单选题We may conclude from the passage that ______.A universities’ grants has risen less than 13%B universities are facing serious pension deficitsC universities in the UK are predicting an average surplus of 1. 6% for the end of the financial year, so no ne

Which of the following is true?

What is the controversy revealed in the passage?

A number of colleges and universities have announced steeptuition increases for next year--much steeper than the current, verylow, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because ofa loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common　　　　1．______stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price thatmaximizes its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and　　　　2．______increasingly the outlook of universities in the United States isindistinguishable from those of business firms. The rise in tuitions　　　　3．______may reflect the fact that economic uncertainty increases the demand for　　 4．______education. The biggest cost of being in the school is foregoing　　　　　 　5．______income from a job (this is primarily a factor in graduate andprofessional-school tuition) ; the poor one’s job prospects, the　　　　　 6．______more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more marketable.　　The ways which universities make themselves attractive to　　　　　　 　7．______students include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, givingstudents a governance role, and eliminate required courses.　　　　　　　　 8．______Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students ascustomers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten　　　　　　　9．______the rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost tothem of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumnidonations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education in order toobtain salaries earlier from professional teams. And until they were stoppedby the antitrust authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limitcompetition for the best students, by agreeing not to award scholarshipson the basis of merit rather than purely of need--just like businessfirms agreeing not to give discounts on their best customer.　　　　　　　 10．______

Practice 3　　In-state tuition. For decades, it was the one advantage big state schools had that even the Ivy League couldn’t match, in terms of recruiting the best and the brightest to their campuses. But these days, that’s no longer necessarily the case. Starting this September, some students will find a Harvard degree cheaper than one from many public universities. Harvard officials sent shock waves through academia last December by detailing a new financial-aid policy that will charge families making up to $180,000 just 10 % of their household income per year, substantially subsidizing the annual cost of more than $ 45,600 for all but its wealthiest students. The move was just the latest in what has amounted to a financial-aid bidding war in recent years among the U. S.’s élite universities.　　Though Harvard’s is the most generous to date, Princeton, Yale and Stanford have all launched similar plans to cap tuition contributions for students from low-and middle-income families. Indeed, students on financial aid at nearly every Ivy stand a good chance of graduating debt-free, thanks to loan-elimination programs introduced over the past five years. And other exclusive schools have followed their lead by replacing loans with grants and work-study aid. And several more schools are joining the no-loan club this fall. Even more schools have taken steps to reduce debt among their neediest students.

Passage 5　　This summer sees a significant change to the process of applying to university. It is called “the adjustment period”.　　Despite the rather anodyne name, this is intended as a big step towards a system in which students apply to universities after they have received the results of their A-levels or equivalent qualifications.　　This aim, eventually, is to replace the current system of applications based on predicted grades.　　Three years ago the government said it wanted to introduce “a full post-qualifications application system by 2012”. This is seen as fairer since official figures show that 55% of predicted grades are inaccurate.　　Moreover, according to the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS), predicted grades are more likely to be inaccurate for students from the lowest socio-economic groups.　　There is also evidence that many bright students from poorer homes are put off applying to top universities like Oxford and Cambridge because they think their grades will not be good enough. By the time they receive their better-than-expected results it is too late.　　So, that is why this year there is a significant change. The “adjustment period” will apply to university applicants who, in August, find they have done better than expected in their exams.　　If their grades are better than required for the university offers they are holding, they will now get a further opportunity to apply elsewhere to see if they can, in effect, “upgrade”.　　They will have five days after the results come out to achieve this upgrade. This change means, in theory, an intense period of “speed dating” between top universities and those students who have exceeded exam expectations.　　So far, so good. But here is the rub. Expectations have been raised. A student who, for example, gets three A grades may decide that they could have been more ambitious than the offer they already hold and, buoyed by their success, may then seek a place at a more prestigious university.　　They will get on the phone to a top university, explain their improved grades, and will, quite reasonably, expect to be considered for a place.　　But the reality is that there will rarely be any places left. And this is the flaw in the system. Popular universities are heavily oversubscribed. They do not keep back spare places for last-minute applicants. Nor have they been required to do so for this new “adjustment period”.　　As one senior person at UCAS acknowledged recently, the chance of places remaining available on the most popular courses is “quite remote”. Senior vice-chancellors agree with that assessment.　　Indeed, this time round there is even less prospect than in previous years of there being any places spare on popular courses.　　That is because universities have been busy making offers since the end of last year, but at the start of this year, the government suddenly announced that the planned expansion of places is to be cut back.　　There will now be 5, 000 fewer university places than were envisaged just a few months ago. Since universities face financial penalties if they over-recruit, some will now be wishing to reduce the number of offers they had been planning to make.　　They will not be able to retract offers already made, but they will certainly not be offering additional places for the “adjustment period” in August.　　The result is that students are being hoodwinked. The “adjustment period” looks like a small oasis for those who have done better than expected in their exams. They will expect a reward for their achievement. But they will find it is a mirage.　　So why has this been allowed to happen? The truth is that, despite the government’s enthusiasm for a post-qualifications application system, the universities are reluctant to change the status quo.　　It would mean changes to the school examinations timetable or to university term dates, or a combination of the two. The adjustments need not be that great, particularly as technology has speeded up the pace of exam marking.　　But, for now, there has not been enough political will to force through the change and caution has won the day.　　If, as seems likely, this year’s “adjustment period” results in hardly any applicants managing to upgrade their offers, then the whole issue must be looked at again.　　Either the government should set out a clear timetable towards full post qualification applications or it should admit it does not have the stomach for the change.　　This halfway house looks like a cruel hoax on students.　　1. Who will benefit from the adjustment period and how?　　2. Describe the reason why top universities now have fewer places left than previous years on popular courses.　　3. What can be done to generate a better result from the adjustment period this year? What will be its future?

Which of the following statements can not be used to describe universities in Britain?

The teacher-student _____ in China’s universities is much lower than that in the U.S.

Which of the following can be concluded from the passage?

This report ______.

An adviser said in China（）course should be developed in some Universities, one year at work, one year college.

According to the passage, we may infer that in the future______.

Even though most universities retain the royalties from faculty members’ inventions, the faculty members retain the royalties from books and articles they write. Therefore, faculty members should retain the royalties from the educational computer software they develop.　 The conclusion above would be more reasonably drawn if which of the following were inserted into the argument as an additional premise?