问答题Power and Cooperation: An American Foreign Policy for the Age of Global Politics The age of geopolitics in American foreign policy is over; the age of global politics has begun. Throughout the twentieth century, traditional geopolitics drove U. S. thi
题目
问答题
Power and Cooperation: An American Foreign Policy for the Age of Global Politics The age of geopolitics in American foreign policy is over; the age of global politics has begun. Throughout the twentieth century, traditional geopolitics drove U. S. thinking on foreign affairs: American security depended on preventing any one country from achieving dominion over the Eurasian landmass. That objective was achieved with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Now the United States finds itself confronting a new international environment, one without a peer competitor but that nonetheless presents serious threats to American security. The terrorists who struck the World Trade Center and the Pentagon neither represented a traditional state-based threat nor were tied to a specific geographical location. Nevertheless, nineteen people with just a few hundred thousand dollars succeeded in harming the most powerful nation on earth. For more than three centuries, the dynamics of world politics was determined by the interplay among states, especially the great powers. Today, world politics is shaped by two unprecedented phenomena that are in some tension with each other. One is the sheer predominance of the United States. Today, as never before, what matters most in international politics is how—and whether—Washington acts on any given issue. The other is globalization, which has unleashed economic, political, and social forces that are beyond the capacity of any one country, including the United States, to control. American primacy and globalization bring the United States great rewards as well as great dangers. Primacy gives Washington an unsurpassed ability to get its way in international affairs, while globalization enriches the American economy and spreads American values. But America’s great power and the penetration of its culture, products, and influence deep into other societies breed intense resentment and grievances. Great power and great wealth do not necessarily produce greater respect or greater security. American leaders and the American people are now grappling with the double-edged sword that is the age of global politics.
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【参考译文】
权力与合作:全球政治时代美国的外交政策 美国外交政策的地缘政治时代已经结束,全球政治的时代已初露端倪。整个20世纪,传统的地缘政治是美国外交事务的基点:美国的安全在于阻止任何其他国家在亚欧大陆上取得主导地位。这一目标随着苏联的解体而最终得以实现。如今,美国人发现,自己所处的国际新环境中虽然没有可以与之匹敌的国家,但是却存在着对美国安全的严重威胁。袭击世贸中心和五角大楼的恐怖分子,既不是传统的基于国家的威胁,也不能被锁定在某个特定的地理区域。然而,19个人用了区区几十万美元,便成功地对这个世界上最强大的国家造成了伤害。
三个多世纪以来,世界政治动态始终取决于国家间、尤其是大国间的互动关系。今天,主导世界政治格局的则是两大前所未有、且彼此间保持着某种张力的现象。其一是美国不容置疑的主导作用。国际政治从来没有像今天这样,取决于华盛顿对任何问题的反应。其二是全球化。全球化在经济、政治及社会领域所释放出的力量,没有任何一个国家——包括美国——能将之置于自己的控制之下。
美国的老大地位和全球化给美国带来了巨大的利益,也带来了重大的危险。老大地位给了华盛顿无可超越的能力,在国际事务中为所欲为;而全球化使美国经济更加强大,并使美国的价值观得以传播。然而美国的强大、文化产品的渗透,及对其他国家的深入影响却招致了政体强烈的憎恨和不平。大国地位和巨大的财富并不一定能带来更多的尊敬或更多的安全感。美国的领导者和美国人民正在为如何使用全球政治时代这把双刃剑而费神。
权力与合作:全球政治时代美国的外交政策 美国外交政策的地缘政治时代已经结束,全球政治的时代已初露端倪。整个20世纪,传统的地缘政治是美国外交事务的基点:美国的安全在于阻止任何其他国家在亚欧大陆上取得主导地位。这一目标随着苏联的解体而最终得以实现。如今,美国人发现,自己所处的国际新环境中虽然没有可以与之匹敌的国家,但是却存在着对美国安全的严重威胁。袭击世贸中心和五角大楼的恐怖分子,既不是传统的基于国家的威胁,也不能被锁定在某个特定的地理区域。然而,19个人用了区区几十万美元,便成功地对这个世界上最强大的国家造成了伤害。
三个多世纪以来,世界政治动态始终取决于国家间、尤其是大国间的互动关系。今天,主导世界政治格局的则是两大前所未有、且彼此间保持着某种张力的现象。其一是美国不容置疑的主导作用。国际政治从来没有像今天这样,取决于华盛顿对任何问题的反应。其二是全球化。全球化在经济、政治及社会领域所释放出的力量,没有任何一个国家——包括美国——能将之置于自己的控制之下。
美国的老大地位和全球化给美国带来了巨大的利益,也带来了重大的危险。老大地位给了华盛顿无可超越的能力,在国际事务中为所欲为;而全球化使美国经济更加强大,并使美国的价值观得以传播。然而美国的强大、文化产品的渗透,及对其他国家的深入影响却招致了政体强烈的憎恨和不平。大国地位和巨大的财富并不一定能带来更多的尊敬或更多的安全感。美国的领导者和美国人民正在为如何使用全球政治时代这把双刃剑而费神。
解析：
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更多“问答题Power and Cooperation: An American Foreign Policy for the Age of Global Politics The age of geopolitics in American foreign policy is over; the age of global politics has begun. Throughout the twentieth century, traditional geopolitics drove U. S. thi”相关问题
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第1题：
17 ) SQL 中， " AGE IN （ 15 ， 35 ) " 短语的正确含义是
A ) AGE = 1 5 AND AGE = 35
B ) AGE = 1 5 OR AGE = 35
C ) AGE < = 35 AND AGE > = 15
D ) AGE < 3 5 AND AGE > 15
正确答案：B
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第2题：
Now read the passageand decide if the following statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). HELPING INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS MAKE FRIENDS One study in the United States found that thirty-eight percent of foreign students said they had no close American friends. Elisabeth Gareis teaches in the Department of Communication Studies at Baruch College in New York. She says efforts on how to improve relationships between foreign and American students have yet to be studied in detail. But she says these efforts should begin with the college or university, and that these institutions have been working harder. Ms. Gareis suggests that students should be encouraged to take part in different activities, such as taking walks, going on bike rides, field or camping trips, and attending parties, sporting events or film festivals. She says such activities should be held repeatedly throughout the school term to bring students together. She also suggests that foreign students share housing with American students. She says if the new students make friends as they begin school, they will come to feel part of the life and traditions of the university, as well as create long lasting friendships throughout their university career.
1. A study showed that 38% foreign students had many close American friends.()
2. Universities have been working on improving the relationships between foreign and American students.()
3.Ms. Gareis thinks taking part in some activities is a good way to improve the relationship.()
4.Ms. Gareis says the activities shouldn’t be held repeatedly throughout the term.()
5.Making friends when they begin school is helpful for the students to create long lasting friendships.()
参考答案：1:F; 2:T; 3:T; 4:F; 5:T
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第3题：
Travel, age and politics are appropriate topics of conversation in the UK.()此题为判断题(对，错)。
正确答案：False
解析：参考译文：在英国，旅行、年龄和政治都是谈话的合适话题。【知识点来源：Unit 5】陈述错误。在英国，年龄和政治都不宜作为谈话的主题。
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第4题：
共用题干
第二篇
The American Industry
A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap,but if properly handled,it may become a driving force.When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War,it had a market eight times larger than any competitor,giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale.Its scientists were the world's best,its workers the most skilled.America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.
It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably,the retreat from predominance proved painful.By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness.Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics,had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition.By 1987 there was only one American television maker left,Zenith.(Now there is none:Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July.)Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America's machine-tool industry was on the ropes.For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors,which America had which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.
All of this caused a crisis of confidence.Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted.They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing,and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of America's industrial decline.Their sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas.
How things have changed!In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle.Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride."American industry has changed its structure,has gone on a diet,has learnt to be more quick-witted,"according to Richard Cavanagh,executive dean of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government,"It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our businesses are improving their productivity,"says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute,a think-tank in Washington,DC.And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will look back on this period as"a golden age of business management in the United States."What does"the American industry has gone on a diet"mean?
A:Employees in the American industry are on a diet.
B:The American industry has reduced redundant staff.
C:The American industry has shrunk.
D:The American industry has been made more efficient.答案：B解析：第一段指出，“第二次世界大战后，美国就进入了这样的一个辉煌的历史时期。它拥有比任何竞争者大八倍的市场，这使其工业经济规模前所未有。它的科学家是世上最优秀的，它的工人是技术最好的。美国及其民众的富庶是那些经济遭到战争破坏的欧洲人和亚洲人连做梦也不敢想的”。因此利用排除法，确定答案是C。
A选项错误，因为第二段中说“到1987年，美国只剩下Zenith这一家电视生产商（现在这一家也没有了：Zenith于7月被韩国LG电子公司收购）。”说明它连国内市场也保不住了。B选项错误，文中第二段最后一句提到，“有一段时间，下一个栖牲品看起来似乎该轮到美国的半导体制造业了……”，可是事实上没有。C选项中谈到的机床业已经自取灭亡的说法错误，因为文中提到机床制造业“岌岌可危”(on the ropes)，但是还没有灭亡。D选项是合适的，因为第二段第六句提到，“进口车和纺织品横扫国内市场”。
第三段提到，“所有这一切导致了信心危机。美国人不再视繁荣为理所当然之事。他们开始怀疑自己的商业经营方式出了问题，也怀疑不久他们的收入就会下降。20 世纪80年代中期人们对美国工业衰退的原因作了一次又一次的调查。那些有时耸人听闻的结果充斥着海外竞争加剧的预警”。第四段提到了90年代的经济复苏。其中的含义是：在竞争的压力下，美国人在80年代调整产业结构，美国的工业已经改变了结构，消除了滞胀，变得更机智，因此带来了90年代的经济复苏。因此，可以得出推论：激烈的竞争会导致经济的发展。另外三个选项都不合适。
在第四段，作者指出，"1995年，美国可以对过去五年的稳步发展作一回顾，而日本还在奋力挣扎。很少有美国人将这一巨变单纯归因于美元贬值或商业周期循环这些显而易见的原因。如今，对自身的怀疑已被盲目乐观所取代”。这里作者实际上对当前美国人的盲目乐观情绪进行了批评，认为20世纪90年代的增长是由美元贬值或经济周期的转机等因素造成的。选项B是“Richard Cavanagh”的看法。选项C是“Stephen Moore”的看法。选项D文中没有提及。
本题考查的是细节部分理解能力。原文是指美国工业在20世界90年代通过消除机构臃肿得到发展。选项A明显不正确。选项B是最接近原文意思的，指“美国工厂裁减多余的员工，精简机构”。选项C指“美国工业衰减”，不符合题意。选项D只是概括地说“美国工业效率提高”，并没有具体指出原因。因此本题选B。 -
第5题：
共用题干
第一篇
The Development of PR
The rise of multinational corporations,global marketing,new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.
Surprisingly,since modern PR was largely an American invention,the US leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries.Ten years ago,for example,the world's top five public relations agencies were American-owned.In 1991,only one was.The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative.A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate planning activities,compared to about one-third of US companies.It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.
Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race?Firstly,Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provinciel and take more of an interest in local affairs.Knowledge of world geography,for example,has never been strong in this country.Secondly,American lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language.Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshall's US employees know two languages.Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage.Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language.Finally,people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs.In the financial PR area,for instance,most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas,their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist,publications not often read in this country.
Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN(Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word"foreign"would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts.According to Turner,global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?
A:The American PR industry should develop global communication technologies.
B:People involved in PR should avoid using the word"foreign".
C:American PR companies should be more internationally minded.
D:People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages.答案：C解析：从文章的第一段可以判断A、C、D所涉及的三点是公共关系业迅速发展和增长的原因，与题意不符。根据第二段的内容可以肯定B为正确答案。
词汇题，文中说到美国雇员的地理知识从来就不是那么优秀，可见provincial应具有与local类似的意思，四个选项中：D“狭隘的世界观”最为贴切；选项B“对世界金融事务感兴趣”与以上分析相矛盾；选项A和C无从推测。
具体见文章第二段。
从第三段最后两句可以判断美国人不如他们的欧洲及亚洲同行阅读广泛，掌握第二外语的人数比例也低于外国同行，所以选项A和B不正确；世界地理知识方面了解不多不能说明他们在地理知识方面无知，所以C错误，第二段提到“the British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative”从反面证明美国公司在公共关系方面如他们的欧洲同行，所以D正确。
根据Ted Turner".the word 'foreign' would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts"，可见CNN的发展方向要放眼全世界，把世界作为自己的事业的着眼点，因此可以判断C为正确答案。 -
第6题：
Our foreign trade policy is based（）equality nad mutual benefit.
正确答案:on/upon -
第7题：
短文互译：From English into Chinese A joint venture is a form. of business organization undertaken by two or more parties. It is China’s Policy to enter into joint ventures with foreign enterprises in order to expand international economic cooperation and technologi.
正确答案: 合资企业是由两家或多家出资方组成的企业组织形式。与外商兴办合资企业以扩大国际经济合作与技术交流是中国的一项政策。根据中国合资企业法，合资企业须采取股份有限公司的形式。合资企业的盈亏须按合资各方在注册资金中的出资比例来分摊。 -
第8题：
How do you apply UTM enforcement to security policies on the branch SRX series?（）
- A、UTM profiles are applied on a security policy by policy basis.
- B、UTM profiles are applied at the global policy level.
- C、Individual UTM features like anti-spam or anti-virus are applied directly on a security policy by policy basis.
- D、Individual UTM features like anti-spam or anti-virus are applied directly at the global policy level.
正确答案:A -
第9题：
问答题短文互译：From English into Chinese A joint venture is a form. of business organization undertaken by two or more parties. It is China’s Policy to enter into joint ventures with foreign enterprises in order to expand international economic cooperation and technologi.正确答案： 合资企业是由两家或多家出资方组成的企业组织形式。与外商兴办合资企业以扩大国际经济合作与技术交流是中国的一项政策。根据中国合资企业法，合资企业须采取股份有限公司的形式。合资企业的盈亏须按合资各方在注册资金中的出资比例来分摊。解析： 暂无解析 -
第10题：
单选题A foreign graduate student who applies for immigrant status must have ______.Aa U. S. employer’s sponsorship.
Bfinancial capital to create ten jobs.
Ca job in an American company.
Dthe help of an immigration lawyer.
正确答案： C解析：
细节理解题。根据题干信息定位到第三段，可知现在获得博士学位后希望留在美国的大学毕业生必须得到他们雇主的担保，A选项符合文意；根据第二段中的“A foreigner who invests one million dollars in a commercial enterprise established…status”可知，那些能够带来一定数额的金融资本（这些金融资本能够创造就业机会）的外国公民可以获得移民身 份，外国大学毕业生申请移民资格的不一定要一定数额的金融资本，故B 选项错误；根据第四段第五句“But things may not go right…an immigration lawyer”可知，情况可能不会那么顺利：在每个阶段都可能出现问题。因此，雇主或者移民申请人必须雇佣一个负责处理移民事务的律师，即只有当移民申请过程中遇到问题时才需要律师的帮助，故D选项错误。所以本题答案为A项。 -
第11题：
单选题As an autobiographical play, O’Neill’s _____ (1956) has gained its status as a world classic and simultaneously marks the climax of his literary career and the coming of age of American drama.AThe Iceman Cometh
BLong Day’s Journey Into Night
CThe Hairy Ape
DDesire Under the Elms
正确答案： C解析：
《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》是尤金·奥尼尔的一部具有鲜明独特的自传性的戏剧作品。故选B。 -
第12题：
单选题_____, the new president is more likely to give economic and trade issues priority over foreign policy.AThe cold war being over
Bthe cold war had over
CWith the cold war was over
DWith the cold war has been over
正确答案： C解析：
句意：随着冷战的结束，这位新上任的总统更有可能把经济贸易问题摆在首位，而不是对外政策。句中因为分词being over的逻辑主语与后句主语president不一致，故使用“名词＋分词”的独立主格结构。 -
第13题：
By law any natural－born American citizen of any over years of age () can run for the presidency.A.thirty three
B.thirty four
C.thirty five
D.thirty six
正确答案: C
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第14题：
the prime minister and cabinet decide on the general direction of britain’s foreign policy. ()
参考答案：正确
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第15题：
The fact that "almost one-fourth of engineers in America who earned Ph.D． s are foreign born" implies that（ ）
[A] the majority of American people are not interested in getting Ph.D．
[B]foreign students are more eager to get Ph. D．
[C] the American education has lagged behind in the New Economy
[D]American students are not as clever as foreign students
正确答案：C
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第16题：
The CEO of the company has been consistent ________ his policy associated with foreign investments over the last few years.A.of
B.with
C.at
D.for答案：B解析： -
第17题：
The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to “save American ( )”A.economy
B.democracy
C.society
D.politics答案：A解析：美国历史。题目考查罗斯福总统实施“新政”的目的。1929-1933年，美国遭遇了经济大萧条(TheGreat Expression)，1932年罗斯福当选总统后实施“新政”，目的就是为了拯救美国的经济。 -
第18题：
与WHERE AGE BETWEEN 18 AND 23完全等价的是（）
- A、WHERE AGE＞18AND AGE＜23
- B、WHERE AGE＞＝18AND AGE＜23
- C、WHERE AGE＞18AND AGE＜＝23
- D、WHERE AGE＞＝18AND AGE＜＝23
正确答案:D -
第19题：
Refer to Cisco IOS Zone-Based Policy Firewall， where will the inspection policy be applied？（）
- A、to the zone-pair
- B、to the zone
- C、to the interface
- D、to the global service policy
正确答案:A -
第20题：
You need to design a password policy that meets business requirements. What should you do？ Select all that apply.（）
- A、Increase the number of passwords that are remembered
- B、Disable reversible encryption
- C、Set the minimum password age to zero days
- D、Increase the maximum password age
正确答案:A,C -
第21题：
判断题Johnny Carson’s entertaining show even had some influence on American politics.A对
B错
正确答案： 错解析：
]推理判断题。录音中指出Johnny Carson坚持认为他的表演纯粹是娱乐性的，而“his monologues were carefully monitored by politicians mindful that no politician who became a frequent target of Johnny Carson could long survive in public life”，表明他的独白被政客们严密监控，因为这些政客们认为那些被Johnny Carson盯上的政客不久就会退出政坛。由此可见，题干所描述的“Johnny Carson的娱乐表演甚至对美国政治产生一定影响”与；录音原文相符。
【录音原文】
Johnny Carson insisted that the only message of his show was entertainment. But his credibility with the American public was such that his monologues were carefully monitored by politicians mindful that no politician who became a frequent target of Johnny Carson could long survive in public life. -
第22题：
问答题Helen is twenty years old, and her age is four times as much as Mary’s. When Helen’s age is twice as much as Mary’s, how old is Helen then?正确答案： Thirty years old解析：
海伦20岁了，他的年龄是玛丽年龄的4陪，由此可知玛丽的年龄是5岁。设ⅹ年后海伦的年龄是玛丽年龄的2倍，则20+ⅹ=2（5+ⅹ），得ⅹ=10。十年后玛丽的年龄为30岁。 -
第23题：
问答题Practice 2 Until early in this century, the isolationist tendency prevailed in American foreign policy. Then two factors projected America into world affairs: its rapidly expanding power, and the gradual collapse of the international system centered on Europe, the watershed presidencies marked this progression: Theodore Roosevelt’s and Woodrow Wilson’s. These men held the reins of government when world affairs were drawing a reluctant nation into their vortex. Both recognized that America had a crucial role to play in world affairs though they justified its emergence from isolation with opposite philosophies. Roosevelt was a sophisticated analyst of the balance of power. He insisted on an international role for America because its national interest demanded it, and because a global balance of power was inconceivable to him without American participation. For Wilson, the justification of America’s international role was messianic: America had an obligation, not to the balance of power, but to spread its principles throughout the world. During the Wilson’s Administration, America emerged as a key player in world affairs, proclaiming principles which, while reflecting the truisms of American though, nevertheless marked a revolutionary departure for Old World diplomats. These principles held that peace depends on the spread of democracy, that states should be judged by the same ethical criteria as individuals, and that the national interest consists of adhering to a universal system of law.正确答案： 【参考译文】
直到本世纪初,孤立主义倾向在外交政策中一直大行其道。后来,两大因素致使美国置身于世界事务之中:其一是它迅猛膨胀的国力,其二是以欧洲为中心的国际体系的渐趋崩溃。具有分水岭意义的两届总统任期标志着这种事态的发展,西奥多·罗斯福和伍德罗·威尔逊。这两人执掌政府大权之际,正值世界事务将美国这个不愿介入国际事务的国家卷入它们的漩涡之时。这两位总统均认识到,美国应在世界事务中扮演关键的角色,尽管他们用截然相反的两套学说来为美国从孤立状态中脱颖而出寻找理据。
罗斯福对均势的分析可谓老谋深算。他坚定不移地认为,美国应扮演某种国际角色,因为美国的国家利益需要这一国际角色,而且对他来说,没有美国参与的全球均势将是无法想象的。对于威尔逊总统来说,美国扮演国际角色的理由更多地带有救世主的色彩:美国不仅仅对均势负有义务,而且也有义务将其自身的原则传播到全球每个角落。威尔逊总统执政期间,美国一跃而成为国际事务中的一个主要角色,到处宣扬其自身的原则。这些原则虽然折射出了美国思想中那些老生常谈的内容,但对于旧世界的外交家而言,仍标志着一种革命性的更弦易辙。美国的这些原则坚持认为,世界和平取决于民主的传播,人们在对国家进行评判时应采用与评判个人相同的道德准则,并且,国家利益在于坚持一套放之四海而皆准的法律体系。解析： 暂无解析