填空题One of the purposes of reforestation projects is to protect the habitat and prevent species loss.____
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第1题：
The primary reason for placing covers over storage batteries is to ______．
A.Prevent the accumulation of explosive gases
B.Protect the hull from leaking electrolyte
C.Prevent movement of the battery in rough waters
D.Protect against accidental shorting across terminals
正确答案：D
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第2题：
All electrical appliances aboard a vessel should be grounded to ______.
A.prevent them from falling when the vessel rolls
B.protect personnel from electrical shock
C.increase their operating efficiency
D.prevent unauthorized personnel from operating them
正确答案：B
所有船上的电器设备均应被接地以保护人员免遭电击。 -
第3题：
This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.A:turned dead
B:passed by
C:carried away
D:become extinct答案：D解析：本句意思：由于栖息地遭到破坏，这一物种几乎已经灭绝。die out意为“灭绝，绝迹”, 与become extinct（灭绝，绝种）意思相近。turn dead死掉；pass by经过；carry away带走。 -
第4题：
The destruction of habitats(栖息地)all over the world is the primary reason species are?becoming extinct(灭绝)or endangered．Houses,highways,dams,industrial buildings,and?ever-spreading farms now dominate?21?formerly occupied by forests,deserts,and wetlands．22?the beginning of European settlement in America,23,
over 65,000,000 acres of?wetlands have been drained．One million acres alone vanished
24?1985 and 1995．
Habitat destruction can be?25?or it can be subtle,occurring over a
26?period of time?without being noticed．27?such as sewage from cities and chemical runoff fromfarms,can change?the?28?and quantity of water in streams and rivers．To?29?living in a delicately balanced?habitat,this disturbance can be as
30?as the clear-cutting of a rainforest．
31?remaining habitats are carved into smaller and smaller pockets or islands,remaining?species are forced to exist in these?32?areas,which causes further habitat?33?These?species become less adaptable to environmental?34；in fact,they become?35?endangered．Scientists believe that when a habitat is cut by 90%,one-half of its plants,animals and insects will?become extinct．
第34题的答案是（ ）A.improvements
B.Changes
C.protection
D.development答案：B解析：【考情点拨】词义辨析题。
【应试指导】此处意为：这些物种越来越不适应环境的变化，这里是指栖息地被破坏后的变化。change意为“变化”，符合语境。improvements意为“改善”，protection意为“保护”，development意为“发展”，都是指好的方向，不符合语境。 -
第5题：
No one can prevent me from hunting for a bright future.A:stop
B:allow
C:forbid
D:permit答案：A解析：prevent:阻止。题干意思为：没人能够阻止我追求美好的前程。stop:阻止，停止；allow：允许，许可；forbid：禁止；permit：允许，许可。经过分析，A选项最为合适。 -
第6题：
Why would a network administrator configure port security on a switch?（）
- A、to prevent unauthorized Telnet access to a switch port
- B、to limit the number of Layer 2 broadcasts on a particular switch port
- C、to prevent unauthorized hosts from accessing the LAN
- D、to protect the IP and MAC address of the switch and associated ports
- E、to block unauthorized access to the switch management interfaces over common TCP ports
正确答案:C -
第7题：
单选题The descendants of prominent families have to learn to protect their privacy in one way or another.Aeminent
Baffluent
Cthrifty
Dconsiderable
正确答案： D解析：
句意：地位显赫的家族的后代必须学会以某种方式保护隐私。prominent的意思是“著名的，突出的，明显的”。eminent著名的。affluent富裕的；丰富的；流畅的。thrifty节俭的。considerable相当大的；重要的，值得考虑的。 -
第8题：
单选题An advantage with one of the education projects is that the managersAare usually good teachers
Brarely leave the company
Ccan continue their careers
正确答案： C解析：
文中第五段是关于教育项目(education projects)的，而且在最后提到了他们启动了一个三个月的计划，他们的管理人员(managerial staff)不用请长假就可以从中受益，也即是管理者还可以继续他们的事业。 -
第9题：
单选题67. A Fasten B Prevent C Protect D ResistAA
BB
CC
DD
正确答案： D解析： -
第10题：
单选题Which statement most accurately describes the difference between the two passages?APassage 1 deals less directly with the exportation of chimpanzees than does Passage 2.
BPassage 1 is less concerned with the interaction between man and the land than is Passage 2.
CPassage I pertains to a species in its indigenous habitat while Passage 2 addresses the same animal in nonnative settings.
DPassage I ends with an expression of optimism and Passage 2 does not.
EPassage I introduces a species and describes its status worldwide, while Passage 2 limits its discussion of that species to its activities in the Northern Hemisphere.
正确答案： A解析：
第一篇文章主要是关于黑猩猩在自然栖息地生存的情况。第二篇文章主要是关于黑猩猩在非自然栖息地生存的情况。故选C项。 -
第11题：
单选题Whether a ship is sailing before the wind or sailing in the rough sea, we must reduce the fuel injection of the main engine.For the former one, it aims to prevent the main engine being（）, while for the later one, it aims to prevent the main engine being（）.Aoverspeed；overload
Boverload；overspeed
Cover torque；overspeed
Dlow mechanical efficiency；overload
正确答案： B解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
问答题Despite the basic biological, chemical, and physical similarities found in all living things, a diversity of life exists not only among and between species but also within every natural population. The phenomenon of diversity has had a long history of study because so many of the variations that exist in nature are visible to the eye. 1) It has been suggested that sexual reproduction became the dominant type of reproduction among organisms because of its inherent advantage of variability, which is the mechanism that enables a species to adjust to changing conditions.New variations are potentially present in genetic differences, but how preponderant a variation becomes in a gene pool depends upon the number of offspring the mutants or variants produce (differential reproduction). 2)It is possible for a genetic novelty (new variation) to spread in time to all members of a population, especially if the novelty enhances the population’s chances for survival in the environment in which it exists.Thus, when a species is introduced into a new habitat, it either adapts to the change by natural selection or by some other evolutionary mechanism or else it eventually dies off. Because each new habitat means new adaptations, habitat changes have been responsible for the millions of different kinds of species and for the heterogeneity within each species. The total number of animal and plant species is estimated at between 2,000,000 and 4,500,000; authoritative estimates of the number of extinct species range from 15,000,000 up to 16,000,000,000. 3)Although the use of classification as a means of producing some kind of order out of this staggering number of different types of organisms appears as early as the book of Genesis—with references to cattle, beasts, fowl, creeping things, trees, etc.—the first scientific attempt at classification is attributed to the Greek philosopher Aristotle, who tried to establish a system that would indicate the relationship of all things to each other.He arranged everything along a scale, or “ladder of nature”, with nonliving things at the bottom; plants were placed below animals, and man was at the top. 4)Other schemes that have been used for grouping species include large anatomical similarities, such as wings or fins, which indicate a natural relationship, and also similarities in reproductive structures. 5)At the present time taxonomy is based on two major assumptions: one is that similar body construction can be used as a criterion for a classification grouping; the other is that, in addition to structural similarities, evolutionary and molecular relationships between organisms can be used as a means for determining classification.正确答案：
(1)【答案】有人曾经提出:有性繁殖在有机生命体的繁殖方式中占支配地位,其原因在于有性繁殖所固有的变异性方面的优势。变异性是一种机制,能使物种自我调节以适应条件的变化。
【解析】该句需要注意的是It has been suggested...不能直接翻译成“它被建议…”,it指代的该句中that之后的内容,此处it只是起到形式主语的作用,因此应根据汉语多主动句的特点将其译为:有人曾经提出…。
(2)【答案】某种遗传变异(新变异)及时扩散到一个生物群体的所有成员,这是可能的。尤其当这种变异能提高该群体在其生存环境中的存活机会时,可能性更大。
【解析】本句需要注意的是对It is possible...的翻译,由于真正的主语是possible之后的内容,因此翻译时应译为:…是由可能的。此外,enhance的宾语为chances(机会),因此应取其“提高”的意思。
(3)【答案】虽然早在《物种起源》那本书中就使用分类方法把为数众多的不同种类的生物排列出了一个次序,书中提到的生物包括:家养牲畜、野兽、禽类、爬行动物、树木等。不过,真正从科学上首次尝试对物种分类还应归于希腊哲学家亚里士多德。他曾试图建立一个体系,来表明世界万物彼此之间的关系。
【解析】本句中破折号之间的内容为解释说明,翻译时可将其独立成句,并添加主语,即:书中提到的生物包括:家养牲畜、野兽、禽类、爬行动物、树木等。
(4)【答案】曾经用来进行物种分类的其他方法还有:根据解剖结构上存在的重大相似性分类,比如翅膀或鳍,这种相似性显示的是自然属性的关系;还可以根据繁殖系统结构的相似性分类。
【解析】anatomical意为“结构上的,解剖的”,fin指“鱼鳍,鳍状物”,该句中which引导的定语从句是对anatomical similarities的修饰。
(5)【答案】目前,生物分类学基于两大思路:一个是可以用生物体结构的相似性作为物种分类的依据;另一个是,除了结构的相似性以外,还可以把生物在进化以及分子方面的关联作为决定分类的依据。
【解析】taxonomy意为“(生物)分类学”,注意该句中被动形式“taxonomy is based on”与汉语主动形式“生物分类学基于…”之间的转换。解析： 暂无解析 -
第13题：
One function of a bulwark is to ______．
A.Help keep the deck dry
B.Prevent stress concentrations on the stringer plate
C.Protect against twisting forces exerted on the frame of the vessel
D.Reinforce the side stringers
正确答案：A
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第14题：
Flame screens are used to ______.
A.contain flammable fumes
B.protect firefightiers from flames
C.prevent flames from entering tanks
D.keep flame and sparks from getting out of an engine’s exhaust system
正确答案：C
防火网用于防止火星进入舱室。 -
第15题：
This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.A:turned dead
B:passed by
C:carried away
D:become extinct答案：D解析：本句意思：这个物种几近灭绝，因为它的栖息地正遭受着破坏。die out(指物种、家族、习 惯、观念等）绝迹，消失，绝种，灭绝。extinct灭绝的，绝种的，消逝的，破灭的；turn dead死去； pass by经过；carry away拿走，带走，使激动，使着迷。 -
第16题：
This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.A:turned dead
B:passed by
C:carried away
D:become extinct答案：D解析：本句意思：由于栖息地遭到破坏，这一物种几乎已经灭绝。die out意思为“灭绝，绝迹”, 与become extinct（灭绝，绝种）意思相近。turn dead死掉；pass by经过；carry away带走。 -
第17题：
The core of Socrates’s philosophy is( )A.dialectic
B.the good
C.knowledge of the true self
D.purposes through one’s lifetime答案：C解析：
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第18题：
单选题According to lines 50－58 of Passage 2, microevolution ______.Ahas never actually been observed, but is believed to be theoretically possible
Bis the series of small changes that transforms one species into another
Clacks evidence, and therefore should not be considered a scientific fact
Dis an evolutionary process involving small changes within a species
Eoccurs wherever there are environmental changes in a species' habitat
正确答案： B解析：
文中最后一段第一句提到微进化是“the existence of small changes within a species,”这个过程，故选D项。 -
第19题：
填空题One of the purposes of reforestation projects is to protect the habitat and prevent species loss.____正确答案： C解析：
根据题干信息“reforestation projects”可以定位到C段，重新造林项目的目的是增加现存树木的数量、把现留的热带雨林连接在一起，故匹配段落为C段。 -
第20题：
判断题Dwarfism is one frequent trend observed in many island species.A对
B错
正确答案： 对解析：
从录音中提到的“One frequent trend observed in such island species, at least when they are large mammals, is dwarfism”，可知许多岛上生物经常会出现侏儒症（dwarfism）这一现象。
【录音原文】
Islands are famous for generating indigenous species from whatever biological material pitches up on them. One frequent trend observed in such island species, at least when they are large mammals, is dwarfism. Elephants seem particularly susceptible. The last mammoths, which lived on an island off the coast of Siberia, were, paradoxically, dwarfs. Similar elephantine examples are known from Malta, Sicily and, indeed, Flores itself. And the same thing has been observed in cattle, too. -
第21题：
单选题Which of the following statement is true, according to the above message?ASingapore has lost 28 percent of its native forest habitat since 1819.
BSingapore has lost nearly 95 percent of its overall biodiversity since 1819.
CAll of Singapore’s surviving species are concentrated in one-quarter of the country’s total area.
DMost of Singapore’s surviving species are concentrated in land designated as forest reserves.
正确答案： A解析：
根据录音最后提到的“…more than half of Singapore’s surviving species are concentrated in…land designated as forest reserves”，可知如今新加坡超过一半（即大多数）现存物种都集中在被指定为森林保护区的地方。故选项D正确。
【录音原文】
Examining historical and modern species records from Singapore and neighboring Malaysia, researchers found that Singapore has lost 95% of its native forest habitat and nearly 28% of its overall biodiversity since 1819, when the British established a colony on the island. Today, more than half of Singapore’s surviving species are concentrated in just one-quarter of a percent of the country’s total area, in land designated as forest reserves. -
第22题：
填空题The quick-growing exotic tree species are replanted in the deforested land because they can help prevent soil erosion.____正确答案： E解析：
根据题于信息“quick-growing exotic tree species”可以定位到E段“Replanting deforested land with quick-growing exotic tree species, like eucalyptus or Australian acacia, can help solve immediate problems such as soil erosion and elevated carbon levels.”，故匹配段落为E段。 -
第23题：
问答题Practice 6 Yet just as we are beginning to recognize the tremendous diversity of life in these areas, along with the potential benefits newly found species may hold for human society in the form of potential food products and new medicines, they are at risk of being lost forever. With enhanced ability both to identify where these species-rich areas are located and to trawl in deeper water than before, commercial fishing vessels are now beginning to reach down with nets the size of football fields, catching everything in their path while simultaneously crushing fragile corals and breaking up the delicate structure of reefs and seamounts that provide critical habitat to the countless species of fish and other marine life that inhabit the deep ocean floor. Because deep sea bottom trawling is a recent phenomenon, the damage that has been done is still limited. If steps are taken quickly to prevent this kind of destructive activity from occurring on the high seas, the benefits both to the marine environment and to future generations are incalculable. And they far outweigh the short-term costs to the fishing industry.正确答案： 【参考译文】
当我们现在刚刚开始认识这些地区极其丰富的生物多样性,并发现这些新物种可能为人类社会带来好处时——如新食品和新药品,这些地区却面临着永远消失的危险。由于确定物种丰富地区的能路增强,由于拖网捕涝能到达比过去更深的区域,商业渔船可把足球场大小的拖网撒入海中,碰上什么捕捞什么,同时损坏了脆弱的珊瑚,破坏礁石和海底山的脆弱结构,而正是这些东西为生活在深海海底的无数鱼类和其它海洋生物提供了赖以生存的场所。
因为深海海底拖网捕捞是最近才出现的一种现象,它所造成的损害还是有限的。如能赶紧采取措施防止这些在公海上的破坏活动,它为海洋环境和子孙后代带来的好处将是无法估量的。这些好处将远远超过渔业短期内需承担的花费。解析： 暂无解析 -
第24题：
单选题The passage is focused on _____.Ahow the scientists tried to protect endangered species
Bhow the symbolic endangered species has been chosen
Cthe relation between global warming and endangered species
Dthe problems in and the future of endangered species protection
正确答案： A解析：
本文介绍了Siegel选择警示全球变暖危害的象征动物的过程。