共用题干 The Benefits of Lifelong Learning for AdultsLifelong learning is the process of keeping your mind and body engaged一at any age一by actively pursuing knowledge and experience.In fact,it has many benefits.Firstly,it keeps the mind sharp and it improves t

共用题干
The Benefits of Lifelong Learning for Adults

Lifelong learning is the process of keeping your mind and body engaged一at any age一by actively pursuing knowledge and experience.In fact,it has many benefits.Firstly,it keeps the mind sharp and it improves the memory.Secondly,it improves self-confidence and offers an opportunity to try something new. Thirdly,it gives the learner the feeling of accomplishment. Also,it offers the learner the opportunity to keep in touch with people who share with him/her the same interests and make new acquaintances.Finally,it offers an opportunity to learn a new skill or trade.
Achieving retirement means having a lot of spare time and becoming more stressed and bored. However,some adults think that learning at that age is a way to get rid of this situation of boredom and stress.For them learning should be a lifelong process and even retirement should be an opportunity to try new things rather than being passive and pessimistic.

By lifelong learning,people will make more money.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
Learning Disabilities
Learning disabilities are very common.They affect perhaps 1 0 percent of all children.Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.
Since about 1970,new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better.Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things.There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.
You cannot look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability.There is no outward sign of the disorder.So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.
In one study,researchers examined the brain of a learning-disabled person who had died in an accident. They found two unusual things.One involved cells in the left side of the brain,which control language.These cells normally are white.In the learning disabled person,however,these cells were gray.The researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the way they should have been.The nerve cells were mixed together.
The study was carried out under the guidance of Norman Geschwind,an early expert on learning disabilities, Doctor Geschwind proposed that learning disabilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain. He believed this side of the brain failed to develop normally.Probably,he said,nerve cells there did not connect as they should.So the brain was like an electrical device in which the wires were crossed.
Other researchers did not examine brain tissue.Instead,they measured the brain's electrical activity and made a map of the electrical signals.
Frank Dully experimented with this technique at Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston.Doctor Dully found large differences in the brain activity of normal children and those with reading problems.The differences appeared throughout the brain.Doctor Dully said his research is evidence that disabilities involve damage to a wide area of the brain,not just the left side.

Doctor Dully believed that______.
A:he found the exact cause of learning disabilities
B:the problem of learning disabilities did not lie in the left side of the brain
C:the problem of learning disabilities resulted from the left side of the brain
D:the problem of learning disabilities was not limited to the left side of the brain

共用题干
Learning Disabilities
Learning disabilities are very common.They affect perhaps 1 0 percent of all children.Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.
Since about 1970,new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better.Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things.There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.
You cannot look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability.There is no outward sign of the disorder.So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.
In one study,researchers examined the brain of a learning-disabled person who had died in an accident. They found two unusual things.One involved cells in the left side of the brain,which control language.These cells normally are white.In the learning disabled person,however,these cells were gray.The researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the way they should have been.The nerve cells were mixed together.
The study was carried out under the guidance of Norman Geschwind,an early expert on learning disabilities, Doctor Geschwind proposed that learning disabilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain. He believed this side of the brain failed to develop normally.Probably,he said,nerve cells there did not connect as they should.So the brain was like an electrical device in which the wires were crossed.
Other researchers did not examine brain tissue.Instead,they measured the brain's electrical activity and made a map of the electrical signals.
Frank Dully experimented with this technique at Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston.Doctor Dully found large differences in the brain activity of normal children and those with reading problems.The differences appeared throughout the brain.Doctor Dully said his research is evidence that disabilities involve damage to a wide area of the brain,not just the left side.

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that______.
A:many factors account for learning disorder
B:a learning-disabled person shows no outward signs
C:reading disabilities are a common problem that affects 10 percent of the population
D:the brain activity of learning-disabled children is different from that of normal children

共用题干
Exercising Your Memory
1. Aging does not mean a dramatic decline in memory power,unless you help it happen by letting your mind go.
2. That's not to say that memory doesn't change throughout life.Researchers divide memory into categories based on the length of time when memories are stored.One system divides it up as short-term(less than one minute;remembering a telephone number while you dial,for in-stance),long-term(over a period of years)and very long-term memory(over a lifetime).
3. Short-term memory isn't mastered until about age 7,but after that you never lose it. Long-term memory,however,involves more effort and skill and changes more through life.It's not until the early teens（十几岁）that most people develop a mature long-term memory.
4. First,we must get information into our heads through learning.Learning strategies can get rusty（生锈）without constant use. High school and college students,who are forced to repeated-ly exercise their long-term memory abilities(at least long enough to get them through a final ex- am),usually do well on memory tests.The longer you stay in school,the more chance you get to polish your learning skills.It's no wonder that more highly educated people have more effective memory skills throughout life.
5. Although older people in general learn somewhat more slowly than they did when younger,a dramatic difference exists between those who stay intellectually active—reading,discussing,tak- ing classes, thinking—and those who do not. Giving the brain daily workout（锻炼）is just as important as exercising your muscles.Brainwork keeps your learning strategies in shape,and this helps your memory to function at full capacity.
6.The next part of a healthy long-term memory is retention(记忆力）,the ability to store what you have learned.Memory researchers still do not know whether memories are los—whether they still exist in the brain but our mental searching cannot turn them up,or have disappeared entirely as our brain ages.
7. The third necessity for memory is recall,the ability to bring to mind the memories we have stored .Again,while aging has widely different effects on the recall abilities of different people, research indicates that the older we get,the longer it takes to recall facts.But slower recall is still recall.In fact,aging does not seem to have any effect on forgetting at all,which takes place at the same rate in younger and older people.

Paragraph 6________
A: Importance of staying intellectually active
B: Effects of aging on a person's recall ability
C: Short-term memory versus long-term memory
D: Retention as the second necessity for memory
E: Link between learning strategies and effective memory skills
F: Significance of exercising your muscles

Online distance learning is an instructional system which connects learners with educational resources．Students work on their own at home,at work,or at school and communicate with faculty and other students by means of e-mail,electronic meetings,videoconferencing,chat rooms,instant messaging and other forms of computer-based communication．There are both advantages and disadvantages to online distance learning.
There are many benefits to using online distance learning environments．Online education is available all the time,anywhere and to all people．However,there are weaknesses for some learners．The online learner only has the written text and no other face-to-face hints．This may confuse the learner and cause misunderstanding．While distance learning allows for an openness,it is also difficult because it is done by e-mail messages and writing,and therefore may take more time than face-to-face learning．Sometimes the messages can be overwhelming for many online students.
Universities,colleges and schools use online distance learning environments．These are important for students who may be unable to attend classes for various reasons like illnesses or busy everyday schedules．Some learners just want to further their studies at home．They enjoy the convenience of home learning as they take regular programs or enrichment classes.
Online courses keep learners very occupied at all hours of the day．There are a great many messages and other online resources to read and respond to．Most learners have regular jobs or attend regular school classes on ground as well．However,the benefits are clear．Online distance learning is becoming very popular．Some online classes have become a profitable business as they replace regular traditional means of learning.

Which of the following is TRUE of the passage about online distance learning?

A.It has more disadvantages than advantage
B.It is a learning form based on interne
C.It is not available for some student
D.It has only enrichment classe

资料：What if you were told there was a way you may strengthen your cognitive skills and heighten your intelligence, and all you had to do was was learn to strike up basic conversations in another language?
It probably sounds great, because if you’re like most you would love to be able to speak a second language. But then, you recall your experience in high school foreign language-boring tote memorization and long hours with little progress-and perhaps it doesn’t sound so good any more.
But, what if you were told it would take only 10 days to be on your way to becoming bilingual? Most people recognize the many benefits of learning a foreign language: You can travel to foreign countries and fell comfortable, be a more productive and enticing employee in today’s competitive job market, and immerse yourself in the vast cultures that surround you.
But now, the collective evidence from a number of recent studies suggests that the bilingual experience improves the brain’s so-called executive function-a command system that directs the attention processes that we use for planning, solving problems, and performing various other mentally demanding tasks.
These processes include the ability to ignore distractions to stay focused, switching attention willfully from one thing to another, and holding information in the mind-like remembering a sequence of directions while driving.
Even better, new approaches to learning mean you can learn a new language without the endless repetition, homework, and memorization. One of the most powerful actually trains people to start speaking a new language in as little as 10 days! In fact, it’s so powerful, even the FBI has purchased it!
Want to know more about this amazing approach? Click here!

According to the passage, which of the following may help you heighten your intelligence?

A.Strengthen your cognitive skills.
B.Improve your basic conversations.
C.Begin to learn a foreign language.
D.Talk with others as often as possible.

资料：What if you were told there was a way you may strengthen your cognitive skills and heighten your intelligence, and all you had to do was was learn to strike up basic conversations in another language?
It probably sounds great, because if you’re like most you would love to be able to speak a second language. But then, you recall your experience in high school foreign language-boring tote memorization and long hours with little progress-and perhaps it doesn’t sound so good any more.
But, what if you were told it would take only 10 days to be on your way to becoming bilingual? Most people recognize the many benefits of learning a foreign language: You can travel to foreign countries and fell comfortable, be a more productive and enticing employee in today’s competitive job market, and immerse yourself in the vast cultures that surround you.
But now, the collective evidence from a number of recent studies suggests that the bilingual experience improves the brain’s so-called executive function-a command system that directs the attention processes that we use for planning, solving problems, and performing various other mentally demanding tasks.
These processes include the ability to ignore distractions to stay focused, switching attention willfully from one thing to another, and holding information in the mind-like remembering a sequence of directions while driving.
Even better, new approaches to learning mean you can learn a new language without the endless repetition, homework, and memorization. One of the most powerful actually trains people to start speaking a new language in as little as 10 days! In fact, it’s so powerful, even the FBI has purchased it!
Want to know more about this amazing approach? Click here!

Those learning a foreign language may ________ .

A.seem more productive in the job market
B.comfortably travel to foreign countries
C.get to know different cultures
D.all of the above

资料：What if you were told there was a way you may strengthen your cognitive skills and heighten your intelligence, and all you had to do was was learn to strike up basic conversations in another language?
It probably sounds great, because if you’re like most you would love to be able to speak a second language. But then, you recall your experience in high school foreign language-boring tote memorization and long hours with little progress-and perhaps it doesn’t sound so good any more.
But, what if you were told it would take only 10 days to be on your way to becoming bilingual? Most people recognize the many benefits of learning a foreign language: You can travel to foreign countries and fell comfortable, be a more productive and enticing employee in today’s competitive job market, and immerse yourself in the vast cultures that surround you.
But now, the collective evidence from a number of recent studies suggests that the bilingual experience improves the brain’s so-called executive function-a command system that directs the attention processes that we use for planning, solving problems, and performing various other mentally demanding tasks.
These processes include the ability to ignore distractions to stay focused, switching attention willfully from one thing to another, and holding information in the mind-like remembering a sequence of directions while driving.
Even better, new approaches to learning mean you can learn a new language without the endless repetition, homework, and memorization. One of the most powerful actually trains people to start speaking a new language in as little as 10 days! In fact, it’s so powerful, even the FBI has purchased it!
Want to know more about this amazing approach? Click here!

You may have experienced all the following EXCEPT ________ while learning a foreign language in high school.

A.hard work with little progress
B.long hours of tiring learning.
C.great pronunciation in a sudden
D.boring memorization

共用题干
The Benefits of Lifelong Learning for Adults

Lifelong learning is the process of keeping your mind and body engaged一at any age一by actively pursuing knowledge and experience.In fact,it has many benefits.Firstly,it keeps the mind sharp and it improves the memory.Secondly,it improves self-confidence and offers an opportunity to try something new. Thirdly,it gives the learner the feeling of accomplishment. Also,it offers the learner the opportunity to keep in touch with people who share with him/her the same interests and make new acquaintances.Finally,it offers an opportunity to learn a new skill or trade.
Achieving retirement means having a lot of spare time and becoming more stressed and bored. However,some adults think that learning at that age is a way to get rid of this situation of boredom and stress.For them learning should be a lifelong process and even retirement should be an opportunity to try new things rather than being passive and pessimistic.

Learning ends after retirement.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
The Benefits of Lifelong Learning for Adults

Lifelong learning is the process of keeping your mind and body engaged一at any age一by actively pursuing knowledge and experience.In fact,it has many benefits.Firstly,it keeps the mind sharp and it improves the memory.Secondly,it improves self-confidence and offers an opportunity to try something new. Thirdly,it gives the learner the feeling of accomplishment. Also,it offers the learner the opportunity to keep in touch with people who share with him/her the same interests and make new acquaintances.Finally,it offers an opportunity to learn a new skill or trade.
Achieving retirement means having a lot of spare time and becoming more stressed and bored. However,some adults think that learning at that age is a way to get rid of this situation of boredom and stress.For them learning should be a lifelong process and even retirement should be an opportunity to try new things rather than being passive and pessimistic.

After retirement,people tend to feel more pressure.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
The Benefits of Lifelong Learning for Adults

Lifelong learning is the process of keeping your mind and body engaged一at any age一by actively pursuing knowledge and experience.In fact,it has many benefits.Firstly,it keeps the mind sharp and it improves the memory.Secondly,it improves self-confidence and offers an opportunity to try something new. Thirdly,it gives the learner the feeling of accomplishment. Also,it offers the learner the opportunity to keep in touch with people who share with him/her the same interests and make new acquaintances.Finally,it offers an opportunity to learn a new skill or trade.
Achieving retirement means having a lot of spare time and becoming more stressed and bored. However,some adults think that learning at that age is a way to get rid of this situation of boredom and stress.For them learning should be a lifelong process and even retirement should be an opportunity to try new things rather than being passive and pessimistic.

Lifelong learning keeps young people's mind sharp.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
第二篇

Download Knowledge Directly to Your Brain

For the first time,researchers have been able to hack into the process of learning in the biain,using
induced brain patterns to create a learned behavior. It's not quite as advanced as an instant Kung-fu down-
load,and it's not as sleek as cognitive inception,but it's still an important finding that could lead to new
teaching and rehabilitation techniques.
Future therapies could decode the brain activity patterns of an athlete or a musician,and use them as a
benchmark for teaching another person a new activity,according to the researchers.
Scientists from Boston University and ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories in Kyoto used
functional magnetic resonance imaging,or fMRI,to study the learning process.They were examining the
adult brain's aptitude for visual perceptual learning,or VPL,in which repetitive training improves a per-
son's performance on a particular task.Whether adults can do this as well as young people has been an on-
going debate in neuroscience.
Led by BU neuroscientist Takeo Watanabe,researchers used a method called decoded fMRI neurofeed-
back to stimulate the visual cortex.First they showed participants circles at different orientations.Then they
used fMRI to watch the participants'brain activity.The researchers were then able to train the participants to
recreate this visual cortex activity.
The volunteers were again placed in MRI machines and asked to visualize shapes of certain colors.The
participants were asked to"somehow regulate activity in the posterior part of the brain"to make a solid green
disc as large as they could.They were told they would get a paid bonus proportional to the size of this disc,
but they weren't told anything about what the disc meant.The researchers watched the participants'brain
activity and monitored the activation patterns in their visual cortices.
"Participants can be trained to control the overall mean activation of an entire brain region,"the study
authors write,"or the adtivation in one region relative to that in another region."
This worked even when test subjects were not aware of what they were learning,the researchers said.
"The most surprising thing in this study is that mere inductions of neural activation patterns corresponding to
a specific visual feature led to visual performance improvement on the visual feature,without presenting the fea-
ture or subjects' awareness of what was to be learned,"Watanabe said in a statement.
Watanabe and colleagues said this method can be a powerful tool.
"It can'incept' a person to acquire new learning, skills,or memory,or possibly to restore skills or
knowledge that has been damaged through accident,disease,or aging,without a person's awareness of what
is learned or memorized,"they write.

What have researchers been able to do with the help of the study?
A:Discover a person's learning process in the brain.
B:Make a person know how to do something without learning.
C:Set up different learning patterns for different people.
D:Enable people to learn Kung fu instantly.

Online distance learning is an instructional system which connects learners with educational resources．Students work on their own at home,at work,or at school and communicate with faculty and other students by means of e-mail,electronic meetings,videoconferencing,chat rooms,instant messaging and other forms of computer-based communication．There are both advantages and disadvantages to online distance learning.
There are many benefits to using online distance learning environments．Online education is available all the time,anywhere and to all people．However,there are weaknesses for some learners．The online learner only has the written text and no other face-to-face hints．This may confuse the learner and cause misunderstanding．While distance learning allows for an openness,it is also difficult because it is done by e-mail messages and writing,and therefore may take more time than face-to-face learning．Sometimes the messages can be overwhelming for many online students.
Universities,colleges and schools use online distance learning environments．These are important for students who may be unable to attend classes for various reasons like illnesses or busy everyday schedules．Some learners just want to further their studies at home．They enjoy the convenience of home learning as they take regular programs or enrichment classes.
Online courses keep learners very occupied at all hours of the day．There are a great many messages and other online resources to read and respond to．Most learners have regular jobs or attend regular school classes on ground as well．However,the benefits are clear．Online distance learning is becoming very popular．Some online classes have become a profitable business as they replace regular traditional means of learning.

Sometimes online distance learning can be a problem because__.

A.learners can't afford it
B.learners get too many hints
C.it involves excessive writing
D.it is not available at the weekend

资料：What if you were told there was a way you may strengthen your cognitive skills and heighten your intelligence, and all you had to do was was learn to strike up basic conversations in another language?
It probably sounds great, because if you’re like most you would love to be able to speak a second language. But then, you recall your experience in high school foreign language-boring tote memorization and long hours with little progress-and perhaps it doesn’t sound so good any more.
But, what if you were told it would take only 10 days to be on your way to becoming bilingual? Most people recognize the many benefits of learning a foreign language: You can travel to foreign countries and fell comfortable, be a more productive and enticing employee in today’s competitive job market, and immerse yourself in the vast cultures that surround you.
But now, the collective evidence from a number of recent studies suggests that the bilingual experience improves the brain’s so-called executive function-a command system that directs the attention processes that we use for planning, solving problems, and performing various other mentally demanding tasks.
These processes include the ability to ignore distractions to stay focused, switching attention willfully from one thing to another, and holding information in the mind-like remembering a sequence of directions while driving.
Even better, new approaches to learning mean you can learn a new language without the endless repetition, homework, and memorization. One of the most powerful actually trains people to start speaking a new language in as little as 10 days! In fact, it’s so powerful, even the FBI has purchased it!
Want to know more about this amazing approach? Click here!

The passage is most likely ________.

A.attracting readers to a new approach that will help them become bilingual in 10 days
B.introducing various ways of learning a foreign language
C.explaining the benefits of learning a foreign language
D.making readers pay attention to the importance of learning foreign languages

资料：What if you were told there was a way you may strengthen your cognitive skills and heighten your intelligence, and all you had to do was was learn to strike up basic conversations in another language?
It probably sounds great, because if you’re like most you would love to be able to speak a second language. But then, you recall your experience in high school foreign language-boring tote memorization and long hours with little progress-and perhaps it doesn’t sound so good any more.
But, what if you were told it would take only 10 days to be on your way to becoming bilingual? Most people recognize the many benefits of learning a foreign language: You can travel to foreign countries and fell comfortable, be a more productive and enticing employee in today’s competitive job market, and immerse yourself in the vast cultures that surround you.
But now, the collective evidence from a number of recent studies suggests that the bilingual experience improves the brain’s so-called executive function-a command system that directs the attention processes that we use for planning, solving problems, and performing various other mentally demanding tasks.
These processes include the ability to ignore distractions to stay focused, switching attention willfully from one thing to another, and holding information in the mind-like remembering a sequence of directions while driving.
Even better, new approaches to learning mean you can learn a new language without the endless repetition, homework, and memorization. One of the most powerful actually trains people to start speaking a new language in as little as 10 days! In fact, it’s so powerful, even the FBI has purchased it!
Want to know more about this amazing approach? Click here!

Which of the following is NOT true about the brain’s executive function?

A.It helps people stay focused.
B.It memorizes a sequence of directions.
C.It’s a command system
D.It directs the attention processes.

共用题干
Successful Language Learners

1.Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages.They can pick up new vocabulary,master rules or grammar,and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others.They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others,so what makes language learning so much easier for them?Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners,we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.
2.First of all,successful language learners are independent learners.They do not depend on the book or the teacher;they discover their own way to learn the language.Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain,they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves.They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions.When they guess wrong,they guess again.They try to learn from mistakes.
3.Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore,successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language;they look for such a chance.They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake.They will try anything to com-municate.They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things;they are willing to make mistakes and try again.When communication is difficult,they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete.It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.
4.Finally,successful language learners are learners with a purpose.They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it.It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them.They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.
5.What kind of language learner are you?If you are a successful language learner,you have probably been learning independently,actively,and purposefully.On the other hand,if your language learning has been less than successful,you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.

Paragraph 3_________.
A:Ways to learn a language successfully.
B:Learning a language purposefully.
C:Learning a language actively.
D:Learning a language independently.
E:Learning from mistakes.
F:Learning to think in the target language.