共用题干 Water一the Issue of This CenturyThe world is running short of freshwater. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier （渴的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last

题目
共用题干
Water一the Issue of This Century
The world is running short of freshwater. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier （渴的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that wa- ter use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.
The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world's population,concentrated in Africa,the Middle East and south Asia,will face“severe water shortages”by 2025.Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some re- gions.
A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities,the Bank says.
The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.
Fresh water consumption is rising quickly,and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.
A third of the world's popu1ation一around two billion people一live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages.That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions（制度）change to ensure better conservation and alloca- tion of water.
China is one country where the portents（征兆）are gloomy. The most waterstressed country in East Asia,China is exploiting 44%of its usable water,a figure projected to rise to6O%by 2020.Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60%is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although
China's total use appears still to be reasonable,it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.
Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the Middle East and North Africa,only Morocco has unexploited water resources.The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers （蓄水层）一bodies of water-bearing rock一the report says.

Most developed countries will face water shortages in 20 years.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
相似考题

1.Many of the world’s great novels are reported ________ into films last year.A.to makeB.to have been madeC.to have madeD.to be making

2.Before and during World War II, families faced few financial problems in the industrialized world, so women didn’t have to work outside the home. Families were perfect.()

3.If a refrigeration system were short of refrigerant, the condition would result inA.continuous running of the compressorB.high suction pressureC.high discharge pressureD.short cycling of the compressor on the water failure switch

4.EThe need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage（短缺）seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfull country, many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seaons, the costs of water redistribution(重新分配)are very high. Notonly is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys(山谷)are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water many flow easily through pipes to fields,but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling ro countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation（灌溉）. In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrigation water be resulted in a 25% redcution of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of south eastern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry vallege, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.Saudi Arabia’s attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have been the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.72. From the first two paragraphs we learnt that _______.A.much of the world’s water is available for useB.people in high rainfll countries feel luckyC.the costs of water redistribution should be consideredD.water can be easily carried through pipes across the world

更多“共用题干 Water一the Issue of This CenturyThe world is running short of freshwater. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier （渴的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last ”相关问题

  • 第1题：

    By saying "the world has been spared a t.rue water war" (Line 1, Para.4), the author means（ ）

    [A] the water supply in the world is more than needed

    [B] the world has saved enough water to avoid the war

    [C] the world has never suffered a war triggered by water

    [D] the world spares no effort to avoid a war caused by water


    正确答案：C

  • 第2题：

    共用题干
    Water一the Issue of This Century
    The world is running short of freshwater. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier （渴的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that wa- ter use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.
    The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world's population,concentrated in Africa,the Middle East and south Asia,will face“severe water shortages”by 2025.Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some re- gions.
    A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities,the Bank says.
    The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.
    Fresh water consumption is rising quickly,and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.
    A third of the world's popu1ation一around two billion people一live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages.That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions（制度）change to ensure better conservation and alloca- tion of water.
    China is one country where the portents（征兆）are gloomy. The most waterstressed country in East Asia,China is exploiting 44%of its usable water,a figure projected to rise to6O%by 2020.Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60%is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although
    China's total use appears still to be reasonable,it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.
    Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the Middle East and North Africa,only Morocco has unexploited water resources.The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers （蓄水层）一bodies of water-bearing rock一the report says.

    Most of the world's population may live within 100km of the sea in 2025.
    A: Right
    B: Wrong
    C: Not mentioned

    答案：A
    解析：
    题干意为“据估计，30年以后水的使用量将增加50%”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语water use, 50% , next 30 years作为定位线索，在短文第一段中寻找到相关句： The world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier（渴 的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years．相关句（带下划线的句子）意为“在上个世纪的100年里世界上一半的沼泽地已经消失了，而依据人们的估计来看，30年后水的使用量将增加50%”, 很明显题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关内容一致，因此题干陈述了正确的信息。所以答案为A。
    题干意为“大多数发达国家20年以后将面临水的短缺问题”。利用题干中 的细节信息词/短语most developed countries, water shortages, in 20 years作为定位线索， 结果发现most developed countries根本没有在短文中出现，短文中也没有具体提到发达国家水短缺的情况，因此题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信息。所以答案为C。
    题干意为“到了2025年，地球上大多数的人可能会生活在距离海洋100公 里的范围里”。利用题干中的细节信息短语most of the world's population, 100km of the sea, in 2025作为定位线索，这样在第三段中找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people（与题干中的most of the world's population呼应）may live within 100km of the sea in 2025 , putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（第三段第二句）提到“到2025年，世界上3/4的人将可能生活在距离海洋100公里的范围里”，显然题干陈述的意义与短文相关内容一致。所以答案为A。到目前为 止，在完成的3道题的答案里出现了2个A,1个C，剩下的4道题肯定至少会出现1-3个 B，因此如果考虑节约答题时间，剩下的4小题全选B，这样在该阅读理解题上就通过完成3 小题而直接拿到5小题的分数（即拿到5分！)
    题干意为“几乎所有的珊瑚礁都可能在10。年后消失”。利用题干中的细节 信息短语almost all coral reefs, in 100 years作为定位线索，这样在第三段中找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（第三段倒数第二句）意为“2/3的渔业开发已经处于可承受的边缘，甚至超出了可承受的范围，世界上一半的珊瑚礁可能会在100年后消失”。短文提到“一半的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失，而不是“几乎所有的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失，因此题干陈述的信息与短文内 容不一致。所以答案为B。
    题干意为“大西洋中的一些鱼类正处于危险的状况中”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语some species of fish, Atlantic, dangerously low levels作为定位线索，在第三段 中寻找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业） are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（带下划线的句子）提到“世界银行说几乎有60%的珊瑚礁和34%的鱼 类因为人类的活动而处于危险的状况中”，这个句子陈述的是全世界鱼类的情况，至于在大西洋是否也是这样，该句中没有提到，依据该句意义也无法推断出大西洋地区鱼类的情况。短文中的其他句子没有再提及鱼类的情况，由此可判断出题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信 息。所以答案为C。
    题干意为“世界银行的报告意味着应该采取紧急行动来保护水资源的供 应”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语the World Bank report, urgent action, water supplies 作为定位线索，在第四段中寻找到相关句：The report（指上文中提到的世界银行的报告） concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safe- guard supplies and use water more efficiently．第四段是一个独立成段句，该段意为“那份报告得出的结论是有大量的证据证明应该立刻采取协调一致的行动来保护水资源的供应，并更有效地使用水资源”。显然题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关意义一致，因此答案为A。
    题干意为“印度（现在）超过了水资源的环境使用极限”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语India , environmental limits , water use作为定位线索，在最后一段中寻找到相关句：Withdrawals（与上文中提到的withdrawal of water<水资源的使用>呼应）exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the

  • 第3题：

    共用题干
    Water一the Issue of This Century
    The world is running short of freshwater. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier （渴的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that wa- ter use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.
    The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world's population,concentrated in Africa,the Middle East and south Asia,will face“severe water shortages”by 2025.Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some re- gions.
    A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities,the Bank says.
    The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.
    Fresh water consumption is rising quickly,and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.
    A third of the world's popu1ation一around two billion people一live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages.That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions（制度）change to ensure better conservation and alloca- tion of water.
    China is one country where the portents（征兆）are gloomy. The most waterstressed country in East Asia,China is exploiting 44%of its usable water,a figure projected to rise to6O%by 2020.Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60%is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although
    China's total use appears still to be reasonable,it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.
    Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the Middle East and North Africa,only Morocco has unexploited water resources.The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers （蓄水层）一bodies of water-bearing rock一the report says.

    Almost all coral reefs may disappear in 100 years.
    A: Right
    B: Wrong
    C: Not mentioned

    答案：B
    解析：
    题干意为“据估计，30年以后水的使用量将增加50%”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语water use, 50% , next 30 years作为定位线索，在短文第一段中寻找到相关句： The world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier（渴 的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years．相关句（带下划线的句子）意为“在上个世纪的100年里世界上一半的沼泽地已经消失了，而依据人们的估计来看，30年后水的使用量将增加50%”, 很明显题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关内容一致，因此题干陈述了正确的信息。所以答案为A。
    题干意为“大多数发达国家20年以后将面临水的短缺问题”。利用题干中 的细节信息词/短语most developed countries, water shortages, in 20 years作为定位线索， 结果发现most developed countries根本没有在短文中出现，短文中也没有具体提到发达国家水短缺的情况，因此题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信息。所以答案为C。
    题干意为“到了2025年，地球上大多数的人可能会生活在距离海洋100公 里的范围里”。利用题干中的细节信息短语most of the world's population, 100km of the sea, in 2025作为定位线索，这样在第三段中找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people（与题干中的most of the world's population呼应）may live within 100km of the sea in 2025 , putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（第三段第二句）提到“到2025年，世界上3/4的人将可能生活在距离海洋100公里的范围里”，显然题干陈述的意义与短文相关内容一致。所以答案为A。到目前为 止，在完成的3道题的答案里出现了2个A,1个C，剩下的4道题肯定至少会出现1-3个 B，因此如果考虑节约答题时间，剩下的4小题全选B，这样在该阅读理解题上就通过完成3 小题而直接拿到5小题的分数（即拿到5分！)
    题干意为“几乎所有的珊瑚礁都可能在10。年后消失”。利用题干中的细节 信息短语almost all coral reefs, in 100 years作为定位线索，这样在第三段中找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（第三段倒数第二句）意为“2/3的渔业开发已经处于可承受的边缘，甚至超出了可承受的范围，世界上一半的珊瑚礁可能会在100年后消失”。短文提到“一半的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失，而不是“几乎所有的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失，因此题干陈述的信息与短文内 容不一致。所以答案为B。
    题干意为“大西洋中的一些鱼类正处于危险的状况中”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语some species of fish, Atlantic, dangerously low levels作为定位线索，在第三段 中寻找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业） are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（带下划线的句子）提到“世界银行说几乎有60%的珊瑚礁和34%的鱼 类因为人类的活动而处于危险的状况中”，这个句子陈述的是全世界鱼类的情况，至于在大西洋是否也是这样，该句中没有提到，依据该句意义也无法推断出大西洋地区鱼类的情况。短文中的其他句子没有再提及鱼类的情况，由此可判断出题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信 息。所以答案为C。
    题干意为“世界银行的报告意味着应该采取紧急行动来保护水资源的供 应”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语the World Bank report, urgent action, water supplies 作为定位线索，在第四段中寻找到相关句：The report（指上文中提到的世界银行的报告） concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safe- guard supplies and use water more efficiently．第四段是一个独立成段句，该段意为“那份报告得出的结论是有大量的证据证明应该立刻采取协调一致的行动来保护水资源的供应，并更有效地使用水资源”。显然题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关意义一致，因此答案为A。
    题干意为“印度（现在）超过了水资源的环境使用极限”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语India , environmental limits , water use作为定位线索，在最后一段中寻找到相关句：Withdrawals（与上文中提到的withdrawal of water<水资源的使用>呼应）exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the

  • 第4题：

    共用题干
    New Foods and the New World
    In the last 500 years,nothing about people—not their clothes,ideas,or languages—has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians .The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500's .And although it was very expensive,it quickly became fashionable.In London,shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
    The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600,the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe,where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the“Potato Famine”of 1845—1846,and thou- sands more were forced to emigrate to America.
    There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee,and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries.But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.
    According to an Arabic legend,coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush.He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake”feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with.

    The Arabic legend is used to prove that
    A:.coffee was first discovered by Kaldi
    B: coffee was first discovered by Kaldi's goats
    C:.coffee was first discovered in south American countries
    D: coffee drinks were first made by Arabs

    答案：D
    解析：
    细节题。第一段第一句： In the last 500 years , nothing about people—not their clothes,ideas , or languages—has changed as much as what they eat.（在过去的500年中，没有任何关于人类的东西，如他们的衣服，观点或语言，会像他们吃的食物变化那么大）同时使用比较级和否定词表示最高级，意思恰恰就是A选项的内容。


    细节题。从第一段最后两句话：London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.（在伦敦，供应巧克力饮料的店铺成为了重要的聚会地点。直到今天还存在一些这样的店铺）可以推断这里的some指的就是London shops。


    细节题。第二段第三句：Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “ Potato Famine ” of 1845～1846.（爱尔兰人非常依赖土豆，在1845年到1846年期间的土豆饥荒中成千上万的爱尔兰人由于土豆欠收而挨俄）。强调the crop failed , the crop即potato。 A项没有说明土豆欠收这个关键事实；B项是starve导致的结果，并非原因;C项文章并未提及。


    细节题。根据第三段倒数第二句：But it is native（本土的、当地的）to Ethiopia．句中it即指coffee，意思是咖啡最早产自埃塞俄比亚。A、B项和But it is native to Ethiopia矛盾；根据第三段最后一句：Arabs最早将咖啡制作为饮品。可以推断D是错误的。


    推断题。第三段最后一句：It ( coffee ) was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.最后一段讲述这个阿拉伯传说就是为了证明阿位伯人首先发明了咖啡这种饮品，即D选项的内容。

  • 第5题：

    共用题干
    New Foods and the New World
    In the last 500 years,nothing about people—not their clothes,ideas,or languages—has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians .The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500's .And although it was very expensive,it quickly became fashionable.In London,shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
    The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600,the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe,where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the“Potato Famine”of 1845—1846,and thou- sands more were forced to emigrate to America.
    There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee,and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries.But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.
    According to an Arabic legend,coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush.He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake”feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with.

    According to the passage,which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?
    A: Food.
    B: Chocolate.
    C:Potato.
    D: Coffee.

    答案：A
    解析：
    细节题。第一段第一句： In the last 500 years , nothing about people—not their clothes,ideas , or languages—has changed as much as what they eat.（在过去的500年中，没有任何关于人类的东西，如他们的衣服，观点或语言，会像他们吃的食物变化那么大）同时使用比较级和否定词表示最高级，意思恰恰就是A选项的内容。


    细节题。从第一段最后两句话：London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.（在伦敦，供应巧克力饮料的店铺成为了重要的聚会地点。直到今天还存在一些这样的店铺）可以推断这里的some指的就是London shops。


    细节题。第二段第三句：Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “ Potato Famine ” of 1845～1846.（爱尔兰人非常依赖土豆，在1845年到1846年期间的土豆饥荒中成千上万的爱尔兰人由于土豆欠收而挨俄）。强调the crop failed , the crop即potato。 A项没有说明土豆欠收这个关键事实；B项是starve导致的结果，并非原因;C项文章并未提及。


    细节题。根据第三段倒数第二句：But it is native（本土的、当地的）to Ethiopia．句中it即指coffee，意思是咖啡最早产自埃塞俄比亚。A、B项和But it is native to Ethiopia矛盾；根据第三段最后一句：Arabs最早将咖啡制作为饮品。可以推断D是错误的。


    推断题。第三段最后一句：It ( coffee ) was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.最后一段讲述这个阿拉伯传说就是为了证明阿位伯人首先发明了咖啡这种饮品，即D选项的内容。

  • 第6题：

    共用题干
    New Foods and the New World
    In the last 500 years,nothing about people—not their clothes,ideas,or languages—has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians .The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500's .And although it was very expensive,it quickly became fashionable.In London,shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
    The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600,the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe,where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the“Potato Famine”of 1845—1846,and thou- sands more were forced to emigrate to America.
    There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee,and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries.But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.
    According to an Arabic legend,coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush.He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake”feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with.

    Thousands of Irish people starved during the“Potato Famine”because______.
    A: they were so dependent on the potato that they refused to eat anything else
    B: they were forced to emigrate to America
    C: the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing the potato
    D:.the potato harvest was bad

    答案：D
    解析：
    细节题。第一段第一句： In the last 500 years , nothing about people—not their clothes,ideas , or languages—has changed as much as what they eat.（在过去的500年中，没有任何关于人类的东西，如他们的衣服，观点或语言，会像他们吃的食物变化那么大）同时使用比较级和否定词表示最高级，意思恰恰就是A选项的内容。


    细节题。从第一段最后两句话：London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.（在伦敦，供应巧克力饮料的店铺成为了重要的聚会地点。直到今天还存在一些这样的店铺）可以推断这里的some指的就是London shops。


    细节题。第二段第三句：Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “ Potato Famine ” of 1845～1846.（爱尔兰人非常依赖土豆，在1845年到1846年期间的土豆饥荒中成千上万的爱尔兰人由于土豆欠收而挨俄）。强调the crop failed , the crop即potato。 A项没有说明土豆欠收这个关键事实；B项是starve导致的结果，并非原因;C项文章并未提及。


    细节题。根据第三段倒数第二句：But it is native（本土的、当地的）to Ethiopia．句中it即指coffee，意思是咖啡最早产自埃塞俄比亚。A、B项和But it is native to Ethiopia矛盾；根据第三段最后一句：Arabs最早将咖啡制作为饮品。可以推断D是错误的。


    推断题。第三段最后一句：It ( coffee ) was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.最后一段讲述这个阿拉伯传说就是为了证明阿位伯人首先发明了咖啡这种饮品，即D选项的内容。

  • 第7题：

    问答题
    Pollution　　1)Pollution is a problem because man, in an increasingly populated and industrialized world，is upsetting the environment in which he lives. 2) Many scientists maintain that one of man's greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement. 3) Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspicion incase their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life. 4) The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air, water and land. 5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living. 6) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment.

    正确答案：
    污染 污染已成为问题,因为在当今人口越来越多,社会越来越工业化的世界上,人类正在污染他们居住的环境。2)许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。3)现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业,因为它们的副作用会破坏环境,破坏各种生命之间的关系。4)人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。5)伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。6)这个问题已经引起人们时生物及其环境的日益关注。
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第8题：

    问答题
    Pollution is a problem because man, in an increasingly populated and industrialized world, is upsetting the environment in which he lives. Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement. Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life, the growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air, water and land.

    正确答案：
    污染已成为问题,因为在当今人口越来越多,社会越来越工业化的世界上,人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业,因为它们的副作用会破坏环境,破坏各种生命之间的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第9题：

    单选题
    Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
    A

    People celebrate World Wetlands Day by taking part in competitions.

    B

    People celebrate World Wetlands Day by taking hips to local wetlands.

    C

    People celebrate World Wetlands Day by listening to talks about the wetlands.

    D

    People celebrate World Wetlands Day by talking about the weather.


    正确答案： A
    解析：
    推理判断题。根据第二段中的“On World Wetlands Day, people around the world take part in many wetlands activities. People take trips to the local wetlands. There are talks about how important the wetlands are. ”可知只有D项是错误的。

  • 第10题：

    问答题
    One of the questions coming into focus as we face growing scarcity of resources in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development (1) com____, the coronal wisdom has been that the billion people living in poor countries could never expect to (2) r____ the standard of living that most of the people in North America enjoy, simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on. At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super-affluence as though there were no limits (3)____ how much we could consume. We (4) m____ only 6 percent of the world’s people; yet we consume one third of the world’s resources.　　As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from (5) w____ our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter. But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, we will no longer be able to think in (6)____ of “our” resources and “their” resources, but only of (7) c____ resources.　　As Americans consume such a(n) (8)____(proportion) share of the world’s resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super-affluence in a world of (9)____(scarce). We are now reaching the point at which we must carefully examine the presumed link between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumed. If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly enhanced. But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn’t make (10) d____. In the eyes of most of the world today, Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still more. The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition in, the world’s resources requires that we re-examine the way in which we relate to the rest of the world.

    正确答案： 1.community community社会整体,大众。这里指由各个国家共同构成却又彼此独立的有机整体。
    2.reach reach the standard of living达到生活标准。
    3.on limit后能接of,to,on/upon等介词,意思不相同。limit后接on,指对…施加限制,如:place a limit on the number of visitors限制参观的人数。limit后接of指…的限制,如:reach the limit of one’s patience达到了忍无可忍的地步。
    4.make make构成。此句译为:我们只占世界人口的6%,但我们消费的资源却占世界三分之一。
    5.within 该句译为:既然我们过去每年消耗的资源主要来自国内,这个问题基本上就只属于本国内部事务。与后一句的from the outside world形成对比,故填within。
    6.terms in terms of根据,按照,用…的话,在…方面。
    7.common common共有的,强调每个成员都有份,如:common interests共同利益。for the common good为公共利益。
    8.disproportionate 上文谈到美国人口仅占世界6%,但消耗的资源却占三分之一,这是与人口不成比例的,故填disproportionate。
    9.scarcity 文章主题句说:正当我们面临着世界资源匮乏之际,一个焦点问题就是国家间如何分配有限的资源。与主题句中的scarcity对应。
    10.difference 此句可译为:如果你只有一块干面包,再得到一块,那你的生活就会大大改善,但如果你已有一整条面包,再多得一块,并没多少区别。
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第11题：

    单选题
    Which statement about China is NOT true?
    A

    It comes the second among nations in carbon emissions.

    B

    It has five percent of the world’s population.

    C

    It accounted for nearly half of the global increase in emissions in the last decade.

    D

    Its carbon emissions have jumped 47％since l990.


    正确答案： D
    解析：
    录音中在介绍美国是二氧化碳最大排放国时，提到“The U.S., with five percent of the world’s population...”，可知美国人口占据世界人口的5%。
    【录音原文】
    　　In a recent 12-month span, carbon emissions from the burning of fossil fuels climbed to more than 7, 900, 000, 000 tons, a record high. Global emissions of carbon have been rising steadily since the late 18th century and rapidly since the 1950s. In fact, annual emissions have quadrupled since the mid-20th century.
    　　Three-fourths of global carbon emissions are the result of burning fossil fuels, namely coal, oil, and natural gas. The rest largely come from deforestation. Of the four major sectors contributing to these emissions, electricity generation—at 35％—accounts for the largest share; transportation and industrial processes, 20％each. The remaining 25％is produced by residential and commercial buildings. Two-thirds of the carbon emissions from fossil fuel combustion are emitted by just 10 nations. The U.S., with five percent of the world’s population, is the largest contributor, accounting for nearly one-quarter of global emissions. China is second, with nearly l4％. Other major polluters are Russia, Japan, India, Italy, Canada, South Korea, Germany, and the United Kingdom.
    　　Most of the growth in emissions in the coming decades, however, is expected to come from developing countries. While overall global carbon emissions have risen 13％since 1990, those in China have jumped 47％. Indeed, this one country accounts for nearly half of the global increase in emissions in the last decade.

  • 第12题：

    单选题
    Which is not the reason related to the shrinking of the world’s freshwater reserves ______.
    A

    Climate change.

    B

    Poor sanitation.

    C

    Pollution.

    D

    Population growth.


    正确答案： C
    解析：
    根据录音首句提到的“The world’s freshwater reserves are shrinking due to pollution, climate change and population growth…”，可见世界上淡水储量减少的原因包括污染、气候变化和人口增长，不包括poor sanitation（卫生条件差）。
    【录音原文】
    The world’s freshwater reserves are shrinking due to pollution, climate change and population growth, according to a United Nations report presented this week at the World Water Forum in Kyoto. In the next 20 years, the average amount of water available for each person worldwide will drop by one-third. By mid-century, anywhere from 2-7 billion people-out of a projected global population of 9.3 billion-will experience water scarcity.

  • 第13题：

    The small village is said __________ in a battle during World War ]].

    A.to have been destroyed
    B.to be destroyed
    C.to destroyed
    D.to have destroyed

    答案：A
    解析：
    本句的意思是据说这个小村庄是在第二次世界大战时期的一次战役中被毁坏的。本句主语为The small village，因此要用被动语态；时间状语为during Wodd WarⅡ所以用完成时的被动语态。

  • 第14题：

    共用题干
    Water一the Issue of This Century
    The world is running short of freshwater. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier （渴的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that wa- ter use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.
    The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world's population,concentrated in Africa,the Middle East and south Asia,will face“severe water shortages”by 2025.Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some re- gions.
    A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities,the Bank says.
    The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.
    Fresh water consumption is rising quickly,and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.
    A third of the world's popu1ation一around two billion people一live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages.That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions（制度）change to ensure better conservation and alloca- tion of water.
    China is one country where the portents（征兆）are gloomy. The most waterstressed country in East Asia,China is exploiting 44%of its usable water,a figure projected to rise to6O%by 2020.Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60%is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although
    China's total use appears still to be reasonable,it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.
    Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the Middle East and North Africa,only Morocco has unexploited water resources.The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers （蓄水层）一bodies of water-bearing rock一the report says.

    India exceeds environmental limits for water use.
    A: Right
    B: Wrong
    C: Not mentioned

    答案：B
    解析：
    题干意为“据估计，30年以后水的使用量将增加50%”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语water use, 50% , next 30 years作为定位线索，在短文第一段中寻找到相关句： The world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier（渴 的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years．相关句（带下划线的句子）意为“在上个世纪的100年里世界上一半的沼泽地已经消失了，而依据人们的估计来看，30年后水的使用量将增加50%”, 很明显题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关内容一致，因此题干陈述了正确的信息。所以答案为A。
    题干意为“大多数发达国家20年以后将面临水的短缺问题”。利用题干中 的细节信息词/短语most developed countries, water shortages, in 20 years作为定位线索， 结果发现most developed countries根本没有在短文中出现，短文中也没有具体提到发达国家水短缺的情况，因此题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信息。所以答案为C。
    题干意为“到了2025年，地球上大多数的人可能会生活在距离海洋100公 里的范围里”。利用题干中的细节信息短语most of the world's population, 100km of the sea, in 2025作为定位线索，这样在第三段中找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people（与题干中的most of the world's population呼应）may live within 100km of the sea in 2025 , putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（第三段第二句）提到“到2025年，世界上3/4的人将可能生活在距离海洋100公里的范围里”，显然题干陈述的意义与短文相关内容一致。所以答案为A。到目前为 止，在完成的3道题的答案里出现了2个A,1个C，剩下的4道题肯定至少会出现1-3个 B，因此如果考虑节约答题时间，剩下的4小题全选B，这样在该阅读理解题上就通过完成3 小题而直接拿到5小题的分数（即拿到5分！)
    题干意为“几乎所有的珊瑚礁都可能在10。年后消失”。利用题干中的细节 信息短语almost all coral reefs, in 100 years作为定位线索，这样在第三段中找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（第三段倒数第二句）意为“2/3的渔业开发已经处于可承受的边缘，甚至超出了可承受的范围，世界上一半的珊瑚礁可能会在100年后消失”。短文提到“一半的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失，而不是“几乎所有的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失，因此题干陈述的信息与短文内 容不一致。所以答案为B。
    题干意为“大西洋中的一些鱼类正处于危险的状况中”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语some species of fish, Atlantic, dangerously low levels作为定位线索，在第三段 中寻找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业） are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（带下划线的句子）提到“世界银行说几乎有60%的珊瑚礁和34%的鱼 类因为人类的活动而处于危险的状况中”，这个句子陈述的是全世界鱼类的情况，至于在大西洋是否也是这样，该句中没有提到，依据该句意义也无法推断出大西洋地区鱼类的情况。短文中的其他句子没有再提及鱼类的情况，由此可判断出题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信 息。所以答案为C。
    题干意为“世界银行的报告意味着应该采取紧急行动来保护水资源的供 应”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语the World Bank report, urgent action, water supplies 作为定位线索，在第四段中寻找到相关句：The report（指上文中提到的世界银行的报告） concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safe- guard supplies and use water more efficiently．第四段是一个独立成段句，该段意为“那份报告得出的结论是有大量的证据证明应该立刻采取协调一致的行动来保护水资源的供应，并更有效地使用水资源”。显然题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关意义一致，因此答案为A。
    题干意为“印度（现在）超过了水资源的环境使用极限”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语India , environmental limits , water use作为定位线索，在最后一段中寻找到相关句：Withdrawals（与上文中提到的withdrawal of water<水资源的使用>呼应）exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the

  • 第15题：

    共用题干
    Water一the Issue of This Century
    The world is running short of freshwater. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier （渴的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that wa- ter use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.
    The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world's population,concentrated in Africa,the Middle East and south Asia,will face“severe water shortages”by 2025.Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some re- gions.
    A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities,the Bank says.
    The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.
    Fresh water consumption is rising quickly,and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.
    A third of the world's popu1ation一around two billion people一live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages.That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions（制度）change to ensure better conservation and alloca- tion of water.
    China is one country where the portents（征兆）are gloomy. The most waterstressed country in East Asia,China is exploiting 44%of its usable water,a figure projected to rise to6O%by 2020.Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60%is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although
    China's total use appears still to be reasonable,it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.
    Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the Middle East and North Africa,only Morocco has unexploited water resources.The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers （蓄水层）一bodies of water-bearing rock一the report says.

    The World Bank report implies that urgent action should be taken to protect water supplies.
    A: Right
    B: Wrong
    C: Not mentioned

    答案：A
    解析：
    题干意为“据估计，30年以后水的使用量将增加50%”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语water use, 50% , next 30 years作为定位线索，在短文第一段中寻找到相关句： The world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier（渴 的）,with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce（缺乏）.Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years．相关句（带下划线的句子）意为“在上个世纪的100年里世界上一半的沼泽地已经消失了，而依据人们的估计来看，30年后水的使用量将增加50%”, 很明显题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关内容一致，因此题干陈述了正确的信息。所以答案为A。
    题干意为“大多数发达国家20年以后将面临水的短缺问题”。利用题干中 的细节信息词/短语most developed countries, water shortages, in 20 years作为定位线索， 结果发现most developed countries根本没有在短文中出现，短文中也没有具体提到发达国家水短缺的情况，因此题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信息。所以答案为C。
    题干意为“到了2025年，地球上大多数的人可能会生活在距离海洋100公 里的范围里”。利用题干中的细节信息短语most of the world's population, 100km of the sea, in 2025作为定位线索，这样在第三段中找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people（与题干中的most of the world's population呼应）may live within 100km of the sea in 2025 , putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（第三段第二句）提到“到2025年，世界上3/4的人将可能生活在距离海洋100公里的范围里”，显然题干陈述的意义与短文相关内容一致。所以答案为A。到目前为 止，在完成的3道题的答案里出现了2个A,1个C，剩下的4道题肯定至少会出现1-3个 B，因此如果考虑节约答题时间，剩下的4小题全选B，这样在该阅读理解题上就通过完成3 小题而直接拿到5小题的分数（即拿到5分！)
    题干意为“几乎所有的珊瑚礁都可能在10。年后消失”。利用题干中的细节 信息短语almost all coral reefs, in 100 years作为定位线索，这样在第三段中找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业）are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（第三段倒数第二句）意为“2/3的渔业开发已经处于可承受的边缘，甚至超出了可承受的范围，世界上一半的珊瑚礁可能会在100年后消失”。短文提到“一半的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失，而不是“几乎所有的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失，因此题干陈述的信息与短文内 容不一致。所以答案为B。
    题干意为“大西洋中的一些鱼类正处于危险的状况中”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语some species of fish, Atlantic, dangerously low levels作为定位线索，在第三段 中寻找到相关句：A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries（渔业） are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs（珊瑚礁）may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says．相关句（带下划线的句子）提到“世界银行说几乎有60%的珊瑚礁和34%的鱼 类因为人类的活动而处于危险的状况中”，这个句子陈述的是全世界鱼类的情况，至于在大西洋是否也是这样，该句中没有提到，依据该句意义也无法推断出大西洋地区鱼类的情况。短文中的其他句子没有再提及鱼类的情况，由此可判断出题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信 息。所以答案为C。
    题干意为“世界银行的报告意味着应该采取紧急行动来保护水资源的供 应”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语the World Bank report, urgent action, water supplies 作为定位线索，在第四段中寻找到相关句：The report（指上文中提到的世界银行的报告） concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safe- guard supplies and use water more efficiently．第四段是一个独立成段句，该段意为“那份报告得出的结论是有大量的证据证明应该立刻采取协调一致的行动来保护水资源的供应，并更有效地使用水资源”。显然题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关意义一致，因此答案为A。
    题干意为“印度（现在）超过了水资源的环境使用极限”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语India , environmental limits , water use作为定位线索，在最后一段中寻找到相关句：Withdrawals（与上文中提到的withdrawal of water<水资源的使用>呼应）exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the

  • 第16题：

    共用题干
    New Foods and the New World
    In the last 500 years,nothing about people—not their clothes,ideas,or languages—has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians .The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500's .And although it was very expensive,it quickly became fashionable.In London,shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
    The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600,the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe,where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the“Potato Famine”of 1845—1846,and thou- sands more were forced to emigrate to America.
    There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee,and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries.But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.
    According to an Arabic legend,coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush.He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake”feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with.

    “Some”in“some still exist today”(Para. 1)means______.
    A:some cocoa trees
    B: some chocolate drinks
    C: some shops
    D: some South American Indians

    答案：C
    解析：
    细节题。第一段第一句： In the last 500 years , nothing about people—not their clothes,ideas , or languages—has changed as much as what they eat.（在过去的500年中，没有任何关于人类的东西，如他们的衣服，观点或语言，会像他们吃的食物变化那么大）同时使用比较级和否定词表示最高级，意思恰恰就是A选项的内容。


    细节题。从第一段最后两句话：London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.（在伦敦，供应巧克力饮料的店铺成为了重要的聚会地点。直到今天还存在一些这样的店铺）可以推断这里的some指的就是London shops。


    细节题。第二段第三句：Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “ Potato Famine ” of 1845～1846.（爱尔兰人非常依赖土豆，在1845年到1846年期间的土豆饥荒中成千上万的爱尔兰人由于土豆欠收而挨俄）。强调the crop failed , the crop即potato。 A项没有说明土豆欠收这个关键事实；B项是starve导致的结果，并非原因;C项文章并未提及。


    细节题。根据第三段倒数第二句：But it is native（本土的、当地的）to Ethiopia．句中it即指coffee，意思是咖啡最早产自埃塞俄比亚。A、B项和But it is native to Ethiopia矛盾；根据第三段最后一句：Arabs最早将咖啡制作为饮品。可以推断D是错误的。


    推断题。第三段最后一句：It ( coffee ) was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.最后一段讲述这个阿拉伯传说就是为了证明阿位伯人首先发明了咖啡这种饮品，即D选项的内容。

  • 第17题：

    共用题干
    New Foods and the New World
    In the last 500 years,nothing about people—not their clothes,ideas,or languages—has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians .The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500's .And although it was very expensive,it quickly became fashionable.In London,shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
    The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600,the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe,where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the“Potato Famine”of 1845—1846,and thou- sands more were forced to emigrate to America.
    There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee,and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries.But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.
    According to an Arabic legend,coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush.He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake”feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with.

    Coffee originally came from_______.
    A:.Brazil
    B: Colombia
    C:Ethiopia
    D: Arabia

    答案：C
    解析：
    细节题。第一段第一句： In the last 500 years , nothing about people—not their clothes,ideas , or languages—has changed as much as what they eat.（在过去的500年中，没有任何关于人类的东西，如他们的衣服，观点或语言，会像他们吃的食物变化那么大）同时使用比较级和否定词表示最高级，意思恰恰就是A选项的内容。


    细节题。从第一段最后两句话：London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.（在伦敦，供应巧克力饮料的店铺成为了重要的聚会地点。直到今天还存在一些这样的店铺）可以推断这里的some指的就是London shops。


    细节题。第二段第三句：Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “ Potato Famine ” of 1845～1846.（爱尔兰人非常依赖土豆，在1845年到1846年期间的土豆饥荒中成千上万的爱尔兰人由于土豆欠收而挨俄）。强调the crop failed , the crop即potato。 A项没有说明土豆欠收这个关键事实；B项是starve导致的结果，并非原因;C项文章并未提及。


    细节题。根据第三段倒数第二句：But it is native（本土的、当地的）to Ethiopia．句中it即指coffee，意思是咖啡最早产自埃塞俄比亚。A、B项和But it is native to Ethiopia矛盾；根据第三段最后一句：Arabs最早将咖啡制作为饮品。可以推断D是错误的。


    推断题。第三段最后一句：It ( coffee ) was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.最后一段讲述这个阿拉伯传说就是为了证明阿位伯人首先发明了咖啡这种饮品，即D选项的内容。

  • 第18题：

    The water we drink and use is running short in the world.We all have to learn how to stop wasting our limited water.One of the steps we should take is to find ways of reusing it.Experiments have already been done in this field.
    Today in most large cities,fresh water is used only once,then it runs into waste system.But it is possible to pipe the used water to a purifying factory.There it can be filtered and treated with chemicals so that it can be used again,just as it were fresh from a spring.
    But even if every large city purified and reused its water,we still would not have enough.Then we could turn to the oceans.All we’d have to do to make use of the seawater on earth is to get rid of the salt.This process is called desalinization,and it is already in use in many parts of the world.
    The way to stop wasting our limited water is to________.

    A.do experiments with water
    B.purify the used water and reuse it
    C.use fresh water once again
    D.make use of seawater

    答案：B
    解析：

  • 第19题：

    单选题
    If a refrigeration system were short of refrigerant, the condition would result in （）.
    A

    continuous running of the compressor

    B

    high suction pressure

    C

    high discharge pressure

    D

    short cycling of the compressor on the water failure switch


    正确答案： A
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第20题：

    单选题
    Where do people celebrate World Wetlands Day?
    A

    All over the world.

    B

    In ships

    C

    At home.

    D

    In their own way.


    正确答案： D
    解析：
    细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“On World Wetlands Day, people around the world take part in many wetlands activities.”可知全世界的人们都在庆祝这个节日，所以选择答案A。

  • 第21题：

    判断题
    Currently, there are about two thirds of the world’s population living in countries where water supply falls short of consumption.
    A

    对

    B

    错


    正确答案： 对
    解析：
    录音中指出大约one third of the world’s population生活在有“水资源压力”的国家，在这些国家“consumption exceeds 10 per cent of total supply”，也就是说水资源供不应求，因此题干表述与录音内容相一致。fall short of达不到；缺乏。
    【录音原文】
    Global freshwater consumption rose sixfold between 1900 and 1995—more than twice the rate of population growth. About one third of the world’s population already lives in countries considered to be “water stressed”—that is, where consumption exceeds 10 per cent of total supply. If present trends continue, two out of every three people on Earth will live in that condition by 2025.

  • 第22题：

    问答题
    Pollution is a problem because man, in an increasingly populated and industrialized world, is upsetting the environment in which he lives. Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement. Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life. The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air, water and land. This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living. Thus still greater demands for electricity, water and goods result in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of.The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment. Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past the point of no return before be fully appreciates the damage.

    正确答案：
    污染已成为问题,因为在当今人口越来越多,社会越来越工业化的世界上,人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业,因为它们的副作用会破坏环境,破坏各种生命之间的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。于是对电、水和商品的更大需求必然造成有更多的废物要处理。这个问题已经引起人们对生物及其环境的日益关注。许多人认为,人类没有尽快地解决这一问题,却只顾谋求私利,以致于到了无可挽救的地步以后才充分认识到这种损害。
    解析： 暂无解析

  • 第23题：

    单选题
    The narrator's father______.
    A

    had fought in the Second World War

    B

    may have suffered much during the previous war

    C

    helped build a bonfire on VE Day

    D

    added something to the fire to keep it going too


    正确答案： C
    解析：

  • 第24题：

    单选题
    What is the real cause of the potential water crisis?
    A

    The world population is increasing faster and faster.

    B

    Half of the world’s water resources have been seriously polluted.

    C

    Humanity has not placed sufficient value on water resources.

    D

    Only half of the world’s water can be used.


    正确答案： B
    解析：
    细节题。文章第一段作者说如果找们现在能比过去更加重视水的话，世界未必就会陷入缺水的困境（即使人口增一倍）。下文阐述避免将来世界缺水的对策和方法，从上文叙述说明水的潜在危机不是人口增加也不是污染严重造成的。更不是用得多，才用了不到一半。根本原因是过去我们没有引起足够的重视，如能像重视石油那样重视水就不会发生水危机，因此C为答案。

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