● One tool that is useful during both analysis and design is the （72） ,which is a pictorial representation of the items of information(entities) within the system and the relationships between these pieces of information.（72）A．data dictionaryB．dataflow di
题目
● One tool that is useful during both analysis and design is the （72） ,which is a pictorial representation of the items of information(entities) within the system and the relationships between these pieces of information.
（72）
A．data dictionary
B．dataflow diagram
C．use case diagram
D．entity-relationship diagram
相似考题
更多“● One tool that is useful during both analysis and design is the （72） ,which is a pictorial representation of the items of information(entities) within the system and the relationships between these pieces of information.（72）A．data dictionaryB．dataflow di”相关问题
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第1题：
●Traditional structured analysis techniques focus upon the flow of(71)within a system Object-oriented analysis emphasizes the building of real-world models It examines requirements from the perspective of the classes and objects found in the vocabulary of the(72)domain
Traditional system design method emphasizes the proper and effective structure of a complex systemObject-oriented design method encompasses the process of object-oriented decomposition and a(73)for depicting both logical and physical as well as static and dynamic models of the system under design
Object-oriented programming is a method of implementation in which programs are organized as cooperative collections of objects, each of which represents an(74)of some class, and whose classes are all members of a hierarchy of classes united via(75)relationships
(71)A.control B.program C.data D.reference
(72)A.problem B.solution C.data D.program
(73)A.mark B.picture C.symbol D.notation
(74)A.instance B.example C.existence D.implementation
(75)A.control B.inheritance C.inference D.connection
正确答案：C,A,D,A,B
【解析】（参考译文）传统的结构化分析技术关注系统内部数据的流动。面向对象分析方法强调建立现实世界的模型。面向对象分析方法从问题域中的类与对对象的角度考查需求。
传统的系统设计方法强调正确有效的分析复杂系统的结构。面向对象的设计方法强调面向对象的结构过程，强调描述所设计系统中的逻辑的、物理的、静态的、动态的模型。
面向对象的程序设计是一种系统实施方法，在这种方法中，程序是通过互相合作的对象集合组织起来的，其中每个对象都是有某些类的一个实例，而这些类又都是通过继承关系构建起来的类等级体系的成员。 -
第2题：
● Information systems design is defined as those tasks that focus on the specification of a detailed computer-based solution. Typically, there are four systems design tasks for in-house development.
1) The first task is to specify （71） , which defines the technologies to be used by one, more, or all information systems in terms of their data, processes, interfaces, and network components. This task is accomplished by analyzing the data models and process models that are initially created during requirements analysis.
2) The next systems design task is to develop the （72） . The purpose of this task is to prepare technical design specifications for a database that will be adaptable to future requirements and expansion.
3) Once the database prototype has been built, the systems designer can work closely with system users to develop input, output and dialogue specifications. The （73） must be specified to ensure that the outputs are not lost, misrouted, misused, or incomplete.
4) The fourth design task involves packaging all the specifications from the previous design tasks into a set of specifications that will guide the （74） activities during the following phases of the systems development methodology.
Finally, we should （75） and update the project plan accordingly. The key deliverable should include a detailed plan for the construction phase that should follow.
（71）
A. an application architecture
B. a distributed system
C. a system scope
D. a system physical model
（72）
A. database design specifications
B. database organization decisions
C. data structure specifications
D. data distribution decisions
（73）
A. format and layout
B. transaction details
C. additional instructions
D. internal controls
（74）
A. system administrator’s
B. system analyst’s
C. computer programmer’s
D. system designer’s
（75）
A. adjust the project schedule
B. reevaluate project feasibility
C. evaluate vendor proposals
D. select the best vendor proposal
正确答案：A,A,D,C,B
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第3题：
An Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP) is built upon a commercial(71)that promises the seamless(72)of all the information flowing through the company -- financial, accounting, human resources, supply chain and customer information. In implementation, all ERP systems include several features. The system is installed on a typical database management system. It requires initial setup according to the organization's process, but it may be(73)according to the organization's unique process requirements through a tool set contained within the ERP applications. Using ERP,(74)can be prescribed to automate approval processes through established chains of commanD. One of the methods used to effect rapid implementation of the ERP system is to conduct concurrent(75)sessions during the early stages of ERP implementation.
A．operating system
B．middleware
C．software package
D．management system
正确答案：C
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第4题：
Traditional structured analysis techniques focus upon the flow of(1)within a system. Object-oriented analysis emphasizes the building of real-world models, It examines requirements from the perspective of the classes and objects found in the vocabulary of the(2)domain.Traditional system design method emphasizes the proper and effective structure of a complex system. Object-oriented design method encompasses the process of object- oriented decomposition and a(3)for depicting both logical and physical as well as static and dynamic models of the system under design.Object-oriented programming is a method of implementation in which programs are organized as cooperative collections of objects, each of which represents an(4)of some class, and whose classes are all members of a hierarchy of classes united via(5)relationships.
A．control
B．program
C．data
D．reference
正确答案：C
解析：传统的结构化分析技术关注的是系统的数据流程，面向对象分析强调对现实世界的建模，它从问题域中的类和对象的角度来检查需求。传统系统设计方法强调的是复杂系统的适当和有效的结构，面向对象设计方法包括面向对象的分解过程和一个描述待设计系统的物理和逻辑模型，以及动态和静态模型的符号。面向对象的程序设计是这样一种实现方法，程序是协同对象的组织，每个对象都代表一些类的一个实例，这些类是通过继承关系联系起来的类层次的所有成员。 -
第5题：
Traditional structured analysis techniques focus upon the flow of(71)within a system. Object - oriented analysis emphasizes the building of real - world models. It examines requirements from the perspective of the classes and objects found in the vocabulary of the(72)domain.
Traditional system design method emphasizes the proper and effective structure of a complex system. Object -oriented design method encompasses the process of object -oriented decomposition and a(73)for depicting both logical and physical as well as static and dynamic models of the system under design.
Object - oriented programming is a method of implementation in which programs are organized as cooperative collections of objects, each of which represents an(74)of some class, and whose classes are all members of a hierarchy of classes united via(75)relationships.
A．control
B．program
C．data
D．reference
正确答案：C
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第6题：
● A project management technique that is currently in widespread use is the （71） . The purpose of this technique is to detail, in hierarchical fashion, all of the activities that are required to meet project objectives. There are some special activities called （72） , which are events that signify the accomplishment or completion of major deliverables during the project. Most system development methodologies also provide （73） , whose purpose is to contain the various pieces of relevant information – feasibility assessments, schedules, needs analysis, and so forth – in a single place so that they can be presented to project clients and other related parties. Several types of important network diagrams are used in project management. （74） was developed to make clear the interdependence between project tasks before those tasks are scheduled. （75） offers the advantage of clearly showing overlapping tasks.
正确答案：B,D,A,C,D
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第7题：
The objective of （ ）is to determine what parts of the application software will be assigned to what hardware.The major software components of the system being developed have to be identified and then allocated to the various hardware components on which the system will operate. All software systems can be divided into four basic functions. The first is（ ）. Most information systems require data to be stored and retrieved,whether a small file,such as a memo produced by a word processor,or a large database,such as one that stores an organization’s accounting records. The second function is the （ ）,the processing required to access data,which often means database queries in Structured Query Language. The third function is the （ ）,which is the logic documented in the DFDs,use cases,and functional requirements.The fourth function is the presentation logic,the display of information to the user and the acceptance of the user’s commands.The three primary hardware components of a system are （ ）.
A.architecture design B.modular design C.physical design D.distribution design A.data access components B.database management system C.data storage D.data entities A.data persistence B.data access objects C.database connection D.dataaccess logic A.system requirements B.system architecture C.application logic D.application program A.computers,cables and network B.clients,servers,and network C.CPUs,memories and I/O devices D.CPUs,hard disks and I/O devices
正确答案：A,C,D,C,B
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第8题：
● （71） analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems. Ultimately, the system models become the （72） for designing and constructing an improved system. （73） is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered. Systems analysts draw a series of process models called
（74） . （75） is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.
（71）
A. Prototyping
B. Accelerated
C. Model-driven
D. Iterative
（72）
A. image
B. picture
C. layout
D. blueprint
（73）
A. Structured analysis
B. Information Engineering
C. Discovery Prototyping
D. Object-Oriented analysis
（74）
A. PERT
B. DFD
C. ERD
D. UML
（75）
A. Structured analysis
B. Information Engineering
C. Discovery Prototyping
D. Object-Oriented analysis
正确答案：C,D,A,B,D
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第9题：
The term computer describes a device made up of a combination of electronic components．By itself, a computer has no ( 1) and is referred to as hardware, which means simply the physical equipment． The hardware can't be used until it is connected to other elements, all of which constitute the six parts of a computer-based information system,hardware,software,data/information, people, procedures and communications．
A system is defined as a collection of related components that ( 72) to perform a task in order to accomplish a goal． Any organization that uses information technology will have a computer-based information system to provide managers (and various categories of employees with the appropriate kind of information to help them make decisions．
Systems analysis and design is to ascertain how a system works and then take steps to make it (73 ) Often, a system approach is used to define, describe, and solve a problem or to meet a(an)（ 74）
From time to time, organizations need to (75 ) their information systems, in, response to new marketing' opportunities, modified government regulations, the introduction ．of new technology, merger with another company, or other developments． When change is needed, the time is ripe for applying the principles of systems analysis and design．
（1）应选（ ）。
A. information
B. software
C. intelligence
D. Data答案：C解析：翻译：
计算机这个术语描述由电子的和机电的部件组合而成的一种设备。计算机本身没有只能，因此称为硬件，仅仅是物理设备。硬件只有和其他要素连接才能使用，所有这些要素即为构成基于计算机信息系统的六要素：硬件、软件、数据/信息、人、操作程序和通信。
系统定义为一组相关组件的集合，这些组件相互交互以完成一个任务，以实现一个目标。任何使用信息技术的组织会拥有一个基于计算机的信息系统，给管理人员（和各类员工）提供适当类型的信息以帮助他们做出决策。
系统分析和设计是确定系统如何工作然后经过一系列步骤以使其更好。通常，采用系统方法来定义、描述和解决一个问题或满足一个目标。
随着时间推移，新的市场机会、政府规定的变化、新技术的出现、公司兼并以及其他方面的发展等，使得组织需要改变其信息系统。当需要改变时，应用系统分析与设计的时机已经成熟。 -
第10题：
The purpose of the systems analysis phase is to build a logical model of the new system.The first step is（71），where you investigate business processes and document what the new system must do to satisfy users. This step continues the investigation that began during the（72）. You use the fact-finding results to build business models，data and process models，and object models. The deliverable for the systems analysis phase is the（73），which describes management and user requirements，costs and benefits，and outlines alternative development strategies.The purpose of the systems design phase is to create a physical model that will satisfy all documented requirements for the system. During the systems design phase，you need to determine the（74），which programmers will use to transform the logical design into program modules and code. The deliverable for this phase is the（75），which is presented to management and users for review and approval.A.system charter
B.system scope definition
C.system blueprint
D.system requirements document答案：B解析：翻译：系统分析阶段的目的是建立新系统的逻辑模型，第一步就是进行（71），调查业务流程并记录新系统必须做哪些以满足用户需求。这一步是（72）的延续，可以使用调查结果构建业务模型，数据和流程模型以及对象模型。系统分析阶段的可交付成果是（73），它描述了管理和用户要求，成本和收益，还有可替代的方案。系统设计阶段的目的是创建一个能够满足系统所有需求文件要求的物理模型。 在系统设计阶段，需要确定（74），程序员通过系统过程模型把逻辑设计转换为程序模块和代码。该阶段的可交付成果是（75），提交给管理层和用户审查和批准。（73） A．系统章程B．系统范围定义C．系统蓝图 D．系统需求文件
参考答案：（73）B -
第11题：
The purpose of the systems analysis phase is to build a logical model of the new system.The first step is（71），where you investigate business processes and document what the new system must do to satisfy users. This step continues the investigation that began during the（72）. You use the fact-finding results to build business models，data and process models，and object models. The deliverable for the systems analysis phase is the（73），which describes management and user requirements，costs and benefits，and outlines alternative development strategies.The purpose of the systems design phase is to create a physical model that will satisfy all documented requirements for the system. During the systems design phase，you need to determine the（74），which programmers will use to transform the logical design into program modules and code. The deliverable for this phase is the（75），which is presented to management and users for review and approval.A.system architecture description
B.system design specification
C.system technique architecture
D.physical deployment architecture答案：B解析：翻译：系统分析阶段的目的是建立新系统的逻辑模型，第一步就是进行（71），调查业务流程并记录新系统必须做哪些以满足用户需求。这一步是（72）的延续，可以使用调查结果构建业务模型，数据和流程模型以及对象模型。系统分析阶段的可交付成果是（73），它描述了管理和用户要求，成本和收益，还有可替代的方案。系统设计阶段的目的是创建一个能够满足系统所有需求文件要求的物理模型。 在系统设计阶段，需要确定（74），程序员通过系统过程模型把逻辑设计转换为程序模块和代码。该阶段的可交付成果是（75），提交给管理层和用户审查和批准。（75） A．应用程序架构 B．系统设计规格说明书C．系统技术架构 D．系统部署架构参考答案：（75）B -
第12题：
The purpose of the systems analysis phase is to build a logical model of the new system.The first step is（71），where you investigate business processes and document what the new system must do to satisfy users. This step continues the investigation that began during the（72）. You use the fact-finding results to build business models，data and process models，and object models. The deliverable for the systems analysis phase is the（73），which describes management and user requirements，costs and benefits，and outlines alternative development strategies.The purpose of the systems design phase is to create a physical model that will satisfy all documented requirements for the system. During the systems design phase，you need to determine the（74），which programmers will use to transform the logical design into program modules and code. The deliverable for this phase is the（75），which is presented to management and users for review and approval.A.application architecture
B.system datA.model
C.system process model
D.implement environment答案：C解析：翻译：系统分析阶段的目的是建立新系统的逻辑模型，第一步就是进行（71），调查业务流程并记录新系统必须做哪些以满足用户需求。这一步是（72）的延续，可以使用调查结果构建业务模型，数据和流程模型以及对象模型。系统分析阶段的可交付成果是（73），它描述了管理和用户要求，成本和收益，还有可替代的方案。系统设计阶段的目的是创建一个能够满足系统所有需求文件要求的物理模型。 在系统设计阶段，需要确定（74），程序员通过系统过程模型把逻辑设计转换为程序模块和代码。该阶段的可交付成果是（75），提交给管理层和用户审查和批准。（74） A．应用程序架构描述B．系统数据模型C．系统过程模型 D．实施环境参考答案：（74）C -
第13题：
One tool that is useful during both analysis and design is the ______，which is a pictorial representation of the items of infonnation(entities)within the system and the relationships between these pieces of information．
A．data dictionary
B．dataflow diagram
C．use case diagram
D．entity-relationship diagram
正确答案：D
解析：在系统分析和设计中同样适用的工具是答案D实体关系图，它通过图形形式，表现系统内的实体信息以及这些信息之间的关系。 -
第14题：
● The function of （72） is to convert information from one physical representation to digital electrical signals.
（72）
A. I/O devices
B. disk
C. memory
D. CPU
正确答案：A
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第15题：
●An Embedded System is a (72)designed for specific control functions within a larger system.
(72) A． computer
B． program
C．computer system
D．tool
正确答案：C
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第16题：
analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems. Ultimately, the system models become the(72)for designing and constructing an improved system.(73)is such a technique. The emphasis in this technique is process-centered. Systems analysts draw a series of process models called(74).(75)is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.
A．Prototyping
B．Accelerated
C．Model-driven
D．Iterative
正确答案：C
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第17题：
●The traditional model for systems development was that an IT department used (71)which is a process-centered technique, and consulted users only when their input or approval was needed. Compared with traditional methods, many companies find that JAD allows key users to participate effectivelyin the (72). When properly used, JAD can result in a more accurate statement of system requirements, a better understanding of common goals and a stronger commitment to the success of the new system. RAD is a team-based technique that speeds up information systems development and produces a functiog.information system. Whilethe end productof jAD is a(an)(73),theendproduct of RAD is the (74) .The RAD model consists offour phases. During the(75),users interact with systems analysts and develop models and prototypes that represent all system processes, outputs, and inputs.
(71) A. structured analysis
B. object-oriented analysis
C. prototype analysis
D. process analysis
(72) A. initial scope definition
B. requirements modeling process
C. object modeling process
D. architecture design process
(73) A. data flow diagram
B. entity relationstip model
C. requirements model
D. object model
(74) A. system proposal
B. system design model
C. new system architecture
D. new information system
(75) A. requirements planning phase
B. user design phase
C. construction phase
D. cutover phase
正确答案：A,B,C,D,B
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第18题：
Models drawn by the system analysts during the process of the structured analysis are(72).
A.PERTs
B.EMV
C.UMLs
D.DFDs
正确答案：D
题目翻译：在结构化系统分析过程中绘出的模型图是DFD图。数据流图（DataFlowDiagram，DFD）是一种能全面地描述信息系统逻辑模型的主要工具，它可以用少数几种符号综合地反映出信息在系统中的流动、处理和存储情况。DFD由数据流、加工、数据存储和外部实体4个要素构成。外部实体是指存在于软件系统之外的人员或组织，它指出系统所需数据的发源地和系统所产生数据的归宿地。 -
第19题：
试题(71)～(75)
The analysis phase answers the questions of who will use the system, what the system will do, and where and when it will be used. During this phase, the project team investigates ny current system,identifies (71) , and develops a concept for the new system. This phase as three steps: first, (72) is developed to guide the project team's efforts. It usually ncludes an analysis of the current system and its problems, and the ways to design a new ystem. The next step is (73) The analysis ofthis information - in conjunction withinput rom the project sponsor and many other people - leads to the development of a concept for a ew system. The system concept is then used as a basis to develop a set ofbusiness analysis odels that describes how the business will operate if the new system were developed. The set of models typically includes models that represent the (74) necessary to support the nderlying business process. Last, the analyses, system concepts, and models are combined nto a document called the (75), which is presented to the project sponsor and other key ecision makers that decide whether the project should continue to move forward.
(71) A. improvementopportunities
B. logicalmodel
C. systemrequirements
D. systemarchitecture
(72) A. a user manual
B. an analysis strategy
C. an analysis use case
D. a design user case
(73) A. project scope definition
B. prob,lems analysis
C. decisionanalysis
D. requirementsgathering
(74) A. dataandprocesses
B. systeminfrastructures
C. externalagents
D. systemsoftware
(75) A. requirementsstatement
B. designspecification
C. systemproposal
D. project charter
正确答案：A,B,D,A,C参考译文
分析阶段回答谁将使用该系统、系统能做什么及系统在何时何地使用的问题。在该阶段，项目组调研当前系统、识别改进机会并开发出一个新系统的概念。这个阶段分为三个步骤：首先，开发一个分析策略来指导项目组工作。这些分析策略通常包括了当前系统及其问题的分析和设计新系统的方法。下一步是需求收集。对这些信息（汇同系统发起人和很多其他人员的输入）的分析会导致开发出一个新系统的概念。系统概念作为开发一组业务分析模型的基础，这些模型描述了新系统开发完成后企业如何运作。这组模型通常包含那些表示数据和过程的模型，这些数据和过程是支持底层业务过程所必需的。最后，这些分析、系统概念和模型合并到一个称为系统建议书的文档中，将被提交给项目组发起人和其他决定项目是否继续执行的主要决策人员。
参考答案
(71)A
(72)B
(73)D
(74)A
(75)C -
第20题：
System analysis is traditionally done top-down using structured analysis based on (71) ．Object-oriented analysis focuses on creation of models．The three types of the analysis model are (72) ．There are two substages of object-oriented analysis． (73) focuses on real-world things whose semantics the application captures．The object constructed in the requirement analysis shows the (74) of the real-world system and organizes it into workable pieces． (75) addresses the computer aspects ofthe application that are visible to users．The objects are those which can be expected to vary from time to time quite rapidly．
（71）
A．functional decomposition
B．object abstraction
C．data inheritance
D．information generalization
正确答案：A
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第21题：
（ ）analysis emphasizes the drawing of pictorial system models to document and validate both existing and/or proposed systems.Ultimately,the system models become the（ ）for designing and constructing an improved system.（ ）is such a technique.The emphasis in this technique is process-centered.Systems analysts draw a series of process models called（ ）、（请作答此空）is another such technique that integrates data and process concerns into constructs called objects.A.Structured analysis
B.Information Engineering
C.Discovery Prototyping
D.Object-Oriented analysis答案：D解析：模型驱动的分析方法强调通过绘制图形化的系统模型来说明和验证已有的或待开发的系统。这些系统模型最终会成为设计和构建改进后的系统的蓝图。结构化分析就是这样一种方法，它是以过程为中心的。在结构化分析方法中，系统分析员所绘制的一系列过程模型被称为DFD。面向对象分析是另外一种模型驱动的分析方法，它将数据和过程统一到了一个被称为"对象"的结构中。 -
第22题：
The purpose of the systems analysis phase is to build a logical model of the new system.The first step is（71），where you investigate business processes and document what the new system must do to satisfy users. This step continues the investigation that began during the（72）. You use the fact-finding results to build business models，data and process models，and object models. The deliverable for the systems analysis phase is the（73），which describes management and user requirements，costs and benefits，and outlines alternative development strategies.The purpose of the systems design phase is to create a physical model that will satisfy all documented requirements for the system. During the systems design phase，you need to determine the（74），which programmers will use to transform the logical design into program modules and code. The deliverable for this phase is the（75），which is presented to management and users for review and approval.A.systems planning phase
B.systems modeling phase
C.systems analysis phase
D.systems design phase答案：A解析：翻译：系统分析阶段的目的是建立新系统的逻辑模型，第一步就是进行（71），调查业务流程并记录新系统必须做哪些以满足用户需求。这一步是（72）的延续，可以使用调查结果构建业务模型，数据和流程模型以及对象模型。系统分析阶段的可交付成果是（73），它描述了管理和用户要求，成本和收益，还有可替代的方案。系统设计阶段的目的是创建一个能够满足系统所有需求文件要求的物理模型。 在系统设计阶段，需要确定（74），程序员通过系统过程模型把逻辑设计转换为程序模块和代码。该阶段的可交付成果是（75），提交给管理层和用户审查和批准。（72） A．系统计划阶段B．系统建模阶段C．系统分析阶段 D．系统设计阶段
参考答案：（72）A -
第23题：
The purpose of the systems analysis phase is to build a logical model of the new system.The first step is（71），where you investigate business processes and document what the new system must do to satisfy users. This step continues the investigation that began during the（72）. You use the fact-finding results to build business models，data and process models，and object models. The deliverable for the systems analysis phase is the（73），which describes management and user requirements，costs and benefits，and outlines alternative development strategies.The purpose of the systems design phase is to create a physical model that will satisfy all documented requirements for the system. During the systems design phase，you need to determine the（74），which programmers will use to transform the logical design into program modules and code. The deliverable for this phase is the（75），which is presented to management and users for review and approval.A.system logical modeling
B.use case modeling
C.requirements modeling
D.application modeling答案：A解析：翻译：系统分析阶段的目的是建立新系统的逻辑模型，第一步就是进行（71），调查业务流程并记录新系统必须做哪些以满足用户需求。这一步是（72）的延续，可以使用调查结果构建业务模型，数据和流程模型以及对象模型。系统分析阶段的可交付成果是（73），它描述了管理和用户要求，成本和收益，还有可替代的方案。系统设计阶段的目的是创建一个能够满足系统所有需求文件要求的物理模型。 在系统设计阶段，需要确定（74），程序员通过系统过程模型把逻辑设计转换为程序模块和代码。该阶段的可交付成果是（75），提交给管理层和用户审查和批准。（71） A．系统逻辑建模B．使用用例模型C．需求建模 D．应用建模参考答案：（71）A