问答题Passage 2 A land free from destruction, wealth, natural resources, and labor supply--all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the
题目
问答题
Passage 2 A land free from destruction, wealth, natural resources, and labor supply--all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special", was men-- creative individuals who could invent machines, find new sources of power, and 4 business organizations to reshape the society. The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution 5 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 6 inventors than scientists. A man who is a pure scientist is primarily interested in doing his research accurately. He is not necessarily working 7 that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something 8 has a concrete use. He tries to solve a problem by following the theories of science or by experimenting 9 trial and error. Regardless 10 his method, he is working to obtain a specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives. Most of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were 11 . A 12 were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training 13 science might have made their inventions, 14 a groundwork had been laid by scientists years 15 .
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参考答案和解析
正确答案：
1. factors 根据句意,没有破坏的土地、财富、自然资源和劳动力都是英国成为工业革命中心的重要因素。因此填入factors。
2. But 通过后面的not enough可知,空格处应该填入表示转折的But。注意首字母大写。
3. else 文章一开始就提到一系列因素,接着说这些因素还不够,由此可知,此处填入else,修饰something表示其他事物。
4. establish/found/start 空格部分需填入动词与business organizations搭配。
5. came/were 句意:工业革命中发明各种机器的人有着各种背景,从事各种职业。come from/ be from来自。注意此处需使用过去时态。
6. more more...than...后跟形容词、副词、动词、名词等,且more后部分和than后部分词类相同,表示“与其说……不如说、是……不是、是……更是、有……无……”等。
7. so so that表示结果。这里指科学家的工作不一定是要让他的发现能够被使用。
8. that 空格部分填入that引导定语从句修饰不定代词something。
9. through trial and error反复试验;不断摸索。这里填入through,意思为“通过,凭借”。
10. of regardless of不顾,不管。
11. inventors 通过上文介绍可知,发明家更倾向于发明实用的东西,而科学家的研究不一定能够被使用。因此该句应该填入inventors。
12. few 此处填入few。a few“一些”,与上一句中的most of the people形成对比。
13. in training in sth.关于……的培训。
14. because 逗号后面的句子为前面的句子的原因,因此填入because。
15. before 句意:甚至那些很少甚至没有接受科学培训的人也可能会发明东西,因为科学家数年前就已经奠定好了基础。years before数年前。
2. But 通过后面的not enough可知,空格处应该填入表示转折的But。注意首字母大写。
3. else 文章一开始就提到一系列因素,接着说这些因素还不够,由此可知,此处填入else,修饰something表示其他事物。
4. establish/found/start 空格部分需填入动词与business organizations搭配。
5. came/were 句意:工业革命中发明各种机器的人有着各种背景,从事各种职业。come from/ be from来自。注意此处需使用过去时态。
6. more more...than...后跟形容词、副词、动词、名词等,且more后部分和than后部分词类相同,表示“与其说……不如说、是……不是、是……更是、有……无……”等。
7. so so that表示结果。这里指科学家的工作不一定是要让他的发现能够被使用。
8. that 空格部分填入that引导定语从句修饰不定代词something。
9. through trial and error反复试验;不断摸索。这里填入through,意思为“通过,凭借”。
10. of regardless of不顾,不管。
11. inventors 通过上文介绍可知,发明家更倾向于发明实用的东西,而科学家的研究不一定能够被使用。因此该句应该填入inventors。
12. few 此处填入few。a few“一些”,与上一句中的most of the people形成对比。
13. in training in sth.关于……的培训。
14. because 逗号后面的句子为前面的句子的原因,因此填入because。
15. before 句意:甚至那些很少甚至没有接受科学培训的人也可能会发明东西,因为科学家数年前就已经奠定好了基础。years before数年前。
解析：
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更多“问答题Passage 2 A land free from destruction, wealth, natural resources, and labor supply--all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the in”相关问题
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第1题：
Passage One
In the late 1860's, industry in America grew rapidly. More factories meant more jobs. But working conditions were dangerous. Employees were forced to work as many as 16 hours a day in hot, dirty rooms. Children often worked alongside adults. Wages were usually very low.
Workers tried to improve conditions by forming unions. One of the first important unions was the Knights of Labor, formed in 1869. Blacks and women were welcomed as members. The Knights of Labor wanted an 8-hour workday, higher wages, and better working conditions. The union called for an end to the employment of children under age 14.
Together with other unions, the Knights of Labor tried to make changes through collective bargaining. Union leaders would meet with employers and talk. When collective bargaining failed, the unions resorted to strikes. When some strikes that the unions held turned violent, public opinion turned against them. Many members left the Knights of Labor, and by 1890 the union had died out.
But other unions survived. The AF of L, American Federation of Labor, was formed in 1881. It continued to push for the goals set by the Knights of Labor. However, most federal laws protecting workers and outlawing child labor were not passed until the 1930's.
31. According to the passage, the Knights of Labor wanted all of the following EXCEPT ______.
A. an 8-hour workday
B. higher wages
C. improving working conditions in the factories
D. an increase in the employment of small children
正确答案：D
本题属细节信息考查题。首先应抓住问题中的关键词，Knight of Labour wanted．．．EXCEPT。其中EXCEPT最为关键，忽略了它便会得出完全相反的答案。然后还需了解各选项中的关键信息。从第2段中不难发现A、B、C各项内容含在第3句里面。第4句called for an end to the．．．却与D项信息相反，因此D项属EXCEPT之列。
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第2题：
The topic of the passage is that __.
A.the control of population is essential to the development of a nation
B.natural resources are important to the economic development of a country
C.awareness of the effects of man's actions is as important as population control
D. developed countries should do more to protect natural environment on the earth
正确答案：C
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第3题：
Passage Two
The earliest immigrants to North America found Indians already living there. The Indians numbered about 500,000 at that time. Their society was a primitive society, but they lived peacefully and welcomed the white strangers to the land. However, these early immigrants from Europe didn't want to share the land with the natives. They killed off many of the Indians, seized their land or pushed them off to lands farther away. Today the Indians, not more than halfa million, live in poverty and misery on the land on which they were once masters.
The earliest immigrants were the Spanish, who settled in the southern part of what is now the US The next large group were the English, after the English came the French, Dutch, Irish, Germans, and other nationality groups, mostly European.
Another early group to arrive were the Negroes. But they were brought in as slaves from Africa. They didn't win freedom till generations later.
40. Who were the earliest people living in North America?
A. The Spanish.
B. The English.
C. The Negroes.
D. The Indians.
正确答案：D
参见本文第一句。 -
第4题：
The earliest immigrants to North America found Indians already living there．The Indians numbered about 500,000 at that time．Their society was a primitive society,but they lived peacefully and welcomed the white strangers to the land．However,these early immigrants from Europe didn't want to share the land with the natives．They killed off many of the Indians,seized their land or pushed them off to lands farther away．Today the Indians,not more than half a million,live in poverty and misery on the land on which they were once masters.
The earliest immigrants were the Spanish,who settled in the southern part of what is now the US．The next large group were the English,after the English came the French,Dutch,Irish,Germans,and other nationality groups,mostly European.
Another early group to arrive were the Negroes．But they were brought in as slaves from Africa．They didn't win freedom till generations later.
Which is the best title of this passage?A.The Earliest People in North Americ
B.The Earliest Immigrants to North Americ
C.The People of the United State
D.Europeans were the Earliest People Coming to the North Americ答案：B解析：文章主要讲的是到北美的移民，所以选B。 -
第5题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.
2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.
4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.In the l960s,dirty gases from cars made shopping_______.
A:pedestrians
B:North America
C:customers
D:a bad experience
E:Middle Eastern countries
F:furniture sellers答案：D解析：文章第一段第一句是主题句，意为：步行购物区的概念由来已久。B项A。 idea from ancient history（来自古代的想法）与主题句意思相符，故选B。
文章第二段主要讲，随着人口和车辆的增加，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。很多人认为是时候试行无车辆街道了，而步行购物区便是最好的开始。A项A Need for Change（需要改变）符合本段主题，故选A。
文章第三段第一句是主题句，意为：一开始，（步行购物区）受到来自店主的阻力。D项Facing Protest from Shop Owners（面临店主的抗议）与主题句意思相符，故选D。
文章第四段主要讲研究发现步行购物区在一些欧洲国家呈现出了意想不到的统计数据。很多城市的消费者数量和销售额都有提高。这让美国明尼阿波利斯市备受鼓舞，他们还主动出钱建设和维护自己的步行购物街。E项Increase in Sales and Customers(销售额和顾客的增加）符合本段主题，故选E。
题干意为“步行购物街首先在中东国家发展起来。”文章第一段前两句指出，步行购物区的概念由来已久，在中世纪，中东一些国家建成步行购物区，让人们在舒适，更重要的是安全的环境下购物。E项Middle Eastern countries（中东国家）与原句意思相符，故选E。
题干意为“在20世纪60年代，汽车排放的肮脏的尾气使购物变成了不好的体验。”文章第二段第二句指出，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。D项a bad experience（一种不好的体验）与原句意思相符，故选D。
题干意为“店主错误地认为没有车辆的街道会让顾客远离。”文章第三段最后一句指出，在欧洲，当第一批街道禁止车辆进入时甚至引起了喧闹的游行示威，因为很多店主预测他们会失去顾客。C项customers（顾客）与原句意思相符，故选C。
题干意为“步行购物街的到来使很多家具商丢掉生意。”文章最后一段第二句指出，不幸的是，这对每个人来说并不都是好消息，因为很多卖家具和大型电器的店铺确实看到了销售额的下降。F项furniture sellers（家具商）与原句意思相符，故此选F。 -
第6题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.
2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.
4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 4______
A:A Need For Change
B:An Idea from Ancient History
C:Popularity of Online Shopping
D:Facing Protest from Shop Owners
E:Increase in Sales and Customers
F:An Experiment that Went Wrong答案：E解析：文章第一段第一句是主题句，意为：步行购物区的概念由来已久。B项A。 idea from ancient history（来自古代的想法）与主题句意思相符，故选B。
文章第二段主要讲，随着人口和车辆的增加，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。很多人认为是时候试行无车辆街道了，而步行购物区便是最好的开始。A项A Need for Change（需要改变）符合本段主题，故选A。
文章第三段第一句是主题句，意为：一开始，（步行购物区）受到来自店主的阻力。D项Facing Protest from Shop Owners（面临店主的抗议）与主题句意思相符，故选D。
文章第四段主要讲研究发现步行购物区在一些欧洲国家呈现出了意想不到的统计数据。很多城市的消费者数量和销售额都有提高。这让美国明尼阿波利斯市备受鼓舞，他们还主动出钱建设和维护自己的步行购物街。E项Increase in Sales and Customers(销售额和顾客的增加）符合本段主题，故选E。
题干意为“步行购物街首先在中东国家发展起来。”文章第一段前两句指出，步行购物区的概念由来已久，在中世纪，中东一些国家建成步行购物区，让人们在舒适，更重要的是安全的环境下购物。E项Middle Eastern countries（中东国家）与原句意思相符，故选E。
题干意为“在20世纪60年代，汽车排放的肮脏的尾气使购物变成了不好的体验。”文章第二段第二句指出，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。D项a bad experience（一种不好的体验）与原句意思相符，故选D。
题干意为“店主错误地认为没有车辆的街道会让顾客远离。”文章第三段最后一句指出，在欧洲，当第一批街道禁止车辆进入时甚至引起了喧闹的游行示威，因为很多店主预测他们会失去顾客。C项customers（顾客）与原句意思相符，故选C。
题干意为“步行购物街的到来使很多家具商丢掉生意。”文章最后一段第二句指出，不幸的是，这对每个人来说并不都是好消息，因为很多卖家具和大型电器的店铺确实看到了销售额的下降。F项furniture sellers（家具商）与原句意思相符，故此选F。 -
第7题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.
2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.
4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 1______
A:A Need For Change
B:An Idea from Ancient History
C:Popularity of Online Shopping
D:Facing Protest from Shop Owners
E:Increase in Sales and Customers
F:An Experiment that Went Wrong答案：B解析：文章第一段第一句是主题句，意为：步行购物区的概念由来已久。B项A。 idea from ancient history（来自古代的想法）与主题句意思相符，故选B。
文章第二段主要讲，随着人口和车辆的增加，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。很多人认为是时候试行无车辆街道了，而步行购物区便是最好的开始。A项A Need for Change（需要改变）符合本段主题，故选A。
文章第三段第一句是主题句，意为：一开始，（步行购物区）受到来自店主的阻力。D项Facing Protest from Shop Owners（面临店主的抗议）与主题句意思相符，故选D。
文章第四段主要讲研究发现步行购物区在一些欧洲国家呈现出了意想不到的统计数据。很多城市的消费者数量和销售额都有提高。这让美国明尼阿波利斯市备受鼓舞，他们还主动出钱建设和维护自己的步行购物街。E项Increase in Sales and Customers(销售额和顾客的增加）符合本段主题，故选E。
题干意为“步行购物街首先在中东国家发展起来。”文章第一段前两句指出，步行购物区的概念由来已久，在中世纪，中东一些国家建成步行购物区，让人们在舒适，更重要的是安全的环境下购物。E项Middle Eastern countries（中东国家）与原句意思相符，故选E。
题干意为“在20世纪60年代，汽车排放的肮脏的尾气使购物变成了不好的体验。”文章第二段第二句指出，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。D项a bad experience（一种不好的体验）与原句意思相符，故选D。
题干意为“店主错误地认为没有车辆的街道会让顾客远离。”文章第三段最后一句指出，在欧洲，当第一批街道禁止车辆进入时甚至引起了喧闹的游行示威，因为很多店主预测他们会失去顾客。C项customers（顾客）与原句意思相符，故选C。
题干意为“步行购物街的到来使很多家具商丢掉生意。”文章最后一段第二句指出，不幸的是，这对每个人来说并不都是好消息，因为很多卖家具和大型电器的店铺确实看到了销售额的下降。F项furniture sellers（家具商）与原句意思相符，故此选F。 -
第8题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-
free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop iii comfort and,more im-
portantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day
to allow for the free movement of pedestrians（行人）,and was only allowed inl at night when shops and mar-
kets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with
horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorised vehicles.
2 The modern,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the l960s,when both city popula-
tions and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved,in crossing the road
were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right
for experimenting with car-free streets,and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for
business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When
the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as many shopkeepers
predicted they would.lose customers.
4 However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.
In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent.On Copenhagen's
main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,
the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and
maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like
clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it isn't good news for everyone,as shops
selling furniture and larger electrical appliances,etc.actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced
to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 1________
A:Facing Protest From Shop Owners
B:An Experoment That Went Wrong
C:Increase in Sales and Customers
D:Popularity of Online Shopping
E:A Need for Change
F:An Ides From Ancient Histoy答案：F解析：由文章第一段前两句话可知，关于步行街（traffic-free shopping areas）这一购物场所的观中“…… pageants that included music, poetry, and dance.”可知pageants包括音乐，诗歌和舞蹈表 演。故选D。念可以追溯到很早以前。在中世纪时期，为了让人们在舒适并且更加安全的场所购物，中东地区就出现了这样的步行街。故选F。
文章第二段主要讲述了由于城市人口增加和私家汽车增多造成购物成了不愉快且危险的经历，此时步行街就应运而生。
文章第三段的主题句是第一句话，"Atfirst,therewasresistancefromshopkeepers.”故选A。
文章第四段主要讲述了步行街的出现使顾客增加也为商户带来了利润，故选C。
由文章第一段第二句话中“DuringtheMiddleAges,traffic-freeshoppingareaswerebuiltinMiddleEasterncountries..."，可知选C。
由文章第二段第二句话中“Dirtygasesfromcars...makeshoppinganunpleasantexperience.”可知选B。
由文章第三段最后一句话中“manyshopkeeperspredictedtheywouldlosecustomers.”可知选D。
由文章第五段第二句话“itisn'tgoodnewsforeveryone,asshopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliances,etc.actuallysawtheirsalesdrop.”可知选A。 -
第9题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-
free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop iii comfort and,more im-
portantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day
to allow for the free movement of pedestrians（行人）,and was only allowed inl at night when shops and mar-
kets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with
horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorised vehicles.
2 The modern,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the l960s,when both city popula-
tions and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved,in crossing the road
were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right
for experimenting with car-free streets,and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for
business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When
the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as many shopkeepers
predicted they would.lose customers.
4 However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.
In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent.On Copenhagen's
main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,
the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and
maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like
clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it isn't good news for everyone,as shops
selling furniture and larger electrical appliances,etc.actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced
to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 3__________
A:Facing Protest From Shop Owners
B:An Experoment That Went Wrong
C:Increase in Sales and Customers
D:Popularity of Online Shopping
E:A Need for Change
F:An Ides From Ancient Histoy答案：A解析：由文章第一段前两句话可知，关于步行街（traffic-free shopping areas）这一购物场所的观中“…… pageants that included music, poetry, and dance.”可知pageants包括音乐，诗歌和舞蹈表 演。故选D。念可以追溯到很早以前。在中世纪时期，为了让人们在舒适并且更加安全的场所购物，中东地区就出现了这样的步行街。故选F。
文章第二段主要讲述了由于城市人口增加和私家汽车增多造成购物成了不愉快且危险的经历，此时步行街就应运而生。
文章第三段的主题句是第一句话，"Atfirst,therewasresistancefromshopkeepers.”故选A。
文章第四段主要讲述了步行街的出现使顾客增加也为商户带来了利润，故选C。
由文章第一段第二句话中“DuringtheMiddleAges,traffic-freeshoppingareaswerebuiltinMiddleEasterncountries..."，可知选C。
由文章第二段第二句话中“Dirtygasesfromcars...makeshoppinganunpleasantexperience.”可知选B。
由文章第三段最后一句话中“manyshopkeeperspredictedtheywouldlosecustomers.”可知选D。
由文章第五段第二句话“itisn'tgoodnewsforeveryone,asshopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliances,etc.actuallysawtheirsalesdrop.”可知选A。 -
第10题：
In any country, the "standard ofliving" means the average person′s share of the goods and services whichthe country produces. Therefore, a country′s standard of living depends firstand foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in thissense is not money, but "goods" such as food and clothing, and"services" such as transport and entertainment.
The capacity to produce wealth depends uponmany factors, most of which have an effect on one another. To a great extent,wealth depends upon a country′s natural resources, such as coal, gold, andother minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are wellsupplied with coal and minerals, and some are not.
Next to natural resources comes the abilityto turn them to use. Some countries are perhaps well off in natural resources,but unable to develop their resources. They suffered for many years from civiland external wars. Peaceful political and stable conditions enable a country todevelop its natural resources effectively, and to produce more wealth thananother country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Anotherimportant factor is the technical efficiency of a country′s people.Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers andtechnicians produce wealth more than countries whose workers are largelyunskilled.
A country′s standard of living does notonly depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its ownborders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade.
For instance, Britain′s wealth isfoodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had todepend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplusmanufacture goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products. In thisaspect, a country′s wealth is much influenced by its manufacturing capacity,provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.
According to the passage, besides thecapacity of wealth production, ______play an equally important role indetermining a country′s standard of living.A.farm products
B.industrial goods
C.foodstuffs
D.export and import答案：D解析：细节题。第四段第一句指出“A country’s standard of living does not only depend upon… but also upon what is indirectly produced through internationaltrade．”可知国际贸易也很重要．D选项中的进出口跟文中意思一致，故选D。 -
第11题：
单选题Which of the following can be concluded from the passage?AThere were no cultural activities on campus before the period of growth mentioned in the passage.
BThe opening of the John F. Kennedy Center was unwelcome.
CIt was through the influence of universities that many cities tried to revive their cultural institutions in the inner city areas.
DGovernment’s aid and private donations to universities were reduced because of their political involvement.
正确答案： D解析：
推理题。文章第三段提到“Both privately and publicly supported cultural institutions have become increasingly involved...placed a strain on the financing of higher education that curtailed the growth or sometimes even threatened the survival of many cultural program”，即“政府或者私人赞助的文化机构开始卷入社会问题，尽管大学的文艺活动并不直接受政治争议和骚乱影响，但是因此而引起的政府和个人资助的减少削弱了甚至威胁到了大学文化艺术活动的生存”，D项正确。 -
第12题：
单选题It can be inferred from the passage that the Puritans were _____.Auneducated
Bhardworking
Cgenerous
Dwealthy
正确答案： B解析： -
第13题：
Modern zoos are very different from zoos that were built fifty years ago.At that time, zoos were places (1) people could go to see animals from many parts of the world.They animals lived in cages that were made (2) Concrete with iron bars, cages that were easy to keep clean.
Unfortunately for the animals, the cages were small and impossible to hide in.the zoos environment was anything (3) natural.Al though the zoo keepers took good care of the animals and fed them well, many of the animals did not thrive: they behaved in strange ways, and they often became ill
In modern zoos, people can see animals in more natural habitats.The animals are(4)more freedom in large areas so that they can live more comfortably as they would in nature Even the appearance of zoos has changed, trees and grass grow in the cages, and streams of water flow (5) the areas that animals live in.(完型填空)
A.Of
B.But
C.Where
D.Over
E.Given
参考答案：CABED
-
第14题：
It can be inferred from the passage that early historians of women’s labor in the United States paid little attention to women’s employment in the service sector of the economy because________．
A．fewer women found employment in the service sector than in factory work
B．the wages paid to workers in the service sector were much lower than those paid in the industrial sector
C．women’s employment in the service sector tended to be much more short—term than in factory work
D．employment in the service sector seemed to have much in common with the unpaid work associated with homemaking
正确答案：D
本题和上题的根据同出一处，根据上题答案，选项D正确，服务行业之所以所以少受早期历史学家关注，是因为它看上去和妇女无报酬的家务劳动太相像。 -
第15题：
共用题干
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor, Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征 收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life, they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.
After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.It can be inferred from the passage that lighthouses in the Northeast did NOT need high towers because______.
A: ships there had high masts
B: coastal waters were safe
C: the coast was straight and unobstructed
D: the lighthouses were built on high places答案：D解析：本文从最早美国灯塔的雏形，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作生活。文章所提到的要点都是围绕着美国早期灯塔。选项B、D文中均有涉及，但并非重点。A项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句“The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor”提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话“Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.”文中说，由于大多数位于东北地区的灯塔建在岩石高地上，所以，一般灯塔都不需要建得很高很大。所以，正确答案是D。
考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段第八句话，“…like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the coun-try.”我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州Hatteras角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。根据原文第二段第七、八句话“Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys，…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.”可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达海岸（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland)和佛罗里达（the Florida Keys）海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项A rocky eminences指的是美国东北海岸，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确条案是C。 -
第16题：
The earliest immigrants to North America found Indians already living there．The Indians numbered about 500,000 at that time．Their society was a primitive society,but they lived peacefully and welcomed the white strangers to the land．However,these early immigrants from Europe didn't want to share the land with the natives．They killed off many of the Indians,seized their land or pushed them off to lands farther away．Today the Indians,not more than half a million,live in poverty and misery on the land on which they were once masters.
The earliest immigrants were the Spanish,who settled in the southern part of what is now the US．The next large group were the English,after the English came the French,Dutch,Irish,Germans,and other nationality groups,mostly European.
Another early group to arrive were the Negroes．But they were brought in as slaves from Africa．They didn't win freedom till generations later.
According to this passage,which of the following is true?A.The Negroes came to North America in order to work for the earliest immigrant
B.The Negroes also belonged to the earliest immigrants to the North Americ
C.The Negroes were brought to America by chanc
D.The Negroes didn't win freedom until no答案：B解析：参见最后一段。 -
第17题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.
2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.
4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.The arrival of the traffic-free shopping street made many lose their business______.
A:pedestrians
B:North America
C:customers
D:a bad experience
E:Middle Eastern countries
F:furniture sellers答案：F解析：文章第一段第一句是主题句，意为：步行购物区的概念由来已久。B项A。 idea from ancient history（来自古代的想法）与主题句意思相符，故选B。
文章第二段主要讲，随着人口和车辆的增加，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。很多人认为是时候试行无车辆街道了，而步行购物区便是最好的开始。A项A Need for Change（需要改变）符合本段主题，故选A。
文章第三段第一句是主题句，意为：一开始，（步行购物区）受到来自店主的阻力。D项Facing Protest from Shop Owners（面临店主的抗议）与主题句意思相符，故选D。
文章第四段主要讲研究发现步行购物区在一些欧洲国家呈现出了意想不到的统计数据。很多城市的消费者数量和销售额都有提高。这让美国明尼阿波利斯市备受鼓舞，他们还主动出钱建设和维护自己的步行购物街。E项Increase in Sales and Customers(销售额和顾客的增加）符合本段主题，故选E。
题干意为“步行购物街首先在中东国家发展起来。”文章第一段前两句指出，步行购物区的概念由来已久，在中世纪，中东一些国家建成步行购物区，让人们在舒适，更重要的是安全的环境下购物。E项Middle Eastern countries（中东国家）与原句意思相符，故选E。
题干意为“在20世纪60年代，汽车排放的肮脏的尾气使购物变成了不好的体验。”文章第二段第二句指出，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。D项a bad experience（一种不好的体验）与原句意思相符，故选D。
题干意为“店主错误地认为没有车辆的街道会让顾客远离。”文章第三段最后一句指出，在欧洲，当第一批街道禁止车辆进入时甚至引起了喧闹的游行示威，因为很多店主预测他们会失去顾客。C项customers（顾客）与原句意思相符，故选C。
题干意为“步行购物街的到来使很多家具商丢掉生意。”文章最后一段第二句指出，不幸的是，这对每个人来说并不都是好消息，因为很多卖家具和大型电器的店铺确实看到了销售额的下降。F项furniture sellers（家具商）与原句意思相符，故此选F。 -
第18题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.
2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.
4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 2______
A:A Need For Change
B:An Idea from Ancient History
C:Popularity of Online Shopping
D:Facing Protest from Shop Owners
E:Increase in Sales and Customers
F:An Experiment that Went Wrong答案：A解析：文章第一段第一句是主题句，意为：步行购物区的概念由来已久。B项A。 idea from ancient history（来自古代的想法）与主题句意思相符，故选B。
文章第二段主要讲，随着人口和车辆的增加，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。很多人认为是时候试行无车辆街道了，而步行购物区便是最好的开始。A项A Need for Change（需要改变）符合本段主题，故选A。
文章第三段第一句是主题句，意为：一开始，（步行购物区）受到来自店主的阻力。D项Facing Protest from Shop Owners（面临店主的抗议）与主题句意思相符，故选D。
文章第四段主要讲研究发现步行购物区在一些欧洲国家呈现出了意想不到的统计数据。很多城市的消费者数量和销售额都有提高。这让美国明尼阿波利斯市备受鼓舞，他们还主动出钱建设和维护自己的步行购物街。E项Increase in Sales and Customers(销售额和顾客的增加）符合本段主题，故选E。
题干意为“步行购物街首先在中东国家发展起来。”文章第一段前两句指出，步行购物区的概念由来已久，在中世纪，中东一些国家建成步行购物区，让人们在舒适，更重要的是安全的环境下购物。E项Middle Eastern countries（中东国家）与原句意思相符，故选E。
题干意为“在20世纪60年代，汽车排放的肮脏的尾气使购物变成了不好的体验。”文章第二段第二句指出，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。D项a bad experience（一种不好的体验）与原句意思相符，故选D。
题干意为“店主错误地认为没有车辆的街道会让顾客远离。”文章第三段最后一句指出，在欧洲，当第一批街道禁止车辆进入时甚至引起了喧闹的游行示威，因为很多店主预测他们会失去顾客。C项customers（顾客）与原句意思相符，故选C。
题干意为“步行购物街的到来使很多家具商丢掉生意。”文章最后一段第二句指出，不幸的是，这对每个人来说并不都是好消息，因为很多卖家具和大型电器的店铺确实看到了销售额的下降。F项furniture sellers（家具商）与原句意思相符，故此选F。 -
第19题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.
2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.
4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 3______
A:A Need For Change
B:An Idea from Ancient History
C:Popularity of Online Shopping
D:Facing Protest from Shop Owners
E:Increase in Sales and Customers
F:An Experiment that Went Wrong答案：D解析：文章第一段第一句是主题句，意为：步行购物区的概念由来已久。B项A。 idea from ancient history（来自古代的想法）与主题句意思相符，故选B。
文章第二段主要讲，随着人口和车辆的增加，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。很多人认为是时候试行无车辆街道了，而步行购物区便是最好的开始。A项A Need for Change（需要改变）符合本段主题，故选A。
文章第三段第一句是主题句，意为：一开始，（步行购物区）受到来自店主的阻力。D项Facing Protest from Shop Owners（面临店主的抗议）与主题句意思相符，故选D。
文章第四段主要讲研究发现步行购物区在一些欧洲国家呈现出了意想不到的统计数据。很多城市的消费者数量和销售额都有提高。这让美国明尼阿波利斯市备受鼓舞，他们还主动出钱建设和维护自己的步行购物街。E项Increase in Sales and Customers(销售额和顾客的增加）符合本段主题，故选E。
题干意为“步行购物街首先在中东国家发展起来。”文章第一段前两句指出，步行购物区的概念由来已久，在中世纪，中东一些国家建成步行购物区，让人们在舒适，更重要的是安全的环境下购物。E项Middle Eastern countries（中东国家）与原句意思相符，故选E。
题干意为“在20世纪60年代，汽车排放的肮脏的尾气使购物变成了不好的体验。”文章第二段第二句指出，车辆排放的尾气及对人身安全的威胁使购物变成一种不愉快且危险的体验。D项a bad experience（一种不好的体验）与原句意思相符，故选D。
题干意为“店主错误地认为没有车辆的街道会让顾客远离。”文章第三段最后一句指出，在欧洲，当第一批街道禁止车辆进入时甚至引起了喧闹的游行示威，因为很多店主预测他们会失去顾客。C项customers（顾客）与原句意思相符，故选C。
题干意为“步行购物街的到来使很多家具商丢掉生意。”文章最后一段第二句指出，不幸的是，这对每个人来说并不都是好消息，因为很多卖家具和大型电器的店铺确实看到了销售额的下降。F项furniture sellers（家具商）与原句意思相符，故此选F。 -
第20题：
共用题干
Pedestrians Only
1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-
free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop iii comfort and,more im-
portantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day
to allow for the free movement of pedestrians（行人）,and was only allowed inl at night when shops and mar-
kets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with
horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorised vehicles.
2 The modern,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the l960s,when both city popula-
tions and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved,in crossing the road
were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right
for experimenting with car-free streets,and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.
3 At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for
business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When
the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as many shopkeepers
predicted they would.lose customers.
4 However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.
In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent.On Copenhagen's
main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,
the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and
maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.
5 With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like
clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it isn't good news for everyone,as shops
selling furniture and larger electrical appliances,etc.actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced
to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 2____________
A:Facing Protest From Shop Owners
B:An Experoment That Went Wrong
C:Increase in Sales and Customers
D:Popularity of Online Shopping
E:A Need for Change
F:An Ides From Ancient Histoy答案：E解析：由文章第一段前两句话可知，关于步行街（traffic-free shopping areas）这一购物场所的观中“…… pageants that included music, poetry, and dance.”可知pageants包括音乐，诗歌和舞蹈表 演。故选D。念可以追溯到很早以前。在中世纪时期，为了让人们在舒适并且更加安全的场所购物，中东地区就出现了这样的步行街。故选F。
文章第二段主要讲述了由于城市人口增加和私家汽车增多造成购物成了不愉快且危险的经历，此时步行街就应运而生。
文章第三段的主题句是第一句话，"Atfirst,therewasresistancefromshopkeepers.”故选A。
文章第四段主要讲述了步行街的出现使顾客增加也为商户带来了利润，故选C。
由文章第一段第二句话中“DuringtheMiddleAges,traffic-freeshoppingareaswerebuiltinMiddleEasterncountries..."，可知选C。
由文章第二段第二句话中“Dirtygasesfromcars...makeshoppinganunpleasantexperience.”可知选B。
由文章第三段最后一句话中“manyshopkeeperspredictedtheywouldlosecustomers.”可知选D。
由文章第五段第二句话“itisn'tgoodnewsforeveryone,asshopssellingfurnitureandlargerelectricalappliances,etc.actuallysawtheirsalesdrop.”可知选A。 -
第21题：
共用题干
第二篇
The First Navigational Lights
In the New World,navigational lights were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by"light dues"levied on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.By then there were only a dozen of so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first lighthouses erected on the west coast in the 1850's featured the same basic new England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by.In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Notwithstanding differences in appearance and construction,most American lighthouses shared several features:a light,living quarters and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common. A keeper and usually,the keeper's family.The keeper' s essential task was trimming the lantern wick in order to maintain a steady,bright flame.The earliest keepers came from every walk of life;they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.After the administration of lighthouses was taken over in 1 852 by the United states Lighthouse Board,an agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper gradually became highly professional.It may be inferred from the passage that lighthouses in the Northeast did not need high towers because______.
A:the coast was straight and unobstructed
B:ships there had high masts
C:coastal waters were safe
D:the lighthouses were bulb on high Places答案：D解析：本题考查考生对文章主旨的把握。考的是文章的标题。本文从最早的美国灯塔，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作和生活。文章所提到的要点都围绕着美国早期的灯塔。选项A、B文中均有涉及，但并非重点。D项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
本题考查考生对细节的把握。考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
本题考查考生的推论能力。考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话：Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences , enormous towers were not the rule．由于位于东北地区的灯塔大多建在岩石高地上，所以一般都不需要建得很高大。所以，正确答案是D。
本题考查考生对细节的把握。考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段倒数第一、二句：It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet , it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country．我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州哈特勒斯角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
本题考查考生的推论能力。考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。原文第二段中：Farther south , from Maryland through the Florida Keys , the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country．据此可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛（the Florida Keys）需建同北卡罗来纳州的 Cape Hatteras一样高大的灯塔。由此可以推知北卡罗来纳州（North Carolina）的海岸情况与马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛 ( the Florida Keys）的海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项 A : rocky eminences是美国东北海岸的特点，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确答案是C。 -
第22题：
问答题Passage 2 A land free from destruction, wealth, natural resources, and labor supply--all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special", was men-- creative individuals who could invent machines, find new sources of power, and 4 business organizations to reshape the society. The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution 5 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 6 inventors than scientists. A man who is a pure scientist is primarily interested in doing his research accurately. He is not necessarily working 7 that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something 8 has a concrete use. He tries to solve a problem by following the theories of science or by experimenting 9 trial and error. Regardless 10 his method, he is working to obtain a specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives. Most of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were 11 . A 12 were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training 13 science might have made their inventions, 14 a groundwork had been laid by scientists years 15 .正确答案： 1. factors 根据句意,没有破坏的土地、财富、自然资源和劳动力都是英国成为工业革命中心的重要因素。因此填入factors。
2. But 通过后面的not enough可知,空格处应该填入表示转折的But。注意首字母大写。
3. else 文章一开始就提到一系列因素,接着说这些因素还不够,由此可知,此处填入else,修饰something表示其他事物。
4. establish/found/start 空格部分需填入动词与business organizations搭配。
5. came/were 句意:工业革命中发明各种机器的人有着各种背景,从事各种职业。come from/ be from来自。注意此处需使用过去时态。
6. more more...than...后跟形容词、副词、动词、名词等,且more后部分和than后部分词类相同,表示“与其说……不如说、是……不是、是……更是、有……无……”等。
7. so so that表示结果。这里指科学家的工作不一定是要让他的发现能够被使用。
8. that 空格部分填入that引导定语从句修饰不定代词something。
9. through trial and error反复试验;不断摸索。这里填入through,意思为“通过,凭借”。
10. of regardless of不顾,不管。
11. inventors 通过上文介绍可知,发明家更倾向于发明实用的东西,而科学家的研究不一定能够被使用。因此该句应该填入inventors。
12. few 此处填入few。a few“一些”,与上一句中的most of the people形成对比。
13. in training in sth.关于……的培训。
14. because 逗号后面的句子为前面的句子的原因,因此填入because。
15. before 句意:甚至那些很少甚至没有接受科学培训的人也可能会发明东西,因为科学家数年前就已经奠定好了基础。years before数年前。解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
单选题According to the passage, one of the reasons why readers in the 1920s and 130s were attracted by free insurance policies was that ______.Athey were afraid of being unable to work
Bjobs were more dangerous then
Cthey had bigger families to look after
Dmoney was given away with the policies
正确答案： A解析：
文中提到20世纪20、30年代是一个充斥着mass unemployment-economic insecurity和a passionate concern for the next generation的年代，由此可知读者之所以会对报纸和杂志提供的免费保险所吸引是因为他们担心失去工作后没有依靠，故A项正确。 -
第24题：
单选题According to the passage, which of the following is true of the last hundred years?AFossil fuels were burned for the first time.
BGreater amounts of land were cleared than at any time before.
CThe average temperature at the Earth’s surface has become 2℃ cooler.
DThe amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased measurably.
正确答案： D解析：
文中第二段第二句表明，过去100年间，矿物燃料的燃烧和森林的砍伐使大气中二氧化碳的含量增加了大约15%，而且我们不断地向大气中排放二氧化碳，由此可以推断，A、B两项表述均不准确；由于大气中的二氧化碳在不断增加，因此地表温度只会升高，而不是降低，C项错误；因此只有D项符合文章大意。