问答题Recently many cities have built university towns in suburbs and relocated many universities from downtown area to these newly built campuses. What do you think may be some of the major results of such arrangement? Write a composition of about 400 words
题目
问答题
Recently many cities have built university towns in suburbs and relocated many universities from downtown area to these newly built campuses. What do you think may be some of the major results of such arrangement? Write a composition of about 400 words to discuss your opinion. You may talk about both positive and negative ones. The title of the article has been supplied to you.Results of Building University Towns In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
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更多“Recently many cities have built university towns in suburbs”相关问题
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第1题：
Many Mayan cities and temples__________ .
A． were constructed by the priests
B． were built with heavy stones
C． were rebuilt several times
D． were the miracles of god
正确答案：B
细节推断题。文章第二段第四旬提到“because they had no horses to carry the heavy stones they used to build with”(因为他们没有马匹来拖运沉重的石材)，由此可知B项正确。 -
第2题：
More and more high——rise buildings have been built in big cities space.
A.in search of
B.in place of
C.for lack of
D.for fear of
正确答案：C
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第3题：
根据下面资料，回答
Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.
In many countries, the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential area nearby, where the factory workers can live. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.
In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city centre. It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city centre. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.
But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.
In a residential area, you can see ____________.A.rows of houses, schools and shops
B.many offices and factories
C.a lot of factories and farms
D.many houses with offices and factories答案：A解析：细节题。由第二段最后两句“There is usually a residential area nearby，where the factory workers can live．The families of these workers need schools，hospitals and shops，so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows”可知答案为A。 -
第4题：
根据下面资料，回答
Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.
In many countries, the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential area nearby, where the factory workers can live. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.
In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city centre. It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city centre. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.
But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.
Why do people move to live in cities or towns?A.Because they can live more comfortably there.
B.Because they prefer a noisy life to a peaceful life.
C.Because they want to find work.
D.Because they are sure of having a better life there.答案：C解析：细节题。由第二段第一句话“In many countries，the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work”可知答案为C。 -
第5题：
共用题干
Cities“Worse to Live in Than 20 Years Ago”
One thousand people were surveyed about a range of issues which affect cities,and the re-markable findings show that life in today's mega-cities is so stressful that at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town.
The stress of the getting from A to B in big cities is at the top of the list of problems.For many people,the daily commute to work is a source of frustration.40% of the people in the sur-vey have suffered from road rage while stuck in traffic on the way to work.The cost of public transport is also a serious problem.Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high and that they have to devote more than 10% of their salary to transport costs.
The general cost of living in cities is another problem.The high property prices in most big cities put buying a property out of reach of most first-time buyers.Many young people are priced out of the housing market,and have to take in lodgers to make ends meet,or rent over-priced flats miles away from the city centre .In London,for instance,the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.
Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.Crime rates have rocketed in many big cities,and many say there are several dangerous no-go areas in their city.Fear of crime is on the increase-street crimes,such as mugging and assault,are now very common-and many are afraid of going out at night alone.
Many were also concerned by the lack of green spaces and play facilities for children.Most major conurbations（有卫星城的大都市）surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gar- dens than a generation ago.Planning permission seems to have been given for an ever-greater number of supermarkets,office developments and apartments on sites where there were previously green spaces.Many of the respondents in the survey said they felt stressed and suffocated in the city,a problem which is compounded by pollution.
And finally,the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollu-lion—the roar of traffic , the sound of loud music blaring（发刺耳声）out of a neighbour's win-dow,and the constant sound of activity.It is not surprising,then,that the levels of stress-related illnesses among people who live in cities are higher than ever before .Big cities,once a mecca for ambitious people seeking fameJ and fortune,are now less and less popular among people of all ages .Perhaps the 21st century is set to be the century of the small town and the countryside.The crime rate has remained stable in recent years.
A: Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned答案：B解析：由第一段中的“ at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town”可知，在调查中，大多居住在大城市中的人想要迁居至乡村或小镇，即更小的地方。故选A。
由第二段末句中的“Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high”可知，很多人认为地铁和公交的收费过高。由此可知，在调查中，很多人认为公共交通的收费并不合理。故选B。
由第三段最后一句“In London, for instance, the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.”可知，因为房价太高，所以在伦敦很难买到房子。故选A。
由第四段首句“Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.”可知，犯罪率近年来并没保持稳定。故选B0
由第五段第二句“Most major conurbations surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gardens than a generation ago.”可以推断，城市中的绿化区域较之以前减少了。故选A。
通读全文可以发现文章并未提及伦敦在减少污染方面的成功案例。故选C。
由最后一段首句中的“the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollution”可以推断，受调查的很多人认为噪音污染是个大问题。故选A。 -
第6题：
共用题干
Cities“Worse to Live in Than 20 Years Ago”
One thousand people were surveyed about a range of issues which affect cities,and the re-markable findings show that life in today's mega-cities is so stressful that at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town.
The stress of the getting from A to B in big cities is at the top of the list of problems.For many people,the daily commute to work is a source of frustration.40% of the people in the sur-vey have suffered from road rage while stuck in traffic on the way to work.The cost of public transport is also a serious problem.Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high and that they have to devote more than 10% of their salary to transport costs.
The general cost of living in cities is another problem.The high property prices in most big cities put buying a property out of reach of most first-time buyers.Many young people are priced out of the housing market,and have to take in lodgers to make ends meet,or rent over-priced flats miles away from the city centre .In London,for instance,the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.
Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.Crime rates have rocketed in many big cities,and many say there are several dangerous no-go areas in their city.Fear of crime is on the increase-street crimes,such as mugging and assault,are now very common-and many are afraid of going out at night alone.
Many were also concerned by the lack of green spaces and play facilities for children.Most major conurbations（有卫星城的大都市）surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gar- dens than a generation ago.Planning permission seems to have been given for an ever-greater number of supermarkets,office developments and apartments on sites where there were previously green spaces.Many of the respondents in the survey said they felt stressed and suffocated in the city,a problem which is compounded by pollution.
And finally,the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollu-lion—the roar of traffic , the sound of loud music blaring（发刺耳声）out of a neighbour's win-dow,and the constant sound of activity.It is not surprising,then,that the levels of stress-related illnesses among people who live in cities are higher than ever before .Big cities,once a mecca for ambitious people seeking fameJ and fortune,are now less and less popular among people of all ages .Perhaps the 21st century is set to be the century of the small town and the countryside.There are fewer green areas in cities than there used to be.
A: Right
B:Wrong
C: Not mentioned答案：A解析：由第一段中的“ at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town”可知，在调查中，大多居住在大城市中的人想要迁居至乡村或小镇，即更小的地方。故选A。
由第二段末句中的“Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high”可知，很多人认为地铁和公交的收费过高。由此可知，在调查中，很多人认为公共交通的收费并不合理。故选B。
由第三段最后一句“In London, for instance, the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.”可知，因为房价太高，所以在伦敦很难买到房子。故选A。
由第四段首句“Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.”可知，犯罪率近年来并没保持稳定。故选B0
由第五段第二句“Most major conurbations surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gardens than a generation ago.”可以推断，城市中的绿化区域较之以前减少了。故选A。
通读全文可以发现文章并未提及伦敦在减少污染方面的成功案例。故选C。
由最后一段首句中的“the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollution”可以推断，受调查的很多人认为噪音污染是个大问题。故选A。 -
第7题：
共用题干
第二篇
“New Towns" Plans
The plan of building"New Towns"to absorb growth is frequently considered a cure-all for urban problems. It is erroneously（错误地）assumed that if new residents can be diverted from existing centers,the present urban situation at least will get no worse.It is further and equally erroneously assumed that since European New Towns have been financially and socially successful,we can expect the same sorts of resorts in the United States.
Present planning,thinking,and legislation will not produce the kinds of New Town that have been successful abroad.It will multiply suburbs or encourage development in areas where land is cheap and construction profitable rather than where New Towns are genuinely needed.
Such ill-considered projects not only will fail to relieve pressures on existing cities but will,in fact,tend to weaken those cities further by drawing away high-income citizens and increasing the concentration of low-income groups that are unable to provide tax income.The remaining taxpayers, accordingly,will face increasing burdens,and industry and commerce will seek escape. Unfortunately,this mechanism is already at work in some metropolitan areas.
The promoters of New Towns so far in the United States have been developers,builders,and financial institutions.The main interest of these promoters is economic gain.Furthermore,federal regulations designed to promote the New Town idea do not consider social needs as the European New Town plans do.In fact,our regulations specify virtually all the ingredients of the typical suburban community,with a bit of political rhetoric thrown in.
A workable American New Town formula should be established as firmly here as the national formula was in Britain.All possible social and governmental innovation as well as financial factors should be clearly stated,and both incentives and penalties should be provided to ensure that the
objectives are pursued.If such a policy is developed,then the New Town approach can play an important role in alleviating America's urban problems.Which of the following statements about European New Towns is NOT true?
A:They have been both financially and socially successful.
B:They have relieved the pressures on big cities.
C:The basic aim of building new towns is economic gain.
D:All social and governmental problems have been taken into account.答案：C解析：问题涉及作者对“新城镇计划”的态度。第一段指出把这一计划看作a cure-all for urban problems是错误的，随后指出了存在的问题，文章第三段开头提出这些问题都是由于考虑不周全（ill-considered)而造成的，因此选C。
文章在分析美国的“新城镇计划”不成功的原因时是基于与欧洲新城镇计划的比较的，选项A、B和D都是美国没有做到的，只有C才表明了它的“新城镇计划”不成功的原因，即“The main interest of these promoters is economic gain”建立新城镇的根本目的是出于经济的考量。
本题答案参见第三段。A、B、C三个选项的内容都是关于美国新城镇计划削弱城市的原因，因此，选项D全面概括了内容。
本题问到发展新城镇的目的。从第三段第一句“…will fail to relievepressures on existing cities”，即考虑不当的新城镇计划不能缓解城市的压力，而只有选项B，即改善城市状况和意思相符，因此，B为正确答案。
第五段指出，"All possible social and governmental innovation as well as financial factors should be clearly stated"，所有可能的社会和政府革新及财政因素都应清楚地阐明。所以，选项A正确。 -
第8题：
共用题干
The City Planning
In the past,cities usually grew in a disorderly way because few cities were built according to a plan.In the late 1 800s,the idea of a"beautiful city"came into_______(51).People felt that a city should have wide street,parks,and a civic centre.People_______(52)to realize that cities need to be planned.
In the first part of the 1900s,cities began to_______(53)zoning laws.Zoning laws say what kind of building can be put up in different parts of a city.A factory cannot be put up on land _______(54)for apartments.Apartments,_______(55),cannot be built on land for houses.
Meanwhile,cities were growing rapidly and changing almost_______(56).They faced many problems.Sometimes the streets in a city caused traffic_______(57).Sometimes there were not enough schools or hospitals for all the people who needed them. As people moved_______(58)to new areas of the city,older parts of town often became run-down.
At first,citizens_______(59)groups that tried to solve the problems a city faced.Today, most large cities have city planning board_______(60)part of their city government. On the board are city_______(61)who have special training. Many of them have college_______(62)in city planning. They must know how a city's land can be_______(63)used.They_______(64)new areas of the city and decide how to improve older_______(65).City planing boards help the city meet the needs of all the people who live there._________(65)
A:square
B: division
C:centers
D:section答案：D解析：come into being为固定搭配，意思是“形成、产生”，例如：When did the Great Britain come into being?英国是何时形成的？原文是“美丽城市”的理念应运而生，因此选C。
根据上下文判断，随着美丽城市理念的诞生，人们开始意识到城市需要被规划。come有“开始”的意思。所以此处选C最合适，其他各项均不合题意。fail失败, incline 和tend都有“倾向于”的意思。
根据词语的搭配可以知道，原文应该指的是“城市开始通过城市区划法”，三个选项中只有选项A最合适，pass有“通过”的意思，和law“法律”搭配使用正确。
空缺处需要填的是过去分词引导的定语从句，省略了which be。这里指的是被划分出来建公寓的地区不能盖工厂，zone更合适，意思是“将……划为特殊区域”。
however表示一种转折的关系。本句意思为“工厂不能建在用于盖公寓的土地上。然而，公窝也不能盖在建造大宅的土地上”。所以选项D符合。
根据前半部分即城市在快速地发展，可以判断出城市的变化也是很迅速的，选项D正确，意为“突然，很快”，与前面的rapidly呼应。
traffic jam意思是“交通堵塞”，较之选项B，选项A更符合常理，即城市里的街道会造成交通堵塞。
本句提到了老地区变得破败不堪，人们应该是搬出旧城区，搬进新的城市地区，所以选择C，后面接的介词to指“搬到……”。
只有form最适合和后面的group搭配使用。form意为“组成”，例如：The two parties formed a coalition．两个政党组成了联合政府。本句意思是“市民们组成了试图解决城市面临的问题的团体”。
三个选项中只有as适合，意思是“作为”。句子意思是“大多数的大城市都有了作为城市政府一部分的城市规划委员会”。
逻辑题。on the board意思是“委员会里”。前面提到大多数城市都有了 city planning board即“城市规划委员会”，那么委员会里必然有城市规划师，所以A正确。
degree意思是“学历”，后面常接介词in指在某专业方面的学历，原句中还有信号词college,所以选项degree最合适。level水平，qualification资质，height高度。
best这里是副词，意思是“最好地，最高标准地”，比较carefully （小心地）, suitably（合适地）以及cleverly（聪明地），选项B更为合适。原句意思是“这些城市规划师必须知道如何才能以最好的方式使用城市里的土地”。
lay out为固定搭配，意思是“规划，设计”。例如：When the local governments lay out the car parks, they must estimate the numbers of cars in these districts．当地方政府规划停车场时，他们必须先估计市区里的汽车数量。原文是“他们规划城市的新地区”。
这里的意思是“他们……决定如何来提升一个老城区”。section除了有 “部分”的意思外还指“（城市等的）地区，（街区等的）地段”。square意为“广场”,division意为“部分”,centers意为“中心”。 -
第9题：
共用题干
The City Planning
In the past,cities usually grew in a disorderly way because few cities were built according to a plan.In the late 1 800s,the idea of a"beautiful city"came into_______(51).People felt that a city should have wide street,parks,and a civic centre.People_______(52)to realize that cities need to be planned.
In the first part of the 1900s,cities began to_______(53)zoning laws.Zoning laws say what kind of building can be put up in different parts of a city.A factory cannot be put up on land _______(54)for apartments.Apartments,_______(55),cannot be built on land for houses.
Meanwhile,cities were growing rapidly and changing almost_______(56).They faced many problems.Sometimes the streets in a city caused traffic_______(57).Sometimes there were not enough schools or hospitals for all the people who needed them. As people moved_______(58)to new areas of the city,older parts of town often became run-down.
At first,citizens_______(59)groups that tried to solve the problems a city faced.Today, most large cities have city planning board_______(60)part of their city government. On the board are city_______(61)who have special training. Many of them have college_______(62)in city planning. They must know how a city's land can be_______(63)used.They_______(64)new areas of the city and decide how to improve older_______(65).City planing boards help the city meet the needs of all the people who live there._________(53)
A:pass
B:write
C:build
D:have答案：A解析：come into being为固定搭配，意思是“形成、产生”，例如：When did the Great Britain come into being?英国是何时形成的？原文是“美丽城市”的理念应运而生，因此选C。
根据上下文判断，随着美丽城市理念的诞生，人们开始意识到城市需要被规划。come有“开始”的意思。所以此处选C最合适，其他各项均不合题意。fail失败, incline 和tend都有“倾向于”的意思。
根据词语的搭配可以知道，原文应该指的是“城市开始通过城市区划法”，三个选项中只有选项A最合适，pass有“通过”的意思，和law“法律”搭配使用正确。
空缺处需要填的是过去分词引导的定语从句，省略了which be。这里指的是被划分出来建公寓的地区不能盖工厂，zone更合适，意思是“将……划为特殊区域”。
however表示一种转折的关系。本句意思为“工厂不能建在用于盖公寓的土地上。然而，公窝也不能盖在建造大宅的土地上”。所以选项D符合。
根据前半部分即城市在快速地发展，可以判断出城市的变化也是很迅速的，选项D正确，意为“突然，很快”，与前面的rapidly呼应。
traffic jam意思是“交通堵塞”，较之选项B，选项A更符合常理，即城市里的街道会造成交通堵塞。
本句提到了老地区变得破败不堪，人们应该是搬出旧城区，搬进新的城市地区，所以选择C，后面接的介词to指“搬到……”。
只有form最适合和后面的group搭配使用。form意为“组成”，例如：The two parties formed a coalition．两个政党组成了联合政府。本句意思是“市民们组成了试图解决城市面临的问题的团体”。
三个选项中只有as适合，意思是“作为”。句子意思是“大多数的大城市都有了作为城市政府一部分的城市规划委员会”。
逻辑题。on the board意思是“委员会里”。前面提到大多数城市都有了 city planning board即“城市规划委员会”，那么委员会里必然有城市规划师，所以A正确。
degree意思是“学历”，后面常接介词in指在某专业方面的学历，原句中还有信号词college,所以选项degree最合适。level水平，qualification资质，height高度。
best这里是副词，意思是“最好地，最高标准地”，比较carefully （小心地）, suitably（合适地）以及cleverly（聪明地），选项B更为合适。原句意思是“这些城市规划师必须知道如何才能以最好的方式使用城市里的土地”。
lay out为固定搭配，意思是“规划，设计”。例如：When the local governments lay out the car parks, they must estimate the numbers of cars in these districts．当地方政府规划停车场时，他们必须先估计市区里的汽车数量。原文是“他们规划城市的新地区”。
这里的意思是“他们……决定如何来提升一个老城区”。section除了有 “部分”的意思外还指“（城市等的）地区，（街区等的）地段”。square意为“广场”,division意为“部分”,centers意为“中心”。 -
第10题：
More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities__________space.A.in search of
B.in place of
C.for lack of
D.for fear of答案：C解析：考情点拨：本题考查介词短语辨析。应试指导：句意：因为缺少空间，越来越多的高层建筑在大城市中被建造。in search of寻找……；in place of代替，替代；for lack of缺乏，短缺；for fear of担心，害怕。
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第11题：
问答题Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.The City of the Future What will city life be like in the future? Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They predict that cities will become more and more crowded. As the number of people increases, there will be less space for each person. This overcrowding will cause other problems—more crime, dirtier streets, and worse problems with traffic than we have now. How will people find enough drinking water, energy (such as gas and electricity), and housing? Because life will be hard, people who live in cities will worry more, and they may become sick. For these reasons, some say that nobody will want to live in urban areas. How can we solve such problems as overcrowding, crime, and traffic? In some cities, thousands of people are already sleeping in the streets because there is so little suitable housing—and because rents are so high. The crime rate isn’t going down. Instead, it is increasing so fast that many people are afraid to go out at night. Traffic is also getting worse. More and more often, traffic jams are so bad that cars don’t move at all for several blocks. These urban problems have been getting worse, not better, so many people see no hope for the future of the city. Los Angeles, California, for instance, has no subway system and the buses are slow. Instead, most commuters drive many miles from their homes to work. Many of these drivers spend several hours each day on busy freeways. New York, by contrast, has a mass transit system—buses, commuter trains, and subways. Because the public transportation is crowded and dirty, however, many people drive private cars, and the traffic jams are worse than in Los Angeles. On the other hand, some cities have clean, fast, and pleasant public transportation systems. In Paris, France, and Toronto, Canada, for example, anyone can use mass transit to move quickly from one part of the city to another. The disadvantages of any modern city are not unique to that city—that is, cities all over the world have to solve the problems of traffic jams, crime, housing, energy, drinking water, and overcrowding. Yet many cities have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. Some European cities, such as Stockholm, Sweden, or London, England, have planned communities that provide people with apartments, jobs, shopping centers, green space, entertainment, and transportation. Many U.S. cities are rebuilding their downtown areas. Urban planners can learn from one another. They can try solutions that have been successful in other parts of the world. Summary: Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They say that cities will become more and more crowded and many other problems will be caused by this 1 Due to the hard life, people do not want to live in 2 These urban problems such as overcrowding, crime and traffic have been getting worse, so many people 3 for the future of the city. However, these disadvantages of any modern city are not unique to that city. All the cities all over the world must solve the problems and fortunately, many of them have found answers to one or more of these difficulties. For example, 4 or London has planned communities providing people with apartments, jobs and so on. Besides, many U. S. cities 5 In a word, solutions that have been successful in a place should be adopted and tried in another place.正确答案：
1.overcrowding 文章第一段第五句提到“This overcrowding will cause other problems - more crime, dirtier streets, and worse problems with traffic than we have now”,题目为原文的被动语态表述,因此答案为overcrowding。
2.urban areas 文章第一段最后两句提到“Because life will be hard, people who live in cities will worry more, and they may become sick. For these reasons, some say that nobody will want to live in urban areas”,即,由于生活的艰辛,没有人愿意生活在市内。
3.see no hope 文章第二段最后一句提到“These urban problems have been getting worse, not better, so many people see no hope for the future of the city”,因此答案为see no hope。
4.Stockholm 文章最后一段第三句提到“Some European cities, such as Stockholm, Sweden, or London, England, have planned communities that provide people with apartments, jobs, shopping centers, green space, entertainment, and transportation”,句中Stockholm与London并列,因此答案为Stockholm。
5.rebuild downtown areas 文章最后一段中作者举例说明很多城市已经找到了解决城市存在的问题的方法,美国城市即所举例子之一。倒数第三句提到:“Many U. S. cities are rebuilding their downtown areas”,同时考虑到答案不能超过三个词,可知答案为rebuild downtown areas。解析： 暂无解析 -
第12题：
单选题How many of the employees do not have a university degree?A46.
B184.
C230.
正确答案： B解析： 由对话可知184名大学毕业生占总人数的80%，能计算出剩下20%没有上过大学的是46人。
【录音原文】
W: Would you tell me how many of your employees have received higher education?
M: Of course. We have a very high percentage of university graduates on our staff. We have 184 of them, which accounts for 80% of all our staff members. -
第13题：
I have ______ to many cities to visit different teahouses.A.be
B.been
C.being
D./
答案：B
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第14题：
根据下面资料，回答
Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.
In many countries, the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential area nearby, where the factory workers can live. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.
In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city centre. It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city centre. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.
But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.
We can easily know that the underlined phrase "urban areas" in the first paragraph means_____________.A.areas of the countryside
B.areas of a town or city
C.areas near the countryside
D.areas near a town or city答案：B解析：词义题。由第一段中“…people…are moving…to go and live in big，noisy cities．They are moving…to the busy world…”可判断答案为B。 -
第15题：
根据下面资料，回答
Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.
In many countries, the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential area nearby, where the factory workers can live. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.
In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city centre. It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city centre. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.
But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.
In the United States many people work in the centre of a big city ______________.A.while living on the faraway edge of the city
B.and live there
C.but live in another city
D.but live far away out of the city答案：A解析：细节题。根据第三段第四、五两句话“The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day．Many of them live in the suburbs of the city．far away from the industrial area and the city centre”可知A项正确。 -
第16题：
What is true about Imex System Inc.?A.Many of its customers have a high speed connection
B.It was the first Internet service provider in Lofton City
C.The prices of many of its items were recently reduced
D.It offers cheaper Internet Service than Interspeed答案：A解析：第二段第二句中，Imex系统公司销售最好的是高速网络服务。 -
第17题：
共用题干
第二篇
“New Towns" Plans
The plan of building"New Towns"to absorb growth is frequently considered a cure-all for urban problems. It is erroneously（错误地）assumed that if new residents can be diverted from existing centers,the present urban situation at least will get no worse.It is further and equally erroneously assumed that since European New Towns have been financially and socially successful,we can expect the same sorts of resorts in the United States.
Present planning,thinking,and legislation will not produce the kinds of New Town that have been successful abroad.It will multiply suburbs or encourage development in areas where land is cheap and construction profitable rather than where New Towns are genuinely needed.
Such ill-considered projects not only will fail to relieve pressures on existing cities but will,in fact,tend to weaken those cities further by drawing away high-income citizens and increasing the concentration of low-income groups that are unable to provide tax income.The remaining taxpayers, accordingly,will face increasing burdens,and industry and commerce will seek escape. Unfortunately,this mechanism is already at work in some metropolitan areas.
The promoters of New Towns so far in the United States have been developers,builders,and financial institutions.The main interest of these promoters is economic gain.Furthermore,federal regulations designed to promote the New Town idea do not consider social needs as the European New Town plans do.In fact,our regulations specify virtually all the ingredients of the typical suburban community,with a bit of political rhetoric thrown in.
A workable American New Town formula should be established as firmly here as the national formula was in Britain.All possible social and governmental innovation as well as financial factors should be clearly stated,and both incentives and penalties should be provided to ensure that the
objectives are pursued.If such a policy is developed,then the New Town approach can play an important role in alleviating America's urban problems.According to the author,the present planning of New Towns in America will weaken existing cities because________.
A:it will draw away the rich citizens
B:it will increase the concentration of low-income people
C:it will drive away industry and commerce because of the increasing tax burdens.
D:all of the above.答案：D解析：问题涉及作者对“新城镇计划”的态度。第一段指出把这一计划看作a cure-all for urban problems是错误的，随后指出了存在的问题，文章第三段开头提出这些问题都是由于考虑不周全（ill-considered)而造成的，因此选C。
文章在分析美国的“新城镇计划”不成功的原因时是基于与欧洲新城镇计划的比较的，选项A、B和D都是美国没有做到的，只有C才表明了它的“新城镇计划”不成功的原因，即“The main interest of these promoters is economic gain”建立新城镇的根本目的是出于经济的考量。
本题答案参见第三段。A、B、C三个选项的内容都是关于美国新城镇计划削弱城市的原因，因此，选项D全面概括了内容。
本题问到发展新城镇的目的。从第三段第一句“…will fail to relievepressures on existing cities”，即考虑不当的新城镇计划不能缓解城市的压力，而只有选项B，即改善城市状况和意思相符，因此，B为正确答案。
第五段指出，"All possible social and governmental innovation as well as financial factors should be clearly stated"，所有可能的社会和政府革新及财政因素都应清楚地阐明。所以，选项A正确。 -
第18题：
共用题干
第二篇
“New Towns" Plans
The plan of building"New Towns"to absorb growth is frequently considered a cure-all for urban problems. It is erroneously（错误地）assumed that if new residents can be diverted from existing centers,the present urban situation at least will get no worse.It is further and equally erroneously assumed that since European New Towns have been financially and socially successful,we can expect the same sorts of resorts in the United States.
Present planning,thinking,and legislation will not produce the kinds of New Town that have been successful abroad.It will multiply suburbs or encourage development in areas where land is cheap and construction profitable rather than where New Towns are genuinely needed.
Such ill-considered projects not only will fail to relieve pressures on existing cities but will,in fact,tend to weaken those cities further by drawing away high-income citizens and increasing the concentration of low-income groups that are unable to provide tax income.The remaining taxpayers, accordingly,will face increasing burdens,and industry and commerce will seek escape. Unfortunately,this mechanism is already at work in some metropolitan areas.
The promoters of New Towns so far in the United States have been developers,builders,and financial institutions.The main interest of these promoters is economic gain.Furthermore,federal regulations designed to promote the New Town idea do not consider social needs as the European New Town plans do.In fact,our regulations specify virtually all the ingredients of the typical suburban community,with a bit of political rhetoric thrown in.
A workable American New Town formula should be established as firmly here as the national formula was in Britain.All possible social and governmental innovation as well as financial factors should be clearly stated,and both incentives and penalties should be provided to ensure that the
objectives are pursued.If such a policy is developed,then the New Town approach can play an important role in alleviating America's urban problems.The purpose of building New Towns in America is________.
A:to develop suburban area
B:to improve urban situation
C:to gain economic interest
D:to provide new residence for low-income people答案：B解析：问题涉及作者对“新城镇计划”的态度。第一段指出把这一计划看作a cure-all for urban problems是错误的，随后指出了存在的问题，文章第三段开头提出这些问题都是由于考虑不周全（ill-considered)而造成的，因此选C。
文章在分析美国的“新城镇计划”不成功的原因时是基于与欧洲新城镇计划的比较的，选项A、B和D都是美国没有做到的，只有C才表明了它的“新城镇计划”不成功的原因，即“The main interest of these promoters is economic gain”建立新城镇的根本目的是出于经济的考量。
本题答案参见第三段。A、B、C三个选项的内容都是关于美国新城镇计划削弱城市的原因，因此，选项D全面概括了内容。
本题问到发展新城镇的目的。从第三段第一句“…will fail to relievepressures on existing cities”，即考虑不当的新城镇计划不能缓解城市的压力，而只有选项B，即改善城市状况和意思相符，因此，B为正确答案。
第五段指出，"All possible social and governmental innovation as well as financial factors should be clearly stated"，所有可能的社会和政府革新及财政因素都应清楚地阐明。所以，选项A正确。 -
第19题：
共用题干
Cities“Worse to Live in Than 20 Years Ago”
One thousand people were surveyed about a range of issues which affect cities,and the re-markable findings show that life in today's mega-cities is so stressful that at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town.
The stress of the getting from A to B in big cities is at the top of the list of problems.For many people,the daily commute to work is a source of frustration.40% of the people in the sur-vey have suffered from road rage while stuck in traffic on the way to work.The cost of public transport is also a serious problem.Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high and that they have to devote more than 10% of their salary to transport costs.
The general cost of living in cities is another problem.The high property prices in most big cities put buying a property out of reach of most first-time buyers.Many young people are priced out of the housing market,and have to take in lodgers to make ends meet,or rent over-priced flats miles away from the city centre .In London,for instance,the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.
Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.Crime rates have rocketed in many big cities,and many say there are several dangerous no-go areas in their city.Fear of crime is on the increase-street crimes,such as mugging and assault,are now very common-and many are afraid of going out at night alone.
Many were also concerned by the lack of green spaces and play facilities for children.Most major conurbations（有卫星城的大都市）surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gar- dens than a generation ago.Planning permission seems to have been given for an ever-greater number of supermarkets,office developments and apartments on sites where there were previously green spaces.Many of the respondents in the survey said they felt stressed and suffocated in the city,a problem which is compounded by pollution.
And finally,the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollu-lion—the roar of traffic , the sound of loud music blaring（发刺耳声）out of a neighbour's win-dow,and the constant sound of activity.It is not surprising,then,that the levels of stress-related illnesses among people who live in cities are higher than ever before .Big cities,once a mecca for ambitious people seeking fameJ and fortune,are now less and less popular among people of all ages .Perhaps the 21st century is set to be the century of the small town and the countryside.Many people in the survey think public transport is reasonably priced.
A:Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned答案：B解析：由第一段中的“ at least two-thirds of those currently living in big cities would like to relocate to the countryside or a small town”可知，在调查中，大多居住在大城市中的人想要迁居至乡村或小镇，即更小的地方。故选A。
由第二段末句中的“Many people think the price of underground and bus travel is too high”可知，很多人认为地铁和公交的收费过高。由此可知，在调查中，很多人认为公共交通的收费并不合理。故选B。
由第三段最后一句“In London, for instance, the price of buying even a one-bedroom flat is so prohibitive that many have given up even considering putting money aside for a deposit.”可知，因为房价太高，所以在伦敦很难买到房子。故选A。
由第四段首句“Another issue facing people who live in cities is rising crime.”可知，犯罪率近年来并没保持稳定。故选B0
由第五段第二句“Most major conurbations surveyed have a far smaller number of parks and gardens than a generation ago.”可以推断，城市中的绿化区域较之以前减少了。故选A。
通读全文可以发现文章并未提及伦敦在减少污染方面的成功案例。故选C。
由最后一段首句中的“the majority of people in the survey were fed up with the constant noise pollution”可以推断，受调查的很多人认为噪音污染是个大问题。故选A。 -
第20题：
共用题干
The City Planning
In the past,cities usually grew in a disorderly way because few cities were built according to a plan.In the late 1 800s,the idea of a"beautiful city"came into_______(51).People felt that a city should have wide street,parks,and a civic centre.People_______(52)to realize that cities need to be planned.
In the first part of the 1900s,cities began to_______(53)zoning laws.Zoning laws say what kind of building can be put up in different parts of a city.A factory cannot be put up on land _______(54)for apartments.Apartments,_______(55),cannot be built on land for houses.
Meanwhile,cities were growing rapidly and changing almost_______(56).They faced many problems.Sometimes the streets in a city caused traffic_______(57).Sometimes there were not enough schools or hospitals for all the people who needed them. As people moved_______(58)to new areas of the city,older parts of town often became run-down.
At first,citizens_______(59)groups that tried to solve the problems a city faced.Today, most large cities have city planning board_______(60)part of their city government. On the board are city_______(61)who have special training. Many of them have college_______(62)in city planning. They must know how a city's land can be_______(63)used.They_______(64)new areas of the city and decide how to improve older_______(65).City planing boards help the city meet the needs of all the people who live there._________(64)
A:put out
B:lay out
C:give out
D:hard out答案：B解析：come into being为固定搭配，意思是“形成、产生”，例如：When did the Great Britain come into being?英国是何时形成的？原文是“美丽城市”的理念应运而生，因此选C。
根据上下文判断，随着美丽城市理念的诞生，人们开始意识到城市需要被规划。come有“开始”的意思。所以此处选C最合适，其他各项均不合题意。fail失败, incline 和tend都有“倾向于”的意思。
根据词语的搭配可以知道，原文应该指的是“城市开始通过城市区划法”，三个选项中只有选项A最合适，pass有“通过”的意思，和law“法律”搭配使用正确。
空缺处需要填的是过去分词引导的定语从句，省略了which be。这里指的是被划分出来建公寓的地区不能盖工厂，zone更合适，意思是“将……划为特殊区域”。
however表示一种转折的关系。本句意思为“工厂不能建在用于盖公寓的土地上。然而，公窝也不能盖在建造大宅的土地上”。所以选项D符合。
根据前半部分即城市在快速地发展，可以判断出城市的变化也是很迅速的，选项D正确，意为“突然，很快”，与前面的rapidly呼应。
traffic jam意思是“交通堵塞”，较之选项B，选项A更符合常理，即城市里的街道会造成交通堵塞。
本句提到了老地区变得破败不堪，人们应该是搬出旧城区，搬进新的城市地区，所以选择C，后面接的介词to指“搬到……”。
只有form最适合和后面的group搭配使用。form意为“组成”，例如：The two parties formed a coalition．两个政党组成了联合政府。本句意思是“市民们组成了试图解决城市面临的问题的团体”。
三个选项中只有as适合，意思是“作为”。句子意思是“大多数的大城市都有了作为城市政府一部分的城市规划委员会”。
逻辑题。on the board意思是“委员会里”。前面提到大多数城市都有了 city planning board即“城市规划委员会”，那么委员会里必然有城市规划师，所以A正确。
degree意思是“学历”，后面常接介词in指在某专业方面的学历，原句中还有信号词college,所以选项degree最合适。level水平，qualification资质，height高度。
best这里是副词，意思是“最好地，最高标准地”，比较carefully （小心地）, suitably（合适地）以及cleverly（聪明地），选项B更为合适。原句意思是“这些城市规划师必须知道如何才能以最好的方式使用城市里的土地”。
lay out为固定搭配，意思是“规划，设计”。例如：When the local governments lay out the car parks, they must estimate the numbers of cars in these districts．当地方政府规划停车场时，他们必须先估计市区里的汽车数量。原文是“他们规划城市的新地区”。
这里的意思是“他们……决定如何来提升一个老城区”。section除了有 “部分”的意思外还指“（城市等的）地区，（街区等的）地段”。square意为“广场”,division意为“部分”,centers意为“中心”。 -
第21题：
共用题干
The City Planning
In the past,cities usually grew in a disorderly way because few cities were built according to a plan.In the late 1 800s,the idea of a"beautiful city"came into_______(51).People felt that a city should have wide street,parks,and a civic centre.People_______(52)to realize that cities need to be planned.
In the first part of the 1900s,cities began to_______(53)zoning laws.Zoning laws say what kind of building can be put up in different parts of a city.A factory cannot be put up on land _______(54)for apartments.Apartments,_______(55),cannot be built on land for houses.
Meanwhile,cities were growing rapidly and changing almost_______(56).They faced many problems.Sometimes the streets in a city caused traffic_______(57).Sometimes there were not enough schools or hospitals for all the people who needed them. As people moved_______(58)to new areas of the city,older parts of town often became run-down.
At first,citizens_______(59)groups that tried to solve the problems a city faced.Today, most large cities have city planning board_______(60)part of their city government. On the board are city_______(61)who have special training. Many of them have college_______(62)in city planning. They must know how a city's land can be_______(63)used.They_______(64)new areas of the city and decide how to improve older_______(65).City planing boards help the city meet the needs of all the people who live there._________(54)
A:made
B:zoned
C:used
D:built答案：B解析：come into being为固定搭配，意思是“形成、产生”，例如：When did the Great Britain come into being?英国是何时形成的？原文是“美丽城市”的理念应运而生，因此选C。
根据上下文判断，随着美丽城市理念的诞生，人们开始意识到城市需要被规划。come有“开始”的意思。所以此处选C最合适，其他各项均不合题意。fail失败, incline 和tend都有“倾向于”的意思。
根据词语的搭配可以知道，原文应该指的是“城市开始通过城市区划法”，三个选项中只有选项A最合适，pass有“通过”的意思，和law“法律”搭配使用正确。
空缺处需要填的是过去分词引导的定语从句，省略了which be。这里指的是被划分出来建公寓的地区不能盖工厂，zone更合适，意思是“将……划为特殊区域”。
however表示一种转折的关系。本句意思为“工厂不能建在用于盖公寓的土地上。然而，公窝也不能盖在建造大宅的土地上”。所以选项D符合。
根据前半部分即城市在快速地发展，可以判断出城市的变化也是很迅速的，选项D正确，意为“突然，很快”，与前面的rapidly呼应。
traffic jam意思是“交通堵塞”，较之选项B，选项A更符合常理，即城市里的街道会造成交通堵塞。
本句提到了老地区变得破败不堪，人们应该是搬出旧城区，搬进新的城市地区，所以选择C，后面接的介词to指“搬到……”。
只有form最适合和后面的group搭配使用。form意为“组成”，例如：The two parties formed a coalition．两个政党组成了联合政府。本句意思是“市民们组成了试图解决城市面临的问题的团体”。
三个选项中只有as适合，意思是“作为”。句子意思是“大多数的大城市都有了作为城市政府一部分的城市规划委员会”。
逻辑题。on the board意思是“委员会里”。前面提到大多数城市都有了 city planning board即“城市规划委员会”，那么委员会里必然有城市规划师，所以A正确。
degree意思是“学历”，后面常接介词in指在某专业方面的学历，原句中还有信号词college,所以选项degree最合适。level水平，qualification资质，height高度。
best这里是副词，意思是“最好地，最高标准地”，比较carefully （小心地）, suitably（合适地）以及cleverly（聪明地），选项B更为合适。原句意思是“这些城市规划师必须知道如何才能以最好的方式使用城市里的土地”。
lay out为固定搭配，意思是“规划，设计”。例如：When the local governments lay out the car parks, they must estimate the numbers of cars in these districts．当地方政府规划停车场时，他们必须先估计市区里的汽车数量。原文是“他们规划城市的新地区”。
这里的意思是“他们……决定如何来提升一个老城区”。section除了有 “部分”的意思外还指“（城市等的）地区，（街区等的）地段”。square意为“广场”,division意为“部分”,centers意为“中心”。 -
第22题：
单选题According to the speaker, who are working in the industrial estates?APeople from the suburbs.
BPeople from other country towns.
CVolunteers.
DLocal inhabitants.
正确答案： A解析：
推理判断题。录音中指出这些小镇拥有规模庞大的industrial estates（工业区），并且提到一位名叫Sandor的人的看法，“they built those factories to stop the local people going away”，即小镇修建工厂是为了防止当地人外流。从接下来的“if this is true, it certainly worked”，可知说话者认为这样做确实管用，即同意Sandor的观点。由此可知，在工业区工作的人应该是当地居民。因此选D。 -
第23题：
问答题Recently many cities have built university towns in suburbs and relocated many universities from downtown area to these newly built campuses. What do you think may be some of the major results of such arrangement? Write a composition of about 400 words to discuss your opinion. You may talk about both positive and negative ones. The title of the article has been supplied to you.Results of Building University Towns In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.正确答案：
Results of Building University Towns As education has come to be viewed as one of the bases for a nation's power, it has attracted more and more attention in the new century. One way that government tries to support education is to build university towns. In the past few years, cities like Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, and Guangzhou have all built university towns, some even building more towns to host large numbers of universities in the area. This new arrangement naturally has led to many consequences, some being positive, some not. In my opinion, there are mainly three major results worth discussing.
Firstly, building university towns improves teaching facilities for universities. In the past, most universities occupied only a small piece of land in downtown area. The classrooms are old and small, and teaching equipment is out-dated. But after moving to university towns, all the universities certainly have a much larger campus, together with new buildings and newly-purchased equipment. Take my university for an example. Before moving to the new campus, it had a campus of only about 200 mu, and usually three to four colleges crammed in the same building. Now the new campus is as large as 900 mu, and every college has its own building. Besides, there are more computer labs and classrooms with multi-media equipment. In this sense, moving to the university towns is undoubtedly a progress for the school.
Secondly, building university towns can offer students a better study environment. We all know that students are supposed to focus their mind on study, but if the school is located in downtown areas, there may be too many things to distract them. For example, girls may spend much time window shopping, and boys may spend more time watching movies. But university towns can solve this problem. On the one hand, these towns are usually located in suburbs. It is very inconvenient to go window shopping, so students are forced to focus on study. On the other hand, universities provide students with very good study facilities, such as library, reading room, and computer lab. Many teachers find that the students are studying harder than they did in old campus.
Of course, there are some problems with building university towns, the most serious one is traffic problem. As university towns are located from 20 to 50 km away from cities, it may take about one hour to go there. Students have to spend more time and money when they go to the city, and teachers have to spend more time traveling to and from the suburban campuses. Remote location also means that schools have to spend more on traffic than in the past, and this expense may be considerably big for some universities.
All in all, although there may be inconveniences, building university towns can be very beneficial for universities and students. If there were no university towns, most schools would still stay in their narrow space, and teach students in small classrooms with worn out equipment. In that case, there cannot be much improvement for education, in its real sense.解析：
本题要讨论的是建设大学城的后果。例文的引言段使用的是narrow-down形式，先从教育受到重视这种社会大环境讲起，然后引出大学城的概念，再明确文章的中心思想，行文非常自然。正文段的前两段是一部分，主要讨论大学城的好处；后一段是第二部分，主要讨论大学城的坏处。在结论段中，作者用一句话总结全文，然后用话题的重要意义作最终评论。 -
第24题：
填空题Why do more Americans have to drive to work?Because they have moved out of the ____to the suburbs.正确答案： large cities解析：
细节题。从听力原文中“Many people have moved outside of the large cities to the suburbs”一句可以判断，此处应该填large cities。