单选题This company is closing up, so lots of workers will be laid _____.A downB outC offD aside

Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict," he jokes． "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday)． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday"． "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing．" said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes' One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work． Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
According to this passage, which of the following is FALSE? ( )

A. Many workers don't like a conservative dress code．
B. Comfortable clothes make workers more productive．
C. A casual clothes code is welcomed by young workers．
D. All the employers in the U．S． are for casual office wear．

Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict," he jokes． "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday)． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday"． "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing．" said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes' One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work． Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT． ( )

A. saving worker's money
B. making workers more attractive
C. improving worker's feeling
D. making workers happier

Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict," he jokes． "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday)． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday"． "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing．" said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes' One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work． Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ______

A. they make him feel at ease when working
B. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
C. he looks handsome in casual clothes
D. he no longer works for any company

共用题干
The Worker 's Role in Management
Traditionally,it has been the workers'role to work and management's role to manage.Managers have planned and directed the firm's operations with little thought of consulting the labor force.Managers have rarely felt compelled（被迫的）to obtain the workers ' opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees.At most,companies have provided"suggestion boxes"in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures.In recent years,however,many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor-they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management.Furthermore,major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents.This is
particularly true of plant closings,which may put thousands on the unemployment lines.Should workers, then,play a stronger role in management?
Workers should have a role in management.At the very least,the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions(A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions).Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs（失业）,often with no warning.At least 90 days'notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust.Management should consult workers before closing a plant,because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.
It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making.There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm's board of directors or other major policymaking groups.If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow,they will help to make improvements,their morale will rise,and their productivity will increase.As a further incentive,they must be given a share in the company's profits.This can be done through employee stock-ownership plans,bonuses,or rewards for efficiency and productivity.Finally,when a plant can no longer operate at a profit,the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.

It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that managers______.
A:seldom obtained workers'opinions
B:were not qualified
C:disliked"suggestion boxes"
D:never consulted the labor force

共用题干
The Worker 's Role in Management
Traditionally,it has been the workers'role to work and management's role to manage.Managers have planned and directed the firm's operations with little thought of consulting the labor force.Managers have rarely felt compelled（被迫的）to obtain the workers ' opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees.At most,companies have provided"suggestion boxes"in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures.In recent years,however,many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor-they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management.Furthermore,major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents.This is
particularly true of plant closings,which may put thousands on the unemployment lines.Should workers, then,play a stronger role in management?
Workers should have a role in management.At the very least,the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions(A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions).Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs（失业）,often with no warning.At least 90 days'notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust.Management should consult workers before closing a plant,because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.
It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making.There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm's board of directors or other major policymaking groups.If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow,they will help to make improvements,their morale will rise,and their productivity will increase.As a further incentive,they must be given a share in the company's profits.This can be done through employee stock-ownership plans,bonuses,or rewards for efficiency and productivity.Finally,when a plant can no longer operate at a profit,the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.

If not given a voice in managerial decision making,workers______.
A:may lack the incentive to increase their productivity
B:cannot get a share in the company's profits
C:can still get bonuses for efficiency and productivity
D:will not have the opportunity to purchase the plant

Up to now ，the work has been easy.

A: So
B:.So long
C:.So that
D: So far

Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict," he jokes． "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday)． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday"． "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing．" said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes' One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work． Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
David Smith refers to himself as be-ring been "a clothes addict" because_____．

A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B. he couldn't stand a clean appearance
C. he wanted his clothes to look tidy and clean all the time
D. he didn't want to spend much money on clothes

Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict," he jokes． "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes--khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday)． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday"． "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing．" said business adviser Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes' One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work． Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago．
B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s．
C. "Dress-down Friday" was first given as a favor from employers．
D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people．

共用题干
The Worker 's Role in Management
Traditionally,it has been the workers'role to work and management's role to manage.Managers have planned and directed the firm's operations with little thought of consulting the labor force.Managers have rarely felt compelled（被迫的）to obtain the workers ' opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees.At most,companies have provided"suggestion boxes"in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures.In recent years,however,many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor-they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management.Furthermore,major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents.This is
particularly true of plant closings,which may put thousands on the unemployment lines.Should workers, then,play a stronger role in management?
Workers should have a role in management.At the very least,the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions(A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions).Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs（失业）,often with no warning.At least 90 days'notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust.Management should consult workers before closing a plant,because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.
It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making.There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm's board of directors or other major policymaking groups.If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow,they will help to make improvements,their morale will rise,and their productivity will increase.As a further incentive,they must be given a share in the company's profits.This can be done through employee stock-ownership plans,bonuses,or rewards for efficiency and productivity.Finally,when a plant can no longer operate at a profit,the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.

According to the passage,what happened between 1980 and 1985?
A:Managers consulted workers before closing a plant.
B:Workers did not make necessary concessions.
C:About five million workers were laid off without advance notice.
D:Many companies were closed because of strikes.

共用题干
The Worker 's Role in Management
Traditionally,it has been the workers'role to work and management's role to manage.Managers have planned and directed the firm's operations with little thought of consulting the labor force.Managers have rarely felt compelled（被迫的）to obtain the workers ' opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees.At most,companies have provided"suggestion boxes"in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures.In recent years,however,many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor-they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management.Furthermore,major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents.This is
particularly true of plant closings,which may put thousands on the unemployment lines.Should workers, then,play a stronger role in management?
Workers should have a role in management.At the very least,the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions(A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions).Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs（失业）,often with no warning.At least 90 days'notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust.Management should consult workers before closing a plant,because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.
It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making.There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm's board of directors or other major policymaking groups.If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow,they will help to make improvements,their morale will rise,and their productivity will increase.As a further incentive,they must be given a share in the company's profits.This can be done through employee stock-ownership plans,bonuses,or rewards for efficiency and productivity.Finally,when a plant can no longer operate at a profit,the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.

In recent years,many management specialists have been arguing that workers______.
A:are no longer sellers of the products
B:are less affected by company decisions than before
C:are able to make final decisions for the company
D:should have a say in management of the company

共用题干
The Worker 's Role in Management
Traditionally,it has been the workers'role to work and management's role to manage.Managers have planned and directed the firm's operations with little thought of consulting the labor force.Managers have rarely felt compelled（被迫的）to obtain the workers ' opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees.At most,companies have provided"suggestion boxes"in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures.In recent years,however,many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor-they have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management.Furthermore,major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents.This is
particularly true of plant closings,which may put thousands on the unemployment lines.Should workers, then,play a stronger role in management?
Workers should have a role in management.At the very least,the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions(A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions).Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs（失业）,often with no warning.At least 90 days'notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust.Management should consult workers before closing a plant,because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.
It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making.There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm's board of directors or other major policymaking groups.If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow,they will help to make improvements,their morale will rise,and their productivity will increase.As a further incentive,they must be given a share in the company's profits.This can be done through employee stock-ownership plans,bonuses,or rewards for efficiency and productivity.Finally,when a plant can no longer operate at a profit,the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.

The word"rank-and-file" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to______.
A:senior
B:ordinary
C:intelligent
D:capable

Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock,supplies to Yushu,Qinghai（ ）province after the earthquake.

A.sending
B.to send
C.having sent
D.to have sent