填空题According to Prof. Schkade, when one has the sense of accomplishment in work, he will find work’s real pleasure.____

Passage 1
"THE SERVANT"(1963) is one of those films that it is impossible to forget. The servant ex-ploits his master′s weaknesses until he turns the tables: the story ends with the a cringing masterministering to a lordly servant. It is hard to watch it today without thinking of another awkward rela-tionship-the one between business folk and their smartphones.
Smart devices are sometimes empowering. They put a world of information at our fingertips.
But for most people the servant has become the master. Not long ago only doctors were on call allthe time. Now everybody is. Bosses think nothing of invading their employees′ free time. Work in-vades the home far more than domestic chores invade the office.
Hyperconnectivity exaggerates the decline of certainty and the general cult of flexibility. Smart-phones make it easier for managers to change their minds at the last moment. Employees find it everharder to distinguish between "on-time" and "off-time"--and indeed between real work and make-work. None of this is good for businesspeople′ s marriages or mental health. It may be bad for busi-ness, too. When bosses change their minds at the last minute, it is hard to plan for the future.
How can we reap the benefits of connectivity without becoming its slaves One solution is digital dieting. Banning browsing before breakfast can reintroduce a small amount of civilization. Ban-ning texting at weekends or, say, on Thursdays, can really show the iPhone who is boss.
The problem with this approach is that it works only if you live on a desert island or at the bot-tom of a lake. Leslie Perlow of Harvard Business School argues that for most people the only way tobreak the 24/7 habit is to act collectively rather than individually. One of the world′s most hard-working organisations, the Boston Consulting Group, introduced rules about when people were ex-pected to be offiine, and encouraged them to work together to make this possible. Eventually itforced people to work more productively while reducing burnout.
Ms Perlow′ s advice should be taken seriously. The problem of hyperconnectivity will only getworse, as smartphones become smarter and young digital natives take over the workforce. But ulti-mately it is up to companies to outsmart the smartphones by insisting that everyone turn them offfrom time to time.
Smart devices have become the master mainly because __________.

A.everybody is on call all the time

B.bosses invade their employees' free time

C.managers easily change their minds at the last moment

D.employees find it harder to distinguish between real work and make-work

根据下面资料，回答
A proverb from ancient China was widely spread in the West: "If you want to be happy for a few hours, go to get drunk; if you want the happiness to last three years, get married; if you want lifetime happiness, take up gardening." The reason for the last is this: Gardening is not only useful, but it helps you to identify yourself with nature, and thus brings you new joy each day besides improving your health.
A research of a US university that I′ve read gives a definition of happiness as what makes a person feel comfortably pleased. To put it simply, happiness is an active state of mind where one thinks one′ s life is meaningful, satisfactory and comfortable. This should be something lasting rather than transitory.
Lots of people regard it the happiest to be at leisure. But according to a study, it is not a person with plenty of leisure but one at work that feels happy, especially those busy with work having little time for leisure. Happiness does not mean gains one is after but a desire to harvest what one is seeking for. People often do not treasure what they already have but desire what they cannot get. That is somewhat like a man with fond dreams of numerous lovers while unwilling to settle down with the woman beside him.
Happiness is a game balancing between two ends--what one has and what one wishes for, i.e. one′s dream and the possibility to realize it. The study comes to this conclusion: A happy man is one who aims high but never forgets his actual situation; one who meets challenges that develop his ability and potentiality; one who′s proud of his achievements and the recognition given to him. He has self-respect and self-confidence; treasures his own identity and loves freedom. He is sociable and enjoys wide range communication with others; he′s helpful and ready to accept assistance. He knows he is able to bear sufferings and failures; he is sensible enough to get fun from daily work. He is a man capable of love and passion.
Who is more likely to be unhappy according to the study?

A.The man who is ambitious regardless of his actual situation.
B.The one who has self-esteem and has confidence in himself.
C.The one who can take pleasure in communicating with others.
D.The one who always helps others and also accepts help from others.

According to the passage, if a student' s school record is not good, he___________.

A.will be a complete failure in his future work
B.will not be able to find a suitable job
C.will regret not having worked harder at school
D.may do well in his future work

Building a house costs quite a lot of money. Suppose you plan to build a house. Your first step will be to find a right piece of land. Your choice will depend on many different things. You will probably try to find a sunny place, with pleasant surroundings near shops and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work.
Next you will find a good builder, and together with the builder you will work out a plan. The builder will draw the plan. It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts, which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets. The builder will work out how much money is needed to build your house. He will work out the cost of the wood, bricks, the glass, and everything else that must be used in building the house. Later on, when he starts to build, this estimate must be corrected and revised. His estimate is based on existing prices, but prices of such things may change, and many other things may happen between the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house.
When the builder gives his estimate, you may wish to change your plan. (You may also wish to change your builder, if his estimate is too high! ) You may find that the house you wanted at first costs too much, or that you can spend a little more and add something to your plan. The builder's estimate depends on the plan, but the final plan depends on the builder's estimate.
The first thing for a person to build a house is ______

A.to get as much money as possible
B.to find a suitable piece of land
C.to work out a plan
D.to make an estimate

共用题干
第一篇

Don't Be Workaholic

Workaholic and working hard are quite different.
Working hard involves being organized,focused,getting a lot of work done,knowing when to stop,and having a life other than work.Workaholics,on the other hand,are often disorganized,always find reasons for working more,feel lost without work to do,hide from problems through work, don't know how or when to relax,bring work home from the office,can't communicate well with fellow workers and family members and have unbalanced,one-dimensional lives.
Workaholics,like those who are constantly drunk,suffer from a controlling habit,usually defined as compelling behavior despite negative consequences.They are sometimes pushed into their habit by their work beliefs,by workaholic role models,and by a work system that automatically sanctions workaholism,Despite lip service to the contrary,most employers want loyal employees who work longer hours,rewarding them with higher pay and better benefits.In many companies,workers unwilling to burn the midnight oil are at risk.Certainly,they hazard their jobs by working normal hours.Americans tend to become trapped in a working and spending consumption mode,driven by merchants,that leads them to rack up their expectations.
According to some psychology counselors,workaholism can be both good and bad for us.It can fuel a sense of self-worth and accomplishment. And we get paid for it and praised for it,which produces good feelings we may not necessarily be able to attain in other parts of our lives.

What does the word"sanctions"mean in paragraph 3?
A:Forbids.
B:Encourage.
C:Approve.
D:Interdicts.

共用题干
第一篇

Don't Be Workaholic

Workaholic and working hard are quite different.
Working hard involves being organized,focused,getting a lot of work done,knowing when to stop,and having a life other than work.Workaholics,on the other hand,are often disorganized,always find reasons for working more,feel lost without work to do,hide from problems through work, don't know how or when to relax,bring work home from the office,can't communicate well with fellow workers and family members and have unbalanced,one-dimensional lives.
Workaholics,like those who are constantly drunk,suffer from a controlling habit,usually defined as compelling behavior despite negative consequences.They are sometimes pushed into their habit by their work beliefs,by workaholic role models,and by a work system that automatically sanctions workaholism,Despite lip service to the contrary,most employers want loyal employees who work longer hours,rewarding them with higher pay and better benefits.In many companies,workers unwilling to burn the midnight oil are at risk.Certainly,they hazard their jobs by working normal hours.Americans tend to become trapped in a working and spending consumption mode,driven by merchants,that leads them to rack up their expectations.
According to some psychology counselors,workaholism can be both good and bad for us.It can fuel a sense of self-worth and accomplishment. And we get paid for it and praised for it,which produces good feelings we may not necessarily be able to attain in other parts of our lives.

Which of the following is not the symptom of being workaholic?
A:Always find reasons for working more.
B:Feel lost without work to do.
C:Don't know how or when to relax.
D:Get a lot of work done.

共用题干
第一篇

Don't Be Workaholic

Workaholic and working hard are quite different.
Working hard involves being organized,focused,getting a lot of work done,knowing when to stop,and having a life other than work.Workaholics,on the other hand,are often disorganized,always find reasons for working more,feel lost without work to do,hide from problems through work, don't know how or when to relax,bring work home from the office,can't communicate well with fellow workers and family members and have unbalanced,one-dimensional lives.
Workaholics,like those who are constantly drunk,suffer from a controlling habit,usually defined as compelling behavior despite negative consequences.They are sometimes pushed into their habit by their work beliefs,by workaholic role models,and by a work system that automatically sanctions workaholism,Despite lip service to the contrary,most employers want loyal employees who work longer hours,rewarding them with higher pay and better benefits.In many companies,workers unwilling to burn the midnight oil are at risk.Certainly,they hazard their jobs by working normal hours.Americans tend to become trapped in a working and spending consumption mode,driven by merchants,that leads them to rack up their expectations.
According to some psychology counselors,workaholism can be both good and bad for us.It can fuel a sense of self-worth and accomplishment. And we get paid for it and praised for it,which produces good feelings we may not necessarily be able to attain in other parts of our lives.

According to the passage,which of the following descriptions about workaholics is correct?
A:They are constantly drunk.
B:They suffer from a controlling habit.
C:Their behaviors have only negative consequences.
D:They all suffer mental diseases.

Ron was an engineer.He planned a change and tried the new job of teaching kids how to swim.Ron′s easy?manner soon made him a full-time employee at the swim school.
Now,the 40 hours he works a week takes in weekends,early mornings and late afternoons.He earns around?25%less than he did in engineering.But,at 49,he says he has never been happier."I′ve had a drop in pay,but I′ve?cut back on spending,too.I seldom drive to work so don′t have to pay as much for petrol（汽油）.I don′t drink as much.I go walking in my lunch break and I′ve lost 20 kilos.I love going to work.The whole family is a lot happier."
When one of his brothers called,offering to help him find"a real i oh",he answered,"I don′t care.I know what?I′m doing is good."
He admits it was fearful making such a big change when there was the mortgage（分期付款）to pay and kids to clothe and feed,but in the end he feels it is a simple choice."If you′re in a job you don′t like,get out.Money′s not?everything.If you don′t like it,change—find something you′re going to be happy with."

How does Ron manage to cut back on spending?

A.He spends less on clothes.
B.He calls his brothers less.
C.He drives less.
D.He has less food for lunch.

Ron was an engineer.He planned a change and tried the new job of teaching kids how to swim.Ron′s easy?manner soon made him a full-time employee at the swim school.
Now,the 40 hours he works a week takes in weekends,early mornings and late afternoons.He earns around?25%less than he did in engineering.But,at 49,he says he has never been happier."I′ve had a drop in pay,but I′ve?cut back on spending,too.I seldom drive to work so don′t have to pay as much for petrol（汽油）.I don′t drink as much.I go walking in my lunch break and I′ve lost 20 kilos.I love going to work.The whole family is a lot happier."
When one of his brothers called,offering to help him find"a real i oh",he answered,"I don′t care.I know what?I′m doing is good."
He admits it was fearful making such a big change when there was the mortgage（分期付款）to pay and kids to clothe and feed,but in the end he feels it is a simple choice."If you′re in a job you don′t like,get out.Money′s not?everything.If you don′t like it,change—find something you′re going to be happy with."

What is Ron′s new job like?

A.Well-paid.
B.Interesting.
C.Easy to do.
D.No free time.

The whole passage centers on__________.

A.choosing a career according to what one is skilled in
B.acquiring knowledge by working hard at school
C.finding one's strong and weak points
D.developing one's abilities useful in school work

根据下面资料，回答
A proverb from ancient China was widely spread in the West: "If you want to be happy for a few hours, go to get drunk; if you want the happiness to last three years, get married; if you want lifetime happiness, take up gardening." The reason for the last is this: Gardening is not only useful, but it helps you to identify yourself with nature, and thus brings you new joy each day besides improving your health.
A research of a US university that I′ve read gives a definition of happiness as what makes a person feel comfortably pleased. To put it simply, happiness is an active state of mind where one thinks one′ s life is meaningful, satisfactory and comfortable. This should be something lasting rather than transitory.
Lots of people regard it the happiest to be at leisure. But according to a study, it is not a person with plenty of leisure but one at work that feels happy, especially those busy with work having little time for leisure. Happiness does not mean gains one is after but a desire to harvest what one is seeking for. People often do not treasure what they already have but desire what they cannot get. That is somewhat like a man with fond dreams of numerous lovers while unwilling to settle down with the woman beside him.
Happiness is a game balancing between two ends--what one has and what one wishes for, i.e. one′s dream and the possibility to realize it. The study comes to this conclusion: A happy man is one who aims high but never forgets his actual situation; one who meets challenges that develop his ability and potentiality; one who′s proud of his achievements and the recognition given to him. He has self-respect and self-confidence; treasures his own identity and loves freedom. He is sociable and enjoys wide range communication with others; he′s helpful and ready to accept assistance. He knows he is able to bear sufferings and failures; he is sensible enough to get fun from daily work. He is a man capable of love and passion.
The research of the US university found that most people feel happy when they_____________.

A.are after their goals
B.work as gardeners
C.are at leisure
D.have great leisure

Building a house costs quite a lot of money. Suppose you plan to build a house. Your first step will be to find a right piece of land. Your choice will depend on many different things. You will probably try to find a sunny place, with pleasant surroundings near shops and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work.
Next you will find a good builder, and together with the builder you will work out a plan. The builder will draw the plan. It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts, which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets. The builder will work out how much money is needed to build your house. He will work out the cost of the wood, bricks, the glass, and everything else that must be used in building the house. Later on, when he starts to build, this estimate must be corrected and revised. His estimate is based on existing prices, but prices of such things may change, and many other things may happen between the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house.
When the builder gives his estimate, you may wish to change your plan. (You may also wish to change your builder, if his estimate is too high! ) You may find that the house you wanted at first costs too much, or that you can spend a little more and add something to your plan. The builder's estimate depends on the plan, but the final plan depends on the builder's estimate.
What is the relationship between the estimate and the plan?

A.The plan depends on the estimate
B.The estimate depends on the plan
C.The plan has nothing to do with the estimate
D.The estimate and the plan depend on each other

The whole passage centers on

A.choosing a career according to what one is skilled in___________.
B.acquiring knowledge by working hard at school
C.finding one's strong and weak points
D.developing one's abilities useful in school work

共用题干
第一篇

Don't Be Workaholic

Workaholic and working hard are quite different.
Working hard involves being organized,focused,getting a lot of work done,knowing when to stop,and having a life other than work.Workaholics,on the other hand,are often disorganized,always find reasons for working more,feel lost without work to do,hide from problems through work, don't know how or when to relax,bring work home from the office,can't communicate well with fellow workers and family members and have unbalanced,one-dimensional lives.
Workaholics,like those who are constantly drunk,suffer from a controlling habit,usually defined as compelling behavior despite negative consequences.They are sometimes pushed into their habit by their work beliefs,by workaholic role models,and by a work system that automatically sanctions workaholism,Despite lip service to the contrary,most employers want loyal employees who work longer hours,rewarding them with higher pay and better benefits.In many companies,workers unwilling to burn the midnight oil are at risk.Certainly,they hazard their jobs by working normal hours.Americans tend to become trapped in a working and spending consumption mode,driven by merchants,that leads them to rack up their expectations.
According to some psychology counselors,workaholism can be both good and bad for us.It can fuel a sense of self-worth and accomplishment. And we get paid for it and praised for it,which produces good feelings we may not necessarily be able to attain in other parts of our lives.

According to the passage,which of the following statements is correct?
A:In all companies,workers unwilling to burn the midnight oil are at risk.
B:Workaholism can only be bad for us.
C:Working and spending consumption mode drives Americans to rack up to their expectations.
D:The good feelings workaholism produces can be got in other parts of our lives.

共用题干
第一篇

Don't Be Workaholic

Workaholic and working hard are quite different.
Working hard involves being organized,focused,getting a lot of work done,knowing when to stop,and having a life other than work.Workaholics,on the other hand,are often disorganized,always find reasons for working more,feel lost without work to do,hide from problems through work, don't know how or when to relax,bring work home from the office,can't communicate well with fellow workers and family members and have unbalanced,one-dimensional lives.
Workaholics,like those who are constantly drunk,suffer from a controlling habit,usually defined as compelling behavior despite negative consequences.They are sometimes pushed into their habit by their work beliefs,by workaholic role models,and by a work system that automatically sanctions workaholism,Despite lip service to the contrary,most employers want loyal employees who work longer hours,rewarding them with higher pay and better benefits.In many companies,workers unwilling to burn the midnight oil are at risk.Certainly,they hazard their jobs by working normal hours.Americans tend to become trapped in a working and spending consumption mode,driven by merchants,that leads them to rack up their expectations.
According to some psychology counselors,workaholism can be both good and bad for us.It can fuel a sense of self-worth and accomplishment. And we get paid for it and praised for it,which produces good feelings we may not necessarily be able to attain in other parts of our lives.

What does the phrase"lip service"refer to in paragraph 3?
A:Employer's words which is not supported by real conviction.
B:Words employees say to flatter their employer.
C:The service a company provide to its customers.
D:The service provided to employees.

People appreciate ______ with himbecause he has a good sense of humor.

A.to work
B.to have worked
C.working
D.having worked

Ron was an engineer.He planned a change and tried the new job of teaching kids how to swim.Ron′s easy?manner soon made him a full-time employee at the swim school.
Now,the 40 hours he works a week takes in weekends,early mornings and late afternoons.He earns around?25%less than he did in engineering.But,at 49,he says he has never been happier."I′ve had a drop in pay,but I′ve?cut back on spending,too.I seldom drive to work so don′t have to pay as much for petrol（汽油）.I don′t drink as much.I go walking in my lunch break and I′ve lost 20 kilos.I love going to work.The whole family is a lot happier."
When one of his brothers called,offering to help him find"a real i oh",he answered,"I don′t care.I know what?I′m doing is good."
He admits it was fearful making such a big change when there was the mortgage（分期付款）to pay and kids to clothe and feed,but in the end he feels it is a simple choice."If you′re in a job you don′t like,get out.Money′s not?everything.If you don′t like it,change—find something you′re going to be happy with."

What′s Ron′s advice to the readers?

A.Stick to the job if you have kids to raise.
B.Change the job if you don't like it any more.
C.Stick to the job if you have mortgage to pay.
D.Change the job if you don't get enough money.