单选题The cure for lung cancer _____.A can be found before longB is available if one needs itC is unknown at presentD will be found before you need it

共用题干
1. Do you know a child who survived leukemia（白血病）?Do you have a mother , sister or aunt whose breast cancer was found early thanks to a mammogram（乳腺X光照片）?Do you have a friend or coworker who quit smoking to reduce their risk of lung cancer? Each of these individuals benefited from the American Cancer Society's research program.
2.Each day scientists supported by the American Cancer Society work to find breakthroughs that will take US one step closer to a cure.The American Cancer Society has long recognized that research holds the ultimate answers to the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
3.As the largest source of nonprofit cancer research funds in the United States,the American Cancer Society devotes over $100 million each year to research.Since 1946,they've invested more than $2. 4 billion in research. The investment has paid rich dividends（回报、效益）.In 1946,only one in four cancer patients was alive five years after diagnosis;today 60 percent live longer than five years.
4.Investigators and health professionals in universities,research institutes and hospitals throughout the country receive grants from the American Cancer Society.Of the more than 1,300 new applications received each year,only 11 percent can be funded.If the American Cancer Society had more money available for research funding,nearly 200 more applications considered outstanding could be funded each year.
5.You can help fund more of these applications by participating in the American Cancer Society Relay（接力）for Life,a team event to fight cancer. More funding means more cancer breakthroughs and more lives being saved.To learn more,call Donna Hood,chair with the Neosho Relay for Life of the American Cancer Society at 451-4880.

Many outstanding applications are turned down each year for__________.
A:lack of funding
B:many cancer patients
C:more lives being saved
D:more than five years
E:the ultimate answers
F: more funding

共用题干
1. Do you know a child who survived leukemia（白血病）?Do you have a mother , sister or aunt whose breast cancer was found early thanks to a mammogram（乳腺X光照片）?Do you have a friend or coworker who quit smoking to reduce their risk of lung cancer? Each of these individuals benefited from the American Cancer Society's research program.
2.Each day scientists supported by the American Cancer Society work to find breakthroughs that will take US one step closer to a cure.The American Cancer Society has long recognized that research holds the ultimate answers to the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
3.As the largest source of nonprofit cancer research funds in the United States,the American Cancer Society devotes over $100 million each year to research.Since 1946,they've invested more than $2. 4 billion in research. The investment has paid rich dividends（回报、效益）.In 1946,only one in four cancer patients was alive five years after diagnosis;today 60 percent live longer than five years.
4.Investigators and health professionals in universities,research institutes and hospitals throughout the country receive grants from the American Cancer Society.Of the more than 1,300 new applications received each year,only 11 percent can be funded.If the American Cancer Society had more money available for research funding,nearly 200 more applications considered outstanding could be funded each year.
5.You can help fund more of these applications by participating in the American Cancer Society Relay（接力）for Life,a team event to fight cancer. More funding means more cancer breakthroughs and more lives being saved.To learn more,call Donna Hood,chair with the Neosho Relay for Life of the American Cancer Society at 451-4880.

Paragraph 3_________
A:What Could Be Done with More Money
B:Establishment of the American Cancer Society
C:Significance of Funded Research
D:Other Sources of Funding for Cancer Research
E:Benefits Achieved Through Investment
F:How You Can Offer Help

It is reported that some scientists in the United States have found a new __________for cancer.

A.way
B.answer
C.approach
D.cure

共用题干
第二篇

CT Scans and Lung Cancer

Small or slow-growing nodules（小结节）discovered on a lung scan are unlikely to develop into tumors
over the next two years,researchers reported on Wednesday.
The findings,reported in the New England Journal of Medicine,could help doctors decide when to do
more aggressive testing for lung cancer. They could also help patients avoid unnecessarily aggressive and
potentially harmful testing when lesions（损伤）are found.
Lung cancer,the biggest cancer killer in the United States and globally,is often not diagnosed until it
has spread. It kills 159,000 people a year in the United States alone.
The work is part of a larger effort to develop guidelines to help doctors decide what to do when such
growths,often discovered by accident,appear in a scan.
High-tech（高技术的）X-rays called CT scans can detect tumors一but they see all sorts of other blobs
（模糊的一团）that are not tumors , and often the only way to tell the difference is to take a biopsy（活检）,
a dangerous procedure.
At the moment,routine lung cancer screening is considered impractical because of its high cost and
because too many healthy people are called back for further testing.
Good guidelines could help make lung cancer screening practical,Dr. Rob van Kiaveren of the Erasmus
Medical Center in Rotterdam,the Netherlands,who led the new study,said in a telephone interview.
The team looked at 7,557 people at high risk for lung cancer because they were current or former
smokers. All received multidetector（多层螺旋）CT scans that measured the size of any suspicious-looking
nodules.
Volunteers who had nodules over 9.7 mm in width,or had growth of 4. 6 mm that grew fast enough to more
than double in volume every 400 days,were sent for further testing. Of the 196 people who fell into that category,
70 were found to have lung cancer;10 additional cases were found years later.
But of the 7 ,361 who tested negative during screening,only 20 lung cancer cases later developed.
In a second round of screening done one year after the first,1.8 percent were sent to the doctor because they
had a nodule that was large or fast-growing. More than half turned out to have lung cancer.
The result means that if the screening test says you don't have lung cancer,you probably don't,the re-
searchers said."The chances of finding lung cancer one or two years after a negative first-round test were
1 in 1,000 and 3 in 1,000 respectively,"they concluded.

All the following statements are true EXCEPT__________.
A:a relatively small number of the volunteers had large or fast-growing nodules
B:almost all those with large or fast-growing nodules were found to have lung cancer
C:all the volunteers were at high risk for lung cancer
D:most of the volunteers tested negative during screening

共用题干
第二篇

CT Scans and Lung Cancer

Small or slow-growing nodules（小结节）discovered on a lung scan are unlikely to develop into tumors
over the next two years,researchers reported on Wednesday.
The findings,reported in the New England Journal of Medicine,could help doctors decide when to do
more aggressive testing for lung cancer. They could also help patients avoid unnecessarily aggressive and
potentially harmful testing when lesions（损伤）are found.
Lung cancer,the biggest cancer killer in the United States and globally,is often not diagnosed until it
has spread. It kills 159,000 people a year in the United States alone.
The work is part of a larger effort to develop guidelines to help doctors decide what to do when such
growths,often discovered by accident,appear in a scan.
High-tech（高技术的）X-rays called CT scans can detect tumors一but they see all sorts of other blobs
（模糊的一团）that are not tumors , and often the only way to tell the difference is to take a biopsy（活检）,
a dangerous procedure.
At the moment,routine lung cancer screening is considered impractical because of its high cost and
because too many healthy people are called back for further testing.
Good guidelines could help make lung cancer screening practical,Dr. Rob van Kiaveren of the Erasmus
Medical Center in Rotterdam,the Netherlands,who led the new study,said in a telephone interview.
The team looked at 7,557 people at high risk for lung cancer because they were current or former
smokers. All received multidetector（多层螺旋）CT scans that measured the size of any suspicious-looking
nodules.
Volunteers who had nodules over 9.7 mm in width,or had growth of 4. 6 mm that grew fast enough to more
than double in volume every 400 days,were sent for further testing. Of the 196 people who fell into that category,
70 were found to have lung cancer;10 additional cases were found years later.
But of the 7 ,361 who tested negative during screening,only 20 lung cancer cases later developed.
In a second round of screening done one year after the first,1.8 percent were sent to the doctor because they
had a nodule that was large or fast-growing. More than half turned out to have lung cancer.
The result means that if the screening test says you don't have lung cancer,you probably don't,the re-
searchers said."The chances of finding lung cancer one or two years after a negative first-round test were
1 in 1,000 and 3 in 1,000 respectively,"they concluded.

In the eyes of the researchers,the percentages given in the last paragraph__________.
A:are somewhat inaccurate
B:are pretty small
C:are rather high
D:are quite unbelievable

Tom had once worked in a city office in London,but now he is out of work.He had a large family?to support,so he often found himself in difficulty.He often visited Mr.White on Sundays,told him about?his troubles,and asked for two or three pounds.
Mr.White,a man with a kind heart,found it difficult to refuse the money,though he himself?was poor.Tom had already received more than thirty pounds from Mr.White,but he always seemed?to be in need of some more.
One day,after telling Mr.White a long story of his troubles,Tom asked for five pounds.
Mr.White had heard this sort of thing before,but he listened patiently to the end.Then he?said,"I understand your difficulties,Tom.I′d like to help you.But I′m not going to give you five?pounds this time.I′11 lend you the money,and you can pay me off next time you see me."
Tom took the money,but he never appeared again.

Every time Tom went to Mr.White,he would__________

A.directly ask for some money
B.give some reasons before asking for money
C.give reasons and then borrow five pounds
D.ask for money before explaining his troubles

共用题干
第二篇

Study Says Dogs Can Smell Cancer

Dogs are known for their sense of smell.They can find missing people and things like
bombs and illegal drugs.Now a study suggests that the animal known as man's best friend
can even find bladder（膀胱）cancer.
Cancer cells are thought to produce chemicals with unusual odors（气味）.
Researchers think dogs have the ability to smell these odors,even in very small
amounts,in urine（尿）.The sense of smell in dogs is thousands of times better than
in humans.
The study follows reports of cases where,for example,a dog showed great interest in
a growth on the leg of its owner.The mole（痣）was later found to be skin cancer.
Carolyn Willis led a team of researchers at Arnersham Hospital in England.They
trained different kinds of dogs for the experiment.The study involved urine collected from
biadder cancer patients,from people with other diseases and from healthy people.
Each dog was tested eight times.In each test there were seven samples for the dogs
to smell.The dog was supposed to signal the one from a bladder cancer patient by lying
down next to it,
Two cocker spaniels（短腿长毛垂耳小猎犬）were correct fifty-six percent of the time.
But the scientists reported an average success rate of forty-one percent.
As a group,the study found that the dogs chose the correct sample twenty-two out of fifty-four times.That is almost three times more often than would be expected by chance alone.
The British Medical Journal published the research.In all,thirty-six bladder cancer
patients and one hundred and eight other people took part.
During training,all the dogs reportedly even identified a cancer in a person who had
tested healthy before the study,Doctors found a growth on the person's right kidney(肾）.
Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer worldwide.The International Agency
for Research on Cancer says this disease kills more than one hundred thousand people each
year.Doctors say cigarette smoking is the leading cause of bladder cancer.

The person who had tested healthy before the study
A:dropped out.
B:passed away.
C:was found to have cancer.
D:was found to remain healthy.

共用题干
Lung Cancer
1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blamewor-thy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.
2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected that the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.
3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time when an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be com-pletely removed.
4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a re-sulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The on-ly treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.
5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.

The more cigarettes one smokes,______.
A:before the cancer cells spread elsewhere
B:the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will have
C:what is most responsible for lung cancer
D:as some people imagine
E:the more chances of getting lung cancer he will have
F:which form of lung cancer is a common one

共用题干
1. Do you know a child who survived leukemia（白血病）?Do you have a mother , sister or aunt whose breast cancer was found early thanks to a mammogram（乳腺X光照片）?Do you have a friend or coworker who quit smoking to reduce their risk of lung cancer? Each of these individuals benefited from the American Cancer Society's research program.
2.Each day scientists supported by the American Cancer Society work to find breakthroughs that will take US one step closer to a cure.The American Cancer Society has long recognized that research holds the ultimate answers to the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
3.As the largest source of nonprofit cancer research funds in the United States,the American Cancer Society devotes over $100 million each year to research.Since 1946,they've invested more than $2. 4 billion in research. The investment has paid rich dividends（回报、效益）.In 1946,only one in four cancer patients was alive five years after diagnosis;today 60 percent live longer than five years.
4.Investigators and health professionals in universities,research institutes and hospitals throughout the country receive grants from the American Cancer Society.Of the more than 1,300 new applications received each year,only 11 percent can be funded.If the American Cancer Society had more money available for research funding,nearly 200 more applications considered outstanding could be funded each year.
5.You can help fund more of these applications by participating in the American Cancer Society Relay（接力）for Life,a team event to fight cancer. More funding means more cancer breakthroughs and more lives being saved.To learn more,call Donna Hood,chair with the Neosho Relay for Life of the American Cancer Society at 451-4880.

The American Cancer Society's research program has benefited________.
A:lack of funding
B:many cancer patients
C:more lives being saved
D:more than five years
E:the ultimate answers
F: more funding

共用题干
Lung Cancer
1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.
2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.
3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from x-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.
4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have had time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.
5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.

The more cigarettes one smokes,______.
A:before the cancer cells spread elsewhere
B:the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will have
C:what is most responsible for lung cancer
D:as some people imagine
E:the more chances of getting lung cancer he will have
F:which form of lung cancer is a common one

共用题干
第二篇

CT Scans and Lung Cancer

Small or slow-growing nodules（小结节）discovered on a lung scan are unlikely to develop into tumors
over the next two years,researchers reported on Wednesday.
The findings,reported in the New England Journal of Medicine,could help doctors decide when to do
more aggressive testing for lung cancer. They could also help patients avoid unnecessarily aggressive and
potentially harmful testing when lesions（损伤）are found.
Lung cancer,the biggest cancer killer in the United States and globally,is often not diagnosed until it
has spread. It kills 159,000 people a year in the United States alone.
The work is part of a larger effort to develop guidelines to help doctors decide what to do when such
growths,often discovered by accident,appear in a scan.
High-tech（高技术的）X-rays called CT scans can detect tumors一but they see all sorts of other blobs
（模糊的一团）that are not tumors , and often the only way to tell the difference is to take a biopsy（活检）,
a dangerous procedure.
At the moment,routine lung cancer screening is considered impractical because of its high cost and
because too many healthy people are called back for further testing.
Good guidelines could help make lung cancer screening practical,Dr. Rob van Kiaveren of the Erasmus
Medical Center in Rotterdam,the Netherlands,who led the new study,said in a telephone interview.
The team looked at 7,557 people at high risk for lung cancer because they were current or former
smokers. All received multidetector（多层螺旋）CT scans that measured the size of any suspicious-looking
nodules.
Volunteers who had nodules over 9.7 mm in width,or had growth of 4. 6 mm that grew fast enough to more
than double in volume every 400 days,were sent for further testing. Of the 196 people who fell into that category,
70 were found to have lung cancer;10 additional cases were found years later.
But of the 7 ,361 who tested negative during screening,only 20 lung cancer cases later developed.
In a second round of screening done one year after the first,1.8 percent were sent to the doctor because they
had a nodule that was large or fast-growing. More than half turned out to have lung cancer.
The result means that if the screening test says you don't have lung cancer,you probably don't,the re-
searchers said."The chances of finding lung cancer one or two years after a negative first-round test were
1 in 1,000 and 3 in 1,000 respectively,"they concluded.

The new study indicates that in case of small or slow-growing lung nodules__________.
A:you cannot be too careful
B:cancer is just a matter of time
C:a biopsy is unnecessary
D:more aggressive testing is a must

共用题干
第二篇

CT Scans and Lung Cancer

Small or slow-growing nodules（小结节）discovered on a lung scan are unlikely to develop into tumors
over the next two years,researchers reported on Wednesday.
The findings,reported in the New England Journal of Medicine,could help doctors decide when to do
more aggressive testing for lung cancer. They could also help patients avoid unnecessarily aggressive and
potentially harmful testing when lesions（损伤）are found.
Lung cancer,the biggest cancer killer in the United States and globally,is often not diagnosed until it
has spread. It kills 159,000 people a year in the United States alone.
The work is part of a larger effort to develop guidelines to help doctors decide what to do when such
growths,often discovered by accident,appear in a scan.
High-tech（高技术的）X-rays called CT scans can detect tumors一but they see all sorts of other blobs
（模糊的一团）that are not tumors , and often the only way to tell the difference is to take a biopsy（活检）,
a dangerous procedure.
At the moment,routine lung cancer screening is considered impractical because of its high cost and
because too many healthy people are called back for further testing.
Good guidelines could help make lung cancer screening practical,Dr. Rob van Kiaveren of the Erasmus
Medical Center in Rotterdam,the Netherlands,who led the new study,said in a telephone interview.
The team looked at 7,557 people at high risk for lung cancer because they were current or former
smokers. All received multidetector（多层螺旋）CT scans that measured the size of any suspicious-looking
nodules.
Volunteers who had nodules over 9.7 mm in width,or had growth of 4. 6 mm that grew fast enough to more
than double in volume every 400 days,were sent for further testing. Of the 196 people who fell into that category,
70 were found to have lung cancer;10 additional cases were found years later.
But of the 7 ,361 who tested negative during screening,only 20 lung cancer cases later developed.
In a second round of screening done one year after the first,1.8 percent were sent to the doctor because they
had a nodule that was large or fast-growing. More than half turned out to have lung cancer.
The result means that if the screening test says you don't have lung cancer,you probably don't,the re-
searchers said."The chances of finding lung cancer one or two years after a negative first-round test were
1 in 1,000 and 3 in 1,000 respectively,"they concluded.

Which is probably NOT true of lung cancer?
A:Smokers are usually considered to be at high risk for it.
B:It is the leading cause of cancer deaths around the world.
C:159,000 new cases of it are diagnosed in the U.S.each year.
D:It often goes unnoticed until it has spread.

共用题干
第二篇

CT Scans and Lung Cancer

Small or slow-growing nodules（小结节）discovered on a lung scan are unlikely to develop into tumors
over the next two years,researchers reported on Wednesday.
The findings,reported in the New England Journal of Medicine,could help doctors decide when to do
more aggressive testing for lung cancer. They could also help patients avoid unnecessarily aggressive and
potentially harmful testing when lesions（损伤）are found.
Lung cancer,the biggest cancer killer in the United States and globally,is often not diagnosed until it
has spread. It kills 159,000 people a year in the United States alone.
The work is part of a larger effort to develop guidelines to help doctors decide what to do when such
growths,often discovered by accident,appear in a scan.
High-tech（高技术的）X-rays called CT scans can detect tumors一but they see all sorts of other blobs
（模糊的一团）that are not tumors , and often the only way to tell the difference is to take a biopsy（活检）,
a dangerous procedure.
At the moment,routine lung cancer screening is considered impractical because of its high cost and
because too many healthy people are called back for further testing.
Good guidelines could help make lung cancer screening practical,Dr. Rob van Kiaveren of the Erasmus
Medical Center in Rotterdam,the Netherlands,who led the new study,said in a telephone interview.
The team looked at 7,557 people at high risk for lung cancer because they were current or former
smokers. All received multidetector（多层螺旋）CT scans that measured the size of any suspicious-looking
nodules.
Volunteers who had nodules over 9.7 mm in width,or had growth of 4. 6 mm that grew fast enough to more
than double in volume every 400 days,were sent for further testing. Of the 196 people who fell into that category,
70 were found to have lung cancer;10 additional cases were found years later.
But of the 7 ,361 who tested negative during screening,only 20 lung cancer cases later developed.
In a second round of screening done one year after the first,1.8 percent were sent to the doctor because they
had a nodule that was large or fast-growing. More than half turned out to have lung cancer.
The result means that if the screening test says you don't have lung cancer,you probably don't,the re-
searchers said."The chances of finding lung cancer one or two years after a negative first-round test were
1 in 1,000 and 3 in 1,000 respectively,"they concluded.

According to the passage,good guidelines for lung cancer screening__________.
A:are a little bit too costly
B:do not exist yet
C:are being implemented
D:have been developed

共用题干
Study Says Dogs Can Smell Cancer
Dogs are known for their sense of smell. They can find missing people and things like bombs and illegal drugs .Now a study suggests that the animal known as man's best friend can even find bladder（膀胧）cancer.
Cancer cells are thought to produce chemicals with unusual odors（气味）.Researchers think dogs have the ability to smell these odors,even in very small amounts,in urine（尿）.The sense of smell in dogs is thousands of times better than in humans.
The study follows reports of cases where,for example,a dog showed great interest in a growth on the leg of its owner. The mole（痣）was later found to be skin cancer.
Carolyn Willis led a team of researchers at Amersham Hospital in England.They trained different kinds of dogs for the experiment. The study involved urine collected from bladder cancer patie nts,from people with other diseases and from healthy people.
Each dog was tested eight times.In each test there were seven samples for the dogs to smell.
The dog was supposed to signal the one from a bladder cancer patient by lying down next to it.
Two cocker spaniels（短腿长毛垂耳小猎犬）were correct fifty-six percent of the time. But the scientists reported an average success rate of forty-one percent.
As a group,the study found that the dogs chose the correct sample twenty-two out of fifty-four times .That is almost three times more often than would be expected by chance alone.
The British Medical Journal published the research .In all,thirty-six bladder cancer patients and one hundred and eight other people took part.
During training,all the dogs reportedly even identified a cancer in a person who had tested
healthy before the study.Doctors found a growth on the person's right kidney（肾）.
Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer worldwide.The International Agency for Research on Cancer says this disease kills more than one hundred thousand people each year. Doctors say cigarette smoking is the leading cause of bladder cancer.

The person who had tested healthy before the study______.
A: dropped out
B: passed away
C: was found to have cancer
D: was found to remain healthy

共用题干
Lung Cancer
1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blamewor-thy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.
2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected that the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.
3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time when an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be com-pletely removed.
4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a re-sulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The on-ly treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.
5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.

Routine X-ray chest examination is not so dangerous______.
A:before the cancer cells spread elsewhere
B:the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will have
C:what is most responsible for lung cancer
D:as some people imagine
E:the more chances of getting lung cancer he will have
F:which form of lung cancer is a common one

共用题干
Lung Cancer
1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blamewor-thy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.
2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected that the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.
3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time when an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be com-pletely removed.
4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a re-sulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The on-ly treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.
5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.

A primary lung cancer patient may be cured by removing the lung completely______.
A:before the cancer cells spread elsewhere
B:the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will have
C:what is most responsible for lung cancer
D:as some people imagine
E:the more chances of getting lung cancer he will have
F:which form of lung cancer is a common one