问答题Practice 2　　Until recently, scientists knew little about life in the deep sea, nor had they reason to believe that it was being threatened. Now, with the benefit of technology that allows for deeper exploration, researchers have uncovered a remarkable

Text 3 Up until a few decades ago,our visions of the future were largely-though by no means uniformly-glowingly positive.Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity,leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable,as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us,from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change.You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced.The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years-so why shouldn't we?Take a broader look at our species'place in the universe,and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens,if not hundreds,of thousands of years.Look up Homo sapiens in the"Red List"of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature（IUCN）,and you will read:"Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed,adaptable,currently increasing,and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold?A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question.For example,the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Perhaps willfully,it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future.The potential evolution of today's technology,and its social consequences,is dazzlingly complicated,and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage.That's one reason why we have launched Arc,a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance.As so often,the past holds the key to the future:we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet,and our species,to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad.To be sure,the future is not all rosy.But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans,and to improve the lot of those to come.33.Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?

A.Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.
B.Technology offers solutions to social problem.
C.The interest in science fiction is on the rise.
D.Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.

Text 3 Up until a few decades ago,our visions of the future were largely-though by no means uniformly-glowingly positive.Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity,leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable,as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us,from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change.You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced.The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years-so why shouldn't we?Take a broader look at our species'place in the universe,and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens,if not hundreds,of thousands of years.Look up Homo sapiens in the"Red List"of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature（IUCN）,and you will read:"Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed,adaptable,currently increasing,and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold?A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question.For example,the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Perhaps willfully,it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future.The potential evolution of today's technology,and its social consequences,is dazzlingly complicated,and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage.That's one reason why we have launched Arc,a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance.As so often,the past holds the key to the future:we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet,and our species,to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad.To be sure,the future is not all rosy.But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans,and to improve the lot of those to come.31.Our vision of the future used to be inspired by

A.our desire for lives of fulfillment
B.our faith in science and technology
C.our awareness of potential risks
D.our belief in equal opportunity

共用题干
Pain
All of us have felt pain.We have cut ourselves.We have been burned.Or we have had headaches. Some of us suffer pain rarely.______(46)
Pain can take complete control of our body and mind,making it impossible to move and even to think. Yet we need pain.Without it,we would not know if we have hurt ourselves.It is our body's warning system.______(47) Pain is the most common reason we go to a doctor.It is the most common reason we take medicines.
Until recently,however,most doctors knew of only a few drugs that stopped some pains.______(48)But new knowledge about the process of pain is helping them to control pain better.
Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals.______(49)Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds of pain messages to the brain:one very fast,the other slow.The first message is the warning signal.It moves at a speed of 30 meters a second.In less than a second,the brain understands that part of the body is hurt and
how badly it is injured.______(50)It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.

______(48)
A:And others have painful attacks all the time.
B:These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area , up the spinal cord（脊髓）to the brain , and back down again.
C:It tells us that we are injured and should do something about it.
D:They knew little about the process of pain itself.
E:The other message moves at a g peed of only one meter a second.
F:And they send the second,slower message of pain to the brain.

At the first sight the planet Mars does not appear very welcome to any kind of life．It has very little oxygen and water,the temperature at night is below-50~Cand winds of 100 miles per hour cause severe dust storms．However,the surface of the planet seems to show that water flowed across it some time in the past,and it is believed that there is enough ice at the poles to cover the planet with water if it melts．Although there is no life on the Mars now,some scientists think that there may have been some form of life long time ago．At that time,the planet had active volcanoes;the atmosphere was thicker and warmer;and there was water．In fact,in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the Earth,where life exists.
Some people believe that the Mars could support life in the future if the right conditions were produced．The first step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the Sun's heat in the planet's atmosphere．With warmth,water and carbon dioxide(二氧化碳),simple plants could begin to grow．These plants could slowly make the Mars more suitable for living．It is estimated that the whole process might take between 100,000 and 200,000 years．In the meantime,people could begin to live on the planet in special closed environments．They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars and the problems connected with living there.

Some scientists think there may have been life on the Mars in the past because__.

A.there is no life there now
B.there is a large amount of water at the poles
C.the Mars may be able to support life in the future
D.conditions may have been similar to those on the Earth

共用题干
The Sea

What do you know about the sea?We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it.We
also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind.What other things do we know about it?The
first thing to remember is that the sea is very big.When you look at the map of the world you will find there
is more water than land.The sea covers three quarters of the world.
The sea is also very deep in some places.It is not deep everywhere.Some parts of the sea are very shal-
low.But in some places the depth of the sea is very great.There is one spot,near Japan,where the sea is
nearly 11 kilometers deep!The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high.If that mountain
were put into the sea at that place,there would be 2 kilometers of water above it！What a deep place!
If you have swum in the sea,you know that it is salty.You can taste the salt,Rivers,which fi0w into the
sea.carry salt from the land into the sea.Some parts of the sea are saltier than other parts,There i、one sea,
called the Dead Sea,which is very salty.It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink!Fish cannot live in the
Dead Sea!
In most parts of the sea,there are plenty of fishes and plants.Some live near the top of the sca.Othurs
live deep down.There are millions of tiny living things that float in the sea.These floating things are so small
that it is hard to see them.Many fish live by eating them.
The sea can be very cold.Divers,who go deep down in the sea,know this.On the top the water may be
warm.When the diver goes downwards,the sea becomnes colder and colder. Another thing happens.When the
diver goes deeper,the water above presses down on him.It squeezes him.Then the diver has to wear clothes
made of metal.But he cannot go very deep.Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving
ship!They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it.They went down to a depth of eleven kilometers!

The land takes up 25%of the world.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
The Sea

What do you know about the sea?We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it.We
also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind.What other things do we know about it?The
first thing to remember is that the sea is very big.When you look at the map of the world you will find there
is more water than land.The sea covers three quarters of the world.
The sea is also very deep in some places.It is not deep everywhere.Some parts of the sea are very shal-
low.But in some places the depth of the sea is very great.There is one spot,near Japan,where the sea is
nearly 11 kilometers deep!The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high.If that mountain
were put into the sea at that place,there would be 2 kilometers of water above it！What a deep place!
If you have swum in the sea,you know that it is salty.You can taste the salt,Rivers,which fi0w into the
sea.carry salt from the land into the sea.Some parts of the sea are saltier than other parts,There i、one sea,
called the Dead Sea,which is very salty.It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink!Fish cannot live in the
Dead Sea!
In most parts of the sea,there are plenty of fishes and plants.Some live near the top of the sca.Othurs
live deep down.There are millions of tiny living things that float in the sea.These floating things are so small
that it is hard to see them.Many fish live by eating them.
The sea can be very cold.Divers,who go deep down in the sea,know this.On the top the water may be
warm.When the diver goes downwards,the sea becomnes colder and colder. Another thing happens.When the
diver goes deeper,the water above presses down on him.It squeezes him.Then the diver has to wear clothes
made of metal.But he cannot go very deep.Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving
ship!They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it.They went down to a depth of eleven kilometers!

The deeper one goes down in the sea,the fewer fishes and plants he can find.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

Up until a few decades ago,our visions of the future were largely-though by no means uniformly-glowingly positive.Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity,leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable,as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us,from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change.You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced.The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years-so why shouldn't we?Take a broader look at our species'place in the universe,and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens,if not hundreds,of thousands of years.Look up Homo sapiens in the"Red List"of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature（IUCN）,and you will read:"Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed,adaptable,currently increasing,and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold?A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question.For example,the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Perhaps willfully,it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future.The potential evolution of today's technology,and its social consequences,is dazzlingly complicated,and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage.That's one reason why we have launched Arc,a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance.As so often,the past holds the key to the future:we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet,and our species,to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad.To be sure,the future is not all rosy.But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans,and to improve the lot of those to come.
Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A.Uncertainty about Our Future
B.Evolution of the Human Species
C.The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind
D.Science,Technology and Humanity

Text 3 Up until a few decades ago,our visions of the future were largely-though by no means uniformly-glowingly positive.Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity,leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable,as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us,from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change.You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced.The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years-so why shouldn't we?Take a broader look at our species'place in the universe,and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens,if not hundreds,of thousands of years.Look up Homo sapiens in the"Red List"of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature（IUCN）,and you will read:"Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed,adaptable,currently increasing,and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold?A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question.For example,the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Perhaps willfully,it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future.The potential evolution of today's technology,and its social consequences,is dazzlingly complicated,and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage.That's one reason why we have launched Arc,a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance.As so often,the past holds the key to the future:we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet,and our species,to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad.To be sure,the future is not all rosy.But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans,and to improve the lot of those to come.32.The IUCN’s“Red List”suggest that human being are

A.a sustained species
B.a threaten to the environment
C.the world’s dominant power
D.a misplaced race

共用题干
Cloning（克隆）:Future Pertect?

1 A clone is an exact copy of a plant or animal produced from any one cell.Since Scottish
scientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997,research
into cloning has grown rapidly.In May 1998,scientists in Massachusetts managed to
create two identical calves（牛犊）using cloning technology. A mouse has also been
cloned successfully.But the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago
physicist Richard Seed made a surprising announcement:"We will have managed to clonen
a human being within the next two years."he told the world.
2 Seed's announcement provoked a lot of media attention,most of it negative.In Europe,
nineteen nations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning and in the U.S.
the President announced:"We will be introducing a law to ban all human cloning and many
states in the U.S. will have passed anti-cloning laws by the end of the year."
3 Many researchers are not so negative about cloning.They are worried that laws banning
human cloning will threaten important research.In March,The New England
Joumal of
Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken.Many
researchers also believe that in spite of attempts to ban it,human cloning will have become
routine by 2010 because it is impossible to stop the progress of science.
4 Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world?The public has been
bombarded（轰炸）with newspaper articles , television shows and films , as well as
cartoons.Such information is often misleading,and makes people wonder what on earth
the scientists will be doing next.
5 Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cioning
humans.It could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our
child to look like.But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds,the anti-cloners
ask. Pretty cool , answer the pro-cloners（赞成克隆的人）.

Within ten years scientists will probably have______.
A:the nucleus of a cell
B:cloned human beings
C:a human being in two years
D:a law to ban human cloning
E:a report on human cloning
F:heavy media coverage

共用题干
The Sea

What do you know about the sea?We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it.We
also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind.What other things do we know about it?The
first thing to remember is that the sea is very big.When you look at the map of the world you will find there
is more water than land.The sea covers three quarters of the world.
The sea is also very deep in some places.It is not deep everywhere.Some parts of the sea are very shal-
low.But in some places the depth of the sea is very great.There is one spot,near Japan,where the sea is
nearly 11 kilometers deep!The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high.If that mountain
were put into the sea at that place,there would be 2 kilometers of water above it！What a deep place!
If you have swum in the sea,you know that it is salty.You can taste the salt,Rivers,which fi0w into the
sea.carry salt from the land into the sea.Some parts of the sea are saltier than other parts,There i、one sea,
called the Dead Sea,which is very salty.It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink!Fish cannot live in the
Dead Sea!
In most parts of the sea,there are plenty of fishes and plants.Some live near the top of the sca.Othurs
live deep down.There are millions of tiny living things that float in the sea.These floating things are so small
that it is hard to see them.Many fish live by eating them.
The sea can be very cold.Divers,who go deep down in the sea,know this.On the top the water may be
warm.When the diver goes downwards,the sea becomnes colder and colder. Another thing happens.When the
diver goes deeper,the water above presses down on him.It squeezes him.Then the diver has to wear clothes
made of metal.But he cannot go very deep.Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving
ship!They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it.They went down to a depth of eleven kilometers!

The sea is 6 kilometers in depth on average.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
The Sea

What do you know about the sea?We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it.We
also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind.What other things do we know about it?The
first thing to remember is that the sea is very big.When you look at the map of the world you will find there
is more water than land.The sea covers three quarters of the world.
The sea is also very deep in some places.It is not deep everywhere.Some parts of the sea are very shal-
low.But in some places the depth of the sea is very great.There is one spot,near Japan,where the sea is
nearly 11 kilometers deep!The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high.If that mountain
were put into the sea at that place,there would be 2 kilometers of water above it！What a deep place!
If you have swum in the sea,you know that it is salty.You can taste the salt,Rivers,which fi0w into the
sea.carry salt from the land into the sea.Some parts of the sea are saltier than other parts,There i、one sea,
called the Dead Sea,which is very salty.It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink!Fish cannot live in the
Dead Sea!
In most parts of the sea,there are plenty of fishes and plants.Some live near the top of the sca.Othurs
live deep down.There are millions of tiny living things that float in the sea.These floating things are so small
that it is hard to see them.Many fish live by eating them.
The sea can be very cold.Divers,who go deep down in the sea,know this.On the top the water may be
warm.When the diver goes downwards,the sea becomnes colder and colder. Another thing happens.When the
diver goes deeper,the water above presses down on him.It squeezes him.Then the diver has to wear clothes
made of metal.But he cannot go very deep.Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving
ship!They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it.They went down to a depth of eleven kilometers!

Divers have to use a very strong diving ship when they want to go down to the deepest part of the seamainly because it is extremely cold there.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned