A.team is（请作答此空）just a group of people who happen to work together.Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills.Teams require common processes;they need agreed-upon goals;and they need effective guidance and leadership.The methods for guiding an

Teams are required for most engineering projects. Although some small hardware or software products can be developed by individuals, the scale and complexity of modem systems is such, and the demand for short schedules so great, that it is no longer （ ）for one person to do most engineering jobs. Systems development is a team （ ）, and the effectiveness of the team largely determines the
（请作答此空）of the engineering.
Development teams often behave much like baseball or basketball teams. Even though they may have multiple specialties, all the members work toward（ ）. However, on systems maintenance and enhancement teams, the engineers often work relatively independently, much like wrestling and track teams.
A team is （ ）just a group of people who happen to work together. Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills. Teams require common processes; they need agreed-upon goals; and they need effective guidance and leadership. The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known, but they are not obvious.

A.size
B.quality
C.scale
D.complexity

Extreme Programming（XP）is a discipline of software development with（ ）of simplicity,communication,feedback and courage.Successful software development is a team effort-not just the development team,but the larger team consisting of customer,management and developers.XP is a simple process that brings these people together and helps them to succeed together.XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teams of a dozen or fewer programmers in one location.The principles of XP apply to any（ ）project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly.2011-An XP project needs a（ ）customer to provide guidance.Customers,programmers,managers,are all working（ ）to build the system that's needed．Customers-those who have software that needs to be developed-will learn simple,effective ways to（请作答此空）what they need,to be sure that they are getting what they need,and to steer the project to success.

A.tell
B.know
C.communicate
D.feedback

work（请作答此空）,systems that effectively isolate an organization's internal network structure from an （ ） network, such as the INTERNET is becoming increasingly popular. These firewall systems typically act as application-layer（ ）between networks, usually offering controlled TELNET, FTP, and SMTP access. With the emergence of more sophisticated（ ）layer protocols designed to facilitate global information discovery , there exists a need to provide a general （ ）for these protocols to transparently and securely traverse a firewall.

A.safeguards
B.firewalls
C.routers
D.switches

Teams are required for most engineering projects.Although some small hardware or software products can be developed by individuals,the scale and complexity of modern systems is such,and the demand for short schedules so great,that it is no longer（ ）for one person to do most engineering jobs.Systems development is a team（ ）,and the effectiveness of the team largely determines the（请作答此空）of the engineering.
Development teams often behave much like baseball or basketball teams.Even though they may have multiple specialties,all the members work toward（ ）.However,on systems maintenance and enhancement teams,the engineers often work relatively independently,much like wrestling and track teams.
A team is（ ）just a group of people who happen to work together.Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills.Teams require common processes;they need agreed-upon goals;and they need effective guidance and leadership.The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known,but they are not obvious.

A.size
B.quality
C.scale
D.complexity

A.team is（ ）just a group of people who happen to work together.Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills.Teams require common processes;they need agreed-upon goals;and they need effective guidance and leadership.The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known,but they are not obvious.

A.multiple objectives
B.different objectives
C.a single objective
D.independent objectives

Teams are required for most engineering projects. Although some small hardware or software products can be developed by individuals, the scale and complexity of modem systems is such, and the demand for short schedules so great, that it is no longer ___71___ for one person to do most engineering jobs. Systems development is a team ___72___, and the effectiveness of the team largely determines the ___73___ of the engineering.
Development teams often behave much like baseball or basketball teams. Even though they may have multiple specialties, all the members work toward ___74___. However, on systems maintenance and enhancement teams, the engineers often work relatively independently, much like wrestling and track teams.A team is ___75__ just a group of people who happen to work together. Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills. Teams require common processes; they need agreed-upon goals; and they need effective guidance and leadership. The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known,but they are not obvious.

A.relatively
B. /
C.only
D.more than

Teams are required for most engineering projects. Although some small hardware or software products can be developed by individuals, the scale and complexity of modem systems is such, and the demand for short schedules so great, that it is no longer ___7
Development teA.ms often behA.ve much like bA.sebA.ll or bA.sketbA.ll teA.ms. Even though they mA.y hA.ve multiple speciA.lties, A.ll the members work towA.rd ___74___. However, on systems mA.intenA.nce A.nd enhA.ncement teA.ms, the engineers often work relA.tively independently, much like wrestling A.nd trA.ck teA.ms.A. teA.m is ___75__ just A. group of people who hA.ppen to work together. TeA.mwork tA.kes prA.ctice A.nd it involves speciA.l skills. TeA.ms require common processes; they need A.greed-upon goA.ls; A.nd they need effective guidA.nce A.nd leA.dership. The methods for guiding A.nd leA.ding such teA.ms A.re well known,but they A.re not obvious.

A.convenient
B.existing
C.prA.cticA.l
D.reA.l

共用题干
Are You a Successful Leader?

1 Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation.At work or at play,you'll find yourself in
groups,working with other people:your team at work,a meeting with colleagues,your family,a holiday with
friends,a group of students working together,a day out walking in the mountains,a group of neighbours want-
ing to make changes.It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the
major keys to success,partly because we need to do it so often.
2 In almost every situation where you're in a group,you will need a skilled leader. All groups need
leaders and all successful groups have good leaders.Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost
always break down. Members of a leaderless group often begin to feel dissatisfied and frustrated.Time is wasted
and the tasks are not achieved.There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to
keep the goals clear. Some personalities dominate and others disappear. Often group members begin not to
come to meetings in order to avoid more disharmony.
3 Some people are natural leaders.The celebrity chef,Antonio Carluccio says,"True leaders are born
and you can spot them in kitchens."They're people who combine toughness,fairness and humour. Although
a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders,most people now recognize that leadership can
also be taught.Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader.
Good leaders don't make people do things in a bossy,controlling way.You can learn how to involve everyone,
encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal.
4 Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary
to be a good leader. Seff-confidence is vital and being able to overcome your own fears about being a leader.
Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent.They need to be able to work out good strategies and
make sound judgements under pressure.Lastly,and probably most importantly,good leaders need to be sensi-
tive,sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people.Good leadership is essentially the ability to
influence others and good leaders allow all members of the group to contribute.

Paragraph 1_________
A:A Good Leader Needs a Variety of Qualities
B:These Techniques are Used to Train Leaden
C:Training can Make Good Leaders
D:Most of Good Leaders are Natural-born
E:It's Important to Have a Good Leader
F:People are in Groups

共用题干
Are You a Successful Leader?

1 Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation.At work or at play,you'll find yourself in
groups,working with other people:your team at work,a meeting with colleagues,your family,a holiday with
friends,a group of students working together,a day out walking in the mountains,a group of neighbours want-
ing to make changes.It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the
major keys to success,partly because we need to do it so often.
2 In almost every situation where you're in a group,you will need a skilled leader. All groups need
leaders and all successful groups have good leaders.Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost
always break down.Members of a leaderless group often begin to feel dissatisfied and frustrated.Time is
wasted and the tasks are not achieved.There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is
nobody to keep the goals clear. Some personalities dominate and others disappear. Often group members begin
not to come to meetings in order to avoid more disharmony.
3 Some people are natural leaders.The celebrity chef,Antonio Carluccio says,"True leaders are born
and you can spot them in kitchens."They're people who combine toughness,fairness and humour. Although
a lot of people agree that there are somne natural-born leaders,most people now recognize that leadership can
also be taught.Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader.
Good leaders don't make people do things in a bossy,controlling way.You can learn how to involve everyone,
encouraging the whole group to work towards a comnmon goal.
4 Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary
to be a good leader. Self-confidence is vital and being able to overcome your own fears about being a leader.
Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent.They need to be able to work out good strategies and
make sound judgements under pressure.Lastly,and probably most importantly,good leaders need to be sensi-
tive,sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people.Good leadership is essentially the ability to
influence others and good leaders allow all members of the group to contribute.

Good leaders always avoid_________.
A:the ability to work with others
B:encouraging group members
C:lack of good leaders
D:overcoming fears about being a leader
E:bossing people around
F:working out good strategies

共用题干
第一篇

Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population.Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago.Because more people live longer,there are more people around at any given time.In fact,it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birth rates,that has led to the population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load.In all societies,people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them.In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die.In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved,whereas if the parents survived they could have another child.In most contemporary societies,people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work;we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age.Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement,somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people;unless they have wealth or private or government insurance,they must often"go on welfare"if they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves,they create grave problems for their families.In the past and in some traditional cultures,they would be cared for at home until they died.Today,with most members of a household working or in school,there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person.To meet this need,a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups.While a few of these institutions are good,most of them are simply "dumping grounds"for the dying in which" care" is given by poorly paid,overworked,and underskilled personnel.

In Paragraph 3,the phrase "this need" refers to________.
A:the need to prolong the lives of old people
B:the need to enrich the life of the retired people
C:the need to build profit-making nursing homes
D:the need to take care of a sick and weak person

Teams are required for most engineering projects. Although some small hardware or software products can be developed by individuals, the scale and complexity of modem systems is such, and the demand for short schedules so great, that it is no longer （ ）for one person to do most engineering jobs. Systems development is a team （ ）, and the effectiveness of the team largely determines the
（ ）of the engineering.
Development teams often behave much like baseball or basketball teams. Even though they may have multiple specialties, all the members work toward（请作答此空）. However, on systems maintenance and enhancement teams, the engineers often work relatively independently, much like wrestling and track teams.
A team is （ ）just a group of people who happen to work together. Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills. Teams require common processes; they need agreed-upon goals; and they need effective guidance and leadership. The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known, but they are not obvious.

A. multiple objectives
B. different objectives
C. a single objective
D. independent objectives

Extreme Programming (XP) is a discipline of software development with( )of simplicity, communication, feedback and courage. Successful software development is a team effort - not just the development team, but the larger team consisting of customer, management and developers. XP is a simple process that brings these people together and helps them to succeed together. XP is aimed primarily at object-oriented projects using teams of a dozen or fewer programmers in one location. The principles of XP apply to any(请作答此空)project that needs to deliver quality software rapidly and flexibly.2011-An XP project needs a( )customer to provide guidance. Customers, programmers, managers, are all working ( )to build the system that's needed．Customers - those who have software that needs to be developed - will learn simple, effective ways to( )what they need, to be sure that they are getting what they need, and to steer the project to success.
A

A.small-sized]
B.moderately-sized]
C.large-sized]
D.huge-sized]

Teams are required for most engineering projects．Although some small hardware or software products can be developed by individuals,the scale and complexity of modem systems is such,and the demand for short schedules so great,that it is no longer（ ）for one person to do most engineering jobs．Systems development is a team（ ）,and the effectiveness of the team largely determines the（ ）of the engineermg．Development teams often behave much like baseball or basketball teams．Even though they may have multiple specialties,all the members work toward（请作答此空）．However,on systems maintenance and enhancement teams,the engineers often work relatively independently,much like wrestling and track teams．A team is（ ）just a group of people who happen to work together．Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills．Teams require common processes;they need agreed-upon goals;and they need effective guidance and leadership．The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known,but they are not obvious．

A.multiple objectives
B.different objectives
C.a single objective
D.independent objectives

A.team is（ ）just a group of people who happen to work together.Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills.Teams require common processes;they need agreed-upon goals;and they need effective guidance and leadership.The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known,but they are not obvious.

A.size
B.quality
C.scale
D.complexity

D.evelopment teams often behave much like baseball or basketball teams.Even though they may have multiple specialties,all the members work toward（ ）.However,on systems maintenance and enhancement teams,the engineers often work relatively independently,much like wrestling and track teams.
A team is（ ）just a group of people who happen to work together.Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills.Teams require common processes;they need agreed-upon goals;and they need effective guidance and leadership.The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known,but they are not obvious.

A.convenient
B.existing
C.practical
D.real

Teams are required for most engineering projects. Although some small hardware or software products can be developed by individuals, the scale and complexity of modem systems is such, and the demand for short schedules so great, that it is no longer ___71___ for one person to do most engineering jobs. Systems development is a team ___72___, and the effectiveness of the team largely determines the ___73___ of the engineering.
Development teams often behave much like baseball or basketball teams. Even though they may have multiple specialties, all the members work toward ___74___. However, on systems maintenance and enhancement teams, the engineers often work relatively independently, much like wrestling and track teams.A team is ___75__ just a group of people who happen to work together. Teamwork takes practice and it involves special skills. Teams require common processes; they need agreed-upon goals; and they need effective guidance and leadership. The methods for guiding and leading such teams are well known,but they are not obvious.

A.multiple objectives
B.different objectives
C.a single objective
D.independent objectives

共用题干
Are You a Successful Leader?

1 Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation.At work or at play,you'll find yourself in
groups,working with other people:your team at work,a meeting with colleagues,your family,a holiday with
friends,a group of students working together,a day out walking in the mountains,a group of neighbours want-
ing to make changes.It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the
major keys to success,partly because we need to do it so often.
2 In almost every situation where you're in a group,you will need a skilled leader. All groups need
leaders and all successful groups have good leaders.Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost
always break down. Members of a leaderless group often begin to feel dissatisfied and frustrated.Time is wasted
and the tasks are not achieved.There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to
keep the goals clear. Some personalities dominate and others disappear. Often group members begin not to
come to meetings in order to avoid more disharmony.
3 Some people are natural leaders.The celebrity chef,Antonio Carluccio says,"True leaders are born
and you can spot them in kitchens."They're people who combine toughness,fairness and humour. Although
a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders,most people now recognize that leadership can
also be taught.Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader.
Good leaders don't make people do things in a bossy,controlling way.You can learn how to involve everyone,
encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal.
4 Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary
to be a good leader. Seff-confidence is vital and being able to overcome your own fears about being a leader.
Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent.They need to be able to work out good strategies and
make sound judgements under pressure.Lastly,and probably most importantly,good leaders need to be sensi-
tive,sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people.Good leadership is essentially the ability to
influence others and good leaders allow all members of the group to contribute.

Good leaders always avoid__________.
A:the ability to work with others
B:encouraging group members
C:lack of good leaders
D:bossing people around
E:working out good strategies
F: overcoming fears about being a leader

共用题干
Are You a Successful Leader?

1 Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation.At work or at play,you'll find yourself in
groups,working with other people:your team at work,a meeting with colleagues,your family,a holiday with
friends,a group of students working together,a day out walking in the mountains,a group of neighbours want-
ing to make changes.It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the
major keys to success,partly because we need to do it so often.
2 In almost every situation where you're in a group,you will need a skilled leader. All groups need
leaders and all successful groups have good leaders.Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost
always break down.Members of a leaderless group often begin to feel dissatisfied and frustrated.Time is
wasted and the tasks are not achieved.There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is
nobody to keep the goals clear. Some personalities dominate and others disappear. Often group members begin
not to come to meetings in order to avoid more disharmony.
3 Some people are natural leaders.The celebrity chef,Antonio Carluccio says,"True leaders are born
and you can spot them in kitchens."They're people who combine toughness,fairness and humour. Although
a lot of people agree that there are somne natural-born leaders,most people now recognize that leadership can
also be taught.Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader.
Good leaders don't make people do things in a bossy,controlling way.You can learn how to involve everyone,
encouraging the whole group to work towards a comnmon goal.
4 Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary
to be a good leader. Self-confidence is vital and being able to overcome your own fears about being a leader.
Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent.They need to be able to work out good strategies and
make sound judgements under pressure.Lastly,and probably most importantly,good leaders need to be sensi-
tive,sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people.Good leadership is essentially the ability to
influence others and good leaders allow all members of the group to contribute.

Paragraph 1____________
A:Most of Good Leaders are Natural-born
B:It's Important to Have a Good Leader
C:People are in Groups
D:These Techniques are Used to Train Leaders
E:Training can Make Good Leaders
F:A Good Leader Needs a Variety of Qualities

D
The Red Cross is an international organization which cares for people who are in need of help.A man in Paris hospital who needs blood，a woman in Mexico who was injured in an earthquake，and a family in India that lost their home in a storm may all be aided by the Red Cross.
The Red Cross exists in almost every country around the globe.The world Red Cross organizations are sometimes called the Red Crescent，the Red Mogen David，the Sun，and the Red Lion.All of these agencies share a common goal of trying to help people in need.
The idea of forming an organization to help the sick and wounded during a war started with Jean Henri Dunant.In 1859，he observed how people were suffering on a battle field in Italy.He wanted to help all the wounded people regardless of which side they were fighting for.The most important result of his work was an international treaty called the Geneva Convention.It protects prisoners of way the sick and wounded，and other citizens during a war.
The American Red Cross was set up by Clara Barton in 1881.Today the Red Cross in the United States provides a number of services for the public，such as helping people in need，teaching first aid and providing blood.
A good title for this selection is_______.

A.People in Need of Help
B.Safety and Protection
C.The International Red Cross
D.Forming an Organization to Help People