单选题The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are ______.A impolite to new arrivalsB very conscious of their godlike roleC entitled to some privilegesD very busy even during lunch hours

Passage Two
The thought of not sleeping for twenty-four hours or more is not a pleasant one for most people．The amount of sleep that each person needs varies．In general,each of us needs about eight hours of sleep each day to keep our bodies healthy and happy．Some people,however,can get by just a few hours of sleep at night．
It doesn't matter when or how much a person sleeps．But everyone needs some rest to stay alive．Few doctors would have thought that there might be an exception on this．Sleep is,after all,a very basic need．But a man named AI Herpin turned out to be a real exception,for supposedly,he never slept!
A1 Herpin was 90 years old when doctors came to his home in New Jersey．They hoped to negate the claims that he never slept．But they were surprised．Though they watched him every hour of the day,they never saw Herpin sleeping．He did not even own a bed．He never needed one．
The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read a half dozen news-papers．His doctors were baffled by this strange case of permanent insomnia．Herpin offered the only clue to his condition．He remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days be-fore he had been born．Herpin died at the age of 94,never having slept a wink．

The most likely reason on Herpion's insomnia was______

A.his mother's injury before he was born
B.that he never got tired
C.his magnificent physical condition
D.that he got enough rest rocking

There are many stereotypes about the character of people in various parts of the United States．In the Northeast and Midwest,people are said to be closed and private．In the South and West,however,they are often thought of as being more open and hospitable．Ask someone from St．Louis where the nearest sandwich shop is,and he or she will politely give you directions．A New Yorker might eye you at first and after deciding it is safe to talk to you,might give you a rather unexpected explanation．A person from Georgia might be very kind about directing you and even suggest some different places to eat．A Texan just might take you to the place and treat you to lunch.
American stereotypes are abundant．New Englanders are often thought of as being friendly and helpful．Southerners are known for their hospitality and warmth．People from the western part of the United States are often considered very outgoing．These differences in character can be traced to different factors such as climate,living conditions,and historical development.
When travelling from place to place,Americans themselves are often surprised at the differing degrees of friendliness in the United States.

The differences lie in the following except__of the parts.

A.the weather
B.the history
C.geography
D.the names

Whenever you make an overly general statement about another person or about yourself,you are likely to be distorting the facts and conveying very little useful information.This is because most generalizations fail to differentiate between states and traits.A state is a temporary way of being while a trait tends to be a more stable and enduring characteristic or pattern of behavior.So,someone with a character trait of calmness and composure can,under certain circumstances,act agitated and angry because of being in a temporary state that is quite uncharacteristic of his regular style.Hence,"You are selfish"is vague generalization.Indeed,"You are selfish"implies that is quite uncharacteristic of his regular style.Hence,"You are selfish"is vague generalization.Indeed,"You are selfish"implies that the person almost always makes inconsiderate or self-centered choices that disregard the needs and wishes of others.But an occasional selfish act does not make someone selfish across the board because even a very generous person can occasionally be in a state during which he is anything but generous.

共用题干
第二篇

Using Humor Effectively

If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile,you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing,the problems will be different. if you are talking to a group of managers,you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries;alternatively if you are addressing secretaries,you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.
Here is an example,which I heard at a nurses' convention,of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations,beautiful gardens,sunny weather,and so on.Everyone is very peaceful,polite and friendly until,waiting in a line for lunch,the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat,who rushes to the head of the line,grabs his food
and stomps over to a table by himself."Who is that?"the new arrival asked St.Peter."On,that's God,"came the reply,"but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor."
If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties.With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disrespect remarks about their canteen or their chairman.You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.
If you feel awkward being humorous,you must practice so that it becomes more natural.Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's the delivery which causes the audience to smile,so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.
Look for the humor' It often comes from the unexpected.A twist on a familiar quote"If at first you don't succeed,give up"or a play on words or on a situation.Search for exaggeration and understatements.Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.

The joke about doctors implies that,in the eyes of nurses,they are________.
A:impolite to new arrivals
B:very conscious of their godlike role
C:entitled to some privileges
D:very busy even during lunch hours

Passage Two
The thought of not sleeping for twenty-four hours or more is not a pleasant one for most people．The amount of sleep that each person needs varies．In general,each of us needs about eight hours of sleep each day to keep our bodies healthy and happy．Some people,however,can get by just a few hours of sleep at night．
It doesn't matter when or how much a person sleeps．But everyone needs some rest to stay alive．Few doctors would have thought that there might be an exception on this．Sleep is,after all,a very basic need．But a man named AI Herpin turned out to be a real exception,for supposedly,he never slept!
A1 Herpin was 90 years old when doctors came to his home in New Jersey．They hoped to negate the claims that he never slept．But they were surprised．Though they watched him every hour of the day,they never saw Herpin sleeping．He did not even own a bed．He never needed one．
The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read a half dozen news-papers．His doctors were baffled by this strange case of permanent insomnia．Herpin offered the only clue to his condition．He remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days be-fore he had been born．Herpin died at the age of 94,never having slept a wink．

The expression“get by”,in the last sentence of the first paragraph is______

A.a confusing expression
B.a rude expression
C.an everyday expression
D.an improper expression

There are many stereotypes about the character of people in various parts of the United States．In the Northeast and Midwest,people are said to be closed and private．In the South and West,however,they are often thought of as being more open and hospitable．Ask someone from St．Louis where the nearest sandwich shop is,and he or she will politely give you directions．A New Yorker might eye you at first and after deciding it is safe to talk to you,might give you a rather unexpected explanation．A person from Georgia might be very kind about directing you and even suggest some different places to eat．A Texan just might take you to the place and treat you to lunch.
American stereotypes are abundant．New Englanders are often thought of as being friendly and helpful．Southerners are known for their hospitality and warmth．People from the western part of the United States are often considered very outgoing．These differences in character can be traced to different factors such as climate,living conditions,and historical development.
When travelling from place to place,Americans themselves are often surprised at the differing degrees of friendliness in the United States.

New Englanders are often thought of as being__.

A.hospital and warm
B.out going
C.friendly and helpful
D.all of the above

There are many stereotypes about the character of people in various parts of the United States．In the Northeast and Midwest,people are said to be closed and private．In the South and West,however,they are often thought of as being more open and hospitable．Ask someone from St．Louis where the nearest sandwich shop is,and he or she will politely give you directions．A New Yorker might eye you at first and after deciding it is safe to talk to you,might give you a rather unexpected explanation．A person from Georgia might be very kind about directing you and even suggest some different places to eat．A Texan just might take you to the place and treat you to lunch.
American stereotypes are abundant．New Englanders are often thought of as being friendly and helpful．Southerners are known for their hospitality and warmth．People from the western part of the United States are often considered very outgoing．These differences in character can be traced to different factors such as climate,living conditions,and historical development.
When travelling from place to place,Americans themselves are often surprised at the differing degrees of friendliness in the United States.

The main idea of the passage is__.

A.even Americans are surprised at the big differences among themselves
B.there are many differences in character in different parts of the USA
C.there are many reason for the differences
D.stereotypes about people are not necessarily true

Doctors have to be very careful when making a ___.

A.treatment
B.symptom
C.diagnosis
D.patient

共用题干
第一篇

Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale was born in Florence,Italy,while her wealthy English parents
were traveling in Europe.As a child,she traveled to many places with her family and
learned how to speak several languages.
When Nightingale was 17,she told her family that she was going to help sick people.
Her parents did not approve,but Nightingale was determined.
She traveled to hospitals all over Europe.She saw that doctors were working too hard.
She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care.Nightingale felt that
women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people.
Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more,they needed special training in
how to take care of sick people.Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing.
Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called
Gentlewomen During Illness.These women cared for sick people in their homes.
In 1854,England was fighting a war with Russia.War reporters wrote about the
terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded.People demanded that
something be done about it.A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take
some nurses into the war hospitals.So,in November 1854,Nightingale finally got to work
in a hospital.
She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself.
At first,the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their
hospitals.They did not believe that women could help.But in fact,the nurses did make a
difference.They worked around the clock,tending the sick.Thanks to their hard work,
many wounded soldiers survived.
After the war,Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes.Finally,in 1860,
she started the Nightingale School for Nurses.In time,thanks to Florence Nightingale,
nursing became an important part of medicine.

On the battlefields Nightingale and her nurses proved to be
A:as bad as the doctors had expected.
B:quite generous.
C:less than useful.
D:very helpful.