共用题干 Health care in the US is well known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.Employers have contr
题目
共用题干
Health care in the US is well known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.
The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly.It all depends on what insurance the employer pays.The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick.In 2004,the average worker paid an extra $558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.
The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks（遭遗漏）.In 2004,only 61 percent of the population received health insurance through their employers,according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated students with no jobs were not included.
Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first day on the job.Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they are now considered independent adults.They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.
Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students.All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it. But exact policies（保险单）differ from school to school.
Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan for students.Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than buying directly from the insurance company.
Health care in the US is well known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.
The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly.It all depends on what insurance the employer pays.The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick.In 2004,the average worker paid an extra $558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.
The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks（遭遗漏）.In 2004,only 61 percent of the population received health insurance through their employers,according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated students with no jobs were not included.
Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first day on the job.Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they are now considered independent adults.They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.
Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students.All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it. But exact policies（保险单）differ from school to school.
Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan for students.Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than buying directly from the insurance company.
In the US,a person's company buys him or her health insurance.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
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更多“共用题干 Health care in the US is well known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.Employers have contr”相关问题
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第1题：
共用题干
Health Care in the US
Health care in the US is well-known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a
major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.
Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees'
doctors' bills.
The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly. It all depends
on what insurance the employer pays.The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the
more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick. In 2004,the average
worker paid an extra US$558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.
The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks（遭遗漏）.In 2004,
only 61 percent of the population received health insurance through their employers,
according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated
students with no jobs were not included,
Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first
day on the job.Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they
are now considered independent adults.They also cannot buy university health insurance because they
are no longer students.
Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students.All
are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it,But exact
policies（保险单）differ from school to school.
Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan
for students.Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than
buying direct from the insurance company.In the US,a person's company buys him or her health insurance.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：A解析： -
第2题：
共用题干
第二篇
As we have seen,the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors,such as poor eating habits,smoking,and failure to exercise.The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight , but does not eat very nutritious（有营养的）foods , who feels OK but exercises only occasionally , who goes to work every day , but is not an outstanding worker,who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts,but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely "not ill" and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called "well".In recent years,however,some health specialists have begun to apply the terms "well" and "weilness" only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their body's condition.Most importantly,perhaps,people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health.Even people who have a physical disease or handicap（缺陷）may be "well" ,in this new sense,if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations."Wellness" may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes.And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living,the concept of weilness can have a beneficial impact on the way in which people face the challenges of daily life.We can learn from the passage that today medical care focuses on__________.
A:curing disease and keeping people in healthy physical conditions
B:monitoring patients' body functions
C:removing peoples' bad living habits
D:ensuring peoples' psychological well-being答案：C解析：细节题。根据第一段第一句“…the focus of medical care in our society has been-shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors...”可知，今天医疗保健的焦点已经从疾病治疗转移到疾病预防上来，尤其体现在改变我们不健康的行为上。因此，选项C“改变人们不良的生活习惯”与文章相符。
主旨题。由第一段倒数三句“This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.”可知，这个人虽然有一些不良习惯和不适的症状，但是没有患病，甚至也没有患病的风险，然而，我们可以想象这个人本来可以更健康。由此可知，选项A“健康不仅仅是没有病”符合文意。
推断题。根据第二段第一、二句“The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely'not ill'and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called 'well'.”可知，传统上，医学界把没病的人和十分健康的人都称作“身体良好的人”。因此，选项D“没病就是身体良好”符合文意。
细节题。根据第二段的倒数第三句“'Weilness' may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal than people can strive for.”可知，“健康”并不是我们可能获得的一种健康的状态，而是一种我们要努力争取的理念。因此选项B 符合题意。
主旨题。文章第一段提出医疗保健的焦点由疾病治疗转到疾病预防；第二段首先阐述了传统医疗保健观点和现在医疗保健观点对健康的定义，之后依据现在医疗保健观点给健康作出了更积极的定义，可见选项C符合题意。选项A"旨在批判医疗保健的传统观点”是对原文的曲解，原文只是提出新的观点，并没有批驳传统的医疗保健；选项B"旨在对比传统和现在医疗保健观、点的不同”不是本文的写作目的，比较的目的在于强调现在的医疗观；选项D"旨在告诉我们医疗保健的重要性”文中并未提及。 -
第3题：
共用题干
Health care in the US is well known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.
The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly.It all depends on what insurance the employer pays.The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick.In 2004,the average worker paid an extra $558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.
The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks（遭遗漏）.In 2004,only 61 percent of the population received health insurance through their employers,according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated students with no jobs were not included.
Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first day on the job.Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they are now considered independent adults.They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.
Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students.All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it. But exact policies（保险单）differ from school to school.
Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan for students.Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than buying directly from the insurance company.In the US,graduated students with no jobs can buy university health insurance.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析：答案相关句在第二段：“Employers have contracts with insurance companies, which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.”所以选A。
答案在第三段，保险公司支付给病人的金额有很大区别。这取决于雇主支付的保险费。雇主支付给保险公司的越少，员工每次看病时付给医院的就越多。因此，员工的医疗保险是不同的。
文章中没有相关信息说明2004年失业的大多数人是女性，所以选C。
答案相关句在文章第五段最后一句："They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.”所以选B。
答案相关句在倒数第二段第二句："All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it.”所以选A。
本文讲的是美国的健康保险。"The international students in the US work harder than the American students.”并未提到。因此选C。
文章的四、五、六段都在讲美国health care system遗漏的群体。因此选B。 -
第4题：
共用题干
Health care in the US is well known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.
The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly.It all depends on what insurance the employer pays.The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick.In 2004,the average worker paid an extra $558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.
The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks（遭遗漏）.In 2004,only 61 percent of the population received health insurance through their employers,according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated students with no jobs were not included.
Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first day on the job.Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they are now considered independent adults.They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.
Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students.All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it. But exact policies（保险单）differ from school to school.
Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan for students.Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than buying directly from the insurance company.All employees in the US have the same kind of health insurance.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析：答案相关句在第二段：“Employers have contracts with insurance companies, which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.”所以选A。
答案在第三段，保险公司支付给病人的金额有很大区别。这取决于雇主支付的保险费。雇主支付给保险公司的越少，员工每次看病时付给医院的就越多。因此，员工的医疗保险是不同的。
文章中没有相关信息说明2004年失业的大多数人是女性，所以选C。
答案相关句在文章第五段最后一句："They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.”所以选B。
答案相关句在倒数第二段第二句："All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it.”所以选A。
本文讲的是美国的健康保险。"The international students in the US work harder than the American students.”并未提到。因此选C。
文章的四、五、六段都在讲美国health care system遗漏的群体。因此选B。 -
第5题：
共用题干
Health Care in the US
Health care in the US is well-known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a
major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.
Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees'
doctors' bills.
The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly. It all depends
on what insurance the employer pays.The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the
more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick. In 2004,the average
worker paid an extra US$558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.
The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks（遭遗漏）.In 2004,
only 61 percent of the population received health insurance through their employers,
according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated
students with no jobs were not included,
Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first
day on the job.Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they
are now considered independent adults.They also cannot buy university health insurance because they
are no longer students.
Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students.All
are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it,But exact
policies（保险单）differ from school to school.
Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan
for students.Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than
buying direct from the insurance company.All international students in the US have to buy health insurance.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：A解析： -
第6题：
共用题干
Health Care in the US
Health care in the US is well-known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a
major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.
Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees'
doctors' bills.
The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly. It all depends
on what insurance the employer pays.The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the
more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick. In 2004,the average
worker paid an extra US$558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.
The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks（遭遗漏）.In 2004,
only 61 percent of the population received health insurance through their employers,
according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated
students with no jobs were not included,
Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first
day on the job.Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they
are now considered independent adults.They also cannot buy university health insurance because they
are no longer students.
Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students.All
are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it,But exact
policies（保险单）differ from school to school.
Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan
for students.Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than
buying direct from the insurance company.The health care system in the US takes care of everyone in the country.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析： -
第7题：
共用题干
Health care in the US is well known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.
The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly.It all depends on what insurance the employer pays.The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick.In 2004,the average worker paid an extra $558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.
The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks（遭遗漏）.In 2004,only 61 percent of the population received health insurance through their employers,according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated students with no jobs were not included.
Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first day on the job.Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they are now considered independent adults.They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.
Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students.All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it. But exact policies（保险单）differ from school to school.
Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan for students.Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than buying directly from the insurance company.The health care system in the US takes care of everyone in the country.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析：答案相关句在第二段：“Employers have contracts with insurance companies, which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.”所以选A。
答案在第三段，保险公司支付给病人的金额有很大区别。这取决于雇主支付的保险费。雇主支付给保险公司的越少，员工每次看病时付给医院的就越多。因此，员工的医疗保险是不同的。
文章中没有相关信息说明2004年失业的大多数人是女性，所以选C。
答案相关句在文章第五段最后一句："They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.”所以选B。
答案相关句在倒数第二段第二句："All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it.”所以选A。
本文讲的是美国的健康保险。"The international students in the US work harder than the American students.”并未提到。因此选C。
文章的四、五、六段都在讲美国health care system遗漏的群体。因此选B。 -
第8题：
共用题干
Disease,Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention
Disease may be defined as the abnormal state in which part or all of the body is not properly adjusted or is not capable of carrying on all its required functions.There are marked variations in the extent of the disease and in its effect on the person.
In order to treat a disease,the doctor obviously must first determine the nature of the illness-that is, make a diagnosis.A diagnosis is the conclusion drawn from a number of facts put together.The doctor must know the symptoms,which are the changes in body function felt by the patient;and the signs(also called objective symptoms)which the doctor himself can observe.Sometimes a characteristic group of signs(or symptoms)accompanied a given disease.Such a group is called a syndrome.Frequently certain laboratory tests are performed and the results evaluated by the physician in making his diagnosis.
Although nurses do not diagnose,they play an extremely valuable role in this process by observing closely for signs,encouraging the patient to talk about himself and his symptoms,and then reporting this in- formation to the doctor.Once the patient's disorder is known,the doctor prescribes a course of treatment, also referred to as therapy.Many measures in this course of treatment are carried out by the nurse under the physician's orders.
In recent years physicians,nurses and other health workers have taken on increasing responsibilities in prevention.Throughout most of medical history,the physician's aim has been to cure a patient of an existing disease.However,the modern concept of prevention seeks to stop disease before it actually happens-to keep people well through the promotion of health.A vast number of organizations exist for this purpose, ranging from the World Health Organization(WHO)on an international level down to local private and community health programs.A rapidly growing responsibility of the nursing profession is educating individual patients toward the maintenance of total health-physical and mental.Because nurses can observe patients closely,they have the authority to deal with any critical condition happening to patients.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析：由文章第一段第一句的内容可知，疾病的定义是身体的某个部分或全身不能正常调节或不能维持其所应有功能的异常状态。题干的描述与之一致，故选A。
文章第二段第五句中提到了syndrome这个词，前一句的内容是对syndrome的解释，即一种疾病有一组典型的特征或症状，和题干的描述一致，故选A。
由文章第二段最后一句可知，医生在诊断时会经常进行实验室实验以及结果评估。而题干的内容是：医生在任何情况下诊断疾病时辅助诊断手段都是必需的。故本题选B。
由文章第三段第一句可知，护士需要将病人的有关信息报告给医生。最后一句中还提到，护士在实施治疗过程中还要有医生的指示。题干的描述不正确。故本题选B。
由文章第四段第二、三句可知，一直以来，医生致力于治疗已显现的疾病，而现代的预防理论寻求的是防患于未然，通过健康水平的提高来使州门免于疾病。题干的描述正确，故选A。
文章的第四段中提到，为了预防疾病的发生、增进人们的健康，很多卫生组织得以设立，从国际卫生组织到地方的医疗机构，但并未提及世界上每个国家都设立了此类组织。故本题选C。
文章的最后一句中提到了生理健康和心理健康，但此处只提到护理职业在教导病人保持身心的全面健康方面肩负着越来越多的责任，而并未涉及题干表述的内容，故选C。 -
第9题：
共用题干
第一篇
U. S. to Start $3.2 Billion Child Health Study in January
A study that will cost $3.2 billion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 U.S.children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January,U.S.health officials said on Friday.
Officials from the U.S. government's National Institutes of Health said they hope the study,to be conducted at 105 locations throughout the United States,can help identify early-life influences that affect later development,with the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness.
The study will examine hereditary（遗传的）and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health.
Researchers will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air,water,dust and materials used to construct their residences,the NIH said.
Officials said more than $200 million has been spent already and the study is projected to cost $3.2 billion.
"We anticipate that in the long term（从长远说来）,what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nation's health care costs,"Dr. Duane Alexander,who heads the NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,told reporters.
The study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up（使报名从事）pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21.
Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth（早产）,which has become more common in recent years,according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH,who heads the study.
The people taking part will be from rural,urban and suburban areas,from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups,the NIH said.It is exoected that through the study the nation's health care costs_________.
A:will be lowered in the iong run
B:will be signilicantly increasea
C:will be more than $200 million
D:will reach $3.2 million答案：A解析：文章第二段提到了此项研究的goal，即aim，这便是“learning new ways to treat or prevent illness”。
前三项在短文的第四段都有提及，第四项应该是“参加研究的妇女及其婴儿家中的空气与水等物质，”而不是“医院中的空气与水”。
文章第六段说道，预计从长远来说，此项研究将有利于国家卫生保健费用开支的节约。
文章第一段以及倒数第三段都说道，这些婴儿将从出生前一直被跟踪研究到21岁。
前三项在短文的最后一段都有提及，只有第四项是错误的，因为研究对象都是怀孕的妇女，不可能是所有年龄段的人们。 -
第10题：
共用题干
第一篇
US to Start $3.2 Billion Child Health Study in January
A study that will cost$3.2 billion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 US children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January,US health officials said on Friday.
Officials from the US government's National Institutes of Health said they hope the study,to be conducted at 105 locations throughout the United States,can help identify early-life influences that affect later development,with the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness.
The study will examine hereditary（遗传的）and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health.
Researchers will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air,water,dust and materials used to construct their residences,the NIH said.
Officials said more than $200 million has been spent already and the study is projected to cost$3.2 billion.
"We anticipate that in the long term（从长远来说）,what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nation's health care costs,"Dr. Duane Alexander,who heads the NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,told reporters.
The study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up（签订协议）pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21.
Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth（早产）,which has become more common in recent years,according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH,who heads the study.
The people taking part will be from rural,urban and suburban areas,from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups,the NIH said.It is expected that through the study the nation's health care costs______.
A:will be lowered in the long run
B:will be significantly increased
C:will be more than $200 million
D:will reach $3.2 billion答案：A解析：短文的第二段提到了此项研究的goal，即aim，这便是learning new ways to treat or prevent illness。
A、B、C三项在短文的第四段都有提及。D项不正确，应该是samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air,water,dust and materials used to construct their residences（参加研究的妇女及其婴儿家中的空气与水等物质）。
短文的第六段说到，预计从长远的角度讲，此项研究将节约大笔国家卫生保健费用。
短文的第一段及倒数第三段都说到，这些婴儿将从出生前一直被跟踪到 21岁。
A、B、C三项在短文的最后一段都有提及，而D是错误的，因为研究对象都是怀孕的妇女，不是所有年龄段的人们。 -
第11题：
判断题The government program aims to provide low-cost health care to the Americans who don’t have insurance.A对
B错
正确答案： 错解析：
录音中指出美国大多数没有医疗保险的人实际上有工作但是通常情况下工资很低，社区卫生中心（community health centers）提供一种非常重要的cost-effective service，由于政府补贴，一些服务是免费的或在变动收费范围，而这是一项值得扩展的政府项目。因此题干正确。
【录音原文】
For decades, community health centers have done a very good job of providing low-cost primary health care to those with and without insurance. Since most of the nation’s uninsured actually are employed—but often in low-wage jobs—these centers provide an invaluable cost-effective service and, thanks to government subsidies, some care is free or on a sliding fee scale. This is one government program worthy of expansion. Yet, while touted by the Bush Administration, adequate funding has not been forthcoming. -
第12题：
问答题Doctors have long known that breast-feeding can be good for a baby's health.正确答案：解析： -
第13题：
共用题干
Health Insurance（保险）
Most Americans are responsible for their own medical costs.These can be extremely
high if a person gets very_________(1)or has an accident.So people buy a health
insurance plan to make sure these costs will be_________(2).
Most American colleges and universities have_________(3)health centers.There
may even be a teaching hospital that can treat more serious__________(4).
Some medical services may be included in the cost of attending a school.But health
insurance is usually needed for extra services._________(5)most full-time college
students must have insurance.
Students may already be protected under their family's health plan.If not,many
colleges offer_________(6)own plans.
The University of Michigan will be our example.Students pay a health service fee.
Then there is no extra charge when they are treated for minor__________(7)problems at
the University Health Center. But the school wants students to have health insurance to pay
_______(8)other services.
The insurance plan________(9)by the university costs about one thousand seven
hundred dollars a year. Such health insurance_________(10)generally pay for hospital
services,emergency room care and visits to doctors.They___________(11)do not pay
for care of the teeth.And they usually do not pay for treatment of medical conditions that
existed________(12)the student arrived at school.
International students at the University of Michigan have two________(13).They
can buy the university health plan.Or they can________(14)private insurance that is
approved by the university.
The school also offers a special International Student Insurance Plan.This pays for
most of the services offered__________(15)the University Health Center that are not
included in the health service fee._________(6)
A: our
B:its
C:his
D:their答案：D解析： -
第14题：
共用题干
第二篇
As we have seen,the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors,such as poor eating habits,smoking,and failure to exercise.The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight , but does not eat very nutritious（有营养的）foods , who feels OK but exercises only occasionally , who goes to work every day , but is not an outstanding worker,who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts,but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely "not ill" and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called "well".In recent years,however,some health specialists have begun to apply the terms "well" and "weilness" only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their body's condition.Most importantly,perhaps,people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health.Even people who have a physical disease or handicap（缺陷）may be "well" ,in this new sense,if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations."Wellness" may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes.And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living,the concept of weilness can have a beneficial impact on the way in which people face the challenges of daily life.What is the author's purpose in writing this article?
A: To criticize the traditional view of the medical care.
B:To compare the differences between the modern medical care and the traditional medical care.
C:To tell us the change of the focus of medical care.
D:To tell us the importance of the medical care.答案：C解析：细节题。根据第一段第一句“…the focus of medical care in our society has been-shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors...”可知，今天医疗保健的焦点已经从疾病治疗转移到疾病预防上来，尤其体现在改变我们不健康的行为上。因此，选项C“改变人们不良的生活习惯”与文章相符。
主旨题。由第一段倒数三句“This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.”可知，这个人虽然有一些不良习惯和不适的症状，但是没有患病，甚至也没有患病的风险，然而，我们可以想象这个人本来可以更健康。由此可知，选项A“健康不仅仅是没有病”符合文意。
推断题。根据第二段第一、二句“The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely'not ill'and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called 'well'.”可知，传统上，医学界把没病的人和十分健康的人都称作“身体良好的人”。因此，选项D“没病就是身体良好”符合文意。
细节题。根据第二段的倒数第三句“'Weilness' may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal than people can strive for.”可知，“健康”并不是我们可能获得的一种健康的状态，而是一种我们要努力争取的理念。因此选项B 符合题意。
主旨题。文章第一段提出医疗保健的焦点由疾病治疗转到疾病预防；第二段首先阐述了传统医疗保健观点和现在医疗保健观点对健康的定义，之后依据现在医疗保健观点给健康作出了更积极的定义，可见选项C符合题意。选项A"旨在批判医疗保健的传统观点”是对原文的曲解，原文只是提出新的观点，并没有批驳传统的医疗保健；选项B"旨在对比传统和现在医疗保健观、点的不同”不是本文的写作目的，比较的目的在于强调现在的医疗观；选项D"旨在告诉我们医疗保健的重要性”文中并未提及。 -
第15题：
共用题干
第二篇
As we have seen,the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors,such as poor eating habits,smoking,and failure to exercise.The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight , but does not eat very nutritious（有营养的）foods , who feels OK but exercises only occasionally , who goes to work every day , but is not an outstanding worker,who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts,but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely "not ill" and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called "well".In recent years,however,some health specialists have begun to apply the terms "well" and "weilness" only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their body's condition.Most importantly,perhaps,people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health.Even people who have a physical disease or handicap（缺陷）may be "well" ,in this new sense,if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations."Wellness" may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes.And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living,the concept of weilness can have a beneficial impact on the way in which people face the challenges of daily life.According to the second paragraph about the traditional care,which statement is true?
A:if the person does not have' any unhealthy living habits,he is considered "well".
B:If the person does not have any psychological disease,he is considererd "well".
C:If the person could be able to handle his daily routines,he is considererd "well".
D:If the nerson could be free from any kind of disease.he is considererd "well".答案：D解析：细节题。根据第一段第一句“…the focus of medical care in our society has been-shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors...”可知，今天医疗保健的焦点已经从疾病治疗转移到疾病预防上来，尤其体现在改变我们不健康的行为上。因此，选项C“改变人们不良的生活习惯”与文章相符。
主旨题。由第一段倒数三句“This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.”可知，这个人虽然有一些不良习惯和不适的症状，但是没有患病，甚至也没有患病的风险，然而，我们可以想象这个人本来可以更健康。由此可知，选项A“健康不仅仅是没有病”符合文意。
推断题。根据第二段第一、二句“The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely'not ill'and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called 'well'.”可知，传统上，医学界把没病的人和十分健康的人都称作“身体良好的人”。因此，选项D“没病就是身体良好”符合文意。
细节题。根据第二段的倒数第三句“'Weilness' may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal than people can strive for.”可知，“健康”并不是我们可能获得的一种健康的状态，而是一种我们要努力争取的理念。因此选项B 符合题意。
主旨题。文章第一段提出医疗保健的焦点由疾病治疗转到疾病预防；第二段首先阐述了传统医疗保健观点和现在医疗保健观点对健康的定义，之后依据现在医疗保健观点给健康作出了更积极的定义，可见选项C符合题意。选项A"旨在批判医疗保健的传统观点”是对原文的曲解，原文只是提出新的观点，并没有批驳传统的医疗保健；选项B"旨在对比传统和现在医疗保健观、点的不同”不是本文的写作目的，比较的目的在于强调现在的医疗观；选项D"旨在告诉我们医疗保健的重要性”文中并未提及。 -
第16题：
共用题干
Health Care in the US
Health care in the US is well-known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a
major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.
Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees'
doctors' bills.
The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly. It all depends
on what insurance the employer pays.The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the
more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick. In 2004,the average
worker paid an extra US$558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.
The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks（遭遗漏）.In 2004,
only 61 percent of the population received health insurance through their employers,
according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated
students with no jobs were not included,
Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first
day on the job.Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they
are now considered independent adults.They also cannot buy university health insurance because they
are no longer students.
Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students.All
are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it,But exact
policies（保险单）differ from school to school.
Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan
for students.Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than
buying direct from the insurance company.IntheUS,graduated students with no jobs can buy university health insurance.
A:R:ght
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析： -
第17题：
共用题干
Health care in the US is well known but very expensive.Paying the doctor's bill after a major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.
In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.
The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly.It all depends on what insurance the employer pays.The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick.In 2004,the average worker paid an extra $558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.
The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks（遭遗漏）.In 2004,only 61 percent of the population received health insurance through their employers,according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated students with no jobs were not included.
Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first day on the job.Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they are now considered independent adults.They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.
Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students.All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it. But exact policies（保险单）differ from school to school.
Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan for students.Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than buying directly from the insurance company.The international students in the US work harder than the American students.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：C解析：答案相关句在第二段：“Employers have contracts with insurance companies, which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.”所以选A。
答案在第三段，保险公司支付给病人的金额有很大区别。这取决于雇主支付的保险费。雇主支付给保险公司的越少，员工每次看病时付给医院的就越多。因此，员工的医疗保险是不同的。
文章中没有相关信息说明2004年失业的大多数人是女性，所以选C。
答案相关句在文章第五段最后一句："They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.”所以选B。
答案相关句在倒数第二段第二句："All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it.”所以选A。
本文讲的是美国的健康保险。"The international students in the US work harder than the American students.”并未提到。因此选C。
文章的四、五、六段都在讲美国health care system遗漏的群体。因此选B。 -
第18题：
共用题干
第二篇
As we have seen,the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors,such as poor eating habits,smoking,and failure to exercise.The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight , but does not eat very nutritious（有营养的）foods , who feels OK but exercises only occasionally , who goes to work every day , but is not an outstanding worker,who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts,but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely "not ill" and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called "well".In recent years,however,some health specialists have begun to apply the terms "well" and "weilness" only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their body's condition.Most importantly,perhaps,people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health.Even people who have a physical disease or handicap（缺陷）may be "well" ,in this new sense,if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations."Wellness" may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes.And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living,the concept of weilness can have a beneficial impact on the way in which people face the challenges of daily life.According to the author,the true meaning of"weilness"is for people_________.
A:to best satisfy their body's special needs
B:to strive to maintain the best possible health
C:to meet the strictest standards of bodily health
D:to keep a proper balance between work and leisure答案：B解析：细节题。根据第一段第一句“…the focus of medical care in our society has been-shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors...”可知，今天医疗保健的焦点已经从疾病治疗转移到疾病预防上来，尤其体现在改变我们不健康的行为上。因此，选项C“改变人们不良的生活习惯”与文章相符。
主旨题。由第一段倒数三句“This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.”可知，这个人虽然有一些不良习惯和不适的症状，但是没有患病，甚至也没有患病的风险，然而，我们可以想象这个人本来可以更健康。由此可知，选项A“健康不仅仅是没有病”符合文意。
推断题。根据第二段第一、二句“The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely'not ill'and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called 'well'.”可知，传统上，医学界把没病的人和十分健康的人都称作“身体良好的人”。因此，选项D“没病就是身体良好”符合文意。
细节题。根据第二段的倒数第三句“'Weilness' may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal than people can strive for.”可知，“健康”并不是我们可能获得的一种健康的状态，而是一种我们要努力争取的理念。因此选项B 符合题意。
主旨题。文章第一段提出医疗保健的焦点由疾病治疗转到疾病预防；第二段首先阐述了传统医疗保健观点和现在医疗保健观点对健康的定义，之后依据现在医疗保健观点给健康作出了更积极的定义，可见选项C符合题意。选项A"旨在批判医疗保健的传统观点”是对原文的曲解，原文只是提出新的观点，并没有批驳传统的医疗保健；选项B"旨在对比传统和现在医疗保健观、点的不同”不是本文的写作目的，比较的目的在于强调现在的医疗观；选项D"旨在告诉我们医疗保健的重要性”文中并未提及。 -
第19题：
共用题干
Disease,Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention
Disease may be defined as the abnormal state in which part or all of the body is not properly adjusted or is not capable of carrying on all its required functions.There are marked variations in the extent of the disease and in its effect on the person.
In order to treat a disease,the doctor obviously must first determine the nature of the illness-that is, make a diagnosis.A diagnosis is the conclusion drawn from a number of facts put together.The doctor must know the symptoms,which are the changes in body function felt by the patient;and the signs(also called objective symptoms)which the doctor himself can observe.Sometimes a characteristic group of signs(or symptoms)accompanied a given disease.Such a group is called a syndrome.Frequently certain laboratory tests are performed and the results evaluated by the physician in making his diagnosis.
Although nurses do not diagnose,they play an extremely valuable role in this process by observing closely for signs,encouraging the patient to talk about himself and his symptoms,and then reporting this in- formation to the doctor.Once the patient's disorder is known,the doctor prescribes a course of treatment, also referred to as therapy.Many measures in this course of treatment are carried out by the nurse under the physician's orders.
In recent years physicians,nurses and other health workers have taken on increasing responsibilities in prevention.Throughout most of medical history,the physician's aim has been to cure a patient of an existing disease.However,the modern concept of prevention seeks to stop disease before it actually happens-to keep people well through the promotion of health.A vast number of organizations exist for this purpose, ranging from the World Health Organization(WHO)on an international level down to local private and community health programs.A rapidly growing responsibility of the nursing profession is educating individual patients toward the maintenance of total health-physical and mental.The diagnostic aids are indispensable in any case for a physician to diagnose a disease.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析：由文章第一段第一句的内容可知，疾病的定义是身体的某个部分或全身不能正常调节或不能维持其所应有功能的异常状态。题干的描述与之一致，故选A。
文章第二段第五句中提到了syndrome这个词，前一句的内容是对syndrome的解释，即一种疾病有一组典型的特征或症状，和题干的描述一致，故选A。
由文章第二段最后一句可知，医生在诊断时会经常进行实验室实验以及结果评估。而题干的内容是：医生在任何情况下诊断疾病时辅助诊断手段都是必需的。故本题选B。
由文章第三段第一句可知，护士需要将病人的有关信息报告给医生。最后一句中还提到，护士在实施治疗过程中还要有医生的指示。题干的描述不正确。故本题选B。
由文章第四段第二、三句可知，一直以来，医生致力于治疗已显现的疾病，而现代的预防理论寻求的是防患于未然，通过健康水平的提高来使州门免于疾病。题干的描述正确，故选A。
文章的第四段中提到，为了预防疾病的发生、增进人们的健康，很多卫生组织得以设立，从国际卫生组织到地方的医疗机构，但并未提及世界上每个国家都设立了此类组织。故本题选C。
文章的最后一句中提到了生理健康和心理健康，但此处只提到护理职业在教导病人保持身心的全面健康方面肩负着越来越多的责任，而并未涉及题干表述的内容，故选C。 -
第20题：
共用题干
Disease,Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention
Disease may be defined as the abnormal state in which part or all of the body is not properly adjusted or is not capable of carrying on all its required functions.There are marked variations in the extent of the disease and in its effect on the person.
In order to treat a disease,the doctor obviously must first determine the nature of the illness-that is, make a diagnosis.A diagnosis is the conclusion drawn from a number of facts put together.The doctor must know the symptoms,which are the changes in body function felt by the patient;and the signs(also called objective symptoms)which the doctor himself can observe.Sometimes a characteristic group of signs(or symptoms)accompanied a given disease.Such a group is called a syndrome.Frequently certain laboratory tests are performed and the results evaluated by the physician in making his diagnosis.
Although nurses do not diagnose,they play an extremely valuable role in this process by observing closely for signs,encouraging the patient to talk about himself and his symptoms,and then reporting this in- formation to the doctor.Once the patient's disorder is known,the doctor prescribes a course of treatment, also referred to as therapy.Many measures in this course of treatment are carried out by the nurse under the physician's orders.
In recent years physicians,nurses and other health workers have taken on increasing responsibilities in prevention.Throughout most of medical history,the physician's aim has been to cure a patient of an existing disease.However,the modern concept of prevention seeks to stop disease before it actually happens-to keep people well through the promotion of health.A vast number of organizations exist for this purpose, ranging from the World Health Organization(WHO)on an international level down to local private and community health programs.A rapidly growing responsibility of the nursing profession is educating individual patients toward the maintenance of total health-physical and mental.Generally speaking,the physician is more willing to treat patients'physical disease than their mental illness.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：C解析：由文章第一段第一句的内容可知，疾病的定义是身体的某个部分或全身不能正常调节或不能维持其所应有功能的异常状态。题干的描述与之一致，故选A。
文章第二段第五句中提到了syndrome这个词，前一句的内容是对syndrome的解释，即一种疾病有一组典型的特征或症状，和题干的描述一致，故选A。
由文章第二段最后一句可知，医生在诊断时会经常进行实验室实验以及结果评估。而题干的内容是：医生在任何情况下诊断疾病时辅助诊断手段都是必需的。故本题选B。
由文章第三段第一句可知，护士需要将病人的有关信息报告给医生。最后一句中还提到，护士在实施治疗过程中还要有医生的指示。题干的描述不正确。故本题选B。
由文章第四段第二、三句可知，一直以来，医生致力于治疗已显现的疾病，而现代的预防理论寻求的是防患于未然，通过健康水平的提高来使州门免于疾病。题干的描述正确，故选A。
文章的第四段中提到，为了预防疾病的发生、增进人们的健康，很多卫生组织得以设立，从国际卫生组织到地方的医疗机构，但并未提及世界上每个国家都设立了此类组织。故本题选C。
文章的最后一句中提到了生理健康和心理健康，但此处只提到护理职业在教导病人保持身心的全面健康方面肩负着越来越多的责任，而并未涉及题干表述的内容，故选C。 -
第21题：
共用题干
第一篇
US to Start $3.2 Billion Child Health Study in January
A study that will cost$3.2 billion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 US children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January,US health officials said on Friday.
Officials from the US government's National Institutes of Health said they hope the study,to be conducted at 105 locations throughout the United States,can help identify early-life influences that affect later development,with the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness.
The study will examine hereditary（遗传的）and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health.
Researchers will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air,water,dust and materials used to construct their residences,the NIH said.
Officials said more than $200 million has been spent already and the study is projected to cost$3.2 billion.
"We anticipate that in the long term（从长远来说）,what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nation's health care costs,"Dr. Duane Alexander,who heads the NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,told reporters.
The study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up（签订协议）pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21.
Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth（早产）,which has become more common in recent years,according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH,who heads the study.
The people taking part will be from rural,urban and suburban areas,from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups,the NIH said.The aim of the study is to find new ways to______.
A:conduct research
B:track public health
C:prevent or treat illness
D:speed up development答案：C解析：短文的第二段提到了此项研究的goal，即aim，这便是learning new ways to treat or prevent illness。
A、B、C三项在短文的第四段都有提及。D项不正确，应该是samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air,water,dust and materials used to construct their residences（参加研究的妇女及其婴儿家中的空气与水等物质）。
短文的第六段说到，预计从长远的角度讲，此项研究将节约大笔国家卫生保健费用。
短文的第一段及倒数第三段都说到，这些婴儿将从出生前一直被跟踪到 21岁。
A、B、C三项在短文的最后一段都有提及，而D是错误的，因为研究对象都是怀孕的妇女，不是所有年龄段的人们。 -
第22题：
共用题干
第一篇
US to Start$3.2 Billion Child Health Study in January
A stu街that will cost $3.2 billion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 US children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January,US health officials said on Friday.
Officials from the US government's National Institutes of Health said they hope the study,to be conducted at 105 locations throughout the United States,can help identify early-life influences that affect later development,with the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness.The study will examine hereditary（遗传的）and environmental factors such as exposure to certamn chemicals that affect health.Researchers will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air,water,dust and materials used to construct their residences,the NIH said.
Officials said more than $200 million has been spent already and the study is projected to cost $3.2 billion."We anticipate that in the long term（从长远说来）,what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nation's health care costs,"Dr. Duane Alexander,who heads the NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development,told reporters.The study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21.
Some of the early findings will be about factors behind preterm birth（早产）,which has become more common in recent years,according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH,who heads the study.The people taking part will be from rural,urban and suburban areas,from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups,the NIH said.The babies of the participants will be followed_______.
A:throughout their lives
B:for more than two decades
C:from birth to 21 months
D:until they get married答案：B解析：短文的第二段提到了此项研究的目标：learning new ways to treat or preventillness.
前三项在短文的第四段都有提及，第四项应该是“参加研究的妇女及婴儿家中的空气与水等物质，”而不是“医院中的空气与水”。
短文的第六段说，从长远的角度讲，此项研究将有利于国家卫生保健费用开支的节约。
短文的第一段以及倒数第三段都说到，这些婴儿将从出生前一直被跟踪到21岁。
前三项在短文的最后一段都有提及，只有第四项是错误的，不可能是所有年龄段的人。 -
第23题：
问答题The On-going Debate over Healthcare Reform It seems that the government’s so-called Blue Ribbon Commission has already decided what plan it will propose without undertaking any public consultation and is now merely engaged in a PR campaign to convince us they have the answer. This seems a little head over heels to us. Since it is our money and our health that is in question, shouldn’t we have been consulted at the break about which way we want to go? There are several models to achieve healthcare reform, and not all of them require us to hand more money over to keep government bureaucrats in big offices. Purely private healthcare may have big problems—but so does the socialised medicine the commission is recommending. For example, Canada’s universal system of socialised medicine is now busily engaged in transferring costs from the public to the private sector… by reducing covered expenses, by de-insuring some expenses and so on. Medical authorities are on record as saying that in an effort to manage costs, hospital stays are being shortened (or even dispensed with altogether). So while we in the Bahamas are citing universal ‘free’ health care as the answer to our problems, in Canada there is an uncoordinated scramble by the public system to reduce and offload the effects of rising health care costs. And we won’t even mention the litany of complaints from users who have to wait for poor service. But what mostly concerns us about the Blue Ribbon Commission is that they have plumped for social health insurance without determining the cost of their recommended programmer, or of the alternatives. And they do not seem to have taken into account the impact this plan will have on the fiscal deficit or on our individual pockets. Apparently, the position is that whatever the cost, this is the plan that will be presented to parliament. An initiative so far-reaching and so potentially damaging to our economy, should require more careful assessment of the alternatives in public. There is always more than one way to skin a cat. And we do not believe that a small group of consultants constitutes ‘the public’.正确答案： 【参考译文】
关于医疗改革的争论仍在继续 看来政府所谓的特别委员会还未曾征询公众的意见,就已经决定了要向政府建议实行哪一项医疗改革计划。现在,他们只需要搞一场公关活动,说服我们相信他们的决定就行了。
然而,对我们而言,这样的做法似乎有点搞颠倒了。医疗改革关系到我们的金钱和健康,难道不应该首先问问我们想怎么改吗?
医疗改革的模式有好几种,并不是每种模式都需要我们投入更多的钱,好让那些政府官僚舒舒服服地坐在宽敞的办公室里。医疗卫生完全私有化也许会有大问题,但是委员会所推荐的公费医疗制也一样问题重重。
例如,加拿大的全民公费医疗体制现正通过缩小公费医疗项目的范围以及限制保险等方式尽可能地将公费医疗的费用转移到私人承担部分。
该国医疗当局公开宣布,为了解决资金问题,患者住院的时间正逐步缩短,将来甚至还会完全取消住院这一项。
当我们还在巴哈马群岛采用全民“免费”医疗体制作为医疗改革的方向时,加拿大的公共体制关于降低、抵消不断上升的医疗成本的争论早已此起彼伏了,更不用说那些满腹牢骚的患者了,他们苦苦等来的只是劣质的医疗服务。
不过我们最关心的问题还是,特选委员会虽然已经投票赞成公费医疗保险制度,可他们并没有搞清楚这种改革方案或是其他方案到底需要多少资金。
而且他们似乎也没有考虑过这样的计划将会对国家的财政赤字或是我们个人的腰包产生什么样的影响。显而易见,现在的情况就是,无论要花多少钱,提交给国会的方案就是这个了。
像这样一个影响范围如此之广,而且可能对我国经济造成巨大损失的提案,应该由公众对它及其他可供选择的方案进行更为谨慎的评估。解决问题的办法从来都不只一个。我们可不认为一小撮顾问的意见就可以代表“公众”的意见。解析： 暂无解析