Questions 61-65 are based on Passage Two:Passage TwoScience is a dominant theme in our culture．Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operatiom They should also have an under
题目
Questions 61-65 are based on Passage Two:
Passage Two
Science is a dominant theme in our culture．Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operatiom They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are, An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist．
This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientist as some sort of magician． The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or-independent of any course-simply to provide a better understanding of science．We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do． It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture． In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture．
We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it．That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women．This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions． In discussing these changes and contributions, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals．
To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when a'bsolutely necessary, alternating he and she．This policy is far from being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally．
We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative,Our approach is usually informal． We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn't take ourselves too seriously． As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living．
According to the passage, “scientific subculture”means ( )．
A．cultural groups that are formed by scientists
B．people whose knowledge of science is very limited
C． the scientific community
D． people who make good contributions to science
相似考题
参考答案和解析
C [解析]通过第一段中的They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are.及第三段中We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it。可以推断科学社区即亚文化。故C项正确。
更多“Questions 61－65 are based on Passage Two:Passage TwoScience is a dominant theme in our cul ”相关问题
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第1题：
Questions 61-65 are based on Passage Two:
Passage Two
I am Sergey Brin !I was born in Moscow． In 1979,when I was 5,my family immigratedto the U． S． A． , California． I remember that on my 9th birthday I got my first computer “Commodore 64”．
Later I graduated with honors in the University of Maryland in Mathematics and IT． The main field of my science research was the technologies used to collect data from unsystematic sources as well as large quantities of texts and science data． I was the author of dozens of articles in leading American academic magazines．
The greatest event in my life happened in 1998 when I was preparing for the defense(论文答辩) of my Doctor's degree in Stanford University． There the fate made me meet Larry Page-a young computer genius． Larry belonged to the inteilectual（知识分子）society．Larry and I quickly became friends when we worked together．
We were searching day and night on the Internet． We were finding a lot of information but with the feeling we still couldn't find enough of what we were looking for． Naturally the idea for a search engine that would allow specific information to be found in the endless pool of data was born like it came to us． It wasn't our plans but we gave up the education at the university． You know the next part,maybe-we managed to turn an ordinary garage in Meplo Park,California,the U． S． A． into our first of．fice,in which Google was born． With excitement we typed the name of the thing which we created with love on September 14th, 1998—www． Google． com． Now,after those years we bought this garage． As a symbol it will always remind us that everything is possible．
Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? ( )
A． The Birth of Google
B． The Founder of Google
C． The Importance of Cooperation
D． The Great Contribution to the Internet
正确答案：B
B[解析]这篇文章从Google的创始人之一五岁时的事情开始介绍，所以标题应该是Google的创始人而不是他创业的内容或者启示。所以答案选B。 -
第2题：
__________is a type of activity in which the teacher reads out a passage in normal speed for two or three times and students are to note down the words they could catch as they listen as much as possible.A. Answering questions.
B. Gap-filling.
C. Dictogloss.
D. Sequencing.答案：C解析：考查听力教学活动中的概念。题目中所述听力教学活动为语法听写(dictogloss)。 -
第3题：
You'd better make a mark __________ you have any questions while you are reading the passage.A．at which
B．in where
C．in the place
D．where答案：D解析：考查状语从句。句意为“如果你在读文章的时候有任何问题，最好在有问题的地方做个标记”，是一个表示位置的状语，where=in which，故选D。 -
第4题：
You′d better make a mark__________ youhave any questions while you are reading the passage.A.at which
B.in where
C.in the place
D.where答案：D解析：考查状语从句。句意为。当你读文章时，最好在有问题的地方做个标记”，从句中缺少表示地点的状语，所以用where引导地点状语从句：而当where引导定语从句时．要有先行词place，加上at可以改成“You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any questions”。 -
第5题：
The passage offers information to answer which of the following questions？( )A.What is a theme concerning art that appears in the final book of Remembrance of Things Past？
B.Precisely when in 1909 did Proust decide to connect the beginning and the end of Remembrance of Things Past？
C.What was the subject of the novel that Proust attempted in 1908？
D.What specific criticisms of Saint-Beuve appear，in fictional form，in Remembrance of Things Past？答案：A解析：
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第6题：
单选题What is the main theme of the passage?AExpecting things to be different gives us hope
BAccepting can make our life happier and better
CTraditional culture becomes root of unhappiness
DJudging good or bad is important for our world
正确答案： D解析：
文章开头提出人们不快乐的根源是不愿意接受事物本来的样子，然后进一步分析说明，最后建议人们想要变得快乐就要学会接受、理解事物本来的样子。故选B。 -
第7题：
单选题Which of the following photovoltaic material is more expensive according to the passage?ANano-based.
BCarbon-based.
CCrystal-based.
DSilicon-based.
正确答案： D解析：
录音中提到carbon-based solar cells（碳基太阳能电池）的价格只是silicon-based versions的十分之一，而生产hybrid nanorod polymer composite就像生产廉价的层压塑料一样，可见silicon-based photovoltaic material比较昂贵，因此选D。 -
第8题：
单选题A swift current occurring in a narrow passage connecting two large bodies of water，which is produced by the continuously changing difference in height of tide at the two ends of the passage，is called a（）.Ahydraulic current
Brectilinear current
Crotary current
Dharmonic current
正确答案： C解析： 暂无解析 -
第9题：
单选题The two passages differ in their perspectives on the debate between industrialists and environmentalists mainly in that Passage 1 emphasizes ______.Amathematics, while Passage 2 emphasizes psychology
Bdeficiencies in the debate, while Passage 2 emphasizes progress in the debate
Cthe irrelevance of externalities, while Passage 2 emphasizes their importance
Dthe impact on taxpayers, while Passage 2 emphasizes the views of politicians
Epollution, while Passage 2 emphasizes recycling
正确答案： C解析：
第一篇文章主要是关于环境保护论争论的缺陷，提到取得的进步很少，妖魔化成分太多，并提议进行更广范围的分析。第二段表明Costanza的作品认为实业家和环境保护主义者没有明显差别，论辩因此取得了进步。 -
第10题：
单选题The author most likely begins and concludes the passage with questions for what reason?ATo suggest possible areas for current and future research
BTo pose a question that is answered in the body of the passage, and then to formulate a question that arises naturally out of the discussion
CTo gain the readers’ attention and encourage their agreement with the arguments in the passage
DTo suggest through rhetorical questions that the problems described in the passage do not actually have answers
ETo test the readers’ knowledge of the material discussed in the passage
正确答案： B解析：
推断题。文章叙述了企业对于《清洁空气法案》的不遵守问题，由此希望引起社会的注意，故本题应选C项。 -
第11题：
单选题Select one answer choice. Based on the passage as a whole, the author most likely feels that the mistakes made by the early astronomers were ______.Aproblematic
Binconsequential
Cdeliberate
Dpreventable
Eunderstandable
正确答案： B解析：
作者提到“The dampness implied by the names is simply an illusion; basalt reflects less light than the surrounding rock, making these regions appear dark and deep.”所以可以推测作者认为早期的天文学家犯的错误是可以理解的，故选E项。 -
第12题：
单选题Which statement most accurately describes the difference between the two passages?APassage 1 deals less directly with the exportation of chimpanzees than does Passage 2.
BPassage 1 is less concerned with the interaction between man and the land than is Passage 2.
CPassage I pertains to a species in its indigenous habitat while Passage 2 addresses the same animal in nonnative settings.
DPassage I ends with an expression of optimism and Passage 2 does not.
EPassage I introduces a species and describes its status worldwide, while Passage 2 limits its discussion of that species to its activities in the Northern Hemisphere.
正确答案： A解析：
第一篇文章主要是关于黑猩猩在自然栖息地生存的情况。第二篇文章主要是关于黑猩猩在非自然栖息地生存的情况。故选C项。 -
第13题：
A swift current occurring in a narrow passage connecting two large bodies of water，which is produced by the continuously changing difference in height of tide at the two ends of the passage，is called a ______.
A.hydraulic current
B.rectilinear current
C.rotary current
D.harmonic current
正确答案：A
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第14题：
_________ is a type of activity in which the teacher reads out a passage in normal speed for two or three times and students are to note down the words they could catch as they listen as much as possible.A．Answering questions.
B．Gap-filling.
C．Dictogloss.
D．Sequencing.答案：C解析：考查听力教学活动。题目中所述听力教学活动为语法听写(dictogloss)。 -
第15题：
Peace was the dominant theme of the conference.A:title
B:mode
C:subject
D:notion答案：C解析：本句话的意思是：和平是本次大会的首要议题。subject：主题、题目，例如：What is the main subject of his lecture？他演讲的主题是什么？title：冠军、头衔，例如：She has won several titles for her excellent performance．由于她出色的表现，她已经赢得了好几个冠军。mode：模式、方式，例如：He has a simple mode of life．他过着简朴的生活。notion：观念、栩念，例如：They have no notion of time．他们没有时间的概念。 -
第16题：
The best title for the passage is“_______”.A.How to Reuse Water
B.Two Solutions to the Problem of Water Shortage
C.Stop Wasting Our Limited Water
D.How to Make Use of Seawater答案：B解析： -
第17题：
单选题Which of the following most accurately states the role of the first paragraph in relation to the passage as a whole?AIt summarizes two theories. the relative merits of which are debated in the passage.
BIt puts forth an argument that the rest of the passage is devoted to refuting.
CIt introduces a new concept that the rest of the passage expands upon.
DIt frames the background and relevance of the material to follow.
EIt outlines the majorthemes of each of the four paragraphs to follow.
正确答案： D解析：
推断题。第一段讲述了科学家们在了解疟疾方面所做的努力：“It took scientists centuries to deconstruct”，然后将疟疾与人类的健康联系“has contributed to the difficulty of devishag effective public health measures to combat the disease”，故D项的表述正确。 -
第18题：
单选题Which of the following is the best title for this passage?AEliminating Starvation
BCombating Malnutrition
CImportance of Calories
DImproving Our Diet
正确答案： D解析：
主旨题。录音首句便指出malnutrition（营养不良）的问题，接着对该问题出现的原因、造成的危害及解决方法等进行了详细的分析。由此可推断，该段录音主要讲述如何应对营养不良问题。因此选项B的内容与录音主要意思相符。
【录音原文】
In most corners of the world malnutrition is plainly a matter of outright insufficiency of food for population—where the majority of the people do not obtain enough food calories to meet minimal needs for support of physical work and for maintenance of health. Elsewhere the problem may be not one of insufficient calories but of lack of specific nutrients essential for health.
In Latin America, as in other places, the dread protein deficiency disease kwashiorkor is taking its heavy toll on children’s lives. Strategic vitamins and minerals may be lacking due to traditional diets which are nutritionally imbalanced. Here people continue their eating pattern year after year without knowledge of what their dietary habits are doing to themselves and to future generation. With a basic knowledge of nutritional needs and deficiencies, efforts would be directed to finding food substitutes which could meet these needs. Mixtures of vegetable proteins, like soybeans and peanuts, could provide an abundance of cheap, useful protein where meats, eggs, and milk are not within economic reach of large groups in the population. Efforts could also be expanded on increasing the agricultural productivity in specific regions; where large areas are given over to relatively inefficient use as grazing land, the intensive production of vegetable protein crops could bring remedial nutrition to an undernourished population. -
第19题：
单选题Which best characterizes how the impact of science on chimpanzees is treated in these two passages?AThe author of Passage 1 lauds the benefits science has produced, while the author of Passage 2 speaks hopefully of possible future benefits.
BBoth of the passages react with distrust to the idea of using science to assess chimpanzees.
CThe first passage lists the studies that showed positive chimp interactions, while the author of Passage 2 refutes their claims,
DThe first passage suggests that science can have a positive impact on perceptions about chimps, whereas the second passage views science as almost universally negative.
EThe author of the first passage is more apt to justify using chimps in science than the author of Passage 2.
正确答案： E解析：
两篇文章对于科学的态度是不同的。第一篇文章列举一些关于黑猩猩的科学发现，体现了科学的正面作用。而第二篇文章提到黑猩猩被滥用为科学实验的对象，故选D项。 -
第20题：
单选题A swift current occurring in a narrow passage connecting two large bodies of water which is produced by the continuously changing difference in height of tide at the two ends of the passage is called a(n)（）.Ahydraulic current
Brectilinear current
Crotary current
Dharmonic current
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第21题：
单选题According to the passage, we should learn to swim because it could ______.Asave our lives
Bkeep us fit and healthy
Cmake us work well with others
正确答案： B解析：
【语篇解读】本文主要列举了一些十八岁之前可以做的事，包括学游泳、收藏物品、尝试至少一种团队运动、画家谱。
由题干中“learn to swim”可以定位至原文第一个粗体小标题处，原文中说“this is so important that it could save your life（这很重要，因为它可以挽救你的生命）”，故A选项为正确答案。 -
第22题：
单选题Which of the following best describes the relationship between the two passages?APassage 2 describes a significant. and discovery that contradicts the argument of Passage 1.
BPassage 2 offers a theory that supports the main point in Passage 1.
CPassage I provides a possible reason for the scientific inquiry presented in Passage 2.
DPassage 1 relates an anecdote that explains the popular misconception in Passage 2.
EPassage 2 provides a historical context for the discovery described in Passage 1.
正确答案： D解析：
第一篇文章主要讲到工具的创造是人类发展史上很重要的一步。第二篇文章主要描述了一项重大发现，即人类什么时候开始创造工具的的。C项最好地将两篇文章的关系表现出来了，第一篇文章提到工具创造对人类进化有很大的影响，第二篇文章继而对第一篇文章提出的问题作进一步研究，故选C项。 -
第23题：
单选题It can be inferred from the passage that _____.Ahonesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications
Bmore employers will use emails to communicate with their employees
Csuitable mesa should be chosen for different communication purposes
Demail is now the dominant medium of communication within a company
正确答案： C解析：
细节题。根据尾段首句，Hancock的研究可以帮助公司为其雇员设计最好的交流方式，后又举例：销售产品时最好采用电话方式，做以诚实为重的工作评估时采用电子邮件。可知，交流目的不同，所适合的交流媒介各异，故选C。选项A、D文中未提及；B为根据文章末句设置的干扰项。