators studied 30 people whose average age was 69 to investigate whether sugar levels,which tend to increase with age,affect memory in healthy people as well.The scientists administered recall tests,brain scans and glucose tolerance tests,which measure how quickly sugar is absorbed from the blood by the body's issues.Subjects with the poorest memory recollection,the team discovered,also displayed the poorest glucose tolerance.In addition, their brain scans showed more hippocampus shrinkage than those of subjects better able to absorb blood sugar.
"Our study suggests that this impairment may contribute to the memory deficits that occur as people age,"Convit says."And it raises the intriguing possibility that improving glucose tolerance could reverse some age一associated problems in cognition?”Exercise and weights control can help keep glucose level in check,so there may be one more reason to go to the gym.

What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance,as is indicated by a research mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A:People with poor memory have high glucose tolerance.
B:People with good memory have low glucose tolerance.
C:Memory level has nothing to do with glucose tolerance.
D:The poorer the memory,the poorer the glucose tolerance.

He is the only one of the sons in the family who______received high education.

A.are
B.is
C.have
D.has