单选题By making some very simple changes at home, old people _____.A are free from home accidentsB can improve their healthC are likely to live longerD can live more safely
题目
单选题
By making some very simple changes at home, old people _____.
A
are free from home accidents
B
can improve their health
C
are likely to live longer
D
can live more safely
相似考题
参考答案和解析
正确答案：
D
解析：
本题是细节题。从文章的第一段第二句“Most old people can live safely at home if they make a few changes”可知，如果稍作改动，老年人在家中将会非常安全。A项“完全不会发生意外”，B项“可以改善健康状况”，C项“可能会更长寿”，与原文所述内容不符，正确答案为D。
本题是细节题。从文章的第一段第二句“Most old people can live safely at home if they make a few changes”可知，如果稍作改动，老年人在家中将会非常安全。A项“完全不会发生意外”，B项“可以改善健康状况”，C项“可能会更长寿”，与原文所述内容不符，正确答案为D。
更多“By making some very simple changes at home, old people _____”相关问题
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第1题：
The passage suggests that the early shops for making tools were ______.
A．not very sophisticated
B．known for doing very quick Work
C．dependent on imported materials
D．frequented only by fashionable people
正确答案：A
解析：本题的依据句是“At first，these articles were whittled with a knife，but when pioneer craftsmen set up their primitive shops most of them were fashioned on a lathe--a machine which holds an object and rotates it while it is being shaped by a tool.”在这里，A选项的not very sophisticated 意思为“并不复杂，是简单的”，对应原文中的primitive(原始的，简单的)。其他选项的内容属于无关信息。 -
第2题：
30． Which is right according to the passage?
A． People have too much time to talk with each other．
B． Life now is very simple．
C． Some families have become single-parent families．
D． Lots of mothers stay at home and look after their children．
正确答案：C
30.C【解析】根据文章的第二段可知；许多家庭解体，即变成了单亲家庭，故选c。 -
第3题：
Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______ weather around the world.
A. /; the
B. the; /
C. an; the
D. the; a
正确答案：A
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第4题：
For some obscure reason,the simple game is becoming very popular.A: obvious
B: major
C: unclear
D: minor答案：C解析：题干意为“不知什么原因，这项简单的运动变得非常流行。” 句中划线词意为“不清楚的，不明了的”,C项unclear意为“不清楚的”。例：Reason of the attack remains unclear．攻击的原因仍不清楚。A项意为“明显的”。B项major意为“较大的，主要的”。D项minor意为“较小的，不重要的”。故选C。 -
第5题：
共用题干
Prolonging Human Life
Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive
today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago.Because
more people live longer,there are more people around at any given time. In fact,it is a decrease in death rates,not an increase in birthrates,that has led to the population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies,people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved,whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies,people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work;we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement,some-body else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people;unless they have wealth or private or government insur-ance,they must often“go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves,they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures,they would be cared for at home until they died. Today,with most members of a household working or in school,there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need,a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built.These are of-ten profit-making organizations,although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups.While a few of these institutions are good,most of them are simply“dumping grounds”for the dying in which“care”is given by poorly paid,overworked,and under-skilled personnel.In Paragraph 3,the phrase“this need” refers to______.
A: the need to prolong the lives of old people
B: the need to enrich the life of the retired people
C: the need to build profit-making nursing homes
D: the need to take care of a sick and weak person答案：D解析：题干意为“作者认为造成人口爆炸的原因是什么？”利用题干中的细节信息短语population explosion作为定位线索，在第一段中找到相关句：In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion．该句意为 “事实上，是由于死亡率的下降，而不是出生率的上升，导致了人口爆炸”。因此，C项“死亡率的下降”是正确答案。
题干意为“从短文中可以推断出狩猎和以采集为生的时代……”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语hunting和gathering cultures作为定位线索，在第二段中找到相关句： In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child．相关句意为 “在以狩猎和采集为生的时代，不能跟上其他人的老人会被甩在后面，任他死去。在饥荒时，人们会放任婴儿死亡，因为如果他们的父母饿死了，他们也无法生存，而如果父母生存下来可重新生儿育女”。因此，B项“遇到饥荒时，人们会放任婴儿死亡”是正确的答案。
题干意为“依据短文内容来看，关于美国退休人员的陈述下面哪个选项正确？”利用题干中的细节信息短语retired people和the United States作为定位线索，在第二 段中找到相关句：In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty．该句提到“在美国，许多退休人员依靠社会保障金生活，其数额非常微薄，使得他们几乎挣扎于贫困的边缘”，由此可知在美国许多退休人员的生活是很艰难的。这正是选项A表达的意思，因而A项“许多人生活艰难”是正确的答案。
题干意为“在第三段中，‘this need’…”。该题属于词汇题中的语篇衔接词 题。首先找到“this need”所在的句子：To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. “this need”应该回指上文中具体提到的需要，因此关 注上文，首先关注该句的前一句：Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person．该句意为“当今，由于家庭中大多数人都出去工作或上学，家里常常没有人来照顾有病或身体虚弱的人”。由此可知上文中提到的需要是“照顾有病的和身体虚弱的人”，因此答案为D项“需要照顾有病的和身体虚弱的人”。
题干意为“下面哪个选项能最恰当地描述作者对养老院和康复医院的态度？”该题属于主旨题，通常短文主题会在短文开头及/或短文结尾处有明确体现，因此首先关 注短文结尾处的句子：...most of them are simply “dumping grounds” for the dying in which“care” is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel．该句提到“大多数机构只不过是丢弃垂死的人的‘垃饭场’，所谓的‘照顾’都是由收入低、超量工作、技术水平低下的人员提供的”。从作者的用词中可以看出作者在对包括养老院和康复医院的大多数机构持批评的态度，因此答案为D项“批评性的”。 -
第6题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First , we know that all human beings have a language of some sort.There is no race（种族）of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another.Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language. Second,there is no such thing as a primitive（原始的）language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive.In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense.There are,or were, hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate.That is,each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language. Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical features change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly.Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.The author argues that we do know some things about language in______aspects.
A:three
B:four
C:five
D:six答案：B解析：根据第二段第一句中的“First"，第三段第一句中的“second，第五段第一句中的“Athird thing"，以及第六段第一句中“Finally”可知，作者主要从四个方面来淦释语言的特征。
根据第三段最后一句可知，所有已知的语言无不经过了数万年的充分发展。
第四段第一句中的“This”指的就是第三段所诊释的内容，再结合第三段第一句" Second , there is no such thing as a primitive language.”可知，A项正确。
由第五段可知，A、B两项表述正确。根据第四段最后一句可知，作者认为不同的语言没有发展水平上的差别，美国的印第安语和英语一样复杂，故C项表述正确，D项表述不正确。
根据第六段最后一句可知，词汇是所有语言中最不稳定的部分，即它最容易发生变化。 -
第7题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First , we know that all human beings have a language of some sort.There is no race（种族）of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another.Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language. Second,there is no such thing as a primitive（原始的）language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive.In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense.There are,or were, hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate.That is,each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language. Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical features change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly.Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A:A language is a means of expressing a particular culture.
B:All languages can well express their respective cultures.
C:American Indian languages are as complex as English.
D:Some languages are better than others.答案：D解析：根据第二段第一句中的“First"，第三段第一句中的“second，第五段第一句中的“Athird thing"，以及第六段第一句中“Finally”可知，作者主要从四个方面来淦释语言的特征。
根据第三段最后一句可知，所有已知的语言无不经过了数万年的充分发展。
第四段第一句中的“This”指的就是第三段所诊释的内容，再结合第三段第一句" Second , there is no such thing as a primitive language.”可知，A项正确。
由第五段可知，A、B两项表述正确。根据第四段最后一句可知，作者认为不同的语言没有发展水平上的差别，美国的印第安语和英语一样复杂，故C项表述正确，D项表述不正确。
根据第六段最后一句可知，词汇是所有语言中最不稳定的部分，即它最容易发生变化。 -
第8题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First,we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language.
Second,there is no such thing as a primitive language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive .In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.
This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.
Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense .There are,or were,hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time.Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical teatures change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rap-idly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they are______.
A: just as old as some well-known languages
B: just as sophisticated as some well-known languages
C: more developed than some well-known languages
D: more complex than some well-known languages答案：B解析：作者在第二段中认为，任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。文中的原句是：There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language…
此题的答案来自第三段。
作者列举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。原句是：They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
根据第五段“That is,each one… who speak the language.”可知，B项正确。
词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。文中的原句是：Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. -
第9题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First,we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language.
Second,there is no such thing as a primitive language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive .In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.
This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.
Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense .There are,or were,hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time.Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical teatures change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rap-idly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.According to the author,people of undeveloped cultures can have______languages.
A: complicated
B: uncivilized
C: primitive
D: well-known答案：A解析：作者在第二段中认为，任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。文中的原句是：There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language…
此题的答案来自第三段。
作者列举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。原句是：They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
根据第五段“That is,each one… who speak the language.”可知，B项正确。
词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。文中的原句是：Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. -
第10题：
填空题Now the number of people who are working at home on the Internet (be) ____ still very small.正确答案： is解析：
本题考查主谓一致。句意：现在在家里用电脑办公的人非常少。the number of+可数名词（复数形式）做主语时，谓语要用单数形式。 -
第11题：
单选题Some old people don’t like pop songs because they can’t ______ so much noise.Aresist
Bsustain
Ctolerate
Dundergo
正确答案： D解析：
句意：一些老年人不喜欢流行歌曲是因为他们无法忍受那么多的噪音。tolerate忍受，容忍（不好的东西的存在）。resist抵抗，抵制，多指抗拒一些不好的东西，并带有强烈的感情色彩。sustain支撑，维持。undergo经历，遭受，强调过程。 -
第12题：
单选题Alan often goes to the old people’s home ______up the old and look after them.Ato cheer
Bcheer
Ccheers
Dcheered
正确答案： C解析：
句意：阿兰经常去老年居所，给予老人鼓励并照看他们。主句已有动词go，故本题考查非谓语动词。不定式“to cheer”表示目的，符合句子逻辑，故A项正确。 -
第13题：
29． What changes have happened to some families?
①There are lights at home．
②People like to eat home-cooked food．
③Lots of families have computers．
④Lots of couples live apart because of unhappy problems．
A．①②④
B．②③④
C．①②③
D．①③④
正确答案：D
29.D【解析】通读全文可知，只有②与文章不符。 -
第14题：
Millions of people are in danger of getting malaria because______.
A. some countries have not started a campaign against mosquitoes
B. new species of mosquitoes may survive today's sprays
C. malaria was once thought to be a very old evil of the world
D. present sprays are not as effective as people think
正确答案：B
[解析] 见第二段最后一句话。
-
第15题：
III阅读理解（20分）
A
There are many different kinds of cars in the world． My uncle thinks this is because cars are like their drivers． He says: "Rich people have expensive cars，big people have large cars，and old people drive old cars． "But I don-t agree with him．
My neighbor，Mrs Hill，is 82 years old． She drives only to the bank on Tuesdays． She never drives more than 30 kilometers an hour． Do you think Mrs Hill has a very old and small car? No! Her car is new．lt-s very large，and it can g0 200 kilometers an hour!
My friend Mike is an artist． He draws beautiful pictures with lots of colors． But his car is black! Mrs Bates has a very，very old car．lt often has engine trouble． Does she drive that kind of car because she is poor? No，she has four factories and two million dollars in the bank． My aunt Mary has a very small car． Every Sunday，she．drives to the country with her husband，her three children，her mother and their dog．
Now，you have read about some people and their cars． Do you agree with my uncle? Maybe your family have cars． Do you want to say something about them?'
( )21． What does the writer-s uncle think of cars and their drivers?
A． Big people drive small cars．
B． Old people drive new cars．
C． Poor people have expensive cars．
D． Rich people have dear cars．
正确答案：D
Ⅲ．21.D【解析】从文中第一段第三句作者叔叔说的话中“...Rich people have expensive cars”可知答案． -
第16题：
共用题干
Prolonging Human Life
Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive
today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago.Because
more people live longer,there are more people around at any given time. In fact,it is a decrease in death rates,not an increase in birthrates,that has led to the population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies,people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved,whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies,people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work;we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement,some-body else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people;unless they have wealth or private or government insur-ance,they must often“go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves,they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures,they would be cared for at home until they died. Today,with most members of a household working or in school,there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need,a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built.These are of-ten profit-making organizations,although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups.While a few of these institutions are good,most of them are simply“dumping grounds”for the dying in which“care”is given by poorly paid,overworked,and under-skilled personnel.According to the passage,which of the following statements about retired people in the United States is true?
A: Many of them have a very hard life.
B: They cannot live a decent life without enough bank savings.
C: They rely mainly on their children for financial support.
D: Most of them live with their children and therefore are well looked after.答案：A解析：题干意为“作者认为造成人口爆炸的原因是什么？”利用题干中的细节信息短语population explosion作为定位线索，在第一段中找到相关句：In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion．该句意为 “事实上，是由于死亡率的下降，而不是出生率的上升，导致了人口爆炸”。因此，C项“死亡率的下降”是正确答案。
题干意为“从短文中可以推断出狩猎和以采集为生的时代……”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语hunting和gathering cultures作为定位线索，在第二段中找到相关句： In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child．相关句意为 “在以狩猎和采集为生的时代，不能跟上其他人的老人会被甩在后面，任他死去。在饥荒时，人们会放任婴儿死亡，因为如果他们的父母饿死了，他们也无法生存，而如果父母生存下来可重新生儿育女”。因此，B项“遇到饥荒时，人们会放任婴儿死亡”是正确的答案。
题干意为“依据短文内容来看，关于美国退休人员的陈述下面哪个选项正确？”利用题干中的细节信息短语retired people和the United States作为定位线索，在第二 段中找到相关句：In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty．该句提到“在美国，许多退休人员依靠社会保障金生活，其数额非常微薄，使得他们几乎挣扎于贫困的边缘”，由此可知在美国许多退休人员的生活是很艰难的。这正是选项A表达的意思，因而A项“许多人生活艰难”是正确的答案。
题干意为“在第三段中，‘this need’…”。该题属于词汇题中的语篇衔接词 题。首先找到“this need”所在的句子：To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. “this need”应该回指上文中具体提到的需要，因此关 注上文，首先关注该句的前一句：Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person．该句意为“当今，由于家庭中大多数人都出去工作或上学，家里常常没有人来照顾有病或身体虚弱的人”。由此可知上文中提到的需要是“照顾有病的和身体虚弱的人”，因此答案为D项“需要照顾有病的和身体虚弱的人”。
题干意为“下面哪个选项能最恰当地描述作者对养老院和康复医院的态度？”该题属于主旨题，通常短文主题会在短文开头及/或短文结尾处有明确体现，因此首先关 注短文结尾处的句子：...most of them are simply “dumping grounds” for the dying in which“care” is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel．该句提到“大多数机构只不过是丢弃垂死的人的‘垃饭场’，所谓的‘照顾’都是由收入低、超量工作、技术水平低下的人员提供的”。从作者的用词中可以看出作者在对包括养老院和康复医院的大多数机构持批评的态度，因此答案为D项“批评性的”。 -
第17题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First , we know that all human beings have a language of some sort.There is no race（种族）of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another.Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language. Second,there is no such thing as a primitive（原始的）language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive.In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense.There are,or were, hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate.That is,each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language. Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical features change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly.Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.According to the third paragraph,the author thinks that______.
A:there exist some primitive languages in the world
B:there are many people who don't have a language
C:no languages in the world haven't been well developed
D:there are some languages we know having little complexities答案：C解析：根据第二段第一句中的“First"，第三段第一句中的“second，第五段第一句中的“Athird thing"，以及第六段第一句中“Finally”可知，作者主要从四个方面来淦释语言的特征。
根据第三段最后一句可知，所有已知的语言无不经过了数万年的充分发展。
第四段第一句中的“This”指的就是第三段所诊释的内容，再结合第三段第一句" Second , there is no such thing as a primitive language.”可知，A项正确。
由第五段可知，A、B两项表述正确。根据第四段最后一句可知，作者认为不同的语言没有发展水平上的差别，美国的印第安语和英语一样复杂，故C项表述正确，D项表述不正确。
根据第六段最后一句可知，词汇是所有语言中最不稳定的部分，即它最容易发生变化。 -
第18题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First , we know that all human beings have a language of some sort.There is no race（种族）of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another.Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language. Second,there is no such thing as a primitive（原始的）language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive.In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense.There are,or were, hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate.That is,each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language. Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical features change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly.Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.According to the author,language changes are most likely to occur in______.
A:grammar
B:pronunciation
C:vocabulary
D:intonation答案：C解析：根据第二段第一句中的“First"，第三段第一句中的“second，第五段第一句中的“Athird thing"，以及第六段第一句中“Finally”可知，作者主要从四个方面来淦释语言的特征。
根据第三段最后一句可知，所有已知的语言无不经过了数万年的充分发展。
第四段第一句中的“This”指的就是第三段所诊释的内容，再结合第三段第一句" Second , there is no such thing as a primitive language.”可知，A项正确。
由第五段可知，A、B两项表述正确。根据第四段最后一句可知，作者认为不同的语言没有发展水平上的差别，美国的印第安语和英语一样复杂，故C项表述正确，D项表述不正确。
根据第六段最后一句可知，词汇是所有语言中最不稳定的部分，即它最容易发生变化。 -
第19题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First,we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language.
Second,there is no such thing as a primitive language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive .In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.
This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.
Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense .There are,or were,hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time.Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical teatures change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rap-idly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.According to the author,language changes are most likely to occur in______.
A: grammar
B: pronunciation
C: vocabulary
D: intonation答案：C解析：作者在第二段中认为，任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。文中的原句是：There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language…
此题的答案来自第三段。
作者列举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。原句是：They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
根据第五段“That is,each one… who speak the language.”可知，B项正确。
词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。文中的原句是：Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. -
第20题：
共用题干
Some Things We Know About Language
Many things about language are a mystery,and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.
First,we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language,no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore,in historical times,there has never been a race of men without a language.
Second,there is no such thing as a primitive language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped,who are,as we say,uncivilized,but the languages they speak are not primitive .In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.
This has not always been well understood;indeed,the direct contrary has often been stated.
Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense .There are,or were,hundreds of American Indian languages,and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old.They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
Finally,we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change;the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time.Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical teatures change as do speech sounds,and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rap-idly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.In the second paragraph the passage tells us that______.
A: some backward race doesn't have a language of its own
B: some race in history didn't possess a language of its own
C: any human race,whether backward or not,has a language
D: some races on earth can communicate without language答案：C解析：作者在第二段中认为，任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。文中的原句是：There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language…
此题的答案来自第三段。
作者列举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。原句是：They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with,but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
根据第五段“That is,each one… who speak the language.”可知，B项正确。
词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。文中的原句是：Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. -
第21题：
Life gets noisier every day and very few people can free from noise of some sort or another.It doesn′t matter where you live--in the middle of a modem city,or a faraway village--the chances that you will be disturbed by jet aero planes,transistor radios,oil powered engines,etc.,are almost everywhere.We seem to be getting used to noise,too.Some people feel quite lonely without background music while they are working.
Scientific tests have shown that total silence can be very frightening experience for human beings.However,some people enjoy listening to pop music which is very loud,and this can do harm to their eardrums（耳鼓）.The noise level in some disco is far above the usual safety level for heavy industrial areas.
One recent report about noise and concentration（专心）suggested that although a lot of people say that any noise disturbs their concentration,what really affects their ability to concentrate is a change in the level of noise.It goes on to say that a background noise,which doesn′t change too much（music,for example）may even help people to concentrate.
Scientists have discovered that what prevents people from concentrating isA.any kind of noise
B.great changes in level of noise
C.background,noise
D.various background music答案：B解析：考情点拨:事实细节题。应试指导:从第三段第一句可知，真正影响人们集中精力的是噪音级别的改变。
-
第22题：
单选题The purpose of this passage is to tell people that_____.Amost old people die from accidents at home
Bup to half of home accidents could be prevented
Cfalls at home can be avoided by taking some simple measures
Dprotection of old people should be the first concern for the public
正确答案： A解析：
从文章的意思来看，作者主要介绍了三种避免老人在家中摔倒的方法，可见文章主要是围绕避免摔倒的问题展开的。因此正确答案为C。 -
第23题：
单选题By making some very simple changes at home, old people _____.Aare free from home accidents
Bcan improve their health
Care likely to live longer
Dcan live more safely
正确答案： A解析：
本题是细节题。从文章的第一段第二句“Most old people can live safely at home if they make a few changes”可知，如果稍作改动，老年人在家中将会非常安全。A项“完全不会发生意外”，B项“可以改善健康状况”，C项“可能会更长寿”，与原文所述内容不符，正确答案为D。 -
第24题：
单选题More attention should be given to the bicycle as a means of transport because it is _____.Aa very efficient and simple device
Bmuch cheaper than a car
Cwidely used in Amsterdam and Cambridge
Dstill used by rich people
正确答案： C解析：
本题的依据句是文章第二段的第二句话“The bicycle itself is a remarkably efficient and simple device for using human muscular energy for transportation.”。从中可知A项为正确答案。