单选题Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively _____ from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.A isolatedB dismissedC distractedD excluded
题目
单选题
Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively _____ from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.
A
isolated
B
dismissed
C
distracted
D
excluded
相似考题
更多“单选题Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively _____ from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.A isolatedB dismissedC distractedD excluded”相关问题
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第1题：
共用题干
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lighthouses hung at harbor en-trances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brew-ster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776 .Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life,they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.
After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1 852 by the United States Lighthouse
Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.Which is the best title for the passage?
A: The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island.
B: The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper.
C: Early Lighthouses in the United States.
D: The Modern Profession of Lighthouse-keeping.答案：C解析：本文从最早美国灯塔的雏形，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作生活。文章所提到的要点都是围绕着美国早期灯塔。选项B、D文中均有涉及，但并非重点。A项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句“The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor.”提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话 "Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule”文中说，由于大多数位于东北地区的灯塔建在岩石高地上，所以，一般灯塔都不需要建得很高很大。所以，正确答案是D。
考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段第八句话，“… like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the coun-try.”我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州Hatteras角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。根据原文第二段第七、八句话“Farther south, from Maryland through the Florida Keys，…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.” 可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达海岸（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland) 和佛罗里达（the Florida Keys）海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项A rocky eminences指的是美国东北海岸，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确条案是C。 -
第2题：
共用题干
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor, Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征 收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life, they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.
After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.Why does the author mention the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
A: It was the headquarters of the United States Lighthouse Board.
B: Many of the tallest lighthouses were built there.
C: The first lantern wicks were developed there.
D: The first lighthouse in North America was built there.答案：D解析：本文从最早美国灯塔的雏形，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作生活。文章所提到的要点都是围绕着美国早期灯塔。选项B、D文中均有涉及，但并非重点。A项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句“The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor”提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话“Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.”文中说，由于大多数位于东北地区的灯塔建在岩石高地上，所以，一般灯塔都不需要建得很高很大。所以，正确答案是D。
考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段第八句话，“…like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the coun-try.”我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州Hatteras角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。根据原文第二段第七、八句话“Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys，…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.”可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达海岸（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland)和佛罗里达（the Florida Keys）海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项A rocky eminences指的是美国东北海岸，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确条案是C。 -
第3题：
共用题干
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor, Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征 收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life, they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.
After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.Which is the best title for the passage?
A: The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island.
B: The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper.
C: Early Lighthouses in the United States.
D: The Modern Profession of Lighthouse-keeping.答案：C解析：本文从最早美国灯塔的雏形，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作生活。文章所提到的要点都是围绕着美国早期灯塔。选项B、D文中均有涉及，但并非重点。A项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句“The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor”提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话“Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.”文中说，由于大多数位于东北地区的灯塔建在岩石高地上，所以，一般灯塔都不需要建得很高很大。所以，正确答案是D。
考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段第八句话，“…like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the coun-try.”我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州Hatteras角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。根据原文第二段第七、八句话“Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys，…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.”可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达海岸（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland)和佛罗里达（the Florida Keys）海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项A rocky eminences指的是美国东北海岸，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确条案是C。 -
第4题：
Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded.Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities,and one person′s utilization does not?reduce the possibilities of anybody else′s enjoying the same good.
Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect.A flood control dam is a public?goods.Once the dam is built,all persons living in the area will benefit--irrespective of their own?contribution to the construction cost of the dam.The same holds tree for highway signs or aids to navigation.Once a lighthouse is built,no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization?of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.National defense is another example.Even a person who voted?against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.
It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with public goods.There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs,sailors for watching a?lighthouse,and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense.Because the market does not provide the necessary signals,economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal?judgement of the marketplace.
Which of the following would NOT be an example of public goods as described in the passage?A.A taxi.
B.A bridge.
C.A fire truck.
D.A stoplight.答案：A解析：【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】从文章第一、二段可知，公共商品是每个人都可免费享用的商品，如水坝，公路标志等。由此推知，四个选项中，桥梁、消防车、交通灯都是公共商品，只有A项不是公共商品。 -
第5题：
共用题干
第二篇
The First Navigational Lights
In the New World,navigational lights were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by"light dues"levied on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.By then there were only a dozen of so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first lighthouses erected on the west coast in the 1850's featured the same basic new England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by.In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Notwithstanding differences in appearance and construction,most American lighthouses shared several features:a light,living quarters and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common. A keeper and usually,the keeper's family.The keeper' s essential task was trimming the lantern wick in order to maintain a steady,bright flame.The earliest keepers came from every walk of life;they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.After the administration of lighthouses was taken over in 1 852 by the United states Lighthouse Board,an agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper gradually became highly professional.Why does the author mention the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
A:The first lantern wicks were developed there.
B:It was the headquarters of the United States Lighthouse Board.
C:Many of the tallest lighthouses were built there.
D:The first lighthouse in North America was built there.答案：D解析：本题考查考生对文章主旨的把握。考的是文章的标题。本文从最早的美国灯塔，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作和生活。文章所提到的要点都围绕着美国早期的灯塔。选项A、B文中均有涉及，但并非重点。D项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
本题考查考生对细节的把握。考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
本题考查考生的推论能力。考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话：Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences , enormous towers were not the rule．由于位于东北地区的灯塔大多建在岩石高地上，所以一般都不需要建得很高大。所以，正确答案是D。
本题考查考生对细节的把握。考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段倒数第一、二句：It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet , it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country．我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州哈特勒斯角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
本题考查考生的推论能力。考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。原文第二段中：Farther south , from Maryland through the Florida Keys , the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country．据此可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛（the Florida Keys）需建同北卡罗来纳州的 Cape Hatteras一样高大的灯塔。由此可以推知北卡罗来纳州（North Carolina）的海岸情况与马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛 ( the Florida Keys）的海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项 A : rocky eminences是美国东北海岸的特点，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确答案是C。 -
第6题：
共用题干
第二篇
The First Navigational Lights
In the New World,navigational lights were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by"light dues"levied on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.By then there were only a dozen of so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first lighthouses erected on the west coast in the 1850's featured the same basic new England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by.In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Notwithstanding differences in appearance and construction,most American lighthouses shared several features:a light,living quarters and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common. A keeper and usually,the keeper's family.The keeper' s essential task was trimming the lantern wick in order to maintain a steady,bright flame.The earliest keepers came from every walk of life;they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.After the administration of lighthouses was taken over in 1 852 by the United states Lighthouse Board,an agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper gradually became highly professional.According to the passage,where can the tallest brick lighthouse in the United States be found?
A:The Florida Keys
B:Cape Cod
C:Cape Hatteras
D:Little Brewster Island.答案：C解析：本题考查考生对文章主旨的把握。考的是文章的标题。本文从最早的美国灯塔，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作和生活。文章所提到的要点都围绕着美国早期的灯塔。选项A、B文中均有涉及，但并非重点。D项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
本题考查考生对细节的把握。考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
本题考查考生的推论能力。考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话：Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences , enormous towers were not the rule．由于位于东北地区的灯塔大多建在岩石高地上，所以一般都不需要建得很高大。所以，正确答案是D。
本题考查考生对细节的把握。考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段倒数第一、二句：It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet , it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country．我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州哈特勒斯角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
本题考查考生的推论能力。考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。原文第二段中：Farther south , from Maryland through the Florida Keys , the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country．据此可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛（the Florida Keys）需建同北卡罗来纳州的 Cape Hatteras一样高大的灯塔。由此可以推知北卡罗来纳州（North Carolina）的海岸情况与马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛 ( the Florida Keys）的海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项 A : rocky eminences是美国东北海岸的特点，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确答案是C。 -
第7题：
共用题干
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor en-trances .The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies .Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the l850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal. Some stood on
pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers there—massive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earli-est keepers came from every walk of life,they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly profes- sional.It can be inferred from the passage that lighthouses in the Northeast did NOT need high tow-ers because______.
A: ships there had high masts
B: coastal waters were safe
C: the coast was straight and unobstructed
D: the lighthouses were built on high places答案：D解析：本文从最早美国灯塔的雏形，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作生活。文章所提到的要点都是围绕着美国早期灯塔。选项B、D文中均有涉及，但并非重点。A项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句“The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor”提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话 “Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.”文中说，由于大多数位于东北地区的灯塔建在岩石高地上，所以，一般灯塔都不需要建得很高很大。所以，正确答案是D。
考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段第八句话，“… like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras… it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the coun-try.”我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州Hatteras角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。根据原文第二段第七、八句话“Farther south, from Maryland through the Florida Keys，…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.” 可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达海岸（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland) 和佛罗里达（the Florida Keys）海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项A rocky eminences指的是美国东北海岸，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确条案是C。 -
第8题：
（） to the lighthouse!
- A、Heading
- B、Head
- C、Forward
- D、Ahead
正确答案:A -
第9题：
单选题Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively _____ from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.Aisolated
Bdismissed
Cdistracted
Dexcluded
正确答案： D解析：
句意：一旦灯塔建立起来，以航海为目的的任何国籍的船只都可以有效地加以利用。整个句子采用了双重否定形式来表示肯定的含义。excluded被排除在外的，符合句意。isolated被孤立，被隔离与from搭配，表示和其他事物隔离，不与之来往等意思，dismissed被某个组织或群体开除或解职，某组织、协会、机构被解散。distracted也可以和from搭配，表示“被转移，被分散”，但一般表示兴趣、注意力的分散。 -
第10题：
单选题The ship（）about 1/2 miles southward of the lighthouse.Amoors
Bmoor
Cis moored
Dmooring
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第11题：
单选题The ship’s bearing is 145°（）the lighthouse.Ain
Bon
Cfrom
Dat
正确答案： D解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
单选题A lighthouse can be identified by its（）.Apainted color
Blight color and phase characteristic
Ctype of structure
DAll of the above
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
共用题干
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lighthouses hung at harbor en-trances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brew-ster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776 .Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life,they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.
After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1 852 by the United States Lighthouse
Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.Why does the author mention the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
A: It was the headquarters of the United States Lighthouse Board.
B: Many of the tallest lighthouses were built there.
C: The first lantern wicks were developed there.
D: The first lighthouse in North America was built there.答案：D解析：本文从最早美国灯塔的雏形，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作生活。文章所提到的要点都是围绕着美国早期灯塔。选项B、D文中均有涉及，但并非重点。A项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句“The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor.”提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话 "Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule”文中说，由于大多数位于东北地区的灯塔建在岩石高地上，所以，一般灯塔都不需要建得很高很大。所以，正确答案是D。
考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段第八句话，“… like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the coun-try.”我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州Hatteras角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。根据原文第二段第七、八句话“Farther south, from Maryland through the Florida Keys，…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.” 可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达海岸（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland) 和佛罗里达（the Florida Keys）海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项A rocky eminences指的是美国东北海岸，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确条案是C。 -
第14题：
共用题干
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor, Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征 收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life, they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.
After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.It can be inferred from the passage that lighthouses in the Northeast did NOT need high towers because______.
A: ships there had high masts
B: coastal waters were safe
C: the coast was straight and unobstructed
D: the lighthouses were built on high places答案：D解析：本文从最早美国灯塔的雏形，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作生活。文章所提到的要点都是围绕着美国早期灯塔。选项B、D文中均有涉及，但并非重点。A项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句“The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor”提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话“Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.”文中说，由于大多数位于东北地区的灯塔建在岩石高地上，所以，一般灯塔都不需要建得很高很大。所以，正确答案是D。
考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段第八句话，“…like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the coun-try.”我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州Hatteras角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。根据原文第二段第七、八句话“Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys，…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.”可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达海岸（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland)和佛罗里达（the Florida Keys）海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项A rocky eminences指的是美国东北海岸，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确条案是C。 -
第15题：
共用题干
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor, Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征 收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life, they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.
After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.According to the passage,where can the tallest brick lighthouse in the United States be found?
A: Little Brewster Island.
B: The Florida Keys.
C: Cape Hatteras.
D: Cape Cod.答案：C解析：本文从最早美国灯塔的雏形，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作生活。文章所提到的要点都是围绕着美国早期灯塔。选项B、D文中均有涉及，但并非重点。A项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句“The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor”提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话“Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.”文中说，由于大多数位于东北地区的灯塔建在岩石高地上，所以，一般灯塔都不需要建得很高很大。所以，正确答案是D。
考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段第八句话，“…like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the coun-try.”我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州Hatteras角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。根据原文第二段第七、八句话“Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys，…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.”可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达海岸（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland)和佛罗里达（the Florida Keys）海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项A rocky eminences指的是美国东北海岸，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确条案是C。 -
第16题：
Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded.Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities,and one person′s utilization does not?reduce the possibilities of anybody else′s enjoying the same good.
Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect.A flood control dam is a public?goods.Once the dam is built,all persons living in the area will benefit--irrespective of their own?contribution to the construction cost of the dam.The same holds tree for highway signs or aids to navigation.Once a lighthouse is built,no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization?of the lighthouse for navigational purposes.National defense is another example.Even a person who voted?against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.
It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with public goods.There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs,sailors for watching a?lighthouse,and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense.Because the market does not provide the necessary signals,economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal?judgement of the marketplace.
Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first two paragraphs?A.Suggestions for the application of an economic concept are offered.
B.Several generalizations are presented from which various conclusions are drawn.
C.Persuasive language is used to argue against a popular idea.
D.A general concept is defined and then examples are given.答案：D解析：【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第一段给出了公共商品的概念，接着第二段又列举了许多公共商品的实例。故选D。
-
第17题：
共用题干
The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor en-trances .The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies .Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the l850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.
Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal. Some stood on
pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers there—massive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earli-est keepers came from every walk of life,they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly profes- sional.Which is the best title for the passage?
A: The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island.
B: The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper.
C:.Early Lighthouses in the United States.
D: The Modern Profession of Lighthouse-keeping.答案：C解析：本文从最早美国灯塔的雏形，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作生活。文章所提到的要点都是围绕着美国早期灯塔。选项B、D文中均有涉及，但并非重点。A项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句“The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor”提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话 “Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.”文中说，由于大多数位于东北地区的灯塔建在岩石高地上，所以，一般灯塔都不需要建得很高很大。所以，正确答案是D。
考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段第八句话，“… like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras… it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the coun-try.”我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州Hatteras角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。根据原文第二段第七、八句话“Farther south, from Maryland through the Florida Keys，…it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.” 可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达海岸（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland) 和佛罗里达（the Florida Keys）海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项A rocky eminences指的是美国东北海岸，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确条案是C。 -
第18题：
共用题干
第二篇
The First Navigational Lights
In the New World,navigational lights were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by"light dues"levied on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.By then there were only a dozen of so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first lighthouses erected on the west coast in the 1850's featured the same basic new England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by.In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Notwithstanding differences in appearance and construction,most American lighthouses shared several features:a light,living quarters and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common. A keeper and usually,the keeper's family.The keeper' s essential task was trimming the lantern wick in order to maintain a steady,bright flame.The earliest keepers came from every walk of life;they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.After the administration of lighthouses was taken over in 1 852 by the United states Lighthouse Board,an agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper gradually became highly professional.What is the best title for this passage?
A: The Life of a lighthouse Keeper.
B:The Modern Profession of lighthouse Keeping.
C:Early Lighthouse in the Unites States.
D: The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island.答案：C解析：本题考查考生对文章主旨的把握。考的是文章的标题。本文从最早的美国灯塔，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作和生活。文章所提到的要点都围绕着美国早期的灯塔。选项A、B文中均有涉及，但并非重点。D项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
本题考查考生对细节的把握。考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
本题考查考生的推论能力。考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话：Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences , enormous towers were not the rule．由于位于东北地区的灯塔大多建在岩石高地上，所以一般都不需要建得很高大。所以，正确答案是D。
本题考查考生对细节的把握。考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段倒数第一、二句：It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet , it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country．我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州哈特勒斯角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
本题考查考生的推论能力。考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。原文第二段中：Farther south , from Maryland through the Florida Keys , the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country．据此可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛（the Florida Keys）需建同北卡罗来纳州的 Cape Hatteras一样高大的灯塔。由此可以推知北卡罗来纳州（North Carolina）的海岸情况与马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛 ( the Florida Keys）的海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项 A : rocky eminences是美国东北海岸的特点，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确答案是C。 -
第19题：
共用题干
第二篇
The First Navigational Lights
In the New World,navigational lights were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by"light dues"levied on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.By then there were only a dozen of so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.
The first lighthouses erected on the west coast in the 1850's featured the same basic new England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by.In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.
Notwithstanding differences in appearance and construction,most American lighthouses shared several features:a light,living quarters and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common. A keeper and usually,the keeper's family.The keeper' s essential task was trimming the lantern wick in order to maintain a steady,bright flame.The earliest keepers came from every walk of life;they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.After the administration of lighthouses was taken over in 1 852 by the United states Lighthouse Board,an agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper gradually became highly professional.We can know from the passage that the coast of North Carolina is______.
A:rocky eminences
B:high and flat
C:low and sandy
D:high and sandy答案：C解析：本题考查考生对文章主旨的把握。考的是文章的标题。本文从最早的美国灯塔，谈到美国早期灯塔的建筑，以及美国早期灯塔在外形和建筑上的共同点，最后还谈到了灯塔管理人员的工作和生活。文章所提到的要点都围绕着美国早期的灯塔。选项A、B文中均有涉及，但并非重点。D项只提到了美国第一座灯塔。所以，正确答案是C。
本题考查考生对细节的把握。考的具体细节是作者提到马萨诸塞湾殖民地的原因。本文第一段第二句The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor提供了答案。所以，正确答案是D。
本题考查考生的推论能力。考的是位于东北地区的灯塔建得不是很高的原因。本题的线索在第二段第三句话：Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences , enormous towers were not the rule．由于位于东北地区的灯塔大多建在岩石高地上，所以一般都不需要建得很高大。所以，正确答案是D。
本题考查考生对细节的把握。考的具体细节是最高的砖砌灯塔位于什么地方。依据原文第二段倒数第一、二句：It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet , it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country．我们可以得知，1870年建于北卡罗来纳州哈特勒斯角的灯塔是美国最高的砖砌灯塔，高度为190英尺。所以，正确答案是C。
本题考查考生的推论能力。考的是北卡罗来纳州的海岸情况。原文第二段中：Farther south , from Maryland through the Florida Keys , the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country．据此可知，马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛（the Florida Keys）需建同北卡罗来纳州的 Cape Hatteras一样高大的灯塔。由此可以推知北卡罗来纳州（North Carolina）的海岸情况与马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛（the Florida Keys）相似，而马里兰（Maryland）和佛罗里达群岛 ( the Florida Keys）的海岸是low and sandy。所以，北卡罗来纳州也应是low and sandy。选项 A : rocky eminences是美国东北海岸的特点，选项B、D根本没有提及。所以，正确答案是C。 -
第20题：
问答题Passage 2 Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be 1 excluded. Everybody is free to 2 the benefits of these commodities, and one person’s utilization 3 the possibilities of 4 enjoying 5 . Examples of public goods are not 6 one might expect. A flood control dam is public goods. Once the dam is built, 7 living in the area will benefit 8 their own contribution 9 the construction cost of the dam. The same 10 true for highway signs or aids to navigations. Once a 1ighthouse is built, 11 _ ship of 12 nationality can be effectively excluded from the13the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. 14 a person who voted against military expenditures or 15 taxes 16 the protection afforded. It is no easy task to17the social costs and social benefits associated with a public good. There is 18 way of 19 drivers for 100 at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense. 20 the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal judgment of the market place.1. A. efficiently B. effectively C. effectually D. absolutely2. A. have B. enjoy C. concern D. contribute3. A. will reduce B. will enhance C. does not reduce D. does not exclude4. A. anybody’s B. somebody else’s C. anybody else’s D. whoever5. A. the benefit goods B. the peculiar goods C. the same goods D. his goods6. A. as same as B. as rare as C. as far as D. as good as7. A. some people B. the native people C. all the people D. the common people8. A. regarding B. irrespective of C. by virtue of D. considering9. A. for B. on C. towards D. to10. A. holds B. has C. grasps D. carries11. A. any B. a C. the D. no12. A. any B. a C. some D. no13. A. enjoying B. sharing C. catching sight of D. utilization of14. A. If B. When C. Once D. Even15. A. has paid B. has not paid C. paid D. did not pay16. A. could benefit from B. will benefit from C. couldn’t benefit from D. won’t benefit from17. A. calculate B. collect C. determine D. investigate18. A. an advisable B. a practicable C. no advisable D. no practicable19. A. charging B. estimating C. calculating D. controlling20. A. Because B. Even C. However D. Surprisingly正确答案： 1.B effectively 意为“有效地,能够产生效应地。事实上,实际上”。根据上下文只有此项可选。efficiently“有效地,效率高地”。effectually“有效地;有法律效力地;全然”。absolutely“完全地,绝对地”。
2.B 本句是承接首句“Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment …”继续描述公共设施应是被公众享用的,故选enjoy“享有”。下文the benefits of these commodities。若选A项,则为have the benefits“有…益处”。 concern常用be concerned with sth.“关心,关注某事。”contribute“捐献,贡献。”
3.C does not reduce 意为“不降低”。讲一般道理时用一般现在时。且根据上文,此处应是表达“一个人利用这些公共商品不应降低其他人利用它们的可能性。”
4.C anybody else’s“别的任何人的”。anybody’s“任何人的”,逻辑不通,因为任何人是指所有的人,也包括了前边提到的one person。somebody else’s“别的某个人的”,范围较小。Whoever意为“无论哪个人的”。
5.C 本文既然讲的是 Public goods,那么就应是大家享用的同一物品或设施,此句的意思是“别的任何人享有同一商品的可能性。”
6.B 此句是要举例说明公共商品的享有。用not as rare as one might expect来表示有很多这类例子。
7.C 文章首段就是在强调公共物品被所有人使用,据上文思路,此句意义应为“住在该地区的所有的人都能享有益处。”
8.B 此处强调的仍是共同享有的权利,因此用irrespective of“无论,不管”,表示:人人都能享有益处,无论他们为大坝的修建作了多大的贡献。A项应为regardless of“无论,不管”。by virtue of“依靠,由于”。Considering“鉴于,考虑到”。
9.D contribution to sth.为固定用法,表示“对…的贡献”。
10.A the same holds true for sth.“对于…来说道理同样如此”。
11.D 本句后面提到can be effectively excluded from,此处应与文章首句对应,故选no,表示“没有船只可以被排除在外”。
12.A 用any表示“任何一个”。
13.D utilization of“利用”。导航的灯塔不能享有,只能利用,因此排除A项。Sharing“分享,共同占有”。catch sight of“瞥见”。
14.D 由voted against“反对”和the protection afforded“提供的保护”可知,此处说明的是程度递进的情况,因此用even。句意:甚至一个人投票反对军费开支或不交税都可以享有保护。
15.D 并列连词前后结构相同,意义相关。or前已用了一般过去时,因此并列分句中也用此时态。
16.B 据上下文意义,应该用肯定句,排除选项C、D。could do sth.表示过去有此可能性,但往往没有做到。
17.C determine“确定”。计算成本不难,要确定哪些成本效益需要计算才是件难事,因此排除calculate“计算”。collect“收集”。investigate“调查研究”。
18.D 此题采用排除法,此处若用肯定形式,那么接下来介绍的就应是这种方法,据此排除选项A、B。若选C项,则前面应提到一种方法,故排除C项。本题答案是D项,表示“没有一种切实可行的方法”。advisable“可取的;适当的”。practicable“切实可行的”。
19.A 由上文句意以及后面的for可判断此处应选charge“收费”,charge sb. some money for sth. 表示“因为…而收取某人多少费用”。estimate“估计”。calculate“计算”。control“控制”。
20.A 由于通常不能直接用于连接两个单句,此句与下一句之间应该是主从句关系。选项中只有A项能作从句连词,且意义相符。解析： 暂无解析 -
第21题：
单选题“Keep （）to the lighthouse”, said the pilot.Adirectly
Bstraight
Cstraightly
Ddirect
正确答案： A解析： 暂无解析 -
第22题：
单选题Your（）is 175 degrees from the lighthouse.Abearing
Bposition
Clocation
Dplace
正确答案： D解析： 暂无解析 -
第23题：
单选题（） to the lighthouse!AHeading
BHead
CForward
DAhead
正确答案： D解析： 暂无解析 -
第24题：
单选题Your（）is 175°from the lighthouse.Abearing
Bposition
Clocation
Dplace
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析