单选题The mass production of goods from the Industrial Revolution in the 1800’s made person-to-person selling less efficient than mass distribution.A influential B effective C sensible D frequent

Practice 3　　The shotgun marriage of chemistry and engineering called “Nanotechnology” is ushering in the era of serf-replicating machinery and serf-assembling consumer goods made from cheap raw atoms.　　Nanotechnology is molecular manufacturing or, more simply, building things one atom or molecule at a time with programmed baroscopic robot arms. A nanometer is one billionth of a meter (3-4 atoms wide).　　Utilizing the well understood chemical properties of atoms and molecules (how they “stick” together), nanotechnology proposes the construction of novel molecular devices possessing extraordinary properties. The trick is to manipulate atoms individually and place them exactly where needed to produce the desired structure. This ability is almost in our grasp. The anticipated payoff for mastering this technology is far beyond any human accomplishment so far.　　By treating atoms as discrete, bit-like objects, molecular manufacturing will bring a digital revolution to the production of material objects. Working at the resolution limit of matter, it will enable the ultimate in miniaturization and performance. By starting with cheap, abundant components-molecules-and processing them with small, high-frequency, high-productivity machines, it will make products inexpensive. Design computers that each executes more instructions per second than all of the semiconductor CPUs in the world combined.　　Nanotechnology will reverse the harm done by the industrial revolution. Imagine being able to cure cancer by drinking a medicine stirred into your favorite fruit juice. Imagine a supercomputer no bigger than a human cell Imagine a four-person, surface-to-orbit spacecraft no larger or more expensive than the family car. These are just a few products expected from nanotechnology.　　Humanity will be faced with a powerful, accelerated social revolution as a result of nanotechnology. In the near future, a team of scientists will succeed in constructing the first nano-sized robot capable of self-replication. Within a few short years, and five billion trillion nano-robots later, virtually all present industrial processes will be obsolete as well as our contemporary concept of labor. Consumer goods will become plentiful, inexpensive, smart, and durable. Medicine will take a quantum leap forward, space travel and colonization will become safe and affordable.　　For these and other reasons, global life styles will change radically and human behavior will be drastically impacted. The world is on the brink of a new technological revolution beyond any human experience. A new, more powerful industrial revolution capable of bringing wealth, health, and education, without pollution, to every person on the planet. No longer will forest need to be cut or smoke spewed into the air. This is the promise of nanotechnology.　　A nanometer is one billionth of a meter. That’s a thousand, million times smaller than a meter. If you blew up a baseball to the size of the earth, the atoms would become visible, about the size of grapes. Some 3-4 atoms fit lined up inside a nanometer.

Consequences of the Industrial Revolution

In regard to the production of goods in greater quantities, the author states that______.

Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between （）and （）

During the Industrial Revolution people began to like to have a tan because it was a sign of______.

What is the best title for this passage? ______.

From the passage we know that the Industrial Revolution ______.

According to the passage, the Industrial Revolution is responsible for the following results except ______.

The Industrial Revolution (1780-1830)

Passage 2　　A land free from destruction, wealth, natural resources, and labor supply--all these were important  1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.  2 they were not enough. Something  3 was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special", was men-- creative individuals who could invent machines, find new sources of power, and  4 business organizations to reshape the society.　　The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution  5  from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were  6 inventors than scientists. A man who is a pure scientist is primarily interested in doing his research accurately. He is not necessarily working  7 that his findings can be used.　　An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something  8 has a concrete use. He tries to solve a problem by following the theories of science or by experimenting  9 trial and error. Regardless  10  his method, he is working to obtain a specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives.　　Most of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were  11 . A  12 were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training  13 science might have made their inventions, 14   a groundwork had been laid by scientists years  15  .