The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another is ( ) called A.blendingB.clippingC.acronymD.compounding

Which same three letter word can be placed in front of the following words to make a new word?　　SIGN, DONE, DUCT, FOUND, FIRM, TRACT, DENSE

The grammatical words which play so large a part in Englishgrammar are for the most part sharply and obviously different fromthe lexical words. A rough and ready difference which may seem　　　　　   1．______most obvious is that grammatical words have “less meaning”, butin fact some grammarians have called them “empty” words as　　　　　　　 2．______opposed in the “full” words of vocabulary. But this is a rather　　　　　3．______misled way of expressing the distinction. Although a word like the　　　　 4．______is not the name of something as man is, it is very far away from being　 　5．______meaningless; there is a sharp difference in meaning between “manis vile” and “the man is vile”, yet theis the single vehicle of this　　6．______difference in meaning.　　Moreover, grammatical words differ considerably among themselvesas the amount of meaning they have even in the lexical　　　　　　　　　 　7．______sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been “littlewords.” But size is by no mean a good criterion for distinguishing　　　　8．______the grammatical words of English, when we consider that we havelexical words as go, man, say, car. Apart from this, however,　　　　　　　9．______there is a good deal of truth in what some people say: we certainlydo create a great number of obscurity when we omit them. This is　　　　　 10．______illustrated not only in the poetry of Robert Browning but in the prose oftelegrams and newspaper headlines.

The ways in which words follow one another and are related to one another is called the syntagmatic dimension of language, the dimension of “chaining” or “sequencing”.（）

Directions: In this part of the test, you will write ONE sentence that is based on a picture. With each picture, you will be given TWO words or phrases that you must use in your sentence. You can change the forms of the words and you can use the words in any order. Your sentences will be scored on:•the appropriate use of grammar and•the relevance of the sentence to the pictureYou will have 8 minutes to complete this part of the test.Practice 1Directions: Write ONE sentence based on the picture, using the TWO words or phrases beneath it. You may change the forms of the words and you may use them, in any order.

Practice 1Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Currently, a new concept, low-carbon life, is gaining popularity.” You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

The discipline that studies the rules governing the formation of words into permissible sentences in languages is called s（）

The grammatical words which play so large a part in English grammarare for the most part sharply and obviously different from the lexical words. Arough and ready difference which may seem the most obvious is that grammatical　　　 1．_______words have “less meaning”, but in fact some grammarians have called them　　　　　 2．_______“empty” words as opposed in the “full” words of vocabulary. But this is a rather 3．_______misled way of expressing the distinction. Although a word like theis not the name　　4．_______of something as man is, it is very far away from being meaningless; there is a　　　 5．_______sharp difference in meaning between “man is vile” and “the man is vile”, yet theis the single vehicle of this difference in meaning. Moreover, grammatical words　　 6．_______differ considerably among themselves as the amount of meaning they have even in th 　7．_______lexical sense. Another name for the grammatical words has been “little words.”But size is by no mean a good criterion for distinguishing the grammatical words 　　8．_______of English, when we consider that we have lexical words as go, man, say, car.　　　　9．_______Apart from this, however, there is a good deal of truth in what some people say:we certainly do create a great number of obscurity when we omit them. This　　　　　10．_______is illustrated not only in the poetry of Robert Browning but in the prose of tele-grams and newspaper headlines.

Practice 1　　Keep in mind this important point in reference to your vocabulary improvement program. If you can personalize your new words, if you can make them bear some relationship to yourself and your way of living, you then materially increase your chances of making these words a permanent part of your vocabulary.　　You cannot learn words in a vacuum. That is, if a word cannot be made to have a bearing on your life, if it cannot be brought within the circle of your own thoughts, if it cannot be made a part of your own personality or of your attitudes, then that word will remain useless to you.

Replace the dots with a word to make five new words.　　(...) SURFER / SHIELD / SOCK / MILL / PIPE

One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain ______ good knowledge of basic word formation.

Replace the dots with a word to make three new words.　　(...)DOOR/FLOW/GROW

The same word can be added to the end of GRASS and the beginning of SCAPE to form two other English words, what is the word?

Test 12　　Friendship is forever a topic for human beings. How do you view “friendship”?　　Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:FRIENDSHIP　　You are to write in three parts.　　In the first part, state specifically what your idea is.　　In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your idea OR describe your idea.　　In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.　　Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.