问答题US Environmental Protection While the G8 summit was under way, and once the news of Wednesday’s London bombings became known, the American president George Bush was widely quoted on the subject of international terrorism. He spoke of his resolve to br
题目
问答题
US Environmental Protection While the G8 summit was under way, and once the news of Wednesday’s London bombings became known, the American president George Bush was widely quoted on the subject of international terrorism. He spoke of his resolve to bring the perpetrators to justice, and to “spread an ideology of hope and compassion that will overwhelm” what he called “their ideology of hate”. But as the G8 meeting drew to a close, the US President had rather less to say about the Plan of Action, announced by the world leaders, to tackle what they deemed the serious and long-term challenge of climate change. Stephen Evans, who’s on a driving tour of the western United States, says many Americans remain unconvinced that this is an issue they need to take seriously: I’ve just driven down from Salt Lake City, through the desert of Utah and Nevada. It is a magnificent sublime wilderness where horizons are wide when they’re not broken by the craggy splendour of an ancient volcanic landscape. As the sun sinks here, the rocks glow red and it’s hard to imagine a threat to the environment where space seems limitless. And yet, many of these escarpments hide sites where humans dispose of all sorts of waste. Just beyond the beauty is a land being violated. This is where America throws its trash over the back wall. In Europe, insurance premiums rise as homes get built on flood plains in a search for every inch of exploitable space. In America, there is not this connection between wallets and weather. Extremes of climate seem natural. Only on the crowded coasts is the environment an issue. California and New York have tough regulations. In between, they often can’t see what the fuss is about. It’s a big country they feel. The taxi-driver in Texas who told me that global warming was hokum is not a lone voice, some of the big oil companies that lobby Mr. Bush are also loathe to concede a link between their product and climate change. The environment sometimes seems like the fashionable issue of the moment, the right badge to wear, the current political designer label. Things are changing though. Neo-conservatives are worried that importing oil means relying on hostile regimes, which, moreover, might funnel some of the dollars to anti-American causes— what the neocons call a terrorism tax on the American people. So there is pressure on Mr. Bush over the environment but not as a grand cause. It’s a concern rather about importing an expensive fuel from hostile places. And Mr. Bush may respond with tax incentives for cleaner technology that the US market seems increasingly to want.
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第1题：
Questions 184-188 refer to the following article.
President Barack Obama has issued his call to put global warming at the top of the international
agenda, pledging to push for coordinated action by the world's biggest countries to tackle problem of climate change.
In the speech, the US president on Tuesday laid out a three-pan plan to deal with climate change using the power of his office.
He outlined a strategy to cut the US's carbon pollution by reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants; to prepare the US for the impact of climate change, such
as the super storm that ravaged the New Jersey coastline last year, and to lead the world by example in combating changing climate.
"While no single step can reverse the effects of climate change, the president believes we have a moral obligation to our kids to leave them a planet that's not polluted and White House official said.
The coal industry said the proposals could prove devastating-----shares in US coal mining companies have been falling sharply-but Mr. Obama ' s speech was being watched closely around the world.
In Europe, where the Eurozone crisis has pushed the
climate change agenda firmly into the political background, environmental campaigners said they hoped Mr.Obama's speech would puncture arguments tackling global warming as bad for the economy.”If you have got the US and China moving, then the argument that the EU is going it alone clearly doesn't stand up to scrutiny anymore," said Tom Brookes of the European Climate Foundation.
The president said he would seek to expand new and existing international initiatives,including bilateral initiatives with China, India and other big emissions countries.
According to the passage, what was the possible solution for the problem?A. Seeking international coordination of big emission countries
B. Making EU 's action ahead of environment campaigners
C. Enhanced awareness of environmental campaigners
D. Expanding the influence of some Asian countries答案：A解析：根据原文“the president said he would seek to expand new and existinginternational initiatives，including bilateral initiatives with China，India and other bigemissions Countries.
”可知A 正确。 -
第2题：
Questions 184-188 refer to the following article.
President Barack Obama has issued his call to put global warming at the top of the international
agenda, pledging to push for coordinated action by the world's biggest countries to tackle problem of climate change.
In the speech, the US president on Tuesday laid out a three-pan plan to deal with climate change using the power of his office.
He outlined a strategy to cut the US's carbon pollution by reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants; to prepare the US for the impact of climate change, such
as the super storm that ravaged the New Jersey coastline last year, and to lead the world by example in combating changing climate.
"While no single step can reverse the effects of climate change, the president believes we have a moral obligation to our kids to leave them a planet that's not polluted and White House official said.
The coal industry said the proposals could prove devastating-----shares in US coal mining companies have been falling sharply-but Mr. Obama ' s speech was being watched closely around the world.
In Europe, where the Eurozone crisis has pushed the
climate change agenda firmly into the political background, environmental campaigners said they hoped Mr.Obama's speech would puncture arguments tackling global warming as bad for the economy.”If you have got the US and China moving, then the argument that the EU is going it alone clearly doesn't stand up to scrutiny anymore," said Tom Brookes of the European Climate Foundation.
The president said he would seek to expand new and existing international initiatives,including bilateral initiatives with China, India and other big emissions countries.
According to the passage, it can be implied that the coal industry______A. was indifferent about the proposal
B. agreed with the proposal
C. would express opinions after close watching
D. disagreed with the proposal答案：D解析：根据原文The Coal industry said the proposals Could prove devastating-sharesin US Coal mining Companies have been falling sharply-but Mr.
Obama's speech was being watchedClosely around the world 即煤炭行业表示，这些提议可能产生毁灭性的后果。美国煤矿企业的股价最近在大幅下跌。但奥巴马的演讲受到全球的密切关注。既然对行业是沉重打击，煤炭工业人士自然是反对的。故选D。 -
第3题：
共用题干
G8 Summit
Leaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations(G8)will meet in Scotland in
July this year. Representatives from China,India,Mexico,South Africa and Brazil have
also been invited.Here's what the G8 leaders want from the meeting.
British Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the world's poorest
countries.He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010.He has also
proposed reducing subsidies to Western farmers and removing restrictions on African exports.
This has not got the approval of all members because it will hurt their agricultural interests.On
climate change , Blair wants concerted（共同的）action by reducing carbon emissions（排放）.
US President George W.Bush agrees to give help to Africa.But he says he doesn't
like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it will increase corruption.Bush said he would
not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit,according to media.
The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol（京都议定书）.
Although the US is the world's biggest polluter,Bush so far refuses to believe there is
sufficient scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem.
French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change.He is
determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal.
German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blair's Africa proposals.
Schroder's officials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africa's problems as"old
thinking."Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove
they've solved the corruption problem.
Russian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value of more aid to Africa.
But he has seen a way to make this work to his advantage.Putin intends to use the aid to
Africa as a springboard（跳板）next year to propose aid to the former Soviet republics of
Georgia,Uzbekistan,Tajikistan and Moldova.
Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's priorities are a seat on the UN Security
Council,for which he will be lobbying（游说）at the summit. And he's concerned about the
Democratic People's Republic of Korea's nuclear weapons programme.Japan will reject Blair's proposal to increase aid to Africa.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：C解析： -
第4题：
共用题干
G8 Summit
Leaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations(G8)will meet in Scotland in
July this year. Representatives from China,India,Mexico,South Africa and Brazil have
also been invited.Here's what the G8 leaders want from the meeting.
British Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the world's poorest
countries.He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010.He has also
proposed reducing subsidies to Western farmers and removing restrictions on African exports.
This has not got the approval of all members because it will hurt their agricultural interests.On
climate change , Blair wants concerted（共同的）action by reducing carbon emissions（排放）.
US President George W.Bush agrees to give help to Africa.But he says he doesn't
like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it will increase corruption.Bush said he would
not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit,according to media.
The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol（京都议定书）.
Although the US is the world's biggest polluter,Bush so far refuses to believe there is
sufficient scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem.
French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change.He is
determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal.
German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blair's Africa proposals.
Schroder's officials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africa's problems as"old
thinking."Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove
they've solved the corruption problem.
Russian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value of more aid to Africa.
But he has seen a way to make this work to his advantage.Putin intends to use the aid to
Africa as a springboard（跳板）next year to propose aid to the former Soviet republics of
Georgia,Uzbekistan,Tajikistan and Moldova.
Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's priorities are a seat on the UN Security
Council,for which he will be lobbying（游说）at the summit. And he's concerned about the
Democratic People's Republic of Korea's nuclear weapons programme.The G8 countries include China,India,Mexico,South Africa and Brazil.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析： -
第5题：
共用题干
第二篇
Milosevic's Death
Former Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic was found dead last Saturday in his cell at the Hague一based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.The 64-year-old had been on trial there since February 2002.
Born in provincial Pozarevac in 1941,he was the second son of a priest and a school teacher. Both of his parents died when he was still a young adult.The young Milosevic was"untypical", says Slavoljub Djukic,his unofficial biographer. He was"not interested in sports,avoided excur-sions（短途旅行）and used to come to school dressed in the old-fashioned way-white shirt and tie". One of his old friends said, he could "imagine him as a station-master or punctilious（一丝不苟的）civil servant".
Indeed that is exactly what he might have become,had he not married Mira. She was widely believed to be his driving force.
At university and beyond he did well. He worked for various firms and was a communist party member. By 1986 he was head of Serbia's Central Committee. But still he had not yet really been noticed.
It was Kosovo that gave him his chance.An autonomous province of Serbia,Kosovo was home to an Albanian majority and a Serbian minority.In 1989,he was sent there to calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against. But instead he played the nationalist card and became their champion. In so doing , he changed into a ruthless（无情的）and determined man. At home with Mira he plotted the downfall of his political enemies. Conspiring（密谋）with the director of Serbian TV,he mounted a modern media campaign which aimed to get him the most power in the country.
He was elected Serbian president in 1990.In 1997,he became president of Yugoslavia. The rest of the story is well-known:his nationalist card caused Yugoslavia's other ethnic groups to fight for their own rights,power and lands.Yugoslavia broke up when four of the six republics declared independence in 1991.War started and lasted for years and millions died.Then Western countries intervened.NATO bombed Yugoslavia,and he eventually stepped down as state leader in 2000.
Soon after this,Serbia's new government,led by Zoran Djindjic,arrested him and sent him to face justice at the Yugoslav war crimes tribunal in the Hague.Where did Milosevic die?
A:In a basement.
B:In a prison.
C:In Kosovo.
D:In his own country.答案：B解析：本文开头说到了米洛舍维奇死亡的时间和地点“in his cell at the Hague一based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia"，即海牙国际刑事法庭前南斯拉夫仲裁庭的牢房中，显然，可以排除选项D，而pnson和cell为近义词。
本题为推断题。文章第二段最后一句和第三段都提到了这一点，要不是跟Mira结婚，他有可能成为一个站长或是公务员，而在此之前，他并没有太大的抱负。
问题问对米洛舍维奇的命运未产生某种影响的人是谁？尽管文章第二段在讲述他的童年时谈到了他的父母，但看不出他们对他的命运有什么影响。相反，另外三位在一定程度上影响了米洛舍维奇的人生的成与败。
文章倒数第三段中间提到："In 1989, he was sent there to calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against.”他被派到科索沃去消除感觉受到歧视的塞尔维亚人的恐慌。
倒数第二段说“Yugoslavia broke up when four of the six republics declared independence in 1991.”即1991年，6个共和国中的4个宣布独立后，南斯拉夫解体了。 -
第6题：
共用题干
G8 Summit
Leaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations(G8)will meet in Scotland in July this year. Representatives from China,India,Mexico,South Africa and Brazil have also been invited.Here's what the G8 leaders want from the meeting.
British Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the world's poorest' countries. He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010.He has also proposed reducing subsidies to Western farmers and removing restrictions on African exports.This has not got the approval of all members because it will hurt their agricultural interests.On climate change,Blair wants concerted（共同的）action by reducing carbon emissions（排放）.
US President George W. Bush agrees to give help to Africa. But he says he doesn't like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it will increase corruption.Bush said he would not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit,according to media. The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol（《京都议定书》）.Although the US is the world's biggest polluter,Bush so far refuses to believe there is sufficient scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem.
French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change.He is determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal.
German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blair's Africa proposals.Schroder's officials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africa's problems as"old thinking".Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove they've solved the corruption problem.
Russian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value of more aid to Africa. But he has seen a way to make this work to his advantage.Putin intends to use the aid to Africa as a springboard（跳板）next year to propose aid to the former Soviet republics of Georgia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Moldova.
Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's priorities are a seat on the UN Security Council, for which he will be lobbying（游说）at the summit. And he's concerned about the Democratic People's Republic of Korea's nuclear weapons programme.According to media,Bush will sign the Kyoto Protocol at the summit.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析：本题给出的信息是错误的。文章第一段提到：" Leaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations(G8)will meet in Scotland in July this year.Representatives from China , India , Mexico , South Africa and Brazil have also been invited.”文章先说八大主要工业化国家的首脑参加，然后说中国、印度、墨西哥、南非和巴西这些国家也派代表参加，因此后者不属于八大主要工业化国家，与本题信息“八大主要工业化国家包括······”相反。
本题给出的信息是正确的。文章第二段末尾提到：" Blair wants concerted action by reducing carbon emissions.”这说明布莱尔希望共同行动减少碳排放，与本题信息一致。
本题给出的信息在文章中没有提及。文章只在第一段提到八大主要工业化国家的首脑参加，然后说中国、印度、墨西哥、南非和巴西这些国家也派代表参加，至于本题信息“印度接受邀请参加八国峰会”就不得而知了。
本题给出的信息是错误的。文章第三段开头提到：" US President George w.Bush agrees to give help to Africa.But he says he doesn't like the idea of increasing aid to coun-- tnes as it will increase corruption.”这说明虽然布什同意给予非洲帮助，但不同意提高援助，与本题信息“布什同意提高对非洲的援助”相反。
本题给出的信息是正确的。文章第四段提到：" French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change.”这说明希拉克在非洲和气候变化问题上支持布莱尔。本题信息“...takes a stand similar to...”的意思为“支持”。
本题给出的信息是错误的。文章第三段中间提到：" The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol.”与本题信息“布什将在峰会上签署《京都议定书》”相反。
本题给出的信息在文章中没有提及。文章最后一段提到日本首相小泉纯一郎优先考虑的是在联合国安全理事会上的一个席位，而且他也关心有关朝鲜民主主义人民共和国的核武器计划。而本题信息“日本将反对布莱尔增加对非洲援助的建议”根本没有提及。 -
第7题：
共用题干
第二篇
Milosevic's Death
Former Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic was found dead last Saturday in his cell at the
Hague-based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.The 64-year-old
had been on trial there since February 2002.
Born in provincial Pozarevac in 1941,he was the second son of a priest and a school
teacher.Both of his parents died when he was still a young adult.The young Milosevic was
"untypical",says Slavoljub Djukic,his unofficial biographer.He was"not interested in
sports, avoided excursions（短途旅行）and used to come to school dressed in the old-
fashioned way一white shirt and tie."One of his old friends said,he could"imagine him as a
station-master or punctilious（一丝不苟的）civil servant."
Indeed that is exactly what he might have become,had he not married Mira.She was
widely believed to be his driving force.
At university and beyond he did well.He worked for various firms and was a communist
party member.By 1986 he was head of Serbia's Central Committee.But still he had not yet
really been noticed.
It was Kosovo that gave him his chance.An autonomous province of Serbia,Kosovo
was home to an Albanian majority and a Serbian minority.In 1989,he was sent there to
calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against.But instead he played the
nationalist card and became their champion.In so doing,he changed into a ruthless（无情
的）and determined man.At home with Mira he plotted the downfall of his political enemies.
Conspiring（密谋）with the director of Serbian TV,he mounted a modern media campaign
which aimed to get him the most power in the country.
He was elected Serbian president in 1990.In 1997,he became president of
Yugoslavia.The rest of the story is well-known:his nationalist card caused Yugoslavia's
other ethnic groups to fight for their own rights,power and lands.Yugoslavia broke up when
four of the six republics declared independence in 1991,War started and lasted for years
and millions died.Then Western countries intervened.NATO bombed Yugoslavia,and he
eventually stepped down as state leader in 2000.
Soon after this,Serbia's new government,led by Zoran Djindjic,arrested him and sent
him to face justice at the Yugoslav war crimes tribunal in the Hague.All of the following persons changed his fate in one way or another except
A:Mira.
B:his parents.
C:Zoran Djindjic.
D:the Director of Serbian TV.答案：B解析： -
第8题：
共用题干
Few men have influenced the development of American English to the extent that Noah Webster did.After a short career in law,he turned to teaching,but he discovered how inadequate the available schoolbooks were for the children of a new and independent nation.
In response to the need for truly American textbooks,Webster published A Grammatical Institute of the English Language,a three-volume work that consisted of a speller,a grammar,and a reader.The first volume,which was generally known as The American Spelling Book,was so popular that eventually it sold more than 80 million copies and provided him with a considerable income for the rest of his life.Can you imagine that?
Anyway,in 1807,Noah Webster began his greatest work,An American Dictionary of the English Language.In preparing the manuscript,he devoted ten years to the study of English and its relationship to other languages,and seven more years to the writing itself. Published in two volumes in 1828,An American Dictionary of the English Language has become the recognized authority for usage in the United States.Webster's purpose in writing it was to demonstrate that the American language was developing distinct meanings,pronunciations,and spellings from those of British English. He is responsible for advancing many of the simplified spelling forms that distinguish American English from British.
Webster was the first author to gain copyright protection in the United States by being awarded a copyright for The American Spelling Book and he continued to lobby over the next fifty years for the protection of intellectual properties,that is,for author's rights.By the time that Webster brought out the second edition of his dictionary,which included 70,000 entries instead of the original 38,000, the name Webster had become synonymous with American dictionaries.It was this second edition that served as the basis for the many revisions that have been produced by others, ironically,under the uncopyrighted Webster name.Published in 1828,An American Dictionary of the English Language is Noah Webster's greatest work.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：A解析：诺亚·韦伯一直是老师。第一段第二句话：After a short career in law , he turned to teaching…在法律界工作没多久，他就改行教书。因此本句是错误的。
《英语语言文法规则》的出版是为了满足美国国内对于课本的需要。依据是第二段第一句话：In response to the need for truly American textbooks , Webster published A Grammatical Institute of the English Language…为了满足这种对于真正美国化课本的需要，韦伯出版了《英语语言文法规则》。因此该句话是正确的。
1828年出版的《韦氏英语字典》是韦伯最伟大的著作。依据是第三段第一句话：Noah Webster began his greatest work , An American Dictionary of the English Language.1807年，韦伯开始编写他最伟大的著作《韦氏英语词典》。因此该句话是正确的。
韦伯反对奴隶制而且对于废除美国奴隶制作出了很大的贡献。文中对此没有提及。
韦伯编写《韦氏英语字典》的目的是为了证明美式英语优于英式英语。第三段倒数第二句提到：Webster's purpose in writing it was to demonstrate that the American language was developing distinct meanings,pronunciations,and spellings from those of British English.韦伯编写这本字典旨在于证明美国的语言在继承了英式英语后逐渐形成了自己特有的意义、发音和拼写。因此这句话是错误的。
韦伯终其一生积极维护版权。最后一段第一句中提到：Webster was the first author to gain copyright protection in the United States…and he continued to lobby over the next fifty years for the protection of intellectual properties, that is, for author's rights．根据参考译文可以得知这句话是正确的。
对于很多美国人来说，一说起字典就会想到韦伯。最后一段倒数第二句中提到：the name Webster had become synonymous with American dictionaries．韦伯已经成为了美国字典的代名词。因此该句话是正确的。 -
第9题：
The American president involved in Watergate Scandal was( )A.Richard Nixon
B.George Bush
C.Andrew Jackson
D.Bill Clinton答案：A解析：美国历史。考查卷入水门事件的美国总统。 -
第10题：
In 1992（）ran for the President as an independent candidate.
- A、Bill Clinton
- B、Ross Perot
- C、Bob Dole
- D、George Bush
正确答案:B -
第11题：
问答题US Environmental Protection While the G8 summit was under way, and once the news of Wednesday’s London bombings became known, the American president George Bush was widely quoted on the subject of international terrorism. He spoke of his resolve to bring the perpetrators to justice, and to “spread an ideology of hope and compassion that will overwhelm” what he called “their ideology of hate”. But as the G8 meeting drew to a close, the US President had rather less to say about the Plan of Action, announced by the world leaders, to tackle what they deemed the serious and long-term challenge of climate change. Stephen Evans, who’s on a driving tour of the western United States, says many Americans remain unconvinced that this is an issue they need to take seriously: I’ve just driven down from Salt Lake City, through the desert of Utah and Nevada. It is a magnificent sublime wilderness where horizons are wide when they’re not broken by the craggy splendour of an ancient volcanic landscape. As the sun sinks here, the rocks glow red and it’s hard to imagine a threat to the environment where space seems limitless. And yet, many of these escarpments hide sites where humans dispose of all sorts of waste. Just beyond the beauty is a land being violated. This is where America throws its trash over the back wall. In Europe, insurance premiums rise as homes get built on flood plains in a search for every inch of exploitable space. In America, there is not this connection between wallets and weather. Extremes of climate seem natural. Only on the crowded coasts is the environment an issue. California and New York have tough regulations. In between, they often can’t see what the fuss is about. It’s a big country they feel. The taxi-driver in Texas who told me that global warming was hokum is not a lone voice, some of the big oil companies that lobby Mr. Bush are also loathe to concede a link between their product and climate change. The environment sometimes seems like the fashionable issue of the moment, the right badge to wear, the current political designer label. Things are changing though. Neo-conservatives are worried that importing oil means relying on hostile regimes, which, moreover, might funnel some of the dollars to anti-American causes— what the neocons call a terrorism tax on the American people. So there is pressure on Mr. Bush over the environment but not as a grand cause. It’s a concern rather about importing an expensive fuel from hostile places. And Mr. Bush may respond with tax incentives for cleaner technology that the US market seems increasingly to want.正确答案： 【参考译文】
美国的环境保护 在八国峰会期间,当伦敦大爆炸的消息传散开来时,很多人都引用了美国总统乔治·布什关于国际恐怖主义的发言。他谈到了将恐怖分子绳之以法的决心,并传播了一种希望的意识和热情,这种热情会打倒他所称之为“仇恨”的意识。
但是随着八国峰会即将结束,美国总统只字不谈由各国首脑们宣布的行动计划,也就是处理他们认为“关于气候变化的严峻而又长期的问题”。
目前正开着汽车在美国西部旅行的斯蒂芬·埃文斯认为,多数美国人并没有意识到这是一个需要他们严肃对待的问题。“我刚刚沿盐湖城开车而下,经过犹他州和内华达州的沙漠。荒野是巍巍壮观的,当没有被古老的火山岩崎岖而又壮丽的地貌所隔断时,整个地平线宽阔无垠。当太阳在这里西沉时,岩石泛起火红的光芒。当天地如此宽广时,很难想象到自然正受着威胁。然而,隐藏在很多这类悬崖后面的是人类倾倒的各种各样的垃圾。越过美丽景致便是被亵渎了的土地。在墙的后面便是美国人倾倒垃圾的地方。”
在欧洲,当人们寻求着任何一寸可以开拓的土地,当他们在易被洪水淹没的平原上修建房屋时,被要求上缴更多的保险费。而在美国,钱袋和天气之间并没有这样的联系。极端的气候是很自然的事情。
只有在人群拥挤的沿海城市气候才是一个问题。加利福尼亚和纽约有严格的规定。但在两个城市之间的地方,人们通常不明白有什么好大惊小怪的呢。他们感觉美国地域辽阔。德克萨斯的出租车司机告诉我,全球变暖是废话。这一论点不是独家之言,一些游说布什总统的大石油公司也很厌恶把他们的产品和气候变化扯上关系。
有时环境就像现今一个时尚的话题:是我们要佩带正确的徽章,是当前政客们的标签而已。
不管怎样,事情正在改观。新保守主义担心进口石油就意味着依靠那些敌对国家。更为严重的是,进口石油有可能使一些美元流失到反美的敌对势力——新保守主义把它称之为“从美国人身上征收的税款”。
于是布什总统就有了压力,他必须重视环保这个并不算很大的事情,更多的是关心从敌对地区进口昂贵的石油这一问题。而布什总统也许会采取对环保科技的税收鼓励作为相应的对策。该类产品在美国市场上的需求量日益增多。 解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
问答题Practice 3 On his 10-day trip to Asia this week, President George W. Bush is likely to get a polite reception for his ambitious agenda. He wants to rally allies to the war on terror, the confrontation with North Korea and the expansion of transpacific trade. He’ll be asking Japan and China to allow their currencies to get stronger, so they will find it cheaper to buy more goods from struggling US manufacturers. Neither the Japanese nor the Chinese will say no outright, but they won’t say yes, either. Below the polite ambiguities, something disturbing is happening, at least from an American viewpoint. For all its military power, political clout and economic might, America could be losing its influence in what is arguably the most dynamic region of the world. Big changes are happening in Asia, for which America’s policies are increasingly out of step. Washington’s preoccupations—-the mess in Iraq, the jobless recovery and the escalating fiscal deficit at home—are not Asia’s preoccupations. When Bush looks into the future, he sees an American Century with a troubled story line dominated by the fight against terror. When Asians look into the future, they see an Asian Century dominated by rising prosperity and the emergence of China, with terror a minor subplot.正确答案： 【参考译文】
在于本周开始的十天亚洲之行期间,布什总统雄心勃勃的计划很可能得到彬彬有礼的回应。他希望亚洲盟国加入到反恐战争、与朝鲜对抗以及扩大太平洋两岸贸易的进程中来。他将要求日本和中国提高本国货币汇率,使两国民众能用更低的价格从身处困境的美国制造商手中购买更多商品。日本和中国都不会断然拒绝,但也不会表示同意。从美国的角度看,这种礼貌但模棱两可的答复背后隐藏着令人忧虑的问题。
尽管美国拥有强大的军事、政治和经济实力,但在世界上最有活力的亚洲地区,它的影响力可能正在减弱。亚洲正在发生巨变,而美国的政策越来越难以跟上它的步调。华盛顿担心的问题——伊拉克的烂摊子、国内失业率上升和财政赤字的扩大——对亚洲来说并非当务之急。当布什展望未来时,他看到的是一个以反恐战争为主线的美国世纪。当亚洲人展望未来时,他们看到的是一个亚洲世纪,其主线是经济的蓬勃发展和中国的崛起,而反恐战争只是细枝末节。解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
Questions 184-188 refer to the following article.
President Barack Obama has issued his call to put global warming at the top of the international
agenda, pledging to push for coordinated action by the world's biggest countries to tackle problem of climate change.
In the speech, the US president on Tuesday laid out a three-pan plan to deal with climate change using the power of his office.
He outlined a strategy to cut the US's carbon pollution by reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants; to prepare the US for the impact of climate change, such
as the super storm that ravaged the New Jersey coastline last year, and to lead the world by example in combating changing climate.
"While no single step can reverse the effects of climate change, the president believes we have a moral obligation to our kids to leave them a planet that's not polluted and White House official said.
The coal industry said the proposals could prove devastating-----shares in US coal mining companies have been falling sharply-but Mr. Obama ' s speech was being watched closely around the world.
In Europe, where the Eurozone crisis has pushed the
climate change agenda firmly into the political background, environmental campaigners said they hoped Mr.Obama's speech would puncture arguments tackling global warming as bad for the economy.”If you have got the US and China moving, then the argument that the EU is going it alone clearly doesn't stand up to scrutiny anymore," said Tom Brookes of the European Climate Foundation.
The president said he would seek to expand new and existing international initiatives,including bilateral initiatives with China, India and other big emissions countries.
The Eurozone crisis has caused that_______A. People believed that dealing with environmental problems is bad for the economy
B. There has been more environmental campaigners discussing about the issue
C. The climate change agenda was influenced by politics
D. The EU was going along with US and China答案：C解析：根据原文where the European Crisis has pushed the Climate Change agendafirmly into the political background 即这些年来欧元区危机一直主宰政治日程，气候变化问题则退居幕后。可知气候变化问题受到政治的影响。故选C。 -
第14题：
Questions 184-188 refer to the following article.
President Barack Obama has issued his call to put global warming at the top of the international
agenda, pledging to push for coordinated action by the world's biggest countries to tackle problem of climate change.
In the speech, the US president on Tuesday laid out a three-pan plan to deal with climate change using the power of his office.
He outlined a strategy to cut the US's carbon pollution by reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants; to prepare the US for the impact of climate change, such
as the super storm that ravaged the New Jersey coastline last year, and to lead the world by example in combating changing climate.
"While no single step can reverse the effects of climate change, the president believes we have a moral obligation to our kids to leave them a planet that's not polluted and White House official said.
The coal industry said the proposals could prove devastating-----shares in US coal mining companies have been falling sharply-but Mr. Obama ' s speech was being watched closely around the world.
In Europe, where the Eurozone crisis has pushed the
climate change agenda firmly into the political background, environmental campaigners said they hoped Mr.Obama's speech would puncture arguments tackling global warming as bad for the economy.”If you have got the US and China moving, then the argument that the EU is going it alone clearly doesn't stand up to scrutiny anymore," said Tom Brookes of the European Climate Foundation.
The president said he would seek to expand new and existing international initiatives,including bilateral initiatives with China, India and other big emissions countries.
Which of the following is NOT included in the US president 's strategy?A. to set a good example for the world
B. to fight against the super storm in the New Jersey
C. to cut emissions from coal-fired power plants
D. to prepare the US for the influence of the changing climate答案：B解析：根据原文to prepare the US for the impact of Climate Change，such as thesuper storm that ravaged the New Jersey Coastline last year 可知，super storm 对新泽西的损害已经是过去的事情，现在只是防范类似事件再次重演，故B 项说法与原文不符。 -
第15题：
共用题干
第二篇
Milosevic's Death
Former Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic was found dead last Saturday in his cell at the Hague一based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.The 64-year-old had been on trial there since February 2002.
Born in provincial Pozarevac in 1941,he was the second son of a priest and a school teacher. Both of his parents died when he was still a young adult.The young Milosevic was"untypical", says Slavoljub Djukic,his unofficial biographer. He was"not interested in sports,avoided excur-sions（短途旅行）and used to come to school dressed in the old-fashioned way-white shirt and tie". One of his old friends said, he could "imagine him as a station-master or punctilious（一丝不苟的）civil servant".
Indeed that is exactly what he might have become,had he not married Mira. She was widely believed to be his driving force.
At university and beyond he did well. He worked for various firms and was a communist party member. By 1986 he was head of Serbia's Central Committee. But still he had not yet really been noticed.
It was Kosovo that gave him his chance.An autonomous province of Serbia,Kosovo was home to an Albanian majority and a Serbian minority.In 1989,he was sent there to calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against. But instead he played the nationalist card and became their champion. In so doing , he changed into a ruthless（无情的）and determined man. At home with Mira he plotted the downfall of his political enemies. Conspiring（密谋）with the director of Serbian TV,he mounted a modern media campaign which aimed to get him the most power in the country.
He was elected Serbian president in 1990.In 1997,he became president of Yugoslavia. The rest of the story is well-known:his nationalist card caused Yugoslavia's other ethnic groups to fight for their own rights,power and lands.Yugoslavia broke up when four of the six republics declared independence in 1991.War started and lasted for years and millions died.Then Western countries intervened.NATO bombed Yugoslavia,and he eventually stepped down as state leader in 2000.
Soon after this,Serbia's new government,led by Zoran Djindjic,arrested him and sent him to face justice at the Yugoslav war crimes tribunal in the Hague.Which of the following is NOT true of the young Milosevic?
A:He dressed in a pretty old-fashioned way.
B:He was not interested in sports.
C:He often avoided excursions.
D:He was extremely ambitious.答案：C解析：本文开头说到了米洛舍维奇死亡的时间和地点“in his cell at the Hague一based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia"，即海牙国际刑事法庭前南斯拉夫仲裁庭的牢房中，显然，可以排除选项D，而pnson和cell为近义词。
本题为推断题。文章第二段最后一句和第三段都提到了这一点，要不是跟Mira结婚，他有可能成为一个站长或是公务员，而在此之前，他并没有太大的抱负。
问题问对米洛舍维奇的命运未产生某种影响的人是谁？尽管文章第二段在讲述他的童年时谈到了他的父母，但看不出他们对他的命运有什么影响。相反，另外三位在一定程度上影响了米洛舍维奇的人生的成与败。
文章倒数第三段中间提到："In 1989, he was sent there to calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against.”他被派到科索沃去消除感觉受到歧视的塞尔维亚人的恐慌。
倒数第二段说“Yugoslavia broke up when four of the six republics declared independence in 1991.”即1991年，6个共和国中的4个宣布独立后，南斯拉夫解体了。 -
第16题：
共用题干
第二篇
Milosevic's Death
Former Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic was found dead last Saturday in his cell at the Hague一based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.The 64-year-old had been on trial there since February 2002.
Born in provincial Pozarevac in 1941,he was the second son of a priest and a school teacher. Both of his parents died when he was still a young adult.The young Milosevic was"untypical", says Slavoljub Djukic,his unofficial biographer. He was"not interested in sports,avoided excur-sions（短途旅行）and used to come to school dressed in the old-fashioned way-white shirt and tie". One of his old friends said, he could "imagine him as a station-master or punctilious（一丝不苟的）civil servant".
Indeed that is exactly what he might have become,had he not married Mira. She was widely believed to be his driving force.
At university and beyond he did well. He worked for various firms and was a communist party member. By 1986 he was head of Serbia's Central Committee. But still he had not yet really been noticed.
It was Kosovo that gave him his chance.An autonomous province of Serbia,Kosovo was home to an Albanian majority and a Serbian minority.In 1989,he was sent there to calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against. But instead he played the nationalist card and became their champion. In so doing , he changed into a ruthless（无情的）and determined man. At home with Mira he plotted the downfall of his political enemies. Conspiring（密谋）with the director of Serbian TV,he mounted a modern media campaign which aimed to get him the most power in the country.
He was elected Serbian president in 1990.In 1997,he became president of Yugoslavia. The rest of the story is well-known:his nationalist card caused Yugoslavia's other ethnic groups to fight for their own rights,power and lands.Yugoslavia broke up when four of the six republics declared independence in 1991.War started and lasted for years and millions died.Then Western countries intervened.NATO bombed Yugoslavia,and he eventually stepped down as state leader in 2000.
Soon after this,Serbia's new government,led by Zoran Djindjic,arrested him and sent him to face justice at the Yugoslav war crimes tribunal in the Hague.All of the following persons changed his fate in one way or another except_________.
A: Mira
B:his parents
C:Zoran Djindjic
D:the Director of Serbian TV答案：B解析：本文开头说到了米洛舍维奇死亡的时间和地点“in his cell at the Hague一based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia"，即海牙国际刑事法庭前南斯拉夫仲裁庭的牢房中，显然，可以排除选项D，而pnson和cell为近义词。
本题为推断题。文章第二段最后一句和第三段都提到了这一点，要不是跟Mira结婚，他有可能成为一个站长或是公务员，而在此之前，他并没有太大的抱负。
问题问对米洛舍维奇的命运未产生某种影响的人是谁？尽管文章第二段在讲述他的童年时谈到了他的父母，但看不出他们对他的命运有什么影响。相反，另外三位在一定程度上影响了米洛舍维奇的人生的成与败。
文章倒数第三段中间提到："In 1989, he was sent there to calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against.”他被派到科索沃去消除感觉受到歧视的塞尔维亚人的恐慌。
倒数第二段说“Yugoslavia broke up when four of the six republics declared independence in 1991.”即1991年，6个共和国中的4个宣布独立后，南斯拉夫解体了。 -
第17题：
共用题干
第二篇
Milosevic's Death
Former Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic was found dead last Saturday in his cell at the Hague一based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.The 64-year-old had been on trial there since February 2002.
Born in provincial Pozarevac in 1941,he was the second son of a priest and a school teacher. Both of his parents died when he was still a young adult.The young Milosevic was"untypical", says Slavoljub Djukic,his unofficial biographer. He was"not interested in sports,avoided excur-sions（短途旅行）and used to come to school dressed in the old-fashioned way-white shirt and tie". One of his old friends said, he could "imagine him as a station-master or punctilious（一丝不苟的）civil servant".
Indeed that is exactly what he might have become,had he not married Mira. She was widely believed to be his driving force.
At university and beyond he did well. He worked for various firms and was a communist party member. By 1986 he was head of Serbia's Central Committee. But still he had not yet really been noticed.
It was Kosovo that gave him his chance.An autonomous province of Serbia,Kosovo was home to an Albanian majority and a Serbian minority.In 1989,he was sent there to calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against. But instead he played the nationalist card and became their champion. In so doing , he changed into a ruthless（无情的）and determined man. At home with Mira he plotted the downfall of his political enemies. Conspiring（密谋）with the director of Serbian TV,he mounted a modern media campaign which aimed to get him the most power in the country.
He was elected Serbian president in 1990.In 1997,he became president of Yugoslavia. The rest of the story is well-known:his nationalist card caused Yugoslavia's other ethnic groups to fight for their own rights,power and lands.Yugoslavia broke up when four of the six republics declared independence in 1991.War started and lasted for years and millions died.Then Western countries intervened.NATO bombed Yugoslavia,and he eventually stepped down as state leader in 2000.
Soon after this,Serbia's new government,led by Zoran Djindjic,arrested him and sent him to face justice at the Yugoslav war crimes tribunal in the Hague.What happened in 1991?
A:Yugoslavia broke up.
B:Western countries intervened.
C:NATO bombed Yugoslavia.
D:Milosevic was arrested.答案：A解析：本文开头说到了米洛舍维奇死亡的时间和地点“in his cell at the Hague一based International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia"，即海牙国际刑事法庭前南斯拉夫仲裁庭的牢房中，显然，可以排除选项D，而pnson和cell为近义词。
本题为推断题。文章第二段最后一句和第三段都提到了这一点，要不是跟Mira结婚，他有可能成为一个站长或是公务员，而在此之前，他并没有太大的抱负。
问题问对米洛舍维奇的命运未产生某种影响的人是谁？尽管文章第二段在讲述他的童年时谈到了他的父母，但看不出他们对他的命运有什么影响。相反，另外三位在一定程度上影响了米洛舍维奇的人生的成与败。
文章倒数第三段中间提到："In 1989, he was sent there to calm fears of Serbians who felt they were discriminated against.”他被派到科索沃去消除感觉受到歧视的塞尔维亚人的恐慌。
倒数第二段说“Yugoslavia broke up when four of the six republics declared independence in 1991.”即1991年，6个共和国中的4个宣布独立后，南斯拉夫解体了。 -
第18题：
共用题干
G8 Summit
Leaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations(G8)will meet in Scotland in
July this year. Representatives from China,India,Mexico,South Africa and Brazil have
also been invited.Here's what the G8 leaders want from the meeting.
British Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the world's poorest
countries.He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010.He has also
proposed reducing subsidies to Western farmers and removing restrictions on African exports.
This has not got the approval of all members because it will hurt their agricultural interests.On
climate change , Blair wants concerted（共同的）action by reducing carbon emissions（排放）.
US President George W.Bush agrees to give help to Africa.But he says he doesn't
like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it will increase corruption.Bush said he would
not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit,according to media.
The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol（京都议定书）.
Although the US is the world's biggest polluter,Bush so far refuses to believe there is
sufficient scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem.
French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change.He is
determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal.
German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blair's Africa proposals.
Schroder's officials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africa's problems as"old
thinking."Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove
they've solved the corruption problem.
Russian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value of more aid to Africa.
But he has seen a way to make this work to his advantage.Putin intends to use the aid to
Africa as a springboard（跳板）next year to propose aid to the former Soviet republics of
Georgia,Uzbekistan,Tajikistan and Moldova.
Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's priorities are a seat on the UN Security
Council,for which he will be lobbying（游说）at the summit. And he's concerned about the
Democratic People's Republic of Korea's nuclear weapons programme.Bush agrees to increase aid to Africa.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析： -
第19题：
共用题干
Few men have influenced the development of American English to the extent that Noah Webster did.After a short career in law,he turned to teaching,but he discovered how inadequate the available schoolbooks were for the children of a new and independent nation.
In response to the need for truly American textbooks,Webster published A Grammatical Institute of the English Language,a three-volume work that consisted of a speller,a grammar,and a reader.The first volume,which was generally known as The American Spelling Book,was so popular that eventually it sold more than 80 million copies and provided him with a considerable income for the rest of his life.Can you imagine that?
Anyway,in 1807,Noah Webster began his greatest work,An American Dictionary of the English Language.In preparing the manuscript,he devoted ten years to the study of English and its relationship to other languages,and seven more years to the writing itself. Published in two volumes in 1828,An American Dictionary of the English Language has become the recognized authority for usage in the United States.Webster's purpose in writing it was to demonstrate that the American language was developing distinct meanings,pronunciations,and spellings from those of British English. He is responsible for advancing many of the simplified spelling forms that distinguish American English from British.
Webster was the first author to gain copyright protection in the United States by being awarded a copyright for The American Spelling Book and he continued to lobby over the next fifty years for the protection of intellectual properties,that is,for author's rights.By the time that Webster brought out the second edition of his dictionary,which included 70,000 entries instead of the original 38,000, the name Webster had become synonymous with American dictionaries.It was this second edition that served as the basis for the many revisions that have been produced by others, ironically,under the uncopyrighted Webster name.Webster remains active in promoting copyright protection throughout his life.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：A解析：诺亚·韦伯一直是老师。第一段第二句话：After a short career in law , he turned to teaching…在法律界工作没多久，他就改行教书。因此本句是错误的。
《英语语言文法规则》的出版是为了满足美国国内对于课本的需要。依据是第二段第一句话：In response to the need for truly American textbooks , Webster published A Grammatical Institute of the English Language…为了满足这种对于真正美国化课本的需要，韦伯出版了《英语语言文法规则》。因此该句话是正确的。
1828年出版的《韦氏英语字典》是韦伯最伟大的著作。依据是第三段第一句话：Noah Webster began his greatest work , An American Dictionary of the English Language.1807年，韦伯开始编写他最伟大的著作《韦氏英语词典》。因此该句话是正确的。
韦伯反对奴隶制而且对于废除美国奴隶制作出了很大的贡献。文中对此没有提及。
韦伯编写《韦氏英语字典》的目的是为了证明美式英语优于英式英语。第三段倒数第二句提到：Webster's purpose in writing it was to demonstrate that the American language was developing distinct meanings,pronunciations,and spellings from those of British English.韦伯编写这本字典旨在于证明美国的语言在继承了英式英语后逐渐形成了自己特有的意义、发音和拼写。因此这句话是错误的。
韦伯终其一生积极维护版权。最后一段第一句中提到：Webster was the first author to gain copyright protection in the United States…and he continued to lobby over the next fifty years for the protection of intellectual properties, that is, for author's rights．根据参考译文可以得知这句话是正确的。
对于很多美国人来说，一说起字典就会想到韦伯。最后一段倒数第二句中提到：the name Webster had become synonymous with American dictionaries．韦伯已经成为了美国字典的代名词。因此该句话是正确的。 -
第20题：
C
Uncle Sam is a tall，thin man.He‘s an older man with white hair and a white beard.He often wears a tall hat，a bow tie，and the stars and stripes of the American flag.
Who is this strange，looking man Would you believe that Uncle Sam is the US government But why do you call the US government Uncle Sam
During the War of 1812，the US government hired meat packers to provide meat to the army.One of these meat packers was a man named Samuel Wilson.Samuel was a friendly and fair man.Everyone liked him and called him Uncle Sam.
Sam Wilson stamped the boxes of meat for the army with a large US for United States.Some government inspectors came to look over Sam‘s company.They asked a worker what the US on the boxes stood for.As a joke，the worker answered that these letters stood for the name of his boss，Uncle Sam.
The joke spread，and soldiers began saying that their food came from Uncle Sam.Before long，people called all things that came from the government“Uncle Sam‘s”，“Uncle Sam”became a nickname for the US government.
Soon there were drawings and cartoons of Uncle Sam in newspapers.In these early pictures，Uncle Sam was a young man.He wore stars and stripes，but his hair was dark and he had not a beard.The beard was added when Abraham Lincoln was President.President Lincoln had a beard.
The most famous picture of Uncle Sam is on a poster from World War I.The government needed men to fight in the war.In the poster，a very serious Uncle Sam points his finger and says“I want YOU for the US Army.”
“Uncle Sam”became a________for the US government.A.boss
B.nickname
C.picture
D.businessmen答案：B解析： -
第21题：
Although he did not know London well, he made his way（）to the airport.
Aeasy enough
Benough
Ceasily enough
Denoug heasily
C
副词修饰形容词,也就是adv+adj easily是副词,简单地 enough是形容词,足够的尽管
他对伦敦并不是很熟，但他还是很容易找到了去机场的路。 -
第22题：
Although he did not know London well, he made his way（）to the airport.
- A、easy enough
- B、enough
- C、easily enough
- D、enoug heasily
正确答案:C -
第23题：
单选题Which of the following is true about the leaders’ position?AObama holds that markets need morals.
BShadow chancellor George Osborne opposes the summit being held in London.
CBrown insists the main goal of the summit is to deliver unity in face of crisis.
DFrench President demands for a worldwide financial regulator.
正确答案： D解析：
题目问的是：下列关于领导人的位置哪一项是正确的？文章第5段提到“... his demands for a worldwide financial regulator.”，可知法国总统要求一个全球金融监管机构，D项正确。 -
第24题：
单选题At first George didn’t want to give way in the argument, but finally he _____ to his opponent.Aconsoled
Bconceded
Cconsulted
Dconfused
正确答案： C解析：
句意：在一开始，约翰不想在辩论中屈服，但是最终他让步于他的对手。concede让步。console安慰。consult查阅；商量；向……请教。confuse使混乱。