单选题Mr. Morales’s concessions exclude ______.A restriction of his candidature as president to a single five-year termB autonomy, land reformC limits on land ownership will not be retroactiveD loosening state control over the country’s natural resources

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第二篇

Human and the Earth

In terms of the evolution of life on Earth,human beings have just arrived.Despite their shori time on Earth,however,people have brought about enormous changes to the surface of the planet一changes far out of proportion to the interval of time they have occupied it.
People have more control over their surroundings than any other species on Earth.With the combination of intelligence and manual skill(allowing us to make and use tools),people have found ways to use plant and animal resources,mineral ores,fuels,and many other materials and resources from the Earth.
As the number of people on Earth increases,it becomes increasingly difficult for the population to survive on the resources of the land.The amount of land is limited.Although agricultural production can be increased by use of machinery such as tractors and the addition of fertilizer,the land ultimately can produce only so much food and no more.
As the human population grows,people consume more.Clearly,some locations on Earth already have too many people;in many of these areas,future increases will surely bring about more poverty and suffering. Yet people in rich nations use proportionally far more of the available resources than people in poorer nations.As they consume these resources without restraint,they also waste large amounts of them.
People are only a very small fraction of all the living things on the planet.Yet their numbers create a drain on resources that can't be renewed.For example,the amount of water on Earth is limited,this water is cleaned through natural processes.However,the natural processes for filtering water can clean only a certain amount of water by removing the pollution.Likewise,a limited amount of petroleum can be found under the Earth's surface.Petroleum is a valuable resource.Should people use it up to manufacture petrol for automobiles?As people work to control the planet and make life comfortable,are they using up resources that are needed for their survival?

Why have people more control over their surroundings than any other species on Earth?
A:Because of their intelligence and manual skill.
B:Because they can use plant and animal resources,mineral ores and fuels.
C:Because they are cleverer than any other animals on Earth.
D:Both A and B.

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第二篇

Human and the Earth

In terms of the evolution of life on Earth,human beings have just arrived.Despite their shori time on Earth,however,people have brought about enormous changes to the surface of the planet一changes far out of proportion to the interval of time they have occupied it.
People have more control over their surroundings than any other species on Earth.With the combination of intelligence and manual skill(allowing us to make and use tools),people have found ways to use plant and animal resources,mineral ores,fuels,and many other materials and resources from the Earth.
As the number of people on Earth increases,it becomes increasingly difficult for the population to survive on the resources of the land.The amount of land is limited.Although agricultural production can be increased by use of machinery such as tractors and the addition of fertilizer,the land ultimately can produce only so much food and no more.
As the human population grows,people consume more.Clearly,some locations on Earth already have too many people;in many of these areas,future increases will surely bring about more poverty and suffering. Yet people in rich nations use proportionally far more of the available resources than people in poorer nations.As they consume these resources without restraint,they also waste large amounts of them.
People are only a very small fraction of all the living things on the planet.Yet their numbers create a drain on resources that can't be renewed.For example,the amount of water on Earth is limited,this water is cleaned through natural processes.However,the natural processes for filtering water can clean only a certain amount of water by removing the pollution.Likewise,a limited amount of petroleum can be found under the Earth's surface.Petroleum is a valuable resource.Should people use it up to manufacture petrol for automobiles?As people work to control the planet and make life comfortable,are they using up resources that are needed for their survival?

in terms of the evolution of life on Earth,the history of human beings is_______.
A:very short
B:very long
C:as long as that of other animals
D:as long as that of the Earth

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第二篇

Human and the Earth

In terms of the evolution of life on Earth,human beings have just arrived.Despite their shori time on Earth,however,people have brought about enormous changes to the surface of the planet一changes far out of proportion to the interval of time they have occupied it.
People have more control over their surroundings than any other species on Earth.With the combination of intelligence and manual skill(allowing us to make and use tools),people have found ways to use plant and animal resources,mineral ores,fuels,and many other materials and resources from the Earth.
As the number of people on Earth increases,it becomes increasingly difficult for the population to survive on the resources of the land.The amount of land is limited.Although agricultural production can be increased by use of machinery such as tractors and the addition of fertilizer,the land ultimately can produce only so much food and no more.
As the human population grows,people consume more.Clearly,some locations on Earth already have too many people;in many of these areas,future increases will surely bring about more poverty and suffering. Yet people in rich nations use proportionally far more of the available resources than people in poorer nations.As they consume these resources without restraint,they also waste large amounts of them.
People are only a very small fraction of all the living things on the planet.Yet their numbers create a drain on resources that can't be renewed.For example,the amount of water on Earth is limited,this water is cleaned through natural processes.However,the natural processes for filtering water can clean only a certain amount of water by removing the pollution.Likewise,a limited amount of petroleum can be found under the Earth's surface.Petroleum is a valuable resource.Should people use it up to manufacture petrol for automobiles?As people work to control the planet and make life comfortable,are they using up resources that are needed for their survival?

What makes people feel hard to live on Earth?
A:Fertilizer.
B:Lse of machinery.
C:Limited land.
D:Limited mineral resources.

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A Country's Standard of Living

The"standard of living"of any country means the average person's share of the goods and services the
country produces.A country's standard of living,therefore____________(51)first on its capacity to produce
wealth."Wealth"in this____________(52)is not money,for we do not live on money but on things that money
can buy:"goods",such as food and clothing,and"services",such as transport and entertainment.
A country's capacity to____________(53)wealth depends upon many factors,most of____________(54)
have an effect on one another.Wealth depends_(55)a great extent upon a country's natural re-
sources.Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have fertile（肥沃的）soil
and a favorable climate;other regions_____________(56)none of them.
Next to natural resources comes the ability to_____________(57)them to use.China is perhaps as rich as
the USA in natural resources,but she suffered for many years____________(58)civil and external wars,and
for this and other_____________(59)was unable to develop her resources.Sound and stable political conditions,
and_____________(60)from foreign invasions,enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and
steadily,and to produce more_____________( 61)than another country equally well favored by nature but less
well ordered.
A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and_____________(62)
within its own borders,but also upon what is directly produced through international trade.For example,
Britain's wealth in food stuffs and other agricultural_____________(63)would be much less if she had to de-
pend only on those grown at home.Trade makes it possible for her surplus（剩余的）manufactured goods to
be traded abroad for the agricultural products_____________(64)would otherwise be lacking.A eountry'B
wealth is,therefore,much influenced by its manufacturing capacity,_____________(65)that other countries can
be found ready to accept its manufactures.

_________（55）
A:for
B:to
C:in
D:by

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第一篇

Water Resources on the Earth

The second most important constituent（构成成分）of the biosphere（生物圈）is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures,since water freezes at 0℃and boils a 100℃．Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperature: somewhere within this narrow range.
The earth's supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity.The total quantity of water is not known very accurately,but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three-quarter kilometers.Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans一about 97 percent. The rest is fresh.But three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the poles and or mountains and cannot be used by living systems until melted.Of the remaining fraction,which h somewhat less than one percent of the whole.There is 10—20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface.There is also a tiny,but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as water vapour in the atmosphere.
Water vapour in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole water circulation（循环） of the biosphere has to pass.Water evaporated（蒸发）from the surface of the oceans,from lakes and rivers and from moist（潮湿的）earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow,falling on either the sea or the land. There is,as might be expected, a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land,but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans and the balance is restored by the run off from the land in the form of rivers.

There is more of rainfall________.
A:over the mountains than over the rivers
B:over the rivers than over the mountains
C:over the land than over the oceans
D:over the oceans than over the land

In any country, the "standard ofliving" means the average person′s share of the goods and services whichthe country produces. Therefore, a country′s standard of living depends firstand foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in thissense is not money, but "goods" such as food and clothing, and"services" such as transport and entertainment.
The capacity to produce wealth depends uponmany factors, most of which have an effect on one another. To a great extent,wealth depends upon a country′s natural resources, such as coal, gold, andother minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are wellsupplied with coal and minerals, and some are not.
Next to natural resources comes the abilityto turn them to use. Some countries are perhaps well off in natural resources,but unable to develop their resources. They suffered for many years from civiland external wars. Peaceful political and stable conditions enable a country todevelop its natural resources effectively, and to produce more wealth thananother country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Anotherimportant factor is the technical efficiency of a country′s people.Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers andtechnicians produce wealth more than countries whose workers are largelyunskilled.
A country′s standard of living does notonly depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its ownborders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade.
For instance, Britain′s wealth isfoodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had todepend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplusmanufacture goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products. In thisaspect, a country′s wealth is much influenced by its manufacturing capacity,provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.
The manufacturing capacity may be a keyfactor to a higher standard of living when one country ______

A.has traded her manufacture
B.has established her wealth
C.has been an industrialized one
D.has produced surplus manufactured goods

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A Country's Standard of Living

The"standard of living" of any country means the average person's share of the goods and services the country produces.A country's standard of living,________(51),depends first and ________(52)on its capacity to produce wealth."Wealth"in this sense is not money,for we do not live on money________( 53)on things that money can buy:"goods"such as food and clothing, and"services"such as transport and entertainment.
A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors,most of_________(54) have an effect on one another. Wealth depends_________(55)a great extent upon a country's natural resources.Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals,and have fertile soil and a favorable climate;other regions possess none of them.
Next to natural resources_________(56) the ability to turn them to use.Some countries are perhaps as well-off_________(57)the USA in natural resources,but suffered for many years from civil and external wars,and________(58)this and other reasons were________(59)to develop their resources.Sound and stable political conditions,and________(60)from foreign invasions, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily,and to produce more wealth than another country equally well favoured by nature but less well ordered.
A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed_________(61)its own borders,but also upon what is directly produced through international trade.________(62),Britain's wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on________(63)grown at home.Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would________(64)be lacking.A country's wealth is,therefore,much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, ______(65)that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.

_________(52)
A:primary
B:all
C:foremost
D:mainly

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第二篇

Human and the Earth

In terms of the evolution of life on Earth,human beings have just arrived.Despite their shori time on Earth,however,people have brought about enormous changes to the surface of the planet一changes far out of proportion to the interval of time they have occupied it.
People have more control over their surroundings than any other species on Earth.With the combination of intelligence and manual skill(allowing us to make and use tools),people have found ways to use plant and animal resources,mineral ores,fuels,and many other materials and resources from the Earth.
As the number of people on Earth increases,it becomes increasingly difficult for the population to survive on the resources of the land.The amount of land is limited.Although agricultural production can be increased by use of machinery such as tractors and the addition of fertilizer,the land ultimately can produce only so much food and no more.
As the human population grows,people consume more.Clearly,some locations on Earth already have too many people;in many of these areas,future increases will surely bring about more poverty and suffering. Yet people in rich nations use proportionally far more of the available resources than people in poorer nations.As they consume these resources without restraint,they also waste large amounts of them.
People are only a very small fraction of all the living things on the planet.Yet their numbers create a drain on resources that can't be renewed.For example,the amount of water on Earth is limited,this water is cleaned through natural processes.However,the natural processes for filtering water can clean only a certain amount of water by removing the pollution.Likewise,a limited amount of petroleum can be found under the Earth's surface.Petroleum is a valuable resource.Should people use it up to manufacture petrol for automobiles?As people work to control the planet and make life comfortable,are they using up resources that are needed for their survival?

Which of the following statements about resources on Earth is not correct?
A:They can not be renewed.
B:Water is a kind of resource which can not be renewed.
C:Some of the resources are valuable.
D:Many resources can be recycled so we don't need to worry about them.

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第二篇

Human and the Earth

In terms of the evolution of life on Earth,human beings have just arrived.Despite their shori time on Earth,however,people have brought about enormous changes to the surface of the planet一changes far out of proportion to the interval of time they have occupied it.
People have more control over their surroundings than any other species on Earth.With the combination of intelligence and manual skill(allowing us to make and use tools),people have found ways to use plant and animal resources,mineral ores,fuels,and many other materials and resources from the Earth.
As the number of people on Earth increases,it becomes increasingly difficult for the population to survive on the resources of the land.The amount of land is limited.Although agricultural production can be increased by use of machinery such as tractors and the addition of fertilizer,the land ultimately can produce only so much food and no more.
As the human population grows,people consume more.Clearly,some locations on Earth already have too many people;in many of these areas,future increases will surely bring about more poverty and suffering. Yet people in rich nations use proportionally far more of the available resources than people in poorer nations.As they consume these resources without restraint,they also waste large amounts of them.
People are only a very small fraction of all the living things on the planet.Yet their numbers create a drain on resources that can't be renewed.For example,the amount of water on Earth is limited,this water is cleaned through natural processes.However,the natural processes for filtering water can clean only a certain amount of water by removing the pollution.Likewise,a limited amount of petroleum can be found under the Earth's surface.Petroleum is a valuable resource.Should people use it up to manufacture petrol for automobiles?As people work to control the planet and make life comfortable,are they using up resources that are needed for their survival?

Who use more available resources according to the passage?
A:Rich people on Earth.
B:Poor people on Earth.
C:People in developed countries.
D:People in developing countries.

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第三篇
Alaska
In 1959 Americans welcomed Alaska into the Union as the 49th state,symbolizing a change of attitude from that held in 1867, when the peninsula（半岛）was purchased from Russia.Then, most Americans had little interest in 1,500,000 square kilometers"of icebergs and polar bears"-beyond Canada's western borders,far from the settled areas of the United States.
In those sections of the state which lie above the Arctic Circle,Alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bears.Ice masses lie buried in the earth.From early May until early August,the midnight sun never :ts on this flat,treeless region,but the sun cannot melt the icy soil more than two-thirds of a meter down.
Alaska is America's largest state,but only about 325,000 people live there.According to estimates, 800，000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing but only about 640,000 hectares are being cultivated?
Arctic Alaska has been the home of Eskimos for countless centuries.It is believed that the Eskimos moved there from Mongolia or Siberia,probably crossing Bering Strait,named for Vitus Bering,the Danish ea captain who discovered Alaska on his voyage for Russia in 1741.The Eskimos are the state's earliest known inhabitants.Russian fur traders established settlements but,by the time Alaska was sold to the United States,most of the traders had departed.
In 1896 gold was discovered near the Klondike River in Canada just across the Alaskan border.Thousands of Americans rushed to the region on their way to Klondike;some never returned.Alaska was ,ever completely cut off again,although even today transportation is a major problem.There are only two motor routes from the US mainland,and within the state,every town has its own airfield.Planes fly passengers,mail and freight to the most distant villages.
The gold that changed life so suddenly for Alaska was soon ended,and although many stories about fining camps have become part of American literature,the gold from Alaskan earth contributed less to ,economic progress than the fish from Alaskan waters.The fish?caught in a single year range in value from $80 million to $90 million.Fur一bearing animals are plentiful in the forests and streams,and valuable fur seals inhabit the waters.After fishing,the state's chief industry is lumber and the production of wood pulp（纸浆）.In recent years,Alaska's single most important resource has become oil.The state also has large deposits of coal,copper,gold and other minerals.

Which of the following is true about Alaska?
A:The sun never sets on its land in May.
B:Some of its land is fit for plowing.
C:It is a mountainous land.
D:It has two seasons:spring and winter.

In any country, the "standard ofliving" means the average person′s share of the goods and services whichthe country produces. Therefore, a country′s standard of living depends firstand foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in thissense is not money, but "goods" such as food and clothing, and"services" such as transport and entertainment.
The capacity to produce wealth depends uponmany factors, most of which have an effect on one another. To a great extent,wealth depends upon a country′s natural resources, such as coal, gold, andother minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are wellsupplied with coal and minerals, and some are not.
Next to natural resources comes the abilityto turn them to use. Some countries are perhaps well off in natural resources,but unable to develop their resources. They suffered for many years from civiland external wars. Peaceful political and stable conditions enable a country todevelop its natural resources effectively, and to produce more wealth thananother country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Anotherimportant factor is the technical efficiency of a country′s people.Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers andtechnicians produce wealth more than countries whose workers are largelyunskilled.
A country′s standard of living does notonly depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its ownborders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade.
For instance, Britain′s wealth isfoodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had todepend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplusmanufacture goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products. In thisaspect, a country′s wealth is much influenced by its manufacturing capacity,provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.
The standard of living in a countryis determined by ______.

A.its goods and services
B.the type of wealth produced
C.how well it can create wealth
D.what an ordinary person can share

In any country, the "standard ofliving" means the average person′s share of the goods and services whichthe country produces. Therefore, a country′s standard of living depends firstand foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in thissense is not money, but "goods" such as food and clothing, and"services" such as transport and entertainment.
The capacity to produce wealth depends uponmany factors, most of which have an effect on one another. To a great extent,wealth depends upon a country′s natural resources, such as coal, gold, andother minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are wellsupplied with coal and minerals, and some are not.
Next to natural resources comes the abilityto turn them to use. Some countries are perhaps well off in natural resources,but unable to develop their resources. They suffered for many years from civiland external wars. Peaceful political and stable conditions enable a country todevelop its natural resources effectively, and to produce more wealth thananother country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Anotherimportant factor is the technical efficiency of a country′s people.Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers andtechnicians produce wealth more than countries whose workers are largelyunskilled.
A country′s standard of living does notonly depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its ownborders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade.
For instance, Britain′s wealth isfoodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had todepend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplusmanufacture goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products. In thisaspect, a country′s wealth is much influenced by its manufacturing capacity,provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures. A country′s capacity to produce wealthdepends on all the factors EXCEPT FOR ______

A.people's share of its goods
B.political and social stability
C.qualities of its workers
D.use of natural resources