People who disagree with women's opinions believe______.A. women can't do what men canB. men can earn money more easily than womenC. men's responsibilities are different from women'sD. men have to work much harder than women

B

Having a husband means an extra seven hours of housework each week for women, according to a new study. For men, getting married saves an hour of housework a week. “It’s a well-known pattern,” said lead researcher Frank Stafford at University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research. “Men usually work more outside the home, while women take on more of the housework.”

He points out that differences among households（家庭）exist. But in general, marriage means more housework for women and less for men. “And the situation gets worse for women when they have children,” Stafford said.

Overall, times are changing in the American home. In 1976, women busied themselves with 26 weekly hours of sweeping-and-dusting work, compared with 17 hours in 2005. Men are taking on more housework, more than doubling their housework hours from six in 1976 to 13 in 2005.

Single women in their 20s and 30s did the least housework, about 12 weekly hours, while married women in their 60s and 70s did the most-about 21 hours a week.

Men showed a somewhat different pattern, with older men picking up the broom more often than younger men. Single men worked the hardest around the house, more than that of all other age groups of married men.

Having children increases housework even further. With more than three children, for example, wives took on more of the extra work, clocking about 28 hours a week compared with husbands’10 hours.

45. According to the “well-known pattern” in Paragraph 1, a married man___________.

A. takes on heavier work B. does more housework

C. is the main breadwinner D. is the master of the house

Passage Four

Equal pay for equal work is a phrase used by the American women who feel that they are looked down upon by the society. They say it is not right for women to be paid less than men for the same work.

People who hold the opposite opinion(mainly men)have an answer to this. They say that men have more responsibility than women; a married man is expected to earn money to support his family and to make important decisions, and therefore it is right for men to be paid more. There are some people who hold even stronger opinion than this and are against married women working at all. When wives go out to work, they say, the home and children are given no attention to. If women are encouraged by equal pay to take full-time job, they will be unable to do the things they are supposed to. Women are best at making a comfortable home and bringing up children. They will have to give up their present position in society.

"This is exactly what they want to give up, "the women who disagree say. "They want to escape from the limited place which society expects them to fill, and to have freedom to choose between a job and home life, or a mixture of the two. Women have the right of equal pay and equal opportunities."

These women have expressed their opinions forcefully by using the famous saying, "All men are created equal." They point out that the meaning of this sentence is "all human beings are created equal."

48. The women use the phrase "equal pay for equal work" to demand that______.

A. women's work shouldn't be harder than men's

B. men should be paid less than women

C. people doing harder work should earn more

D. men and women should be paid the same amount of money for the same work

Which of the following statements is true according to the article?

A． Men do better than women when it comes to learning English．

B．Women stand out at remembering people's names．

C． Men excel at typing as many words in a particular category as possible in the giventime．

D． Women excel at dealing mathematic problems．

What does the author want to tell us most?

A. Women' s brains are better organized for language and communication

B. Women love to talk because they are more sociable than men.

C. Men do not like talking because they rely more on facts.

D. Social conditioning is not the reason why women love talking.

C

It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers （生产商）follow certain uniform. standards for various features（特征）of clothes. What seems strange , however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clothes button. Men’s clothes tend to button from the right, and women’s form. the left. Considering most of the word’s population-men and women-are right-handed, the men’s standard would appear to make more sense for women. So why do women’s clothes button from the left?

History really seems to matter here. Button first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the

17th century, when rich women were dressed by servants. For the mostly right-handed servants, having women’s shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hang, having men’s shirts button form. the right made sense, too. Most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hang would be less likely to get caught in the shirt.

Today women are seldom dressed by servants, but buttoning form. the left is still the standard for them. Is it interesting? Actually, a standard , once set, resists change. At a time when all women’s shirts buttoned form. the left, it would have been risky for any single manufacture to offer women’s shirts that buttoned the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have to develop new habits and skills to switch. Besides from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing men’s shirts.

64. What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?

A. It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.

B. It is different for men’s clothing and women’s.

C. It woks better with men than with women.

D. It fails to consider right-handed people.

Passage Four

Women earn less than men do. For example, in 1998 the hourly wages of women in the U. S. were 26% less than those of men.

The gap between male and female incomes varies with age. The gap between the labor incomes of young women and young men

varies. It's also clear that jobs in which women are concentrated pay less. The larger the number of workers who are women in ran

industry, the lower the average wages.

Why do women earn less than men do? Can the differences be explained by the fact that women are looked

down upon? If so, the government has to intervene(干预), to force the employers to pay equal wages to equal jobs. However, there is no agreement among economists about the causes of

the gap. One view argues that women, on the average, have chosen low-paying jobs in which workers enjoy the freedom of entering and leaving the labor force, which reduces their years of experience relative

to men. Other people say the gap can also be explained by the difference in educational background.

Much of the gap, however, has not been fully explained. It might be the result of some prejudice (偏见) against women. It is this part that has produced calls for government action. What would happen if the government did intervene to

increase the wages paid to women? One possibility is that incomes for women as a group might actually decline (下降). An increase in wage decreases the quantity of labor imput demanded, resulting in decreased employment as the rate of hiring new

workers declines. The result will be a surplus 过剩) of labor. Those who can find jobs might be better off while those who had jobs

might find themselves out of work.

48. Some economists believe women earn less than men partly because______.

A. there are more than enough women in the labor force

B. women have more freedom in selecting jobs

C. women are only provided with low-paid jobs

D. women are less experienced than men

根据下面，回答45 ~48 题：B

Having a husband means an extra seven hours of housework each week for women, according to a new study. For men, getting married saves an hour of housework a week. “It’s a well-known pattern,” said lead researcher Frank Stafford at University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research. “Men usually work more outside the home, while women take on more of the housework.”

He points out that differences among households（家庭）exist. But in general, marriage means more housework for women and less for men. “And the situation gets worse for women when they have children,” Stafford said．

Overall, times are changing in the American home. In 1976, women busied themselves with 26 weekly hours of sweeping-and-dusting work, compared with 17 hours in 2005. Men are taking on more housework, more than doubling their housework hours from six in 1976 to 13 in 2005.

Single women in their 20s and 30s did the least housework, about 12 weekly hours, while married women in their 60s and 70s did the most-about 21 hours a week.

Men showed a somewhat different pattern, with older men picking up the broom more often than younger men. Single men worked the hardest around the house, more than that of all other age groups of married men.

Having children increases housework even further. With more than three children, for example, wives took on more of the extra work, clocking about 28 hours a week compared with husbands’10 hours.

第5题：According to the “well-known pattern” in Paragraph 1, a married man___________.

A．takes on heavier work

B．does more housework

C．is the main breadwinner

D．is the master of the house

Dr. Singer thinks men are more suitable to maintain justice and issue punishment than women because _______ .

A. men's brain's empathy centers remained dull when punishment was executed

B. women's pleasure centers were lit up with punishment implemented

C. men have no response when seeing punishment executed

D. men had different experiences from women

C It is have xxxxxx that clothing manufacturcrs(生产商)follow certa a untharm standards far yarious featurce(特征)of clothes. What seerns strange, however. Is that the xxxxxx adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clodns buntm. Men’s clothes tend to button from the right, and women’s form. the left. Lonsidering most of the world’s popalation—men and women—are right-handnd, the men’s standard would apper inake more sense for women. Xxxxx why do women’s clethes bution from the left? Histov mally coms to matter here. Buttons finst appcaned only on the lothes or the rich in the 17th camary. When rich women were dressed by servents. For the mostly right-hand-d servants, having women’s shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hand, having men’s shirt button from the right made secse.too. Most men dressed themselves, and a swont drawn from the lelt with the right hand would be lese likely to get catght in the sairt. Tady women are seldom dressed by scryants. Hat tuaoning from the lefts still the standard for them. Is it intcesting? Actually, a standoont, once set, resists change. At a time when all women’s shirts buttoned from the left, it would have been risky for any sigle manufactura is offer women’s shirts that battoned from the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts whirt unored from the left and would have to devclop new habits and skills to switch. Benides, come women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who rociced that would believe they were wearing men’s shirts.

第64题：What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?

A.It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.

B.It is different for men’s clothing and women’s.

C.It works better with men than with women.

D.It fails to consider right-handed people.