Which of the following is NOT true according to the last paragraph?（ ）[A] America will conduct an international-wide aid.[B] The national-wide financial aid is proved helpful.[C] Obama doesn't think highly of American aid system.[D] Mr. Sumner's research
题目
Which of the following is NOT true according to the last paragraph?（ ）
[A] America will conduct an international-wide aid.
[B] The national-wide financial aid is proved helpful.
[C] Obama doesn't think highly of American aid system.
[D] Mr. Sumner's research is proved of great value.
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第1题：
According to the third paragraph ,which of the following is true?
[ A] Five percent of American college students learnt Latin texts.
[ B] Students in New England learnt Latin texts in official organizations.
[ C] Students were compelled to learn modern European languages.
[ D] American college students had to learn Latin grammar by heart.
正确答案：B
60.B【精析】该题为细节题。根据第三段第三句“As recently as the last century, when less than 5% of Americans went to college at all, students in New England establishments were compelled mainly to memorize and recite various Latin texts...”我们知道，上世纪美国只有不到5%的人接受大学教育，而只有新英格兰教育机构的学生们被强迫记忆及背诵各类拉丁文课文，故A、D项错误；根据A 项的分析我们知道，新英格兰的学生在教育机构学习拉丁文课文，教育机构属于官方组织，故B项正确；根据第三段第三句“… crusty professors angrily opposed the introduction of any new scien- tific discoveries or modern European languages。”我们知道，脾气暴躁的大学教授愤怒的反对引进任何新科学发现或者现代欧洲语言，故C项错误。 -
第2题：
The relative pronoun "which" in the last paragraph (Line 6) refers to （ ）.A.experts
B.periods
C.theories
D.issues答案：D解析： -
第3题：
On which of the following did the Justices agree，according to Paragraph 4？( )A.Federal officers’duty to withhold immigrants’information
B.States’independence from federal immigration law
C.States’legitimate role in immigration enforcement
D.Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement答案：C解析：
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第4题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following is true of the last hundred years?AFossil fuels were burned for the first time.
BGreater amounts of land were cleared than at any time before.
CThe average temperature at the Earth’s surface has become 2℃ cooler.
DThe amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased measurably.
正确答案： A解析：
文中第二段第二句表明，过去100年间，矿物燃料的燃烧和森林的砍伐使大气中二氧化碳的含量增加了大约15%，而且我们不断地向大气中排放二氧化碳，由此可以推断，A、B两项表述均不准确；由于大气中的二氧化碳在不断增加，因此地表温度只会升高，而不是降低，C项错误；因此只有D项符合文章大意。 -
第5题：
单选题Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?AOver 30 oil workers have been kidnapped this year in the Niger Delta region.
BA group calling itself the Movement for the Niger Delta People has claimed responsibility for the current reported kidnapping.
CThe last kidnapping occurred last week when a German oil worker was taken away.
DNigeria produces the most crude oil in Africa.
正确答案： D解析：
事实细节的找寻和判断。录音中提到“上周经过伪装的武装分子绑架了一名德国石油工人作为人质”，紧接着便指出“A group calling itself the Movement for the Niger Delta People has claimed responsibility for that kidnapping”，其中该句的that kidnapping指的就是上周对一名德国石油工人的绑架事件。由此可知，该组织并非是此次绑架了15人的实施者。因此选项B表述错误。
【录音原文】
Unidentified kidnappers snatched two Norwegian and two Ukrainian oil workers from a supply ship provisioning oil rigs in Nigeria’s petroleum-rich waters, officials said Wednesday. They were taken hostage late Tuesday from the vessel owned by a Norwegian shipping firm, Trico Supply, company spokesman Bjorn Endresen said in Norway.
Nigeria confirmed the latest violence against the oil industry in Africa’s petroleum giant and said negotiators had been sent to the restive Niger Delta region where most of the crude is pumped.
Endresen said there were 11 other crew members aboard the ship at the time of the kidnapping, but did not give further details. He rejected initial Norwegian media reports that a Briton was among those kidnapped. Norwegian newspaper VG also reported on its Website that the kidnappers were demanding a ransom.
Foreign Ministry spokesman Frode Overland Andersen said he could not confirm the ransom demand, but said the Norwegian Embassy in Abuja was working with local authorities to get more details on the abductions.
Last week, militants wearing camouflage uniforms took hostage a German oil industry worker, spiriting him away on a boat into Nigeria’s troubled oil-rich delta region. A group calling itself the Movement for the Niger Delta People has claimed responsibility for that kidnapping, but police said the group was unknown.
Militants have kidnapped oil workers to bargain for a greater share of the wealth from Africa’s largest crude producer. More than 30 have been taken this year, three from the oil-producing hub of Port Harcourt. The militants argue residents remain deeply impoverished, benefiting little from oil wealth while government officials and oil companies grow rich. -
第6题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?AFood
BChocolate drinks
CPotato
DCoffee
正确答案： D解析： -
第7题：
单选题Which of the following is true about crowdfunding according to the first paragraph?AIt collects money from politicians.
BIt collects money from charities.
CEntrepreneurs invest in the Internet to get supporters.
DIt is a kind of capital accumulation.
正确答案： D解析：
事实细节题。根据题干提示定位到第一段。由文章首句Politicians do it. Charities too. And now for-profit entrepreneurs are tapping the Internet to get small amounts of money from lots and lots of supporters.可知，政治家、慈善机构及追求利润的企业家通过互联网crowdfunding是为了从众多的支持者那里获取大量小份的资金，而不是为这些网站捐款；再根据下文意思可排除A、B和C，从而判断正确答案为D。 -
第8题：
单选题Rodents in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to a species of animals including all the following EXCEPT _____.Arats
Brabbits
Ccats
Dsquirrels
正确答案： C解析：
rodent指啮齿类动物。选项中只有cat不属于啮齿类动物，猫属于猫科动物。故选C。 -
第9题：
单选题According to paragraph 2, which of the following was true of the Fore people of New Guinea?AThey did not want to be shown photographs.
BThey were famous for their story-telling skills.
CThey knew very little about Western culture.
DThey did not encourage the expression of emotions.
正确答案： C解析：
第二段“All groups including the Fore, who had almost no contact with Western culture, agreed on the portrayed emotions.”可知，Fore部落几乎与西方文化毫无接触，也就是很少了解西方文化。 -
第10题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following about Dickens is TRUE?AHe was a peaceful person.
BHe was a quiet writer.
CHe worked very hard at school.
DHe cared a lot about things around him.
正确答案： B解析：
由原文最后一段中的“Dickens was meticulous. Everything had to be just right. When he worked at home, everything had to be in its place. He worked at a desk by a window that always had a vase of flowers and the same ornament on it.”可知，他很关注周围的事物。因此D项正确。 -
第11题：
单选题According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is TRUE?ATeenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
BDriving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
CRestrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.
DThe licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers’ driving accidents.
正确答案： C解析：
细节推断题。A项“少年应花更多的时间学驾车”，而原文未提时间长短问题，故排除。B项“驾车对少年来说，太复杂，少年学不会”与文章不符，文章只提到驾车是一项复杂、技能要求高的工作，但不意味着少年学不会。C项“对申请上驾驶课的少年严加限制”与文不符。D项“颁照当局对少年驾车事故应负部分责任”与第三段末句“根本问题是负责颁照的成年人没认识到，驾车是一项多么复杂技能要求多么高的工作”吻合。 -
第12题：
单选题Which of the following is NOT true according to the last paragraph?AProfessor Kate McLuskie once scolded Shakespeare in her essay.
BProfessor Kate McLuskie insisted on her view on Shakespeare till now.
CProfessor Kate McLuskie has changed her idea now.
DMs. Kate thinks it was time to get away from the idea that there was “a right answer” to any question about Shakespeare.
正确答案： B解析：
此题可用排除法。从最后一段第三句“Her first foray into the world of Shakespeare was to berate him as a misogynist…but she now insists this should not be interpreted as a criticism of his works”可看出，她曾痛斥莎士比亚，但她现在认为那并不是对其作品的批评，所以A，C正确，B项错误。第二句提到“it was time to get away from the idea that there was ‘a right answer’ to any question about Shakespeare”可见，D也正确。 -
第13题：
According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?
A Colors are encoded in girls' DNA
B Blue used to be regarded as the color for girls
C Pink used to be a neutral color in symbolizing genders
D White is preferred by babies
正确答案：B
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第14题：
Which of the following best describes the organization of the last paragraph of the passage？( )A.An observation is made and qualifications of it are provided.
B.A phenomenon is noted and explanations for it are presented.
C.A hypothesis is presented and arguments against it are cited.
D.A prognosis is made and evidence supporting it is discussed.答案：B解析：结构题。第四段第一句话意为For complicated reasons，American Indian poetry has basically been ignored by non-lndian cultures，这是一种现象。故本题选B。参考译文：大多数北美人对美国印第安人的文化和历史知之甚少，这是很不幸的事实。学者们研究了这些事实，但是他们还没有成功地让这些结论广为人知。因此，很少有人知道美国印第安人有叙事诗，在欧洲人到来之前的很长一段时间，他们表演戏剧，推行政治，进行交易。想要更全面地欣赏美国印第安人丰富文化的方式之一是去研究其诗歌，因为诗歌在任何文化中都是艺术最中心和最清晰的表达。对我们来说研究美国印第安人的诗歌尤其重要，因为诗歌可以创造一个背景，这个背景可以给予我们有关工艺、史前古器物和一些孤立的事实呈现整体表达，不管你愿意与否.这已经成功地让许多美国人注意到这些事实。一个关于美国印第安人诗歌的调查甚至揭示了一系列公然挑衅简单泛化诗歌的思想和技巧。然而，杰罗尔德·拉姆齐冒险做了概述，这一概述是为了让外行的读者至少能够感受到美国印第安人诗歌的样貌。总之，他写道，诗歌代表了“一种口头的、固化的、传统的和匿名的艺术形式”，它通过强调现实中“神话和神圣”部分的方式来呈现，“通过公共表演而繁荣起来……通过技艺高超演唱者演绎观众已然知道诗歌中所包含的个人故事”。并且，诗歌重视表演者，因为他们“有能力去探索他们的戏剧性的材料，并将他们(的故事)与漫长的岁月相结合”，而不是为了他们的“情节创作”。因为，诗歌属于具有高度种族中心主义的部落人民，对于他们的文化“我们仍然知之甚少”，因此“看起来更简洁、更神秘”。拉姆齐忽略了美国印第安人诗歌的另一个特色：功能性。无论是唱、吟诵或者背诵，无论是出于娱乐或作为任务的一部分(例如治愈病人或磨玉米)而进行的仪式上的表演，或者无论是个人背诵还是组队背诵，诗歌总是完全地融入到普通人的生活中。由于一些复杂的原因，美国印第安人的诗歌基本被非印第安人的文化给忽略了。肯尼斯·林肯写道，听不到美国印第安人的声音是因为“一部分是……部落混乱的悲剧，一部分是错译，一部分是关于文学的误解，还有一部分是对文化的不重视”。布莱恩·斯旺补充了一个解释：部落诗歌是口头的，而欧洲人抵达这个新世界的时候是带着“书写是首位”这种根深蒂固的信仰来的。结果，欧洲殖民者发现很难想象如果没有书面文字诗歌还能够存在。因此在欧洲人抵达这里之前的很长一段时间内，美国印第安人已经取得了一些成就，这些成就与欧洲所说的文学旗鼓相当。结果，欧洲人完全没有表达出美国印第安人诗歌的活力。 -
第15题：
According to paragraph 4，a Democrat would be most likely to support government action in which of the following areas？( )A.Creating a state religion.
B.Supporting humanitarian legislation.
C.Destroying monopolies.
D.Recommending particular moral beliefs.答案：C解析：
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第16题：
单选题Which of the following is most clearly similar to a cline as it is described in the second paragraph of the text?AA vegetable market in which the various items are grouped according to place of origin.
BA wheat field in which different varieties of wheat are planted to yield a crop that will bring the maximum profit.
CA flower stall in which the various species of flowers are arranged according to their price.
DA housing development in which the length of the front struts supporting the porch of each house increases as houses are built up the hill.
正确答案： D解析：
词汇理解题。文章第二段第一句提到Biologists call this kind of gradual variation over a certain geographic range a “cline” and interpret clines as strong indications that the variation is adaptive, a response to environmental differences。即cline是受环境影响而产生的某种适应性变化，D项“支撑房子门廊的前方支柱随着房子在山上建造的高度增加而伸长”，与原文的“受环境影响而产生适应性变化”表述一致，本题答案是D项。 -
第17题：
单选题Which of the following is true of women’s nurturiring nature according to the passage?AIt is not inborn in any sense.
BIt is inspired by women’s families.
CIt is caused by social prejudice
DIt is partly biological in origin.
正确答案： D解析：
由第二段第三句“But the signs that it is at least partly inborn are too numberous to ignore. (女人具有“照顾别人的特征”至少有部分是天生的，此类迹象多得不容忽视。)”可知，女性的这个特征有先天方面的原因。A项与句意相矛盾，B、C两项文章中均没提到。故选D。 -
第18题：
单选题According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?AAbout two thousand and two hundred old women took part in the study.
BEleanor Schwarz's research program was about men and women who suffered fromdiabetes.
COver one fifths of the women never got married.
DEleanor Schwarz's results seem more reliable.
正确答案： D解析： -
第19题：
单选题Which of the following statement is true according to paragraph 4?AMen leaders should consult colleagues and subordinates more often.
BFemale leaders’ success is due to their imitating male leaders.
CMen and women are different in their leadership style.
DDecisiveness is an important quality for a successful politician.
正确答案： D解析：
由文章第四段最后一句“Men tend to be more“autocratic”—making decisions on their own—while women tend to consult colleagues and subordinates more often. (男性比较专断独行——独自做决定——而女性则更多地倾向于与同事和下级商量。)”可看出男女在管理方式上的差异。A、B选项是绝对项，D项没提到，故选C。 -
第20题：
单选题The last paragraph performs which of the following functions in the passage?AIt summarizes the discussion thus far and suggests additional areas of research.
BIt presents a recommendation based on the evidence presented earlier.
CIt cites a specific case that illustrates a problem presented more generally in the previous paragraph.
DIt introduces an additional area of concern not mentioned earlier.
正确答案： B解析：
第二段讲由于全球化的影响，很多国内公司不能受到相关法律的保护，在进口公司面前失去竞争力。最后一段便举出特定的例子证实这一观点。 -
第21题：
单选题According to the third paragraph, which of the following statements is INCORRECT?AEvery epitaph on the tomb is overstated.
BSome epitaphs are modest while others are exaggerated.
CThere are accounts on the monuments.
DThe owners of some monuments are not clear.
正确答案： A解析：
细节题。由题干定位到文章第三段。由第一句中examined it more particularly by the accounts可知，C项正确；由二、三句可知，一些碑文过分夸张，而另一些又谦虚过分，故选项B正确；由最后一句中的uninhabited可知，一些碑是无名碑，故D项也正确。第三句中的excessively modest表明，并不是所有的碑文都夸大其词，因此选项A错误，答案为A项。 -
第22题：
单选题Which of the following is true according to the speaker?AThe atmosphere is marked with turbulences.
BThe deep waters are full of turbulent currents.
CThe atmosphere is heated from above.
DThe deep waters are heated from below.
正确答案： A解析：
录音中提到“Unlike the atmosphere, which is characterized by turbulent weather systems, the deep waters are fairly stable.”，由此可知大气层的特点是恶劣多变的天气系统，不像大气层，深水水域则相当稳定，所以A项正确。 -
第23题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?AFood.
BChocolate.
CPotato
DCoffee.
正确答案： A解析：
推理题。文章第一句“In the last 500 years, nothing about people not their clothes，ideas，or languages—has changed as much as what they eat”中，“what they eat”即指“food”。