Traffic is bad,particularly in the city center.A:conventionally B:obviously C:especially D:inevitably
题目
Traffic is bad,particularly in the city center.
A:conventionally
B:obviously
C:especially
D:inevitably
B:obviously
C:especially
D:inevitably
相似考题
更多“Traffic is bad,particularly in the city center.”相关问题
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第1题：
The city's road system is () handling the current volume of traffic.A.incapable of
B.route
C.distribute
D.able of
参考答案：A
-
第2题：
Now the air in our city is _______ than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it.
A.very good B.much better C.rather bad D.even worse
正确答案：D
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第3题：
what do we know about nora?
A．she prefer a room of her own.
B．She likes to work with other girls.
C．She lives near the city center.
正确答案：A
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第4题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.
2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.
4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.In the l960s,dirty gases from cars made shopping_______.
A:pedestrians
B:North America
C:customers
D:a bad experience
E:Middle Eastern countries
F:furniture sellers答案：D解析：文章第一段第一句是主题句，意为：步行购物区的概念由来已久。B项A。 idea from ancient history（来自古代的想法）与主题句意思相符，故选B。
文章第二段主要讲，随着人口和车辆的增加，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。很多人认为是时候试行无车辆街道了，而步行购物区便是最好的开始。A项A Need for Change（需要改变）符合本段主题，故选A。
文章第三段第一句是主题句，意为：一开始，（步行购物区）受到来自店主的阻力。D项Facing Protest from Shop Owners（面临店主的抗议）与主题句意思相符，故选D。
文章第四段主要讲研究发现步行购物区在一些欧洲国家呈现出了意想不到的统计数据。很多城市的消费者数量和销售额都有提高。这让美国明尼阿波利斯市备受鼓舞，他们还主动出钱建设和维护自己的步行购物街。E项Increase in Sales and Customers(销售额和顾客的增加）符合本段主题，故选E。
题干意为“步行购物街首先在中东国家发展起来。”文章第一段前两句指出，步行购物区的概念由来已久，在中世纪，中东一些国家建成步行购物区，让人们在舒适，更重要的是安全的环境下购物。E项Middle Eastern countries（中东国家）与原句意思相符，故选E。
题干意为“在20世纪60年代，汽车排放的肮脏的尾气使购物变成了不好的体验。”文章第二段第二句指出，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。D项a bad experience（一种不好的体验）与原句意思相符，故选D。
题干意为“店主错误地认为没有车辆的街道会让顾客远离。”文章第三段最后一句指出，在欧洲，当第一批街道禁止车辆进入时甚至引起了喧闹的游行示威，因为很多店主预测他们会失去顾客。C项customers（顾客）与原句意思相符，故选C。
题干意为“步行购物街的到来使很多家具商丢掉生意。”文章最后一段第二句指出，不幸的是，这对每个人来说并不都是好消息，因为很多卖家具和大型电器的店铺确实看到了销售额的下降。F项furniture sellers（家具商）与原句意思相符，故此选F。 -
第5题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-
free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop iii comfort and,more im-
portantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day
to allow for the free movement of pedestrians（行人）,and was only allowed inl at night when shops and mar-
kets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with
horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorised vehicles.
2 The modern,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the l960s,when both city popula-
tions and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved,in crossing the road
were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right
for experimenting with car-free streets,and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for
business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When
the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as many shopkeepers
predicted they would.lose customers.
4 However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.
In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent.On Copenhagen's
main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,
the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and
maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like
clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it isn't good news for everyone,as shops
selling furniture and larger electrical appliances,etc.actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced
to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.The arrival of the traffic一free shopping street made many__________lose their business.
A:furniture sellers
B:a bad experience
C:Middle Eastern countries
D:customers
E:North America
F:pedestrians答案：A解析：由文章第一段前两句话可知，关于步行街（traffic-free shopping areas）这一购物场所的观中“…… pageants that included music, poetry, and dance.”可知pageants包括音乐，诗歌和舞蹈表 演。故选D。念可以追溯到很早以前。在中世纪时期，为了让人们在舒适并且更加安全的场所购物，中东地区就出现了这样的步行街。故选F。
文章第二段主要讲述了由于城市人口增加和私家汽车增多造成购物成了不愉快且危险的经历，此时步行街就应运而生。
文章第三段的主题句是第一句话，"Atfirst,therewasresistancefromshopkeepers.”故选A。
文章第四段主要讲述了步行街的出现使顾客增加也为商户带来了利润，故选C。
由文章第一段第二句话中“DuringtheMiddleAges,traffic-freeshoppingareaswerebuiltinMiddleEasterncountries..."，可知选C。
由文章第二段第二句话中“Dirtygasesfromcars...makeshoppinganunpleasantexperience.”可知选B。
由文章第三段最后一句话中“manyshopkeeperspredictedtheywouldlosecustomers.”可知选D。
由文章第五段第二句话“itisn'tgoodnewsforeveryone,asshopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliances,etc.actuallysawtheirsalesdrop.”可知选A。 -
第6题：
共用题干
Traffic Jams一No End in Sight
1 Traffic congestion（拥堵）affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of
cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U. S.,commuters（通勤人员）spend an
average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams,according to the Texas Transportation Institu-
te.While alternative ways of getting around are available,most people still choose their cars because they are
looking for convenience,comfort and privacy.
2 The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing,whereby cities
charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day.In theory,if the toll is high enough,some
drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.And in practice it seems to work:Singapore,London and
Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.
3 Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flexitime,which lets employees
travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy
times can do their part by sharing cars.Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute(work from
home)so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.
4 Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads,
especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets.But such techniques do not really
keep cars off the road;they only accommodate more of them.
5 Other,more forward-thinking,planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the
roads every day,and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so
much better both for people and the environment.For this reason,the American government has decided to
spend some$7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with
more efficient technologies.But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the$50
billion being spent on roads and bridges.Paragraph 4_________
A:Not Doing Enough
B:A Global Problem
C:Changing Work Practice
D:A Solution Which Is no Solution
E:Paying to Get In
F:Closing City Centres to Traffic答案：D解析：由文章第一段主题句“Traffic congestion affects people throughout the world."，可知交通 拥堵是全球性问题。故选B。
文章第二段第一句是主题句，该段主要讲人们为了在交通拥堵时顺利通过，而不得不付费。故选E。
文章第三段主要讲解决交通拥堵的另一个方法，即灵活上下班时间。故选C。
文章第四段提到，城市规划者提出多修路可以解决交通拥堵的问题，但作者认为这一 方案不能减少汽车数量，其效果是相反的。故选D。
由文章第一段最后一句话，"most people still choose their cars because they are looking forconvenience , comfort and privacy.”可知，选C。
由文章第二段第二句话，"if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.”可知，选A。
参考26题解析。
文章第五段倒数第二句话，"the American government has decided to spend some $7billion on helping to increase capacity on public transport systems and upgrade them with more effi-cient technologies.”可知，选D。 -
第7题：
共用题干
The City Planning
In the past,cities usually grew in a disorderly way because few cities were built according to a plan.In the late 1 800s,the idea of a"beautiful city"came into_______(51).People felt that a city should have wide street,parks,and a civic centre.People_______(52)to realize that cities need to be planned.
In the first part of the 1900s,cities began to_______(53)zoning laws.Zoning laws say what kind of building can be put up in different parts of a city.A factory cannot be put up on land _______(54)for apartments.Apartments,_______(55),cannot be built on land for houses.
Meanwhile,cities were growing rapidly and changing almost_______(56).They faced many problems.Sometimes the streets in a city caused traffic_______(57).Sometimes there were not enough schools or hospitals for all the people who needed them. As people moved_______(58)to new areas of the city,older parts of town often became run-down.
At first,citizens_______(59)groups that tried to solve the problems a city faced.Today, most large cities have city planning board_______(60)part of their city government. On the board are city_______(61)who have special training. Many of them have college_______(62)in city planning. They must know how a city's land can be_______(63)used.They_______(64)new areas of the city and decide how to improve older_______(65).City planing boards help the city meet the needs of all the people who live there._________(65)
A:square
B: division
C:centers
D:section答案：D解析：come into being为固定搭配，意思是“形成、产生”，例如：When did the Great Britain come into being?英国是何时形成的？原文是“美丽城市”的理念应运而生，因此选C。
根据上下文判断，随着美丽城市理念的诞生，人们开始意识到城市需要被规划。come有“开始”的意思。所以此处选C最合适，其他各项均不合题意。fail失败, incline 和tend都有“倾向于”的意思。
根据词语的搭配可以知道，原文应该指的是“城市开始通过城市区划法”，三个选项中只有选项A最合适，pass有“通过”的意思，和law“法律”搭配使用正确。
空缺处需要填的是过去分词引导的定语从句，省略了which be。这里指的是被划分出来建公寓的地区不能盖工厂，zone更合适，意思是“将……划为特殊区域”。
however表示一种转折的关系。本句意思为“工厂不能建在用于盖公寓的土地上。然而，公窝也不能盖在建造大宅的土地上”。所以选项D符合。
根据前半部分即城市在快速地发展，可以判断出城市的变化也是很迅速的，选项D正确，意为“突然，很快”，与前面的rapidly呼应。
traffic jam意思是“交通堵塞”，较之选项B，选项A更符合常理，即城市里的街道会造成交通堵塞。
本句提到了老地区变得破败不堪，人们应该是搬出旧城区，搬进新的城市地区，所以选择C，后面接的介词to指“搬到……”。
只有form最适合和后面的group搭配使用。form意为“组成”，例如：The two parties formed a coalition．两个政党组成了联合政府。本句意思是“市民们组成了试图解决城市面临的问题的团体”。
三个选项中只有as适合，意思是“作为”。句子意思是“大多数的大城市都有了作为城市政府一部分的城市规划委员会”。
逻辑题。on the board意思是“委员会里”。前面提到大多数城市都有了 city planning board即“城市规划委员会”，那么委员会里必然有城市规划师，所以A正确。
degree意思是“学历”，后面常接介词in指在某专业方面的学历，原句中还有信号词college,所以选项degree最合适。level水平，qualification资质，height高度。
best这里是副词，意思是“最好地，最高标准地”，比较carefully （小心地）, suitably（合适地）以及cleverly（聪明地），选项B更为合适。原句意思是“这些城市规划师必须知道如何才能以最好的方式使用城市里的土地”。
lay out为固定搭配，意思是“规划，设计”。例如：When the local governments lay out the car parks, they must estimate the numbers of cars in these districts．当地方政府规划停车场时，他们必须先估计市区里的汽车数量。原文是“他们规划城市的新地区”。
这里的意思是“他们……决定如何来提升一个老城区”。section除了有 “部分”的意思外还指“（城市等的）地区，（街区等的）地段”。square意为“广场”,division意为“部分”,centers意为“中心”。 -
第8题：
单选题Which of the following is NOT the advantages of the remote control and automation of engine operations?（）ARoutine supervisory labor particularly the unproductive night-service labor is reduced
BEngine mal-operation is automatically sensed and manned
CThe engine room need be manned at night in bad weather or close waters
DSome remedial measures can be taken automatically
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第9题：
单选题You have a firewall enforcer protecting sensitive internal resources in a data center. The network traversed by endpoint traffic is semi-trusted, so you need to encrypt the traffic between the endpoints accessing the resources and the firewall enforcer.Which type of policies provide this level of protection?（）Aresource access policies
BHost Enforcer policies
Csource IP enforcement policies
DIPsec enforcement policies
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析 -
第10题：
单选题What odes George say about his part of London?AIt is a place well worth visiting.
BIt has problems as well as advantages.
CIt is the city’s center.
正确答案： B解析：
男士指出自己多年住在east London，提到”This part of the city has problems, but there are also many good things about it”，可见在作者看来他所居住的地方既有问题也有优势。 -
第11题：
问答题Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.The City of the Future What will city life be like in the future? Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They predict that cities will become more and more crowded. As the number of people increases, there will be less space for each person. This overcrowding will cause other problems—more crime, dirtier streets, and worse problems with traffic than we have now. How will people find enough drinking water, energy (such as gas and electricity), and housing? Because life will be hard, people who live in cities will worry more, and they may become sick. For these reasons, some say that nobody will want to live in urban areas. How can we solve such problems as overcrowding, crime, and traffic? In some cities, thousands of people are already sleeping in the streets because there is so little suitable housing—and because rents are so high. The crime rate isn’t going down. Instead, it is increasing so fast that many people are afraid to go out at night. Traffic is also getting worse. More and more often, traffic jams are so bad that cars don’t move at all for several blocks. These urban problems have been getting worse, not better, so many people see no hope for the future of the city. Los Angeles, California, for instance, has no subway system and the buses are slow. Instead, most commuters drive many miles from their homes to work. Many of these drivers spend several hours each day on busy freeways. New York, by contrast, has a mass transit system—buses, commuter trains, and subways. Because the public transportation is crowded and dirty, however, many people drive private cars, and the traffic jams are worse than in Los Angeles. On the other hand, some cities have clean, fast, and pleasant public transportation systems. In Paris, France, and Toronto, Canada, for example, anyone can use mass transit to move quickly from one part of the city to another. The disadvantages of any modern city are not unique to that city—that is, cities all over the world have to solve the problems of traffic jams, crime, housing, energy, drinking water, and overcrowding. Yet many cities have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. Some European cities, such as Stockholm, Sweden, or London, England, have planned communities that provide people with apartments, jobs, shopping centers, green space, entertainment, and transportation. Many U.S. cities are rebuilding their downtown areas. Urban planners can learn from one another. They can try solutions that have been successful in other parts of the world. Summary: Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They say that cities will become more and more crowded and many other problems will be caused by this 1 Due to the hard life, people do not want to live in 2 These urban problems such as overcrowding, crime and traffic have been getting worse, so many people 3 for the future of the city. However, these disadvantages of any modern city are not unique to that city. All the cities all over the world must solve the problems and fortunately, many of them have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. For example, 4 or London has planned communities providing people with apartments, jobs and so on. Besides, many U. S. cities 5 In a word, solutions that have been successful in a place should be adopted and tried in another place.正确答案：
1.overcrowding 文章第一段第五句提到“This overcrowding will cause other problems - more crime, dirtier streets, and worse problems with traffic than we have now”,题目为原文的被动语态表述,因此答案为overcrowding。
2.urban areas 文章第一段最后两句提到“Because life will be hard, people who live in cities will worry more, and they may become sick. For these reasons, some say that nobody will want to live in urban areas”,即,由于生活的艰辛,没有人愿意生活在市内。
3.see no hope 文章第二段最后一句提到“These urban problems have been getting worse, not better, so many people see no hope for the future of the city”,因此答案为see no hope。
4.Stockholm 文章最后一段第三句提到“Some European cities, such as Stockholm, Sweden, or London, England, have planned communities that provide people with apartments, jobs, shopping centers, green space, entertainment, and transportation”,句中Stockholm与London并列,因此答案为Stockholm。
5.rebuild downtown areas 文章最后一段中作者举例说明很多城市已经找到了解决城市存在的问题的方法,美国城市即所举例子之一。倒数第三句提到:“Many U. S. cities are rebuilding their downtown areas”,同时考虑到答案不能超过三个词,可知答案为rebuild downtown areas。解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
单选题“In times of heavy weather, it is extremely dangerous if manning is very short” This sentence means （）.AIn times of heavy weather, it is extremely dangerous if a seaman is not enough tall
BIn times of heavy weather, it is extremely dangerous if a crew is very short
CIn case of bad weather, it is particularly dangerous if there is a shortage in personnel
DIn case of bad weather, it is particularly dangerous if there are enough personnel
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
You have a firewall enforcer protecting sensitive internal resources in a data center. The network traversed by endpoint traffic is semi-trusted, so you need to encrypt the traffic between the endpoints accessing the resources and the firewall enforcer.Which type of policies provide this level of protection?（）
A. resource access policies
B. Host Enforcer policies
C. source IP enforcement policies
D. IPsec enforcement policies
参考答案：D
-
第14题：
If traffic problems are not solved soon，driving in this city ______ impossible. A. become B. becomes C. will become D. has become
正确答案：C
-
第15题：
The new large passenger jets have made the traffic problems at airports_______．A.more bad than it was
B.the worse than before
C.worse than ever before
D.more bad than they were答案：C解析：暂无解析 -
第16题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.
2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.
4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.The arrival of the traffic-free shopping street made many lose their business______.
A:pedestrians
B:North America
C:customers
D:a bad experience
E:Middle Eastern countries
F:furniture sellers答案：F解析：文章第一段第一句是主题句，意为：步行购物区的概念由来已久。B项A。 idea from ancient history（来自古代的想法）与主题句意思相符，故选B。
文章第二段主要讲，随着人口和车辆的增加，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。很多人认为是时候试行无车辆街道了，而步行购物区便是最好的开始。A项A Need for Change（需要改变）符合本段主题，故选A。
文章第三段第一句是主题句，意为：一开始，（步行购物区）受到来自店主的阻力。D项Facing Protest from Shop Owners（面临店主的抗议）与主题句意思相符，故选D。
文章第四段主要讲研究发现步行购物区在一些欧洲国家呈现出了意想不到的统计数据。很多城市的消费者数量和销售额都有提高。这让美国明尼阿波利斯市备受鼓舞，他们还主动出钱建设和维护自己的步行购物街。E项Increase in Sales and Customers(销售额和顾客的增加）符合本段主题，故选E。
题干意为“步行购物街首先在中东国家发展起来。”文章第一段前两句指出，步行购物区的概念由来已久，在中世纪，中东一些国家建成步行购物区，让人们在舒适，更重要的是安全的环境下购物。E项Middle Eastern countries（中东国家）与原句意思相符，故选E。
题干意为“在20世纪60年代，汽车排放的肮脏的尾气使购物变成了不好的体验。”文章第二段第二句指出，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。D项a bad experience（一种不好的体验）与原句意思相符，故选D。
题干意为“店主错误地认为没有车辆的街道会让顾客远离。”文章第三段最后一句指出，在欧洲，当第一批街道禁止车辆进入时甚至引起了喧闹的游行示威，因为很多店主预测他们会失去顾客。C项customers（顾客）与原句意思相符，故选C。
题干意为“步行购物街的到来使很多家具商丢掉生意。”文章最后一段第二句指出，不幸的是，这对每个人来说并不都是好消息，因为很多卖家具和大型电器的店铺确实看到了销售额的下降。F项furniture sellers（家具商）与原句意思相符，故此选F。 -
第17题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-
free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop iii comfort and,more im-
portantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day
to allow for the free movement of pedestrians（行人）,and was only allowed inl at night when shops and mar-
kets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with
horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorised vehicles.
2 The modern,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the l960s,when both city popula-
tions and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved,in crossing the road
were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right
for experimenting with car-free streets,and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for
business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When
the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as many shopkeepers
predicted they would.lose customers.
4 However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.
In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent.On Copenhagen's
main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,
the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and
maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like
clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it isn't good news for everyone,as shops
selling furniture and larger electrical appliances,etc.actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced
to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Shopkeepers mistakenly believed that car一free streets would keep away_________.
A:furniture sellers
B:a bad experience
C:Middle Eastern countries
D:customers
E:North America
F:pedestrians答案：D解析：由文章第一段前两句话可知，关于步行街（traffic-free shopping areas）这一购物场所的观中“…… pageants that included music, poetry, and dance.”可知pageants包括音乐，诗歌和舞蹈表 演。故选D。念可以追溯到很早以前。在中世纪时期，为了让人们在舒适并且更加安全的场所购物，中东地区就出现了这样的步行街。故选F。
文章第二段主要讲述了由于城市人口增加和私家汽车增多造成购物成了不愉快且危险的经历，此时步行街就应运而生。
文章第三段的主题句是第一句话，"Atfirst,therewasresistancefromshopkeepers.”故选A。
文章第四段主要讲述了步行街的出现使顾客增加也为商户带来了利润，故选C。
由文章第一段第二句话中“DuringtheMiddleAges,traffic-freeshoppingareaswerebuiltinMiddleEasterncountries..."，可知选C。
由文章第二段第二句话中“Dirtygasesfromcars...makeshoppinganunpleasantexperience.”可知选B。
由文章第三段最后一句话中“manyshopkeeperspredictedtheywouldlosecustomers.”可知选D。
由文章第五段第二句话“itisn'tgoodnewsforeveryone,asshopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliances,etc.actuallysawtheirsalesdrop.”可知选A。 -
第18题：
共用题干
Traffic Jams-No End in Sight
1 Traffic congestion（拥堵）affects people throughout the world.Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world.In the U.S.,commuters（通勤人员）spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams,according to the Texas Transportation Institute.While alternative ways of getting around are available,most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience,comfort and prhacy.
2 The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing,whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day.In theory,if the toll is high enough,some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.And in practice it seems to work:Singapore,London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centers thanks to congestion pricing.
3 Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flexitime,which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour.Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars.Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute(work from home)so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.
4 Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets.But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road;they only accommodate more of them.
5 Other,more forward-thinking,planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day,and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment.For this reason,the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies.But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.Paragraph 3______
A:Paying to Get in
B:A Solution Which Is No Solution
C:Changing Work Practice
D:Closing City Centers to Traffic
E:Not Doing Enough
F:A Global Problem答案：C解析：第一段前两句都表明，交通拥堵影响着全世界人民。紧接着以美国为例，对此进一步进行解释。由此可知，本段主要讲述的是交通拥堵这个全球性的难题。
第二段首句提到了对在特定时间进人特定区域的车辆征收费用这种控制交通量的方法、紧接着从理论上和实践上对此方法进行了说明。由此可知，本段主要讨论的就是征收通行费这种减少交通拥堵的方法。
第三段开头就提到了另一个减少交通高峰期的交通量的方法，即安排灵活的上班时间，以便雇员避开交通高峰期。随后又对此进一步进行了解释。由此可知，第三段主要讲的就是改变工作惯例这种方法。
第四段提到，部分城市规划者认为应该建造更多的公路，以便缓解交通拥堵，不过这种方法并不会减少交通量。由此可知，本段主要讲的就是这种并不能解决问题的解决方法。
根据第一段最后一句“While alternative ways of getting around are available , most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience , comfort and privacy.”可知，大多数人认为开车出行比较方便。
根据第二段第二句“In theory ; if the toll is high enough,some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.”可知，本题答案为E。
根据第四段第一句“…the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads …”可知，建造更多公路是为了减少交通堵塞，尽管这并不能减少交通量。由此可知，答案为A0
根据第五段第二句“For this reason , the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technolgies.”可知，美国政府决定增加资金投人来升级公共交通系统。由此可知，答案为B。 -
第19题：
Which of the following may be the disadvantages of road transport？（）
- A、Transport subject to traffic delays
- B、Transport subject to breakdown
- C、Goods susceptible to damage through careless driving
- D、Bad weather
正确答案:A,B,C,D -
第20题：
单选题Which of the following is a disadvantage of living in a cosmopolitan city, according to the passage?AThe pollution.
BThe traffic congestion.
CThe high cost of living.
DThe population decrease.
正确答案： A解析：
事实细节的找寻和判断。题干中的关键词为disadvantage，录音中提到“Of course, living in a city like this as its disadvantages as well”，从而引出住在像新加坡那样的世界性大城市的弊端。在接下来的具体说明中，讲话者提到“the cost of living can be very high”以及the population explosion，可知世界性大城市不仅生活开支大，而且出现了人口膨胀问题。由此可知，选项C为正确答案。 -
第21题：
单选题The passage is mainly about _____.Athe construction of parking spaces in Los Angeles
Bthe new growth pattern of the city of Los Angeles
Cthe public transportation system in Los Angeles
Dthe problem of traffic jams in Los Angeles
正确答案： B解析：
主旨大意题。题目中问“这篇文章主要讲了什么？”从文章的结构以及意思来看，作者主要介绍了洛杉矶这个城市不同的发展之路，以及它所带来的影响。正确答案为B。 -
第22题：
单选题Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT _____.Aa bad impact on other industries
Ba change of tourists' customs
Covercrowdedness of places of interest
Dpressure on traffic
正确答案： D解析： -
第23题：
单选题ABecause they have a driving license.
BBecause they have received special training.
CBecause the traffic conditions in London are good.
DBecause the traffic system of the city is not very complex.
正确答案： D解析：
细节题。根据“the reasons London taxi drivers are so efficient is that they all have gone through a very tough training period”可以判断答案为B。