单选题“The city grew outward instead of upward” (Para. 2) means _____.A the city became more spread out instead of growing tallerB there were fewer small houses than tall buildingsC rapid development took place in the city centerD many tall buildings could b

According to the passage, what problem does Sao Paulo have?

Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to thegeneral public and to sociologists that modern society haschanged people’s natural relations, loosed their responsibilities　　　　　  　1．______to kins and neighbors, and substituted in their place　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2．______for superficial relationships with passing acquaintances.　　　　　　　　　　　 3．______However, in recent years a growing body of research hasrevealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you area city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of yourneighbors than you if you are a resident of a smaller community.　　　　　　　　4．______But, for the most part, this fact has a few significant　　　　　　　　　　　　 5．______consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know fewof your neighbors you will know no one else.　　Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties withinsmall, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality ofmeaningful relationships do not differ from more and less　　　　　　　　　　 　6．______urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kinthan do big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by　　　　　　　　　 　7．______developing friendships with people who share similar interestsand activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life,but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor　　　　　　　8．______are residents of large communities any likely to display　　　　　　　　　　　  9．______psychological symptoms of stress or alienation than areresidents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers doworry more about crime, and which leads them to a distrust of　　　　　　　　   10．______strangers.

Many old people in the cities find themselves unable to get used to the rapid _____ of city life.

The Elk City garbage dumps are so full that Elk City has been forced to pay a large sum to Caribou City to accept much of Elk City’s garbage. The Elk City mayor has proposed paying for this garbage relocation by imposing a tax on manufacturing businesses in Elk City. MegaCorp, the largest manufacturing business in the area, protests that this tax is unfair because businesses should not have to pay for a garbage problem that has been created by homeowners.　 Which of the following, if true, most weakens MegaCorp’s argument?

Is city A closer to city B than it is to city C?　 (1) City C is 197 miles from city A.　 (2) City C is 163 miles from city B.

Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.　　Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.The City of the Future　　What will city life be like in the future? Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They predict that cities will become more and more crowded. As the number of people increases, there will be less space for each person. This overcrowding will cause other problems—more crime, dirtier streets, and worse problems with traffic than we have now. How will people find enough drinking water, energy (such as gas and electricity), and housing? Because life will be hard, people who live in cities will worry more, and they may become sick. For these reasons, some say that nobody will want to live in urban areas.　　How can we solve such problems as overcrowding, crime, and traffic? In some cities, thousands of people are already sleeping in the streets because there is so little suitable housing—and because rents are so high. The crime rate isn’t going down. Instead, it is increasing so fast that many people are afraid to go out at night. Traffic is also getting worse. More and more often, traffic jams are so bad that cars don’t move at all for several blocks. These urban problems have been getting worse, not better, so many people see no hope for the future of the city.　　Los Angeles, California, for instance, has no subway system and the buses are slow. Instead, most commuters drive many miles from their homes to work. Many of these drivers spend several hours each day on busy freeways. New York, by contrast, has a mass transit system—buses, commuter trains, and subways. Because the public transportation is crowded and dirty, however, many people drive private cars, and the traffic jams are worse than in Los Angeles.　　On the other hand, some cities have clean, fast, and pleasant public transportation systems. In Paris, France, and Toronto, Canada, for example, anyone can use mass transit to move quickly from one part of the city to another.　　The disadvantages of any modern city are not unique to that city—that is, cities all over the world have to solve the problems of traffic jams, crime, housing, energy, drinking water, and overcrowding. Yet many cities have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. Some European cities, such as Stockholm, Sweden, or London, England, have planned communities that provide people with apartments, jobs, shopping centers, green space, entertainment, and transportation. Many U.S. cities are rebuilding their downtown areas. Urban planners can learn from one another. They can try solutions that have been successful in other parts of the world.　　Summary:　　Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They say that cities will become more and more crowded and many other problems will be caused by this 　1　Due to the hard life, people do not want to live in 　2　These urban problems such as overcrowding, crime and traffic have been getting worse, so many people 　3　for the future of the city. However, these disadvantages of any modern city are not unique to that city. All the cities all over the world must solve the problems and fortunately, many of them have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. For example, 　4　or London has planned communities providing people with apartments, jobs and so on. Besides, many U. S. cities 　5　In a word, solutions that have been successful in a place should be adopted and tried in another place.

What’s the main idea of the passage?

“The city grew outward instead of upward” (Para. 2) means _____.

San Francisco　　San Francisco, open your Golden Gate, sang the girl in the theatre. She never1 finished her song. That date was 18th April, 1906. The earth shook and the roof suddenly divided, buildings crashed2 to the ground and people rushed out into the streets. The dreadful earthquake destroyed the city that had grown up when men discovered gold in the deserts of California. But today the streets of San Francisco stretch over more than forty steep hills, rising like huge cliffs above the blue waters of the Pacific Ocean　　The best way to see this splendid city, where Spanish people were the first to make their homes, is to take one of the old cable cars which run along the nine main avenues. Fares are cheap；they have not risen, I’m told, for almost a hundred years4.　　You leave5 the palm trees in Union Square—the heart of San Francisco—and from the shop signs and the faces around you, you will notice that in the city live people from many nations—Austrians, Italians, Chinese and others—giving each part a special character. More Chinese live in China Town than in any other part of the world outside China. Here, with Chinese restaurants,　　Chinese post-boxes, and even odd telephone-boxes that look like pagodas, it is easy to feel you are in China itself.　　Fisherman’s Wharf, a place all foreigners want to see, is at the end of the ride. You get out, pause perhaps to help the other travelers to swing the cable Car on its turntable(a city custom), and then set out to find a table in one of the gay little restaurants beside the harbor. As you enjoy the fresh Pacific seafood you can admire the bright red paint of the Golden Gate Bridge in the harbor and watch the traffic crossing beneath the tall towers on its way to the pretty village of Tiberon.