Text 4There have been rumors. There’s been gossip. All Hollywood is shocked to learn that Calista Flockhart, star of Fox’s hit TV show Ally McBeal, is so thin. And we in the media are falling all over ourselves trying to figure out whether Flockhart has a
题目
Text 4There have been rumors. There’s been gossip. All Hollywood is shocked to learn that Calista Flockhart, star of Fox’s hit TV show Ally McBeal, is so thin. And we in the media are falling all over ourselves trying to figure out whether Flockhart has an eating disorder, especially now that she has denied it. Well, I’m not playing the game. If the entertainment industry really cared about sending the wrong message on body image, it wouldn’t need so many slender celebrities in the first place.
But the fact remains that 2 million Americans—most of them women and girls—do suffer from eating disorders. In the most extreme cases they literally starve themselves to death. And those who survive are at greater risk of developing brittle bones, life-threatening infections, kidney damage and heart problems. Fortunately, doctors have learned a lot over the past decade about what causes eating disorders and how to treat them.
The numbers are shocking. Approximately 1 in 150 teenage girls in the U. S. falls victim to anorexia nervosa, broadly defined as the refusal to eat enough to maintain even a minimal body weight. Not so clear is how many more suffer from bulimia, in which they binge on food, eating perhaps two or three days’ worth of meals in 30 minutes, then remove the excess by taking medicine to move the bowels or inducing vomiting. Nor does age necessarily protect you. Anorexia has been diagnosed in girls as young as eight. Most deaths from the condition occur in women over 45.
Doctors used to think eating disorders were purely psychological. Now they realize there’s some problematic biology as well. In a study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry recently, researchers found abnormal levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain, in women who had been free of bulimia for at least a year. That may help explain why drugs have allowed a lot of people to stop swallowing in large doses of food. Unfortunately, the pills don’t work as well for denial of food. Nor do they offer a simple one-stop cure. Health-care workers must re-educate their patients in how to eat and think about food.
How can you tell if someone you love has an eating disorder? “Bulimics will often leave evidence around as if they want to get caught.” Says Tamara Pryor, director of an eating-disorders clinic at the University of Kansas in Wichita. Anorexics, by contrast, are more likely to go through long periods of denial.
第36题：We can infer from the first paragraph that _____.
［A］ the media has mislead the public’s view of celebrities
［B］ there is much misunderstanding about eating disorders
［C］ body image concerns are an indication of eating disorders
［D］ the entertainment industry is combating eating disorders
相似考题
参考答案和解析
正确答案：C
本题考查推理引申。第一段举了一位明星的例子，指出由于她过分消瘦，引起公众怀疑她患有饮食性疾患。由此可推出公众的怀疑是因为该明星对身体形象的过分关注，［C］项正确。该段末句用虚拟语气指出，“如果娱乐业真地担心在身体形象上传达错误的信息……”。言外之意是娱乐业在一定程度上误导了人们有关身体形象的看法。排除 ［D］项，［A］项错在celebrity。［B］项无从推知，文章开始出现的rumors和gossip指的是公众对明星是否患病的猜测。
更多“Text 4There have been rumors. There’s been gossip. All Hollywood is shocked to learn that Calista Flockhart, star of Fox’s hit TV show Ally McBeal, is so thin. And we in the media are falling all over ourselves trying to figure out whether Flockhart has a”相关问题
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第1题：
--- I just heard that the tickets for tonight s show have been sold out. --- _______.
A、Oh no! I was looking forward to that
B、Oh no! It doesn t matter
C、Oh no! I knew it already
D、Oh no! It s not at all interesting
参考答案：A
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第2题：
My vessel is healthy and I request free pratique．What does the sentence My vessel is healthy mean？It means： ______.
A.My ship has been maintained
B.My ship has been painted
C.All my crew members have been vaccinated
D.All my crew members have no quarantinable diseases
正确答案：D
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第3题：
共用题干
U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars
NASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes,flowing rivers and a Va-riety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.
Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample;the lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that iden-tifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.
“We have water,”said William Boynton of the University of Arizona,lead scientist for ,the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer,or TEGA.“This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted.”
The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of,what its water is like,and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.
The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep.When the robotic arm first reached that depth,it hit a hard layer of frozen soil.Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop.Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days,letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.
“Mars is giving us some surprises,”said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona.“We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck,different from what we expected,from all the Mars simulation tes-ting we've done so far.”
Since landing on May 25,Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab,TEGA, a microscope,a conductivity probe and cameras.The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.
The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.
“It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,”said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.
A full-circle,color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.
“The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see,”said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University,lead scientist for
Phoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera.“They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale.”Which one of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?
A: Scientists have been trying to break the ice-rich layers of soil on Mars.
B: Scientists have been surprised by how the soil on Mars behaves.
C: Scientists have been trying to find out if there is life supporting material on Mars.
D: Scientists have been trying to know if water ice will melt.答案：A解析：题干意为“美国国家航空航天局‘凤凰号’火星登陆器在火星上发现了什么？”利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander, vast lakes, flowing rivers,water in a soil sample,living things作为定位线索，在第一段和第二段中找到 相关句：（第一段）NASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes, flowing rivers and a variety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.（第二段） Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample; the lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that identifies va- pors produced by the heating of samples．定位线索词集中出现在第一段和第二段中，因此重 点关注这两个段落。第一段提到“美国国家航空航天局的科学家们称火星曾被巨大的湖泊，流动的河流以及其他潮湿的自然环境所覆盖，而这些都使其有了维持生命的可能”。第二段提到“在美国国家航空航天局的‘凤凰’号火星登陆器的实验室所做的实验中，已经在一份土壤样本中鉴定到水”。结合这两个句子的意思可知美国国家航空航天局“凤凰号”火星登陆器在火星上发现土壤样本中有水，因此答案为C项“土壤样本中有水”。
题干意为“为什么前两次递送样本的尝试失败了？”利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语first two attempts , samples , fresh material , air , scoop , robotic arm , hard rock作为定位线索，在第五段中找到相关句；The soil sample came from a trench approxi mately 2 inches deep.When the robotic arm first reached that depth,it hit a hard layer of fro zen soil.Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop. Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days,letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle．定位线索词集中出现在第五段第三句中，因此首先重点关注这个句子。该句是一个复合句，句中出现了两个从句：when引导的定语从句和when引导的时间状语从句。该句意为“当新鲜的冻土暴露在空气中的时候，机器臂曾经两次尝试对冻土样本进行传送，但是样本同铲子粘在了一起，结果使得这两次尝试都以失败告终”。很明显，句中when引导的时间状语从句when the samples became stuck inside the scoop 陈述了原因。该题主要考查对复杂句子的理解。该题答案为C项“样本同铲子粘在了一起”。
题干意为“下面哪个选项不是作者想要表达的意思？”利用备选项中的细节信息词/短语scientist , ice-rich layers of soil , life supporting material , water ice 作为定位线索，在第六段和第七段中找到相关句：（第六段）“Mars is giving us some surprises,” said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona.“We're excited be-cause surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck,different from what we expected, from all the Mars simulation testing we've done so far.”（第七段）Since landing on May 25,Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab,TEGA,a micro-scope,a conductivity probe and cameras. The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life （与life supporting material呼应）are present．定位线索词在 第六段的第四句和第七段的最后一句中出现了，因此首先重点关注这两个句子。第六段第四句提到“当富冰层被悬挂于甲板上方的太阳底下的时候，它会和铲子粘在一起，这是我们从未预期到的，也不同于我们迄今为止所做过的任何火星模拟试验”。从这个句子可以得出这样的结论：科学家们从未想到过富冰层会和铲子粘在一起，这也说明科学家们对火星上土壤的表现感到吃惊，这与B项“科学家们对火星上土壤的表现感到吃惊”意义一致。第七段最后一句提到“这支科学团队尝试确定火星上的水冰是否曾经大量融化，从而能支持生物存在，同时它还将寻找火星土壤中是否有以碳为基础的有机化合物，这些化合物是形成生命的‘原材料’”。依据这个句子可知科学家们一直要想知道火星上的水冰是否融化（与选项D意义一致），同时还可以得出这样的结论：科学家们想知道火星上是否有形成生命的原材料（这与选项C一致）。A项“科学家们试图打破火星土壤的富冰层”，这是文中没有涉及到的信息，因此 A项属于“无中生有”。所以答案为A.
题干意为“参与研究的科学家们来自什么地方？”利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词scientists , research , America , Canada作为定位线索，结果发现短文的第八段和第九段提到加拿大宇航局的科学家为“凤凰号”的火星探索提供了激光设备。既然这项研究是美国国家航空航天局的科学家们做的，因此研究的参与者必然包括美国科学家，因此答案为C项 “他们来自美国和加拿大”。 -
第4题：
Text 4 In recent weeks media outlets in the U.S.have been fretting over what would ordinarily be considered good news-the roaring American economy,which has brought low unemployment and,in some places,a labour shortage.Owners and managers have complained about their problems in finding people to fill low-wage positions."Nobody wants to do manual labour any more:'as one trade association grandee told The Baltimore Sun,and so the manual labour simply goes undone.Company bosses talk about the things they have done to fix the situation:the ads they've published;the guest-worker visas for which they've applied;how they are going into schools to encourage kids to learn construction skills or to drive trucks.But nothing seems to work.Blame for the labour shortage is sprayed all over the US map:opioids are said to be the problem.And welfare,and inadequate parking spaces,and a fallinp:birthrate.and mass incarceration.and-above all-the Trump administration's immigration policies.But no one really knows for sure.The textbook solution to the labour shortage problem-paying workers more-rarely merits more than a line or two,if it's mentioned at all.So unwilling are business leaders to talk about or consider this obvious answer that Neel Kashkari,the president of the Minneapolis Federal Reserve Bank,scolded them last year:"If you're not raising wages,then it just sounds like whining."If you study the Bureau of Labor Statistics'numbers on wages for nonsupervisory workers over the past few decades,you will notice that wage growth has been strangely slow to pick up.Hot economies usually drive wages up pretty promptly;this recovery has been running since 2009 and it has barely moved the needle.How could such a thing happen in this modern and enlightened age?Well,for starters,think of all that whining we're hearing from the US's management,who will apparently blame anyone and do anything to avoid paying workers more.Every labour-management innovation seems to have been designed with this amazing goal in mind.Every great bipartisan political initiative,from free trade to welfare reform,points the same way.
The author's attitude toward the U.S.'s management is——A.dissatisfied
B.resentful
C.unclear
D.cautious答案：A解析：态度方向题。根据定位词定位到文章最后一段。该段指出，首先，想想我们从美国管理层那里听到的所有抱怨吧，他们显然会把问题归告于别人，并竭尽所能地避免给工人更多的报酬。每一次的劳资管理革新似乎都是带着这样一个惊人的目的而设计的。由此可知，作者是表示不满的，故A项为正确选项。【干扰排除】由以上分析可知，B项“愤怒的”、C项“不明的”和D项“谨慎的”均不能正确表达出作者的态度观点，故均排除。 -
第5题：
Text 1 In an essay entitled“Making It in America”,the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated:The average mill has only two employees today,“a man and a dog.The man is there to feed the dog,and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson's article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middleclass incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution,which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past,workers with average skills,doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle.But，today，average is officially over.Being average just won't earn you what it used to.It can't when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor,cheap robotics,cheap software,cheap automation and cheap genius.Therefore,everyone needs to find their extra—their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes,new technology has been eating jobs forever,and always will.But there's been acceleration.As Davidson notes,“In the 10 years ending in 2009,U.S.factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years;roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs—about 6 million in total—disappeared.”There will always be change—new jobs,new products,new services.But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T.revolution,the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over,there are many things we need to do to support employment,but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to posthigh school education.
Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?A.New Law Takes Effect
B.Technology Goes Cheap
C.Average Is Over
D.Recession Is Bad答案：C解析：主旨题【命题思路】主旨题需要结合文章的结构以及核心话题进行选择。【直击答案】从整个文章的脉络来看，第一段揭示了科技进步给人们带来的影响。第二、三段指出科技的进步引起工厂自动化水平提高，普通员工如果没有竞争力和突出优势，就很容易失去工作，因此也对员工提出了更高的要求。第四段指出员工只有不断地提高自己的教育水平，才能脱颖而出。最后一段点明主题，average is officially over。所以正确答案为C。【干扰排除】A项所提到的新法案实施仅仅是局部细节，非全篇的主要话题；B项则是文章第三段中提出的目前就业市场的一个现状，属于论据；D项文中并未提到，属于无中生有。 -
第6题：
Text 4 In recent weeks media outlets in the U.S.have been fretting over what would ordinarily be considered good news-the roaring American economy,which has brought low unemployment and,in some places,a labour shortage.Owners and managers have complained about their problems in finding people to fill low-wage positions."Nobody wants to do manual labour any more:'as one trade association grandee told The Baltimore Sun,and so the manual labour simply goes undone.Company bosses talk about the things they have done to fix the situation:the ads they've published;the guest-worker visas for which they've applied;how they are going into schools to encourage kids to learn construction skills or to drive trucks.But nothing seems to work.Blame for the labour shortage is sprayed all over the US map:opioids are said to be the problem.And welfare,and inadequate parking spaces,and a fallinp:birthrate.and mass incarceration.and-above all-the Trump administration's immigration policies.But no one really knows for sure.The textbook solution to the labour shortage problem-paying workers more-rarely merits more than a line or two,if it's mentioned at all.So unwilling are business leaders to talk about or consider this obvious answer that Neel Kashkari,the president of the Minneapolis Federal Reserve Bank,scolded them last year:"If you're not raising wages,then it just sounds like whining."If you study the Bureau of Labor Statistics'numbers on wages for nonsupervisory workers over the past few decades,you will notice that wage growth has been strangely slow to pick up.Hot economies usually drive wages up pretty promptly;this recovery has been running since 2009 and it has barely moved the needle.How could such a thing happen in this modern and enlightened age?Well,for starters,think of all that whining we're hearing from the US's management,who will apparently blame anyone and do anything to avoid paying workers more.Every labour-management innovation seems to have been designed with this amazing goal in mind.Every great bipartisan political initiative,from free trade to welfare reform,points the same way.
What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A.Reasons for labour shortage beyond number.
B.Bosses have done all they can do about labour shortage.
C.It is Trump administration's immigration policies to be blame.
D.Reasons for labour shortage proposed by bosses are groundless.答案：D解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章第二段。第一句介绍雇主为增加劳动力所做的努力，第二句中But nothing表明努力并未取得成效，第三、四句说明雇主所认为的劳动力短缺原因，第五句中But暗示原因并没有根据，故D项为正确选项。【干扰排除】第二段末句提到，但没有人真正知道确切的答案，故A、C项错误；原文列举了雇主做出的努力，但并不是全部，故B项错误。 -
第7题：
共用题干
第二篇
Things We Know about TV
We keep reading that TV is bad for you.If this is true,how come the current generation of TV-addicted kids is much smarter than we are?In my home,the only people who can work the remote control are the children.
Perhaps TV does educate you.For example,you learn a useful medical fact:A person who has been shot always has time to speak an incomplete sentence before he dies.“The killer was…” (dies).
But I guess the biggest things we learn from TV can be regarded as"Life Skills".Bad things only happen on dark and stormy nights.Emotional breakdowns cause people to wander in the heavy rain without umbrellas.And contrary to what scientists say,the crack（霹雳）of lightning and the accompanying flash happen at exactly the same time,wherever you are.
Making use of what we learn from TV can improve our security.Consider these truths.If you are ever attacked by 20 bad guys,don't worry about being outnumbered.The criminals will hang back and take turns to approach you in ones and twos just so you can conveniently defeat them all.
TV also teaches us important information about escaping from danger. Watch and learn.If anyone is running after you down a passage,you will find that boxes have been conveniently placed near all the walls you need to jump over. If you are tall and handsome,you can run from any number of armed criminals,and every shot will miss you.
Be warned, however. If your name card says "henchman"（帮凶）and you are part of a group of plain-looking people trying' to catch a handsome individual,a single shot will kill you.
TV even teaches us about TV.Whenever anyone turns on a TV,it shows a news flash about someone they know. They then turn the box off immediately after that news item.By saying"A person who has been shot always has time to speak an incomplete sentence before he dies"(Paragraph 2),the writer shows his_________.
A:humor
B:sympathy
C:deep concern
D:medical knowledge答案：A解析：细节题。第二段第二句：你学到了一个有用的医学事实：被枪击的人总是在他死前有时间说出一句不完整的话。这句话明显是体现了幽默，有着讽刺的意味。B选项 sympathy“同情”、C选项deep concern“非常关心”、D选项medical knowledge“医学知识”都是错误的。
细节题。第三段很多是电视中的情景，根据作者幽默讽刺的语气可知现实生活不一定是这样的。最后一句指出，闪电的霹雳声与相伴的闪其实不是同时发生的。
细节题。最后一段可知：任何时候一个人打开电视，它就会显示一则关于他们知道的人的新闻快讯。
推断题。通篇阅读后可知，作者以幽默、讽刺的手法描写了电视，可以得知，作者对电视持消极的态度。A选项“积极的”、B选项“轻松的”、D选项“漠不关心的”都是错误的。
主旨题。A、B、C都和作者态度相反，只有D选项是正确的，本文大意是电视上演的与现实生活是不同的。 -
第8题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First,we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language.
Second,there is no such thing as a primitive language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive .In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.
This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.
Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense .There are,or were,hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time.Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical teatures change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rap-idly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they are______.
A: just as old as some well-known languages
B: just as sophisticated as some well-known languages
C: more developed than some well-known languages
D: more complex than some well-known languages答案：B解析：作者在第二段中认为，任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。文中的原句是：There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language…
此题的答案来自第三段。
作者列举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。原句是：They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
根据第五段“That is,each one… who speak the language.”可知，B项正确。
词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。文中的原句是：Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. -
第9题：
All that can be done．A.have been done
B.have done
C.has been done
D.has done答案：C解析： -
第10题：
英译中：I’m afraid all printers have been sent out.
正确答案:恐怕我们的打印机都被借走了。 -
第11题：
单选题I have no idea where last Sunday's newspaper is; _____ all probability it has been thrown away.Afor
Bon
Cat
Din
正确答案： D解析：
in all probability很可能。 -
第12题：
单选题As a result of the epidemic of AIDS in Africa, _____.Athe life span for most of the people has been reduced by 40 years
Bmost young people have been infected with human immunodeficiency virus
Cpeople will have to learn to live with the disease for over 50 years
Dthe achievements made in preserving people’s health in the past will be wiped off
正确答案： D解析：
第四段第二句作者提到，到2025年艾滋病将成为非洲年轻人的最大杀手，它可以使一些国家人口的平均寿命降到40岁，仅艾滋病一项就会使过去50年在公共健康方面取得的成就化为乌有。 -
第13题：
We can infer from Paragraph 5 that ______.（ ）
[A] home prices has fallen down 28% compared with what's in mid-2006
[B] many foreclosed homes have been abandoned by their former owners
[C] home prices might fall down 28% fi'om their peak in mid-2006 in the future
[D] more foreclosed homes have been abandoned because of the falling price
正确答案：C
从第五段我们可以得出__________。
[A]房价与2006年年中相比降低了28%
[B]许多取消抵押品赎回权的房屋被房主抛弃了
[C]房价将来可能从2006年年中的高峰下降28%[
D]更多取消抵押品赎回权的房屋因为房价走低被抛弃
答案解析：[C]推理判断题。根据第五段可知，第一，2006年年中的房价是高峰；第二，全国范围的房价已经下降了18%；第三，虽然房价已经降价18%，但是可能会继续下跌10%；第四，房价继续下跌是因为大量持续不断的取消抵押品赎回权的房屋被抛向市场从而压低了房价。[A]把将来要跌的l0%算作现在已经跌的，排除；[B]、[D]把取消抵押品赎回权的房屋抛向市场误解为房主抛弃了这些房屋，排除。所以正确答案是[C]。 -
第14题：
Robert F.Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures“everything except that which makes life worthwhile.”With Britain voting to leave the European Union,and GDP already predicted to slow as a result,it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century.Many argue that it is a flawed concept.It measures things that do not matter and miss things that do.By most recent measures,the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western World,with record low unemployment and high growth figures.If everything was going so so well,then why did over 17million people vote for Brexit,despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question.Across the 163 countries measured,the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvement for its citizens.Rather than just focusing on GDR over 40 different sets of criteria from health,education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.While all of these countries face their own challenges,there are a number of consistent themes.Yes,there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash,but in key indicators in areas such as health and education,major economies have continued to decline.Yet this isn't the case with all countries.Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society;income equality and the environment.This is a lesson that rich countries can learn:When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success,the world looks very different.So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations,as a measure,it is no longer enough.It does not include important factors such as environmental equality or education outcomes-all things that contribute to a person's sense of well-being.The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth.But policymaker who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.
Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?A.It excludes GDP as an indicator.
B.It is sponsored by 163 countries.
C.Its criteria are questionable.
D.Its results are enlightening.答案：D解析：事实细节题。根据题目定位到第三段第一句A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on the question，该句表明，最近年度研究调查了各国家和他们将经济增长转换为幸福感的能力，这对这个问题有所启发。说明研究的结果有利于解决经济增长与幸福感的关系。shed some light on与D选项enlightening是同义替换，因此答案为D -
第15题：
Text 4 In recent weeks media outlets in the U.S.have been fretting over what would ordinarily be considered good news-the roaring American economy,which has brought low unemployment and,in some places,a labour shortage.Owners and managers have complained about their problems in finding people to fill low-wage positions."Nobody wants to do manual labour any more:'as one trade association grandee told The Baltimore Sun,and so the manual labour simply goes undone.Company bosses talk about the things they have done to fix the situation:the ads they've published;the guest-worker visas for which they've applied;how they are going into schools to encourage kids to learn construction skills or to drive trucks.But nothing seems to work.Blame for the labour shortage is sprayed all over the US map:opioids are said to be the problem.And welfare,and inadequate parking spaces,and a fallinp:birthrate.and mass incarceration.and-above all-the Trump administration's immigration policies.But no one really knows for sure.The textbook solution to the labour shortage problem-paying workers more-rarely merits more than a line or two,if it's mentioned at all.So unwilling are business leaders to talk about or consider this obvious answer that Neel Kashkari,the president of the Minneapolis Federal Reserve Bank,scolded them last year:"If you're not raising wages,then it just sounds like whining."If you study the Bureau of Labor Statistics'numbers on wages for nonsupervisory workers over the past few decades,you will notice that wage growth has been strangely slow to pick up.Hot economies usually drive wages up pretty promptly;this recovery has been running since 2009 and it has barely moved the needle.How could such a thing happen in this modern and enlightened age?Well,for starters,think of all that whining we're hearing from the US's management,who will apparently blame anyone and do anything to avoid paying workers more.Every labour-management innovation seems to have been designed with this amazing goal in mind.Every great bipartisan political initiative,from free trade to welfare reform,points the same way.
The phenomenon of slow wage growth is——A.intricate
B.gioomy
C.irrational
D.predictable答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据定位词定位到文章第四段。本段说明工资增长的现状——增速缓慢（strangely slow），strangely表明这一现象不符合常理；第二句先介绍常规现象，usually与strangely形成对比，随后指出存在异常的现状，故c项为正确选项。【干扰排除】由以上分析可知．A项“复杂的”、B项“令人沮丧的”和D项“可预测的”均不符合文义，故均排除。 -
第16题：
Text 4 In recent weeks media outlets in the U.S.have been fretting over what would ordinarily be considered good news-the roaring American economy,which has brought low unemployment and,in some places,a labour shortage.Owners and managers have complained about their problems in finding people to fill low-wage positions."Nobody wants to do manual labour any more:'as one trade association grandee told The Baltimore Sun,and so the manual labour simply goes undone.Company bosses talk about the things they have done to fix the situation:the ads they've published;the guest-worker visas for which they've applied;how they are going into schools to encourage kids to learn construction skills or to drive trucks.But nothing seems to work.Blame for the labour shortage is sprayed all over the US map:opioids are said to be the problem.And welfare,and inadequate parking spaces,and a fallinp:birthrate.and mass incarceration.and-above all-the Trump administration's immigration policies.But no one really knows for sure.The textbook solution to the labour shortage problem-paying workers more-rarely merits more than a line or two,if it's mentioned at all.So unwilling are business leaders to talk about or consider this obvious answer that Neel Kashkari,the president of the Minneapolis Federal Reserve Bank,scolded them last year:"If you're not raising wages,then it just sounds like whining."If you study the Bureau of Labor Statistics'numbers on wages for nonsupervisory workers over the past few decades,you will notice that wage growth has been strangely slow to pick up.Hot economies usually drive wages up pretty promptly;this recovery has been running since 2009 and it has barely moved the needle.How could such a thing happen in this modern and enlightened age?Well,for starters,think of all that whining we're hearing from the US's management,who will apparently blame anyone and do anything to avoid paying workers more.Every labour-management innovation seems to have been designed with this amazing goal in mind.Every great bipartisan political initiative,from free trade to welfare reform,points the same way.
The textbook solution_____A.has been proposed many times
B.is a remedy for labour shortage
C.is completely neglected by business leaders
D.has caused a bank president's dissatisfaction答案：B解析：事实细节题。根据定位词定位到文章第三段。textbook solution用于形容paying workers more这一对策，说明该对策是解决劳动力短缺问题的最佳方式，故B项为正确选项。【干扰排除】第三段第二句借行长所言对雇主展开批判，it回指第二段所列举的种种不满（blame），第三段中的whining（发牢骚；无病呻吟）表明雇主的不满回避了真正的问题所在，C项错误；原文指出该方案即使被提到也只是一两句话带过．A项错误；原文说的是银行行长对雇主的不满．D项张冠李戴，故排除。 -
第17题：
Text 1 In an essay entitled“Making It in America”,the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated:The average mill has only two employees today,“a man and a dog.The man is there to feed the dog,and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson's article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and declining middleclass incomes today is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution,which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worker.In the past,workers with average skills,doing an average job，could earn an average lifestyle.But，today，average is officially over.Being average just won't earn you what it used to.It can't when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor,cheap robotics,cheap software,cheap automation and cheap genius.Therefore,everyone needs to find their extra—their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment.Yes,new technology has been eating jobs forever,and always will.But there's been acceleration.As Davidson notes,“In the 10 years ending in 2009,U.S.factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years;roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs—about 6 million in total—disappeared.”There will always be change—new jobs,new products,new services.But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I.T.revolution,the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officially over,there are many things we need to do to support employment,but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I.Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to posthigh school education.
The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that_____A.gains of technology have been erased
B.job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed
C.factories are making much less money than before
D.new jobs and services have been offered答案：B解析：推理题【命题思路】虽然从形式上来说，本题考查的是对一个句子意思的理解，但实际上这是作者引用Davidson的话来说明他在上文提出的论点，因此这道题的解题关键在于把握引用句子前面的部分。【直击答案】根据题干定位到第四段，首句指出作者提出的观点：新技术不断吞噬工作，而且现在的速度在加快。后面引用的话语是对这个论点的具体说明，选项B中的“job opportunities”与原文的“job”相对应，“are disappearing at a high speed”与原文“has been eating jobs”以及“there's been acceleration”相对应，故为正确答案。【干扰排除】A项和C都是对引号中的局部信息设置的干扰项，均属于张冠李戴。D项是无中生有信息。 -
第18题：
共用题干
第二篇
Things We Know about TV
We keep reading that TV is bad for you.If this is true,how come the current generation of TV-addicted kids is much smarter than we are?In my home,the only people who can work the remote control are the children.
Perhaps TV does educate you.For example,you learn a useful medical fact:A person who has been shot always has time to speak an incomplete sentence before he dies.“The killer was…” (dies).
But I guess the biggest things we learn from TV can be regarded as"Life Skills".Bad things only happen on dark and stormy nights.Emotional breakdowns cause people to wander in the heavy rain without umbrellas.And contrary to what scientists say,the crack（霹雳）of lightning and the accompanying flash happen at exactly the same time,wherever you are.
Making use of what we learn from TV can improve our security.Consider these truths.If you are ever attacked by 20 bad guys,don't worry about being outnumbered.The criminals will hang back and take turns to approach you in ones and twos just so you can conveniently defeat them all.
TV also teaches us important information about escaping from danger. Watch and learn.If anyone is running after you down a passage,you will find that boxes have been conveniently placed near all the walls you need to jump over. If you are tall and handsome,you can run from any number of armed criminals,and every shot will miss you.
Be warned, however. If your name card says "henchman"（帮凶）and you are part of a group of plain-looking people trying' to catch a handsome individual,a single shot will kill you.
TV even teaches us about TV.Whenever anyone turns on a TV,it shows a news flash about someone they know. They then turn the box off immediately after that news item.What's the main idea of this passage?
A:Life skills can be learned from TV.
B:TV plays an important role in society.
C:Watching TV makes people more creative.
D:What happens in TV is very different from reality.答案：D解析：细节题。第二段第二句：你学到了一个有用的医学事实：被枪击的人总是在他死前有时间说出一句不完整的话。这句话明显是体现了幽默，有着讽刺的意味。B选项 sympathy“同情”、C选项deep concern“非常关心”、D选项medical knowledge“医学知识”都是错误的。
细节题。第三段很多是电视中的情景，根据作者幽默讽刺的语气可知现实生活不一定是这样的。最后一句指出，闪电的霹雳声与相伴的闪其实不是同时发生的。
细节题。最后一段可知：任何时候一个人打开电视，它就会显示一则关于他们知道的人的新闻快讯。
推断题。通篇阅读后可知，作者以幽默、讽刺的手法描写了电视，可以得知，作者对电视持消极的态度。A选项“积极的”、B选项“轻松的”、D选项“漠不关心的”都是错误的。
主旨题。A、B、C都和作者态度相反，只有D选项是正确的，本文大意是电视上演的与现实生活是不同的。 -
第19题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First,we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language.
Second,there is no such thing as a primitive language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive .In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.
This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.
Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense .There are,or were,hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time.Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical teatures change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rap-idly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.According to the author,language changes are most likely to occur in______.
A: grammar
B: pronunciation
C: vocabulary
D: intonation答案：C解析：作者在第二段中认为，任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。文中的原句是：There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language…
此题的答案来自第三段。
作者列举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。原句是：They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
根据第五段“That is,each one… who speak the language.”可知，B项正确。
词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。文中的原句是：Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. -
第20题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First,we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language.
Second,there is no such thing as a primitive language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive .In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.
This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.
Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense .There are,or were,hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time.Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical teatures change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rap-idly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.In the second paragraph the passage tells us that______.
A: some backward race doesn't have a language of its own
B: some race in history didn't possess a language of its own
C: any human race,whether backward or not,has a language
D: some races on earth can communicate without language答案：C解析：作者在第二段中认为，任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。文中的原句是：There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language…
此题的答案来自第三段。
作者列举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。原句是：They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
根据第五段“That is,each one… who speak the language.”可知，B项正确。
词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。文中的原句是：Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. -
第21题：
We came finally（）the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time.
Aof
Binto
Cto
Dat
C
略 -
第22题：
So far the construction of the two new bridges over the river （）.
- A、have been completed
- B、has been completed
- C、has completed
- D、have completed
正确答案:B -
第23题：
单选题_____ he’s never been abroad, though his mother is a business woman and travels all over the world.ACurrently
BTerribly
CRemarkably
DExtraordinarily
正确答案： D解析：
remarkably异常地，引人注目地。currently目前。terribly可怕地。extraordinarily格外地，反常地。